CN115821046A - A method for enriching lead-antimony-tin from low-grade lead-antimony-tin hazardous waste - Google Patents
A method for enriching lead-antimony-tin from low-grade lead-antimony-tin hazardous waste Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009725 powder blending Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及有色金属冶炼技术领域，具体是一种从低品位铅锑锡危险废物中富集铅锑锡的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal smelting, in particular to a method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste.
背景技术Background technique
危险废物的主要处理方法总体来说包括：物理处理法、化学处理法、生物处理法、固化/稳定化处理法、热处置法。低品位危废物料回收传统工艺为以铅精矿或铅锑精矿为基础，按精矿冶炼模式进行配料，捎带少部分低品位危废物料，该传统方法生产对精矿要求高且量大，处理危废量少，处理区间非常有限，不能进行多金属综合回收及复杂低品位危废物料的综合利用，整体生产原料成本高，且低品位危废处理效果欠佳。现有低品位铅锑锡危险废物料回收方法通常采用火法冶炼，但由于品位低，从而回收成本高，经济性差。The main treatment methods of hazardous waste generally include: physical treatment, chemical treatment, biological treatment, solidification/stabilization treatment, and heat treatment. The traditional process of recycling low-grade hazardous waste materials is based on lead concentrate or lead-antimony concentrate, and the batching is carried out according to the concentrate smelting mode, with a small amount of low-grade hazardous waste materials. This traditional method requires high concentrate and large quantities , the amount of hazardous waste to be processed is small, and the treatment area is very limited. It is impossible to carry out comprehensive recovery of polymetallic and comprehensive utilization of complex low-grade hazardous waste materials. The overall production raw material cost is high, and the treatment effect of low-grade hazardous waste is not good. The existing low-grade lead-antimony-tin hazardous waste recycling method usually adopts pyrometallurgy, but due to the low grade, the recycling cost is high and the economy is poor.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种处理效果好且回收成本较低的从低品位铅锑锡危险废物中富集铅锑锡的方法。In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste with good treatment effect and low recovery cost.
为实现上述的目的，本发明的技术方案为：一种从低品位铅锑锡危险废物中富集铅锑锡的方法，包括以下步骤：In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste, comprising the following steps:
(1)检测：对入炉原料进行分析，测定铅、锑、锡、铁、硅、钙含量；(1) Detection: analyze the incoming raw materials to determine the contents of lead, antimony, tin, iron, silicon and calcium;
(2)配煤粉：根据铅、锑、锡的低品位危废物料重量，配入25-33％的煤粉；(2) Mixing coal powder: according to the weight of low-grade hazardous waste materials such as lead, antimony and tin, mix 25-33% coal powder;
(3)配钙量：根据检测结果中SiO2、FeO、CaO的含量配入适量的氧化钙，按照Si：Fe＝1-1.5，Si：Ca＝1.5-2，用以造渣；(3) Calcium compounding amount: according to the content of SiO 2 , FeO, and CaO in the test results, add an appropriate amount of calcium oxide, according to Si:Fe=1-1.5, Si:Ca=1.5-2, to make slag;
(4)氧量控制：根据配入的物料的量计算，氧料比控制在80-130，确保粉煤的充分燃烧；核算粉煤及交互反应所需要氧气，通过工艺要求控制氧气给与量，氧气总量2400-3200m3/h,氧料比控制在85-110，确保粉煤充分燃烧反应，达到熔融冶炼温度，实现低品位危废物料吹炼富集铅、锑、锡的过程；(4) Oxygen control: Calculated according to the amount of materials added, the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 80-130 to ensure the full combustion of pulverized coal; calculate the oxygen required for pulverized coal and interactive reactions, and control the oxygen supply according to process requirements , the total amount of oxygen is 2400-3200m 3 /h, and the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 85-110 to ensure that the pulverized coal is fully combusted to reach the melting and smelting temperature, and to realize the process of blowing and enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous waste materials;
(5)吹炼时间：根据粉煤及氧量，吹炼时间控制在90-110min；(5) Blowing time: according to pulverized coal and oxygen content, the blowing time is controlled at 90-110min;
(6)氧化烟尘：通过吹入空气，在高温条件下将铅、锑、锡、以氧化烟尘的形式富集在(6) Oxidation soot: By blowing air, lead, antimony, tin, etc. are enriched in the form of oxidized soot under high temperature conditions.
收尘系统中，炉内熔融状态下主要反应方程式如下：In the dust collection system, the main reaction equation in the molten state in the furnace is as follows:
Pb2++CO+O2-→Pb+CO2 Pb 2+ +CO+O 2- →Pb+CO 2
2Pb+O2→2PbO(烟尘)2Pb+O 2 →2PbO (smoke)
Sn4++CO+O2-→Sn+CO2 Sn 4+ +CO+O 2- →Sn+CO 2
Sn+O2→SnO2(烟尘)Sn+O 2 →SnO 2 (smoke)
2Sb3++3CO+3O2-→2Sb+3CO2 2Sb 3+ +3CO+3O 2- → 2Sb+3CO 2
2Sb+3O2→2Sb2O3(烟尘)2Sb+3O 2 →2Sb 2 O 3 (smoke)
(7)还原熔炼：氧化烟尘通过制粒、烧结一系列操作，形成有一定强度、孔隙度的烧结块，在铅锑锡烟尘中加入17-19％焦炭进入鼓风炉还原熔炼得到铅锑锡合金。(7) Reduction smelting: Oxide fumes are granulated and sintered to form sintered agglomerates with certain strength and porosity. Add 17-19% coke to the lead-antimony-tin fumes and enter the blast furnace for reduction smelting to obtain lead-antimony-tin alloys.
所述低品位铅锑锡危险废物中的铅含量为3.5％，锑4.1％，锡0.36％。The lead content in the low-grade lead-antimony-tin hazardous waste is 3.5%, antimony 4.1%, and tin 0.36%.
所述氧化烟尘中含Pb％20.03-21.82，Sb％21.02-24.84，Sn％0.98-1.41。The oxidation dust contains Pb% 20.03-21.82, Sb% 21.02-24.84, Sn% 0.98-1.41.
除另有说明外，本发明所述的百分比均为质量百分比，各组分含量百分数之和为100％。Unless otherwise specified, the percentages mentioned in the present invention are all mass percentages, and the sum of the content percentages of each component is 100%.
本发明的突出优点在于：The outstanding advantages of the present invention are:
采用本发明能够实现从低品位危废物料中吹炼富集铅、锑、锡，使所述低品位铅锑锡危险废物中的铅含量3.5％，锑4.1％，锡0.36％富集到氧化烟尘中含Pb％20.03-21.82，Sb％21.02-24.84，Sn％0.98-1.41，铅、锑富集了5倍以上，锡富集了2-3倍以上。Adopting the present invention can realize blowing and enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous waste materials, so that the lead content in the low-grade lead-antimony-tin hazardous waste is 3.5%, antimony 4.1%, and tin 0.36% are enriched to oxidation The dust contains Pb% 20.03-21.82, Sb% 21.02-24.84, Sn% 0.98-1.41, the enrichment of lead and antimony is more than 5 times, and the enrichment of tin is more than 2-3 times.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步说明。本实例以危废含铅3.5％，锑4.1％，锡0.36％为例。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples. This example takes hazardous waste containing 3.5% lead, 4.1% antimony, and 0.36% tin as an example.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例为本发明所述的从低品位铅锑锡危险废物中富集铅锑锡的方法一个实例，包括以下步骤：This embodiment is an example of the method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste described in the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1)检测：对入炉原料进行分析，测定得到低品位铅锑锡危险废物的含铅量3.5％，锑4.1％，锡0.36％；(1) Detection: the raw materials into the furnace are analyzed, and the lead content of low-grade lead-antimony-tin hazardous waste is determined to be 3.5%, antimony 4.1%, and tin 0.36%;
(2)配煤粉：根据铅、锑、锡的低品位危废物料重量为33-34，配入8-11％的煤粉；(2) Coal powder blending: according to the weight of low-grade hazardous waste materials of lead, antimony and tin is 33-34, mix into 8-11% coal powder;
(3)配钙量：根据检测结果中SiO2、FeO、CaO的含量配入适量的氧化钙，按照Si：Fe＝1-1.5，Si：Ca＝1.5-2，用以造渣；(3) Calcium compounding amount: according to the content of SiO 2 , FeO, and CaO in the test results, add an appropriate amount of calcium oxide, according to Si:Fe=1-1.5, Si:Ca=1.5-2, to make slag;
(4)氧量控制：根据配入的物料的量计算，氧料比控制在85-90，确保粉煤的充分燃烧；核算粉煤及交互反应所需要氧气，通过工艺要求控制氧气给与量，氧气总量2400-3200m3/h,氧料比控制在85-90，确保粉煤充分燃烧反应，达到熔融冶炼温度，实现低品位危废物料吹炼富集铅、锑、锡的过程；(4) Oxygen control: Calculated according to the amount of materials added, the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 85-90 to ensure the full combustion of pulverized coal; calculate the oxygen required for pulverized coal and interactive reactions, and control the oxygen supply according to process requirements , the total amount of oxygen is 2400-3200m 3 /h, and the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 85-90 to ensure the pulverized coal is fully combusted and reacted to reach the melting and smelting temperature, and realize the process of blowing and enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous waste materials;
(5)吹炼时间：根据粉煤及氧量，吹炼时间控制在90min；(5) Blowing time: according to pulverized coal and oxygen content, the blowing time is controlled at 90 minutes;
(6)氧化烟尘：通过吹入空气，在高温条件下将铅、锑、锡、以氧化烟尘的形式富集在收尘系统中，得到烟尘产量4-5.4吨，其中含Pb％20.03-21.82，Sb％21.58-24.8，Sn％.98-1.39。(6) Oxidation soot: By blowing in air, lead, antimony, tin, etc. are enriched in the dust collection system in the form of oxidized soot under high temperature conditions, and the soot output is 4-5.4 tons, which contains Pb% 20.03-21.82 , Sb% 21.58-24.8, Sn%.98-1.39.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例为本发明所述的从低品位铅锑锡危险废物中富集铅锑锡的方法另一个实例，包括以下步骤：This embodiment is another example of the method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste described in the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1)检测：对入炉原料进行分析，测定得到低品位铅锑锡危险废物的含铅量3.5％，锑4.1％，锡0.36％；(1) Detection: the raw materials into the furnace are analyzed, and the lead content of low-grade lead-antimony-tin hazardous waste is determined to be 3.5%, antimony 4.1%, and tin 0.36%;
(2)配煤粉：根据铅、锑、锡的低品位危废物料重量为33-34，配入8-11％的煤粉；(2) Coal powder blending: according to the weight of low-grade hazardous waste materials of lead, antimony and tin is 33-34, mix into 8-11% coal powder;
(3)配钙量：根据检测结果中SiO2、FeO、CaO的含量配入适量的氧化钙，按照Si：Fe＝1-1.5，Si：Ca＝1.5-2，用以造渣；(3) Calcium compounding amount: according to the content of SiO 2 , FeO, and CaO in the test results, add an appropriate amount of calcium oxide, according to Si:Fe=1-1.5, Si:Ca=1.5-2, to make slag;
(4)氧量控制：根据配入的物料的量计算，氧料比控制在85-95，确保粉煤的充分燃烧；核算粉煤及交互反应所需要氧气，通过工艺要求控制氧气给与量，氧气总量2400-3200m3/h,氧料比控制在85-95，确保粉煤充分燃烧反应，达到熔融冶炼温度，实现低品位危废物料吹炼富集铅、锑、锡的过程；(4) Oxygen control: Calculated according to the amount of materials added, the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 85-95 to ensure the full combustion of pulverized coal; calculate the oxygen required for pulverized coal and interactive reactions, and control the oxygen supply according to process requirements , the total amount of oxygen is 2400-3200m 3 /h, and the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 85-95 to ensure the pulverized coal is fully combusted and reacted to reach the melting and smelting temperature, and realize the process of blowing and enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous waste materials;
(5)吹炼时间：根据粉煤及氧量，吹炼时间控制在100min；(5) Blowing time: according to pulverized coal and oxygen content, the blowing time is controlled at 100min;
(6)氧化烟尘：通过吹入空气，在高温条件下将铅、锑、锡、以氧化烟尘的形式富集在收尘系统中，得到烟尘产量4.7-5.47吨，其中含Pb％20.34-21.71，Sb％21.02-24.84，Sn％1.00-1.41。(6) Oxidation soot: By blowing air, lead, antimony, tin, and oxidized soot are enriched in the dust collection system under high temperature conditions, and the soot output is 4.7-5.47 tons, which contains Pb% 20.34-21.71 , Sb% 21.02-24.84, Sn% 1.00-1.41.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例为本发明所述的从低品位铅锑锡危险废物中富集铅锑锡的方法另一个实例，包括以下步骤：This embodiment is another example of the method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste described in the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1)检测：对入炉原料进行分析，测定得到低品位铅锑锡危险废物的含铅量3.5％，锑4.1％，锡0.36％；(1) Detection: the raw materials into the furnace are analyzed, and the lead content of low-grade lead-antimony-tin hazardous waste is determined to be 3.5%, antimony 4.1%, and tin 0.36%;
(2)配煤粉：根据低品位铅锑锡危废物料的重量为33-34，配入8-11％的煤粉；(2) Blending coal powder: according to the weight of the low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste material is 33-34, mix into 8-11% coal powder;
(3)配钙量：根据检测结果中SiO2、FeO、CaO的含量配入适量的氧化钙，按照Si：Fe＝1-1.5，Si：Ca＝1.5-2，用以造渣；(3) Calcium compounding amount: according to the content of SiO 2 , FeO, and CaO in the test results, add an appropriate amount of calcium oxide, according to Si:Fe=1-1.5, Si:Ca=1.5-2, to make slag;
(4)氧量控制：根据配入的物料的量计算，氧料比控制在85-95，确保粉煤的充分燃烧；核算粉煤及交互反应所需要氧气，通过工艺要求控制氧气给与量，氧气总量2400-3200m3/h,氧料比控制在85-95，确保粉煤充分燃烧反应，达到熔融冶炼温度，实现低品位危废物料吹炼富集铅、锑、锡的过程；(4) Oxygen control: Calculated according to the amount of materials added, the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 85-95 to ensure the full combustion of pulverized coal; calculate the oxygen required for pulverized coal and interactive reactions, and control the oxygen supply according to process requirements , the total amount of oxygen is 2400-3200m 3 /h, and the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 85-95 to ensure the pulverized coal is fully combusted and reacted to reach the melting and smelting temperature, and realize the process of blowing and enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous waste materials;
(5)吹炼时间：根据粉煤及氧量，吹炼时间控制在110min；(5) Blowing time: according to pulverized coal and oxygen content, the blowing time is controlled at 110min;
(6)氧化烟尘：通过吹入空气，在高温条件下将铅、锑、锡、以氧化烟尘的形式富集在收尘系统中，得到烟尘产量4.8-5.56吨，其中含Pb％20.00-21.67；Sb％21.00-24.80；Sn％1.01-1.42。(6) Oxidation soot: By blowing air, lead, antimony, tin, and oxidized soot are enriched in the dust collection system under high temperature conditions, and the soot output is 4.8-5.56 tons, which contains Pb% 20.00-21.67 ; Sb% 21.00-24.80; Sn% 1.01-1.42.
实施例4Example 4
本实施例为本发明所述的从低品位铅锑锡危险废物中富集铅锑锡的方法另一个实例，包括以下步骤：This embodiment is another example of the method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste described in the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1)检测：对入炉原料进行分析，测定得到低品位铅锑锡危险废物的含铅量3.5％，锑4.1％，锡0.36％；(1) Detection: the raw materials into the furnace are analyzed, and the lead content of low-grade lead-antimony-tin hazardous waste is determined to be 3.5%, antimony 4.1%, and tin 0.36%;
(2)配煤粉：根据低品位铅锑锡危废物料的重量为33-34，配入8-11％的煤粉；(2) Blending coal powder: according to the weight of the low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste material is 33-34, mix into 8-11% coal powder;
(3)配钙量：根据检测结果中SiO2、FeO、CaO的含量配入适量的氧化钙，按照Si：Fe＝1-1.5，Si：Ca＝1.5-2，用以造渣；(3) Calcium compounding amount: according to the content of SiO 2 , FeO, and CaO in the test results, add an appropriate amount of calcium oxide, according to Si:Fe=1-1.5, Si:Ca=1.5-2, to make slag;
(4)氧量控制：根据配入的物料的量计算，氧料比控制在100-110，确保粉煤的充分燃烧；核算粉煤及交互反应所需要氧气，通过工艺要求控制氧气给与量，氧气总量2400-3200m3/h,氧料比控制在100-110，确保粉煤充分燃烧反应，达到熔融冶炼温度，实现低品位危废物料吹炼富集铅、锑、锡的过程；(4) Oxygen control: Calculated according to the amount of materials added, the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 100-110 to ensure the full combustion of pulverized coal; calculate the oxygen required for pulverized coal and interactive reaction, and control the oxygen supply according to the process requirements , the total amount of oxygen is 2400-3200m 3 /h, and the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 100-110 to ensure that the pulverized coal is fully combusted to reach the melting and smelting temperature, and to realize the process of blowing and enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous waste materials;
(5)吹炼时间：根据粉煤及氧量，吹炼时间控制在90min；(5) Blowing time: according to pulverized coal and oxygen content, the blowing time is controlled at 90 minutes;
(6)氧化烟尘：通过吹入空气，在高温条件下将铅、锑、锡、以氧化烟尘的形式富集在收尘系统中，得到烟尘产量4.7-5.36吨，其中含Pb％20.40-21.81；Sb％22.00-24.83；Sn％0.99-1.37。(6) Oxidation soot: By blowing air, lead, antimony, tin, and oxidized soot are enriched in the dust collection system under high temperature conditions, and the soot output is 4.7-5.36 tons, which contains Pb% 20.40-21.81 ; Sb% 22.00-24.83; Sn% 0.99-1.37.
实施例5Example 5
本实施例为本发明所述的从低品位铅锑锡危险废物中富集铅锑锡的方法另一个实例，包括以下步骤：This embodiment is another example of the method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste described in the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1)检测：对入炉原料进行分析，测定得到低品位铅锑锡危险废物的含铅量3.5％，锑4.1％，锡0.36％；(1) Detection: the raw materials into the furnace are analyzed, and the lead content of low-grade lead-antimony-tin hazardous waste is determined to be 3.5%, antimony 4.1%, and tin 0.36%;
(2)配煤粉：根据低品位铅锑锡危废物料的重量为33-34，配入8-11％的煤粉；(2) Blending coal powder: according to the weight of the low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste material is 33-34, mix into 8-11% coal powder;
(3)配钙量：根据检测结果中SiO2、FeO、CaO的含量配入适量的氧化钙，按照Si：Fe＝1-1.5，Si：Ca＝1.5-2，用以造渣；(3) Calcium compounding amount: according to the content of SiO 2 , FeO, and CaO in the test results, add an appropriate amount of calcium oxide, according to Si:Fe=1-1.5, Si:Ca=1.5-2, to make slag;
(4)氧量控制：根据配入的物料的量计算，氧料比控制在100-110，确保粉煤的充分燃烧；核算粉煤及交互反应所需要氧气，通过工艺要求控制氧气给与量，氧气总量2400-3200m3/h,氧料比控制在100-110，确保粉煤充分燃烧反应，达到熔融冶炼温度，实现低品位危废物料吹炼富集铅、锑、锡的过程；(4) Oxygen control: Calculated according to the amount of materials added, the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 100-110 to ensure the full combustion of pulverized coal; calculate the oxygen required for pulverized coal and interactive reaction, and control the oxygen supply according to the process requirements , the total amount of oxygen is 2400-3200m 3 /h, and the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 100-110 to ensure that the pulverized coal is fully combusted to reach the melting and smelting temperature, and to realize the process of blowing and enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous waste materials;
(5)吹炼时间：根据粉煤及氧量，吹炼时间控制在100min；(5) Blowing time: according to pulverized coal and oxygen content, the blowing time is controlled at 100min;
(6)氧化烟尘：通过吹入空气，在高温条件下将铅、锑、锡、以氧化烟尘的形式富集在收尘系统中，得到烟尘产量4.78-5.50吨，其中含Pb％20.38-21.78；Sb％22.03-24.82；Sn％1.02-1.40。(6) Oxidation fume: By blowing air, lead, antimony, tin, etc. are enriched in the dust collection system in the form of oxidation fume under high temperature conditions, and the dust production is 4.78-5.50 tons, which contains Pb% 20.38-21.78 ; Sb% 22.03-24.82; Sn% 1.02-1.40.
实施例6Example 6
本实施例为本发明所述的从低品位铅锑锡危险废物中富集铅锑锡的方法另一个实例，包括以下步骤：This embodiment is another example of the method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste described in the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1)检测：对入炉原料进行分析，测定得到低品位铅锑锡危险废物的含铅量3.5％，锑4.1％，锡0.36％；(1) Detection: the raw materials into the furnace are analyzed, and the lead content of low-grade lead-antimony-tin hazardous waste is determined to be 3.5%, antimony 4.1%, and tin 0.36%;
(2)配煤粉：根据低品位铅锑锡危废物料的重量为33-34，配入8-11％的煤粉；(2) Blending coal powder: according to the weight of the low-grade lead, antimony and tin hazardous waste material is 33-34, mix into 8-11% coal powder;
(3)配钙量：根据检测结果中SiO2、FeO、CaO的含量配入适量的氧化钙，按照Si：Fe＝1-1.5，Si：Ca＝1.5-2，用以造渣；(3) Calcium compounding amount: according to the content of SiO 2 , FeO, and CaO in the test results, add an appropriate amount of calcium oxide, according to Si:Fe=1-1.5, Si:Ca=1.5-2, to make slag;
(4)氧量控制：根据配入的物料的量计算，氧料比控制在100-110，确保粉煤的充分燃烧；核算粉煤及交互反应所需要氧气，通过工艺要求控制氧气给与量，氧气总量2400-3200m3/h,氧料比控制在100-110，确保粉煤充分燃烧反应，达到熔融冶炼温度，实现低品位危废物料吹炼富集铅、锑、锡的过程；(4) Oxygen control: Calculated according to the amount of materials added, the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 100-110 to ensure the full combustion of pulverized coal; calculate the oxygen required for pulverized coal and interactive reaction, and control the oxygen supply according to the process requirements , the total amount of oxygen is 2400-3200m 3 /h, and the ratio of oxygen to material is controlled at 100-110 to ensure that the pulverized coal is fully combusted to reach the melting and smelting temperature, and to realize the process of blowing and enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous waste materials;
(5)吹炼时间：根据粉煤及氧量，吹炼时间控制在110min；(5) Blowing time: according to pulverized coal and oxygen content, the blowing time is controlled at 110min;
(6)氧化烟尘：通过吹入空气，在高温条件下将铅、锑、锡、以氧化烟尘的形式富集在收尘系统中，得到烟尘产量4.83-5.61吨，其中含Pb％20.36-21.77；Sb％22.04-24.81；Sn％1.03-1.41。(6) Oxidation soot: By blowing air, lead, antimony, tin, and oxidized soot are enriched in the dust collection system under high temperature conditions, and the soot output is 4.83-5.61 tons, which contains Pb% 20.36-21.77 ; Sb% 22.04-24.81; Sn% 1.03-1.41.
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| CN101824544A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2010-09-08 | 池煊庆 | Comprehensive recovery method for smelted lead waste slag of blast furnace |
| CN112853104A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for treating copper-lead-tin-zinc-nickel-containing multi-metal industrial solid waste by oxygen-enriched side-blown chaotic stirring molten pool smelting furnace |
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| CN101824544A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2010-09-08 | 池煊庆 | Comprehensive recovery method for smelted lead waste slag of blast furnace |
| CN112853104A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for treating copper-lead-tin-zinc-nickel-containing multi-metal industrial solid waste by oxygen-enriched side-blown chaotic stirring molten pool smelting furnace |
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