CN115826048A - Method and device for discovering oil gas desserts - Google Patents
Method and device for discovering oil gas desserts Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method, a device, a storage medium and electronic equipment for finding oil gas desserts, and relates to the technical field of oil exploration and development, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an actual seismic record waveform of a target area; comparing the similarity of the actual seismic record waveform with the seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database to obtain a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform; the waveform database is pre-established based on a plurality of pre-acquired reservoir characteristics; determining reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform; determining whether the target region is a hydrocarbon sweet spot region based on reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform. The technical scheme provided by the invention can more accurately find the oil gas dessert.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploration and development, in particular to a method and a device for finding oil and gas desserts.
Background
In the process of oil and gas exploration and development, finding out a geological dessert containing oil and gas to obtain the maximum development benefit is a major subject to be faced currently.
The prior art often employs waveform classification methods to predict oil and gas sweet spots. However, the existing practical results show that when the well data are less, reliable logging waveforms and seismic waveforms cannot be obtained, and further the reliability of the oil gas dessert predicted by adopting the waveform classification method is difficult to determine. Meanwhile, in the prior art, waveform analogy is carried out only by using characteristic data on the well, and complexity and changeability of underground conditions are not considered, so that the prediction result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
To the problems in the prior art, the application provides a method and a device for finding oil and gas desserts, which can find the oil and gas desserts more accurately.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for discovering oil and gas desserts, the method comprising:
acquiring an actual seismic record waveform of a target area;
comparing the similarity of the actual seismic record waveform with seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database to obtain a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity with the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform; the waveform database is pre-established based on a plurality of pre-acquired reservoir characteristics;
determining reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform;
determining whether the target region is a hydrocarbon sweet spot region based on reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform.
Preferably, the waveform database is pre-established based on pre-acquired reservoir characteristics, including:
acquiring original reservoir characteristics of an existing well based on well logging data of the existing well;
obtaining a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics by adopting a fluid replacement method based on the logging data of the existing well;
respectively performing geological seismic simulation on the original reservoir characteristics and each of the plurality of changed reservoir characteristics to obtain seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic;
and using the set of seismic response waveforms of the various reservoir characteristics as the waveform database.
Preferably, the well log data comprises: reservoir thickness, reservoir porosity, reservoir water saturation, reservoir shale content, presence or absence of fractures in the reservoir, elastic modulus of the reservoir, reservoir hydrocarbon content, velocity and density of the reservoir.
Preferably, the obtaining a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics using fluid substitution based on the well log data of the existing well comprises:
performing fluid replacement by using a Gassmann rock physics equation, and calculating the corresponding change of the density and speed logging curves under different conditions including reservoir thickness, porosity, water saturation, oil-gas-containing property and fracture change to obtain the speed and density logging curves after response change;
and calculating corresponding earthquake synthetic records for the velocity and density curves calculated by the fluid replacement method, and obtaining earthquake response waveforms respectively corresponding to the changed reservoir characteristics.
Further, establishing the waveform database further comprises:
respectively quantifying the seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic to obtain quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
storing the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms in the waveform database.
Preferably, the comparing the similarity between the actual seismic record waveform and the seismic response waveforms of the reservoirs with different characteristics in the pre-established waveform database to obtain the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as the target waveform includes:
quantifying the actual seismic record waveform to obtain quantified parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
calculating and obtaining a similarity parameter between the actual seismic record waveform and each seismic response waveform based on the quantitative parameters of the actual seismic record waveform and the quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
and acquiring a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform based on the similarity parameter.
Preferably, the quantified parameters of the actual seismic recording waveform include: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms include: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the seismic response waveform;
the similarity parameter includes: the linear correlation coefficient and the manhattan distance are normalized.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus for discovering hydrocarbon sweet spots, the apparatus comprising:
the seismic recording waveform acquisition unit is used for acquiring an actual seismic recording waveform of the target area;
the similarity comparison unit is used for comparing the similarity of the actual seismic recording waveform with the seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database to obtain the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity with the actual seismic recording waveform as a target waveform; the waveform database is pre-established based on a plurality of pre-acquired reservoir characteristics;
the reservoir characteristic determining unit is used for determining reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform;
a sweet-spot region determination unit to determine whether the target region is an oil and gas sweet-spot region based on reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a storage medium having program code stored thereon, where the program code, when executed by a processor, implements the method for discovering hydrocarbon sweet spots as described in any one of the above embodiments.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores program code executable on the processor, and when the program code is executed by the processor, the electronic device implements the method for discovering oil and gas sweet spots as described in any one of the above embodiments.
According to the method, the device, the storage medium and the electronic equipment for finding the oil gas dessert, firstly, an actual seismic record waveform of a target area is obtained, similarity comparison is carried out on the obtained actual seismic record waveform and seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database, and the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform is obtained and serves as the target waveform; and then determining the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform, and determining whether the target area is an oil and gas sweet spot area based on the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform. Because the waveform database is pre-established based on various pre-acquired reservoir characteristics, each seismic response waveform in the waveform database can reflect different reservoir characteristics, and for an actual seismic record waveform, a similar seismic response waveform can be found in the waveform database, so that a corresponding reservoir characteristic is found, and whether a target area is an oil and gas sweet spot area can be determined through the reservoir characteristics. Therefore, the oil and gas dessert can be found more accurately by considering various different reservoir characteristics.
Drawings
The scope of the present disclosure will be better understood from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings. Wherein the included drawings are:
FIG. 1 is a first flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a second method of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 3A and 3B are synthetic seismic records made from raw logs of two wells in an embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 4A and 4B are graphs comparing seismic geological simulation results before and after increasing the porosity of the target zone in an embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 5A and 5B are comparative graphs of seismic geological simulation results before and after the shale content of the target zone is increased to 10% in an embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 6A and 6B are graphs comparing seismic geological simulation results before and after a fracture is present according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 7A and 7B are comparative graphs of seismic geological simulation results before and after the fluid elastic modulus of the target zone is changed to 0.8 in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 8A and 8B are graphs comparing results of seismic geological simulations before and after a change in velocity between 3000m/s and 4000m/s due to lithology changes in a target interval in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 9A and 9B are graphs comparing results of seismic geological simulation before and after the thickness of the target layer is reduced by 50 m according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 10A and 10B are graphs comparing results of seismic geological simulation before and after the target interval is increased in thickness by 50 m according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a first graph illustrating the similarity comparison between two waveforms according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating a similarity comparison of two waveforms according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a plan view of normalized correlation coefficients for a work area according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a diagram showing the structure of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will describe in detail an implementation method of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that how to apply technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Example one
The presence and variation of hydrocarbons greatly affects the seismic response characteristics of the reservoir. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, firstly, a fluid replacement method is used for carrying out seismic geological simulation on the influence and change rule of the existence and change of oil, gas, water and thickness on the seismic response characteristics of the reservoir, summarizing and summarizing the corresponding seismic response characteristics and change rule of the reservoir, establishing a corresponding waveform database, finding out a corresponding region which is consistent with the oil-gas response characteristics and change in a seismic data body through an intelligent method, and establishing a corresponding relation with oil-gas, thereby realizing the discovery of a 'sweet spot' of the oil-gas-containing geology.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for discovering an oil and gas sweet spot, as shown in fig. 1, the method according to this embodiment includes:
step S101, acquiring an actual seismic record waveform of a target area;
in this embodiment, the actual seismic recording waveform of the target area is obtained by blasting the target area to simulate an earthquake.
Step S102, comparing the similarity of the actual seismic recording waveform with seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database to obtain a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity with the actual seismic recording waveform as a target waveform; the waveform database is pre-established based on a plurality of pre-acquired reservoir characteristics;
in this embodiment, the pre-establishing the waveform database based on the pre-acquired multiple reservoir characteristics includes:
acquiring original reservoir characteristics of an existing well based on well logging data of the existing well;
obtaining a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics by adopting a fluid replacement method based on the logging data of the existing well;
respectively performing geological seismic simulation on the original reservoir characteristics and each of the plurality of changed reservoir characteristics to obtain seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic;
and using the set of seismic response waveforms of various reservoir characteristics as the waveform database.
In this embodiment, the existing well is logged to obtain logging data of the existing well, where the logging data includes: reservoir thickness, reservoir porosity, reservoir water saturation, reservoir shale content, presence or absence of fractures in the reservoir, elastic modulus of the reservoir, reservoir hydrocarbon content, velocity and density of the reservoir. Based on the logging data of the existing well, corresponding logging curves, such as a speed logging curve and a density logging curve, can be obtained, and an original logging curve obtained based on the original logging data of the existing well is used as the original reservoir characteristics of the existing well.
In this embodiment, the obtaining of a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics by using a fluid replacement method based on the well logging data of the existing well specifically includes:
performing fluid replacement by using a Gassmann rock physical equation, and calculating corresponding changes of the density and speed logging curves under different conditions including reservoir thickness, porosity, water saturation, oil-gas-containing property and fracture change to obtain the speed and density logging curves after response change; and calculating corresponding earthquake synthetic records for the velocity and density curves calculated by the fluid replacement method, and obtaining earthquake response waveforms respectively corresponding to the changed reservoir characteristics. Specifically, original logging data of an existing well is subjected to transformation of parameters including reservoir thickness, reservoir porosity, reservoir water saturation, reservoir shale content, whether a reservoir has cracks or not, reservoir elastic modulus, reservoir oil-gas content, reservoir speed and density and the like through a rock physics method, seismic geological simulation is carried out, and reservoir and oil-gas containing response characteristics and change rules thereof are known through the seismic geological simulation.
The existing forward modeling calculation can know the target layer and the oil-gas containing response condition. The embodiment of the invention has the unique characteristic that the seismic geological simulation calculation is carried out by utilizing the logging data through the Gassmann equation, the resolution ratio of the model is improved because the logging data which are actually measured are utilized, the seismic geological simulation result can be closer to the actual situation, the reservoir characteristics can be known by intelligently comparing the actual seismic records with the seismic geological simulation result, the seismic response characteristics and the change rule of the reservoir and the oil-gas can be better and more accurately determined, and the intelligent prediction result of the oil-gas can be closer to the actual geological situation.
Through seismic geological simulation, the seismic response and the change characteristics of a reservoir and oil and gas can be known, so that the oil and gas distribution of the reservoir can be predicted, and the basic principle is fluid replacement based on a Gassmann equation:
wherein, K * Is expressed by a bulk modulus of K f The bulk modulus of the rock saturated with the fluid; k d Is the bulk modulus of the rock skeleton; k m Is the matrix (particle) bulk modulus; k f Is the bulk modulus of the mixed fluid;
is the rock porosity.
Fluid substitution is the calculation of a petrophysical parameter in one fluid state from a petrophysical parameter in another fluid state in a pore space.
Through fluid replacement, the change conditions of rock physical parameters under the conditions of reservoir thickness, porosity, water saturation, oil-gas content and fracture change can be known, so that the change conditions of seismic response are fitted, the change characteristics are summarized, and a corresponding waveform database is established.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Calculating corresponding synthetic seismic records by using the original velocity and density logging curves, and analyzing and concluding seismic response waveforms corresponding to the oil gas by combining an actual seismic section;
(2) Performing fluid replacement by adopting a Gassmann rock physical equation, and calculating corresponding changes of the density and speed logging curves under different conditions including reservoir thickness, porosity, water saturation, oil-gas-containing property and fracture change to obtain the speed and density logging curves after response change;
(3) Calculating corresponding synthetic seismic records for the velocity and density curves calculated by fluid replacement, and performing characteristic analysis and induction on seismic response waveforms corresponding to the synthetic oil gas;
(4) And comparing the change of the seismic response waveform characteristics before and after fluid replacement, analyzing the change trend of the seismic response waveform characteristics caused by the change of the reservoir characteristics, accordingly, establishing a corresponding waveform database according to the influence of the reservoir characteristics and the change on the reservoir seismic response waveform and change characteristics, and laying a foundation for describing the oil-gas distribution state by reversely deducing the transverse change condition of the reservoir characteristics by an intelligent algorithm according to the change of the seismic profile seismic response characteristics.
In order to facilitate the similarity comparison of waveforms, the establishing the waveform database according to this embodiment further includes:
respectively quantifying the seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic to obtain quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
storing the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms in the waveform database.
In this embodiment, the comparing the similarity between the actual seismic recording waveform and the seismic response waveforms of the reservoirs with different characteristics in the pre-established waveform database to obtain the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic recording waveform as the target waveform includes:
quantifying the actual seismic record waveform to obtain quantified parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
calculating and obtaining a similarity parameter between the actual seismic record waveform and each seismic response waveform based on the quantitative parameters of the actual seismic record waveform and the quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
and acquiring a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform based on the similarity parameter.
In this embodiment, the quantitative parameters of the actual seismic recording waveform include: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms include: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the seismic response waveform;
the similarity parameter includes: the linear correlation coefficient and the manhattan distance are normalized.
That is, the above comparing the similarity between the actual seismic record waveform and each seismic response waveform in the waveform database established in advance to obtain the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as the target waveform specifically includes:
quantifying an actual seismic record waveform to obtain a gradient change parameter, a waveform skewness parameter, a waveform sharpness parameter and a waveform construction parameter of the actual seismic record waveform;
calculating to obtain a normalized linear correlation coefficient and a Manhattan distance of the actual seismic record waveform and each seismic response waveform based on the gradient change parameter, the waveform skewness parameter, the waveform sharpness parameter and the waveform construction parameter of the actual seismic record waveform and each seismic response waveform;
and acquiring a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform based on the normalized linear correlation coefficient and the Manhattan distance.
Step S103, determining reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform;
in this embodiment, each seismic response waveform corresponds to one reservoir characteristic, and therefore, based on the target waveform, the reservoir characteristic corresponding to the target waveform can be found.
And step S104, determining whether the target region is an oil and gas sweet spot region or not based on the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform.
Since the reservoir characteristics can reflect whether the reservoir is a sweet spot region, whether the target region is a hydrocarbon sweet spot region can be determined based on the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform.
It can be seen that, in the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, firstly, the reservoir oil and gas seismic response characteristics and the change rule are summarized, and on the basis, the corresponding oil and gas response area is found and matched from the actual seismic record through an intelligent algorithm. Through fluid replacement, the change conditions of rock physical parameters under the conditions of reservoir thickness, porosity, water saturation, oil-gas content and fracture change can be known, so that the change conditions of seismic response waveforms are fitted, the change characteristics are summarized, and a corresponding waveform database is established. The intelligent algorithm finds and matches out the corresponding oil-gas response area from the actual seismic record, and mainly uses the influence of the oil-gas of the stratum on the amplitude and the frequency spectrum of the seismic channel to carry out correlation analysis on the reflections, thereby achieving the purpose of oil-gas prediction. The implementation process can be divided into two steps: (1) The established waveform quantifies all parameters, including gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters, waveform construction parameters and the like, and can well describe the characteristics of the seismic waveform. (2) And adopting a statistical analysis method and a neural network waveform analysis method to obtain a similarity result of the waveform characteristics of the seismic geological simulation and the actual seismic record, and predicting the oil-gas-water distribution of the target zone through sequencing of the similarity results of the waveform characteristics. Therefore, the change situation of the oil gas in the reservoir without azimuth is predicted, and the dessert in the oil gas-containing geology is found out.
The 'sweet spot' of the hydrocarbon-containing geology is found out through the combination of seismic geologic simulation and an intelligent algorithm. The method is characterized by well summarizing seismic geological simulation and reservoir oil and gas seismic response characteristics and change rules and establishing an oil and gas response and change rule response waveform library.
The method for finding the oil gas sweet spot provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the steps of firstly obtaining an actual seismic record waveform of a target area, and comparing the obtained actual seismic record waveform with each seismic response waveform in a pre-established waveform database to obtain a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity with the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform; and then determining the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform, and determining whether the target area is an oil and gas sweet spot area based on the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform. Because the waveform database is pre-established based on various pre-acquired reservoir characteristics, each seismic response waveform in the waveform database can reflect different reservoir characteristics, and for an actual seismic record waveform, a similar seismic response waveform can be found in the waveform database, so that a corresponding reservoir characteristic is found, and whether a target area is an oil and gas sweet spot area can be determined through the reservoir characteristics. Therefore, the oil and gas dessert can be found more accurately by considering various different reservoir characteristics.
Example two
The present embodiment further details the method for finding the oil and gas sweet spot by taking an actual oil and gas sweet spot identification process as an example. The method comprises the steps of utilizing a rock physics earthquake geological simulation principle, carrying out fluid replacement on a reservoir by a rock physics method, wherein the fluid replacement comprises reservoir thickness, porosity, water saturation, hydrocarbon content, fracture change replacement and the like, further carrying out earthquake geological simulation, finding reservoir hydrocarbon earthquake response characteristics and change rules by the earthquake geological simulation, and finding and matching corresponding hydrocarbon response areas from actual earthquake records by an intelligent algorithm on the basis.
As shown in fig. 2, the method of this embodiment includes:
step S201, acquiring original reservoir characteristics of an existing well based on well logging data of the existing well, and performing geological seismic simulation aiming at the original reservoir characteristics to acquire a seismic response waveform corresponding to the original reservoir characteristics;
the seismic response waveform is the synthetic seismic record. Fig. 3A and 3B are synthetic seismic records of two known wells (well 1 and well 2), and the synthetic seismic records are obtained by using the original logging data to perform simulation calculation, so that the seismic geological simulation result is closer to the actual situation, and the established waveform database is closer to the actual geological situation.
S202, adopting a Gassmann rock physical equation to carry out fluid replacement, and obtaining a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics by assuming different parameters including reservoir thickness, porosity, water saturation, hydrocarbon-containing property, fracture change and the like; calculating the corresponding change of the density and speed logging curves according to different parameters to obtain the speed and density logging curves after the response change;
step S203, respectively carrying out geological seismic simulation on each reservoir characteristic in the changed reservoir characteristics to obtain a seismic response waveform respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic;
step S204, using the set of seismic response waveforms of various reservoir characteristics as the waveform database;
specifically, a corresponding synthetic seismic record is calculated for the velocity and density curve calculated by fluid replacement, and characteristic analysis is carried out on the synthetic seismic record; comparing the change of the seismic response characteristics before and after fluid replacement, analyzing the change trend of the seismic response waveform characteristics caused by the reservoir characteristic change, accordingly, obtaining the influence of the reservoir characteristic change on the seismic response waveform characteristic change, obtaining seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic, and establishing a waveform database.
The specific steps for obtaining different seismic response characteristics are as follows:
(1) For the well 1, the porosity of the target layer is firstly improved, the velocity and density curves after the porosity is changed are calculated by adopting a Gassmann rock physical equation, and the corresponding synthetic seismic record is calculated. Comparing the seismic response characteristics before and after fluid displacement, as shown in fig. 4A and 4B, it can be seen that increasing the porosity of the target interval results in a significant decrease in the positive and negative amplitudes associated with the target interval;
(2) And (3) improving the shale content of the target layer to 10% for the well 1, calculating a speed and density curve after the shale content changes by adopting a Gassmann rock physical equation, and calculating a corresponding synthetic seismic record. Comparing the seismic response characteristics before and after fluid displacement, as shown in fig. 5A and 5B, it can be seen that increasing the shale content of the target zone to 10% enables the reflection amplitude associated with the target zone to be further reduced;
(3) And calculating the speed and density curve of the crack after existence by adopting a Gassmann rock physical equation under the condition that the crack of the well 1 replacing the target layer exists, and calculating the corresponding synthetic seismic record. The seismic response characteristics before and after the fluid replacement were compared, as shown in fig. 6A and 6B, it can be seen that in the presence of a fracture, an increase in the negative amplitude of reflection is seen, causing a change in the internal morphology, with one more positive reflection inside.
(4) Changing the fluid elastic modulus of the target layer of the well 1 into the M fl =0.8, calculating a speed and density curve after the fluid elastic modulus is changed by adopting a Gassmann rock physical equation, and calculating a corresponding synthetic seismic record. Comparing the seismic response characteristics before and after fluid displacement, as shown in fig. 7A and 7B, it can be seen that when the fluid elastic modulus is 0.8, the amplitudes of positive and negative reflection are reduced, and the reflection time thickness is reduced;
(5) The speed caused by the lithological change of the target layer of the well 2 is changed between 3000m/s and 4000m/s, the speed and density curve after the speed is changed caused by the lithological change is calculated, and the corresponding synthetic seismic record is calculated. Comparing the seismic response characteristics before and after fluid displacement, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, it can be seen that lithology changes resulting in velocity changes between 3000m/s and 4000m/s can result in reduced reflection time thickness with little change in negative reflection;
(6) And reducing the thickness of the target layer of the well 2 by 50 meters, calculating the speed and density curve after the thickness is reduced by adopting a Gassmann rock physical equation, and calculating a corresponding synthetic seismic record. Comparing the seismic response characteristics before and after fluid replacement, as shown in fig. 9A and 9B, it can be seen that the thickness is reduced by 50 meters, the thickness of the negative phase reflection is reduced, a small positive phase reflection appears at the gas-oil contact surface, and a large negative phase reflection appears at the oil-water contact surface;
(7) And (3) increasing the thickness of the target layer of the well 2 by 50 meters, calculating a speed and density curve after the thickness is increased by adopting a Gassmann rock physical equation, and calculating a corresponding synthetic seismic record. Comparing the seismic response characteristics before and after fluid displacement, as shown in fig. 10A and 10B, it can be seen that the thickness is increased by 50 meters, more small positive phase reflections occur at the cap region, and there are some small changes in the negative phase morphology.
Step S205, acquiring an actual seismic record waveform of a target area;
step S206, comparing the similarity of the actual seismic record waveform with each seismic response waveform in the waveform database to obtain the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity with the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform;
step S207, determining reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform;
and step S208, determining whether the target area is an oil and gas sweet spot area or not based on the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform.
And fitting a corresponding waveform database obtained by using the seismic response characteristics and the change rules of the oil-gas reservoir stratum by using the previous seismic geological simulation result, carrying out intelligent comparative analysis on the actual seismic record and the established waveform database, and predicting the oil-gas-water distribution of a target stratum by sequencing similarity results of waveform characteristics so as to find out the 'sweet spot' of the oil-gas geology.
Specifically, the intelligent algorithm finds and matches out the corresponding oil-gas response area from the actual seismic record, and mainly uses the influence of stratum oil-gas on the amplitude and frequency spectrum of the seismic channel to perform correlation analysis on the reflections, so as to achieve the purpose of oil-gas prediction. The implementation process can be divided into two steps: (1) Quantifying the actual seismic record waveform, wherein the actual seismic record waveform is quantified by using a gradient change parameter, a waveform skewness parameter, a waveform sharpness parameter and a waveform construction parameter; (2) And adopting a statistical analysis method and a neural network waveform analysis method to obtain a similarity result of the waveform characteristics of the seismic geological simulation and the actual seismic record, and predicting the oil-gas-water distribution of the target stratum through sequencing of the similarity results of the waveform characteristics. Therefore, the change situation of the oil gas in the reservoir which is not from the azimuth is predicted, and the 'sweet spot' of the oil gas geology is found out.
In fig. 11, the normalized linear correlation coefficient of the two waveforms is-0.61, and the normalized manhattan distance is 0.87, which indicates that the two waveforms have very different structural features and are judged to be dissimilar waveforms; in fig. 12, the normalized linear correlation coefficient of the two waveforms is 0.94, and the manhattan distance is 0.16, indicating that the two waveforms have high similarity.
Fig. 13 is a plan view of a normalized correlation coefficient of a work area according to an embodiment of the present invention, and seismic waveforms of a reservoir can be effectively classified and identified by normalizing the correlation coefficient and manhattan distance and combining waveform classification.
The corresponding oil-gas-containing response area is found and matched from the actual seismic record through an intelligent algorithm, so that the beneficial part of oil-gas development is obtained and the optimized exploration and development effect is obtained.
Through the application, the waveform database can be proved to be more effective when being applied to reservoir identification, and further the oil and gas dessert can be effectively predicted.
The invention can summarize the related information of the influence of the existence and the change of oil, gas, water and thickness on the seismic response characteristics and the change of the reservoir obtained by fluid replacement, establish a corresponding waveform library, and find out the related area which accords with the oil-gas response characteristics and the change condition in the seismic data volume by an intelligent method. The intelligent algorithm utilizes the influence of stratum oil gas on the seismic response waveform to carry out intelligent comparative analysis on the actual seismic record and the established waveform database, and then predicts the oil-gas-water distribution of a target stratum through the similarity result sequence of the waveform characteristics, the waveform database is more effective in reservoir identification, and the seismic waveform of the reservoir can be effectively classified and identified by normalizing the correlation coefficient and the Manhattan distance and combining with the waveform classification.
The method for finding the oil gas sweet spot provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the steps of firstly obtaining an actual seismic record waveform of a target area, and comparing the obtained actual seismic record waveform with seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database to obtain a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform; and then determining the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform, and determining whether the target area is an oil and gas sweet spot area based on the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform. Because the waveform database is pre-established based on various pre-acquired reservoir characteristics, each seismic response waveform in the waveform database can reflect different reservoir characteristics, and for an actual seismic record waveform, a similar seismic response waveform can be found in the waveform database, so that a corresponding reservoir characteristic is found, and whether a target area is an oil and gas sweet spot area can be determined through the reservoir characteristics. Therefore, the oil and gas dessert can be found more accurately by considering various different reservoir characteristics.
EXAMPLE III
Correspondingly to the above method embodiment, the present invention also provides an apparatus for finding an oil and gas sweet spot, as shown in fig. 14, the apparatus comprising:
a seismic recording waveform acquisition unit 301 for acquiring an actual seismic recording waveform of the target area;
a similarity comparison unit 302, configured to perform similarity comparison between the actual seismic recording waveform and seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database, and obtain a seismic response waveform with the greatest similarity to the actual seismic recording waveform as a target waveform; the waveform database is pre-established based on a plurality of pre-acquired reservoir characteristics;
a reservoir characteristic determination unit 303, configured to determine, based on the target waveform, a reservoir characteristic corresponding to the target waveform;
a sweet-spot region determination unit 304 for determining whether the target region is an oil and gas sweet-spot region based on reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform.
In this embodiment, the waveform database is pre-established in the following manner:
acquiring original reservoir characteristics of an existing well based on well logging data of the existing well;
obtaining a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics by adopting a fluid replacement method based on the logging data of the existing well;
respectively performing geological seismic simulation on the original reservoir characteristics and each of the plurality of changed reservoir characteristics to obtain seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic;
and using the set of seismic response waveforms of various reservoir characteristics as the waveform database.
In this embodiment, the logging data includes: reservoir thickness, reservoir porosity, reservoir water saturation, reservoir shale content, presence or absence of fractures in the reservoir, elastic modulus of the reservoir, reservoir hydrocarbon content, velocity and density of the reservoir.
In this example, a plurality of varied reservoir characteristics were obtained in the following manner:
performing fluid replacement by using a Gassmann rock physical equation, and calculating corresponding changes of the density and speed logging curves under different conditions including reservoir thickness, porosity, water saturation, oil-gas-containing property and fracture change to obtain the speed and density logging curves after response change;
and calculating corresponding earthquake synthetic records for the velocity curve and the density curve calculated by using the fluid replacement method, and obtaining earthquake response waveforms respectively corresponding to the changed characteristics of each reservoir.
In this embodiment, the creating the waveform database further includes:
respectively quantifying the seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic to obtain quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
storing the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms in the waveform database.
In this embodiment, the similarity comparing unit 302 includes:
the quantification unit is used for quantifying the actual seismic record waveform to obtain quantification parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
the calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a similarity parameter between the actual seismic recording waveform and each seismic response waveform based on the quantitative parameters of the actual seismic recording waveform and the quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
and the target waveform obtaining unit is used for obtaining a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform based on the similarity parameter.
In this embodiment, the quantitative parameters of the actual seismic recording waveform include: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms include: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the seismic response waveform;
the similarity parameter includes: the linear correlation coefficient and the manhattan distance are normalized.
The device carries out fluid replacement on the reservoir stratum through a petrophysical method, wherein the fluid replacement comprises reservoir stratum thickness, porosity, water saturation, oil-gas-containing property, fracture change displacement and the like, corresponding seismic response is simulated, on the basis, reservoir stratum oil-gas seismic response characteristics and change rules are summarized, and further corresponding oil-gas-containing response areas are found and matched from actual seismic records through an intelligent algorithm, so that favorable positions for oil-gas development are obtained, and an optimized exploration and development effect is obtained. The key of the embodiment of the invention is that the seismic geological simulation is made through a Gassmann equation. The reservoir and oil and gas seismic response characteristics and change rules are known through seismic geologic simulation, and the intelligent algorithm finds and matches out corresponding oil and gas response areas from actual seismic records, mainly utilizes the influence of stratum oil and gas on the amplitude and frequency spectrum of seismic channels to perform correlation analysis on the reflections, thereby achieving the purpose of oil and gas prediction.
The working principle, the work flow and the like of the device relate to specific embodiments, which can be seen in the specific embodiments of the method for finding the oil and gas dessert provided by the invention, and the same technical contents are not described in detail herein.
The device for discovering the oil gas sweet spot provided by the embodiment of the invention firstly obtains the actual seismic record waveform of the target area, and compares the obtained actual seismic record waveform with the seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database to obtain the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity with the actual seismic record waveform as the target waveform; and then determining the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform, and determining whether the target area is an oil and gas sweet spot area based on the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform. Because the waveform database is pre-established based on various pre-acquired reservoir characteristics, each seismic response waveform in the waveform database can reflect different reservoir characteristics, and for an actual seismic record waveform, a similar seismic response waveform can be found in the waveform database, so that a corresponding reservoir characteristic is found, and whether a target area is an oil and gas sweet spot area can be determined through the reservoir characteristics. Therefore, the oil and gas dessert can be found more accurately by considering various different reservoir characteristics.
Example four
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a storage medium having program code stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements the method of discovering an oil and gas sweet spot according to any one of the above embodiments.
The method comprises the following steps:
acquiring an actual seismic record waveform of a target area;
comparing the similarity of the actual seismic record waveform with the seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database to obtain a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform; the waveform database is pre-established based on a plurality of pre-acquired reservoir characteristics;
determining reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform;
determining whether the target region is a hydrocarbon sweet spot region based on reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform.
Preferably, the waveform database is pre-established based on pre-acquired reservoir characteristics, including:
acquiring original reservoir characteristics of an existing well based on well logging data of the existing well;
obtaining a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics by adopting a fluid replacement method based on the logging data of the existing well;
respectively performing geological seismic simulation on the original reservoir characteristics and each of the plurality of changed reservoir characteristics to obtain seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic;
and using the set of seismic response waveforms of various reservoir characteristics as the waveform database.
Preferably, the well log data comprises: reservoir thickness, reservoir porosity, reservoir water saturation, reservoir shale content, presence or absence of fractures in the reservoir, elastic modulus of the reservoir, reservoir hydrocarbon content, velocity and density of the reservoir.
Preferably, the obtaining a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics using a fluid substitution method based on the well log data of the existing well comprises:
performing fluid replacement by using a Gassmann rock physical equation, and calculating corresponding changes of the density and speed logging curves under different conditions including reservoir thickness, porosity, water saturation, oil-gas-containing property and fracture change to obtain the speed and density logging curves after response change;
and calculating corresponding earthquake synthetic records for the velocity curve and the density curve calculated by using the fluid replacement method, and obtaining earthquake response waveforms respectively corresponding to the changed characteristics of each reservoir.
Further, establishing the waveform database further comprises:
respectively quantifying the seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic to obtain quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
storing the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms in the waveform database.
Preferably, the comparing the similarity between the actual seismic recording waveform and the seismic response waveforms of the reservoirs with different characteristics in the pre-established waveform database to obtain the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic recording waveform as the target waveform includes:
quantifying the actual seismic record waveform to obtain quantified parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
calculating and obtaining a similarity parameter between the actual seismic record waveform and each seismic response waveform based on the quantitative parameters of the actual seismic record waveform and the quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
and acquiring a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform based on the similarity parameter.
Preferably, the quantified parameters of the actual seismic recording waveform include: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms include: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the seismic response waveform;
the similarity parameter includes: the linear correlation coefficient and the manhattan distance are normalized.
EXAMPLE five
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores program code executable on the processor, and when the program code is executed by the processor, the method for discovering oil and gas sweet spots as described in any one of the above embodiments is implemented.
The method comprises the following steps:
acquiring an actual seismic record waveform of a target area;
comparing the similarity of the actual seismic record waveform with seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database to obtain a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity with the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform; the waveform database is pre-established based on a plurality of pre-acquired reservoir characteristics;
determining reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform;
determining whether the target region is a hydrocarbon sweet spot region based on reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform.
Preferably, the waveform database is pre-established based on pre-acquired reservoir characteristics, including:
acquiring original reservoir characteristics of an existing well based on well logging data of the existing well;
obtaining a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics by adopting a fluid replacement method based on the logging data of the existing well;
respectively performing geological seismic simulation on the original reservoir characteristics and each of the plurality of changed reservoir characteristics to obtain seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic;
and using the set of seismic response waveforms of various reservoir characteristics as the waveform database.
Preferably, the well log data comprises: reservoir thickness, reservoir porosity, reservoir water saturation, reservoir shale content, presence or absence of fractures in the reservoir, elastic modulus of the reservoir, reservoir hydrocarbon content, velocity and density of the reservoir.
Preferably, the obtaining a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics using fluid substitution based on the well log data of the existing well comprises:
performing fluid replacement by using a Gassmann rock physics equation, and calculating the corresponding change of the density and speed logging curves under different conditions including reservoir thickness, porosity, water saturation, oil-gas-containing property and fracture change to obtain the speed and density logging curves after response change;
and calculating corresponding earthquake synthetic records for the velocity and density curves calculated by the fluid replacement method, and obtaining earthquake response waveforms respectively corresponding to the changed reservoir characteristics.
Further, establishing the waveform database further comprises:
respectively quantifying the seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic to obtain quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
storing the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms in the waveform database.
Preferably, the comparing the similarity between the actual seismic recording waveform and the seismic response waveforms of the reservoirs with different characteristics in the pre-established waveform database to obtain the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic recording waveform as the target waveform includes:
quantifying the actual seismic record waveform to obtain quantified parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
calculating and obtaining a similarity parameter between the actual seismic record waveform and each seismic response waveform based on the quantitative parameters of the actual seismic record waveform and the quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
and acquiring a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform based on the similarity parameter.
Preferably, the quantified parameters of the actual seismic recording waveform include: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms include: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the seismic response waveform;
the similarity parameter includes: the linear correlation coefficient and the manhattan distance are normalized.
According to the method, the device, the storage medium and the electronic equipment for finding the oil gas dessert, firstly, an actual seismic record waveform of a target area is obtained, similarity comparison is carried out on the obtained actual seismic record waveform and seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database, and the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform is obtained and serves as the target waveform; and then determining the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform, and determining whether the target area is an oil and gas sweet spot area based on the reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform. Because the waveform database is pre-established based on various pre-acquired reservoir characteristics, each seismic response waveform in the waveform database can reflect different reservoir characteristics, and for an actual seismic record waveform, a similar seismic response waveform can be found in the waveform database, so that a corresponding reservoir characteristic is found, and whether a target area is an oil and gas sweet spot area can be determined through the reservoir characteristics. Therefore, the oil and gas dessert can be found more accurately by considering various different reservoir characteristics.
By the method, the seismic geologic simulation can be performed by fluid replacement, the complexity and changeability of the underground condition are considered, the corresponding waveform database is established by the seismic response characteristics and the change rule of the reservoir of the oil-gas-containing stratum, the defects of the prior art are overcome, and on the basis, the intelligent algorithm is utilized to find out the region corresponding to the oil-gas-containing response characteristics and the change condition in the seismic data volume, so that the dessert of the oil-gas-containing geology is found more accurately.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, a division of a unit is merely a logical division, and an actual implementation may have another division, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed.
Units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention essentially or partially contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing an electronic device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of discovering oil and gas desserts, the method comprising:
acquiring an actual seismic record waveform of a target area;
comparing the similarity of the actual seismic record waveform with the seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database to obtain a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform; the waveform database is pre-established based on a plurality of pre-acquired reservoir characteristics;
determining reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform;
determining whether the target region is a hydrocarbon sweet spot region based on reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform.
2. The method of discovering oil and gas sweet spots of claim 1, wherein pre-building the waveform database based on pre-acquired reservoir characteristics comprises:
acquiring original reservoir characteristics of an existing well based on logging data of the existing well;
obtaining a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics by adopting a fluid replacement method based on the logging data of the existing well;
respectively performing geological seismic simulation on the original reservoir characteristics and each of the plurality of changed reservoir characteristics to obtain seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic;
and using the set of seismic response waveforms of various reservoir characteristics as the waveform database.
3. The method of discovering oil and gas sweet spots of claim 2, wherein the well log data comprises: reservoir thickness, reservoir porosity, reservoir water saturation, reservoir shale content, presence or absence of fractures in the reservoir, elastic modulus of the reservoir, reservoir hydrocarbon content, velocity and density of the reservoir.
4. The method of discovering oil and gas sweet spots according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining a plurality of changed reservoir characteristics using fluid substitution based on the well log data of the existing well comprises:
performing fluid replacement by using a Gassmann rock physical equation, and calculating corresponding changes of the density and speed logging curves under different conditions including reservoir thickness, porosity, water saturation, oil-gas-containing property and fracture change to obtain the speed and density logging curves after response change;
and calculating corresponding earthquake synthetic records for the velocity and density curves calculated by the fluid replacement method, and obtaining earthquake response waveforms respectively corresponding to the changed reservoir characteristics.
5. The method of discovering oil and gas sweet spots of claim 2, wherein building the waveform database further comprises:
respectively quantifying the seismic response waveforms respectively corresponding to each reservoir characteristic to obtain quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
storing the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms in the waveform database.
6. The method for discovering oil and gas sweet spots according to claim 5, wherein the comparing the actual seismic recording waveform with the similarity of the seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database to obtain the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity with the actual seismic recording waveform as a target waveform comprises:
quantifying the actual seismic record waveform to obtain quantified parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
calculating and obtaining a similarity parameter between the actual seismic recording waveform and each seismic response waveform based on the quantitative parameters of the actual seismic recording waveform and the quantitative parameters of each seismic response waveform;
and acquiring a seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity to the actual seismic record waveform as a target waveform based on the similarity parameter.
7. The method of discovering oil and gas sweet spots of claim 6, wherein the quantified parameters of the actual seismic record waveform comprise: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the actual seismic record waveform;
the quantified parameters for each of the seismic response waveforms include: gradient change parameters, waveform skewness parameters, waveform sharpness parameters and waveform construction parameters of the seismic response waveform;
the similarity parameter includes: the linear correlation coefficient and the manhattan distance are normalized.
8. An apparatus for discovering hydrocarbon desserts, the apparatus comprising:
the seismic recording waveform acquisition unit is used for acquiring an actual seismic recording waveform of the target area;
the similarity comparison unit is used for comparing the similarity of the actual seismic recording waveform with the seismic response waveforms of reservoirs with different characteristics in a pre-established waveform database to obtain the seismic response waveform with the maximum similarity with the actual seismic recording waveform as a target waveform; the waveform database is pre-established based on a plurality of pre-acquired reservoir characteristics;
the reservoir characteristic determining unit is used for determining reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform based on the target waveform;
a sweet-spot region determination unit to determine whether the target region is an oil and gas sweet-spot region based on reservoir characteristics corresponding to the target waveform.
9. A storage medium having program code stored thereon, wherein the program code when executed by a processor implements a method of discovering hydrocarbon sweet spots as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and program code stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the program code when executed by the processor implements a method of discovering hydrocarbon sweet spots as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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