CN115821046A - Method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous lead, antimony and tin waste - Google Patents
Method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous lead, antimony and tin waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN115821046A CN115821046A CN202211615233.3A CN202211615233A CN115821046A CN 115821046 A CN115821046 A CN 115821046A CN 202211615233 A CN202211615233 A CN 202211615233A CN 115821046 A CN115821046 A CN 115821046A
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Abstract
A method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous lead, antimony and tin waste comprises the following steps: (1) detection: analyzing the raw materials fed into the furnace, and measuring the contents of lead, antimony, tin, iron, silicon and calcium; (2) coal powder blending: according to the weight of low-grade hazardous waste materials of lead, antimony and tin, adding 25-33% of coal powder; (3) calcium content: and adding a proper amount of calcium oxide according to the contents of SiO2, feO and CaO in the detection result, so that the ratio of Si: fe is between 1 and 1.5, si: ca is between 1.5 and 2 for slagging; (4) oxygen amount control: according to the amount of the materials added, the oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 80-130, so that the pulverized coal is fully combusted; (5) converting time: the blowing time is controlled to be 90-110min; (6) oxidizing the smoke dust: blowing the generated lead, antimony and tin smoke; (7) reduction smelting: 17-19% of coke is added into the lead, antimony and tin smoke dust for reduction to obtain the lead, antimony and tin alloy. By adopting the method, metals such as lead, antimony, tin and the like can be enriched from low-grade hazardous waste residues.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting, in particular to a method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous lead, antimony and tin wastes.
Background
The main treatment methods of hazardous waste generally include: physical treatment, chemical treatment, biological treatment, curing/stabilizing treatment, and heat treatment. The traditional process for recycling the low-grade hazardous waste materials is based on lead concentrate or lead-antimony concentrate, burdening is carried out according to a concentrate smelting mode, and a small part of low-grade hazardous waste materials are carried at once. The existing method for recovering the low-grade hazardous waste material of lead, antimony and tin usually adopts a pyrometallurgical method, but has high recovery cost and poor economy due to low grade.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a method for enriching Pb, sb and Sn from low-grade hazardous Pb, sb and Sn wastes, which has good treatment effect and low recovery cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous lead, antimony and tin waste comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) detection: analyzing the raw materials fed into the furnace, and measuring the contents of lead, antimony, tin, iron, silicon and calcium;
(2) Preparing coal powder: according to the weight of low-grade hazardous waste materials of lead, antimony and tin, adding 25-33% of coal powder;
(3) Calcium content: according to SiO in the detection result 2 And proper amount of calcium oxide is added according to the content of FeO and CaO, and the weight ratio of the calcium oxide to the calcium oxide is determined according to the weight ratio of Si: fe =1-1.5, si: ca =1.5-2 for slag formation;
(4) Oxygen amount control: according to the amount of the added materials, the oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 80-130, so that the pulverized coal is fully combusted; accounting for oxygen required by the pulverized coal and the interactive reaction, controlling the oxygen supply and amount according to the process requirement, wherein the total oxygen amount is 2400-3200m 3 The oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 85-110, the pulverized coal is ensured to be fully combusted and reacted, the melting and smelting temperature is reached, and the process of enriching lead, antimony and tin by blowing low-grade hazardous waste materials is realized;
(5) Blowing time: controlling the blowing time to be 90-110min according to the amount of the pulverized coal and oxygen;
(6) Oxidizing smoke dust: by blowing air, lead, antimony, tin and oxide fume are enriched in the lead, antimony and tin under high temperature
In the dust collecting system, the main reaction equation in the melting state in the furnace is as follows:
Pb 2+ +CO+O 2- →Pb+CO 2
2Pb+O 2 → 2PbO (Smoke and dust)
Sn 4+ +CO+O 2- →Sn+CO 2
Sn+O 2 →SnO 2 (Smoke dust)
2Sb 3+ +3CO+3O 2- →2Sb+3CO 2
2Sb+3O 2 →2Sb 2 O 3 (Smoke dust)
(7) Reduction smelting: the oxidized smoke dust is granulated and sintered to form a sintered block with certain strength and porosity, and 17-19% of coke is added into the lead-antimony-tin smoke dust to enter a blast furnace for reduction smelting to obtain the lead-antimony-tin alloy.
The lead content in the low-grade hazardous lead-antimony-tin waste is 3.5%, antimony is 4.1%, and tin is 0.36%.
20.03-21.82% of Pb, 21.02-24.84% of Sb, 0.98-1.41% of Sn.
Except for other descriptions, the percentages are mass percentages, and the sum of the content percentages of all the components is 100%.
The invention has the outstanding advantages that:
the invention can realize the blowing and enrichment of lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous waste materials, so that the content of lead in the low-grade hazardous waste of lead, antimony and tin is 3.5 percent, the content of antimony is 4.1 percent and the content of tin is 0.36 percent, the content of Pb in the oxidized smoke dust is 20.03 to 21.82 percent, the content of Sb is 21.02 to 24.84 percent, the content of Sn is 0.98 to 1.41 percent, the content of lead and antimony is enriched by more than 5 times, and the content of tin is enriched by more than 2 to 3 times.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The example takes hazardous waste containing 3.5% of lead, 4.1% of antimony and 0.36% of tin as examples.
Example 1
This embodiment is an example of the method for enriching pb, sb, and sn from hazardous waste of low-grade pb, sb, and sn according to the present invention, and includes the following steps:
(1) And (3) detection: analyzing the raw materials entering the furnace, and determining to obtain the low-grade hazardous wastes of lead, antimony and tin, wherein the lead content is 3.5 percent, the antimony content is 4.1 percent, and the tin content is 0.36 percent;
(2) Preparing coal powder: adding 8-11% of coal powder according to the weight of the low-grade hazardous waste materials of lead, antimony and tin being 33-34;
(3) Calcium content: according to SiO in the detection result 2 And proper amount of calcium oxide is added according to the content of FeO and CaO, and the weight ratio of the calcium oxide to the calcium oxide is determined according to the weight ratio of Si: fe =1-1.5, si: ca =1.5-2 for slag formation;
(4) Oxygen amount control: the oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 85-90 according to the amount of the materials to be added, so that the oxygen-material ratio is ensuredFully burning the pulverized coal; accounting for oxygen required by the pulverized coal and the interactive reaction, controlling the oxygen supply and amount according to the process requirement, wherein the total oxygen amount is 2400-3200m 3 The oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 85-90, so that the pulverized coal is fully combusted and reacted, the melting and smelting temperature is reached, and the process of enriching lead, antimony and tin by blowing low-grade hazardous waste materials is realized;
(5) Blowing time: controlling the blowing time to be 90min according to the amount of the pulverized coal and oxygen;
(6) Oxidizing smoke dust: enriching lead, antimony, tin as oxidized fumes in the dust collecting system under high temperature conditions by blowing air, to obtain a fume yield of 4-5.4 tons, containing Pb% of 20.03-21.82, sb% of 21.58-24.8, sn% of 98-1.39.
Example 2
This example is another example of the method for enriching Pb, sb and Sn from hazardous waste of low-grade Pb, sb and Sn, which includes the following steps:
(1) And (3) detection: analyzing the raw materials entering the furnace, and determining to obtain the low-grade hazardous wastes of lead, antimony and tin, wherein the lead content is 3.5 percent, the antimony content is 4.1 percent, and the tin content is 0.36 percent;
(2) Preparing coal powder: adding 8-11% of coal powder according to the weight of the low-grade hazardous waste materials of lead, antimony and tin being 33-34;
(3) Calcium content: according to SiO in the detection result 2 And proper amount of calcium oxide is added according to the content of FeO and CaO, and the weight ratio of the calcium oxide to the calcium oxide is determined according to the weight ratio of Si: fe =1-1.5, si: ca =1.5-2 for slag formation;
(4) Oxygen amount control: the oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 85-95 according to the amount of the added materials, so that the pulverized coal is fully combusted; accounting for oxygen required by the pulverized coal and the interactive reaction, controlling the oxygen supply and amount according to the process requirement, wherein the total oxygen amount is 2400-3200m 3 The oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 85-95, the pulverized coal is ensured to be fully combusted and reacted, the melting and smelting temperature is reached, and the process of converting and enriching lead, antimony and tin by using low-grade hazardous waste materials is realized;
(5) Blowing time: controlling the blowing time to be 100min according to the amount of the pulverized coal and oxygen;
(6) Oxidizing smoke dust: lead, antimony, tin, as oxidized fumes, were enriched in the dust collecting system under high temperature conditions by blowing air, to obtain a fume yield of 4.7-5.47 tons, in which Pb% was 20.34-21.71, sb% was 21.02-24.84, sn% was 1.00-1.41.
Example 3
This example is another example of the method for enriching Pb, sb and Sn from hazardous waste of low-grade Pb, sb and Sn, which includes the following steps:
(1) And (3) detection: analyzing the raw materials fed into the furnace, and determining to obtain the low-grade hazardous wastes of lead, antimony and tin, wherein the lead content of the low-grade hazardous wastes of lead, antimony and tin is 3.5%, 4.1% and 0.36%;
(2) Preparing coal powder: adding 8-11% of coal powder according to the weight of 33-34 of the low-grade hazardous waste material of lead, antimony and tin;
(3) Calcium content: according to SiO in the detection result 2 And proper amount of calcium oxide is added according to the content of FeO and CaO, and the weight ratio of the calcium oxide to the calcium oxide is determined according to the weight ratio of Si: fe =1-1.5, si: ca =1.5-2 for slag formation;
(4) Oxygen amount control: the oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 85-95 according to the amount of the added materials, so that the pulverized coal is fully combusted; accounting for oxygen required by the pulverized coal and the interactive reaction, controlling the oxygen supply and amount according to the process requirement, wherein the total oxygen amount is 2400-3200m 3 The oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 85-95, the pulverized coal is ensured to be fully combusted and reacted, the melting and smelting temperature is reached, and the process of converting and enriching lead, antimony and tin by using low-grade hazardous waste materials is realized;
(5) Blowing time: controlling the blowing time to be 110min according to the amount of the pulverized coal and oxygen;
(6) Oxidizing smoke dust: lead, antimony, tin and oxidized smoke are enriched in a dust collecting system under the high-temperature condition by blowing air, so that the yield of the smoke is 4.8-5.56 tons, wherein the content of Pb is 20.00-21.67 percent; sb% of 21.00-24.80; sn% is 1.01-1.42.
Example 4
This example is another example of the method for enriching pb, sb, and sn from hazardous waste of low grade pb, sb, and sn according to the present invention, which comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) detection: analyzing the raw materials entering the furnace, and determining to obtain the low-grade hazardous wastes of lead, antimony and tin, wherein the lead content is 3.5 percent, the antimony content is 4.1 percent, and the tin content is 0.36 percent;
(2) Preparing coal powder: adding 8-11% of coal powder according to the weight of 33-34 of the low-grade hazardous waste material of lead, antimony and tin;
(3) Calcium content: according to SiO in the detection result 2 And proper amount of calcium oxide is added according to the content of FeO and CaO, and the weight ratio of the calcium oxide to the calcium oxide is determined according to the weight ratio of Si: fe =1-1.5, si: ca =1.5-2 for slag formation;
(4) Oxygen amount control: the oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 100-110 according to the amount of the added materials, so that the pulverized coal is fully combusted; accounting for oxygen required by the pulverized coal and the interactive reaction, controlling the oxygen supply and amount according to the process requirement, wherein the total oxygen amount is 2400-3200m 3 The oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 100-110, so that the pulverized coal is fully combusted and reacted, the melting and smelting temperature is reached, and the process of enriching lead, antimony and tin by blowing low-grade hazardous waste materials is realized;
(5) Blowing time: controlling the blowing time to be 90min according to the amounts of the pulverized coal and oxygen;
(6) Oxidizing smoke dust: lead, antimony, tin and oxide smoke are enriched in a dust collecting system under the high-temperature condition by blowing air, so that the yield of the smoke is 4.7-5.36 tons, and the content of Pb is 20.40-21.81; sb%22.00-24.83; sn% is 0.99-1.37.
Example 5
This example is another example of the method for enriching pb, sb, and sn from hazardous waste of low grade pb, sb, and sn according to the present invention, which comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) detection: analyzing the raw materials entering the furnace, and determining to obtain the low-grade hazardous wastes of lead, antimony and tin, wherein the lead content is 3.5 percent, the antimony content is 4.1 percent, and the tin content is 0.36 percent;
(2) Preparing coal powder: adding 8-11% of coal powder according to the weight of 33-34 of the low-grade hazardous waste material of lead, antimony and tin;
(3) Calcium content: according to SiO in the detection result 2 And proper amount of calcium oxide is added according to the content of FeO and CaO, and the weight ratio of the calcium oxide to the calcium oxide is determined according to the weight ratio of Si: fe =1-1.5, si: ca =1.5-2 for slag formation;
(4) Oxygen amount control: the oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 100-110 according to the amount of the added materials, so that the pulverized coal is fully combusted; accounting for oxygen required by the pulverized coal and the interactive reaction, controlling the oxygen supply and amount according to the process requirement, wherein the total oxygen amount is 2400-3200m 3 Oxygen/h, oxygen/feed ratio controlAt 100-110, ensuring the pulverized coal to be fully combusted and reacted to reach the melting smelting temperature, and realizing the process of converting and enriching lead, antimony and tin by low-grade hazardous waste materials;
(5) Blowing time: controlling the blowing time to be 100min according to the amounts of the pulverized coal and oxygen;
(6) Oxidizing smoke dust: lead, antimony, tin and oxide smoke are enriched in a dust collecting system under the high-temperature condition by blowing air, so that the yield of the smoke is 4.78-5.50 tons, wherein the content of Pb is 20.38-21.78; sb% is 22.03-24.82; sn% is 1.02-1.40.
Example 6
This example is another example of the method for enriching Pb, sb and Sn from hazardous waste of low-grade Pb, sb and Sn, which includes the following steps:
(1) And (3) detection: analyzing the raw materials entering the furnace, and determining to obtain the low-grade hazardous wastes of lead, antimony and tin, wherein the lead content is 3.5 percent, the antimony content is 4.1 percent, and the tin content is 0.36 percent;
(2) Preparing coal powder: adding 8-11% of coal powder according to the weight of 33-34 of the low-grade hazardous waste material of lead, antimony and tin;
(3) Calcium content: according to SiO in the detection result 2 And proper amount of calcium oxide is added according to the content of FeO and CaO, and the weight ratio of the calcium oxide to the calcium oxide is determined according to the weight ratio of Si: fe =1-1.5, si: ca =1.5-2 for slag formation;
(4) Oxygen amount control: the oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 100-110 according to the amount of the added materials, so that the pulverized coal is fully combusted; accounting for oxygen required by the pulverized coal and the interactive reaction, controlling the oxygen supply and amount according to the process requirement, wherein the total oxygen amount is 2400-3200m 3 The oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 100-110, so that the pulverized coal is fully combusted and reacted, the melting and smelting temperature is reached, and the process of enriching lead, antimony and tin by blowing low-grade hazardous waste materials is realized;
(5) Blowing time: controlling the blowing time to be 110min according to the amount of the pulverized coal and oxygen;
(6) Oxidizing smoke dust: lead, antimony, tin and oxidized smoke are enriched in a dust collecting system under the high-temperature condition by blowing air, so that the yield of the smoke is 4.83-5.61 tons, wherein the content of Pb is 20.36-21.77; sb% is 22.04-24.81; sn% is 1.03-1.41.
Claims (3)
1. A method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous lead, antimony and tin wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) And (3) detection: analyzing the raw materials fed into the furnace, and measuring the contents of lead, antimony, tin, iron, silicon and calcium;
(2) Preparing coal powder: according to the weight of low-grade hazardous waste materials of lead, antimony and tin, adding 25-33% of coal powder;
(3) Calcium content: according to SiO in the detection result 2 And proper amount of calcium oxide is added according to the content of FeO and CaO, and the weight ratio of the calcium oxide to the calcium oxide is determined according to the weight ratio of Si: fe =1-1.5, si: ca =1.5-2 for slag formation;
(4) Oxygen amount control: according to the amount of the added materials, the oxygen-material ratio is controlled to be 80-130, so that the pulverized coal is fully combusted;
(5) Blowing time: the blowing time is controlled to be 90-110min;
(6) Oxidizing smoke dust: lead, antimony, tin and oxide smoke are enriched in a dust collecting system under the high-temperature condition by blowing air, and the main reaction equation under the melting state in a furnace is as follows:
Pb 2+ +CO+O 2- →Pb+CO 2
2Pb+O 2 → 2PbO (Smoke and dust)
Sn 4+ +CO+O 2- →Sn+CO 2
Sn+O 2 →SnO 2 (Smoke dust)
2Sb 3+ +3CO+3O 2- →2Sb+3CO 2
2Sb+3O 2 →2Sb 2 O 3 (Smoke dust)
(7) Reduction smelting: the oxidized smoke dust is granulated and sintered to form a sintered block with certain strength and porosity, and 17-19% of coke is added into the lead-antimony-tin smoke dust to enter a blast furnace for reduction smelting to obtain the lead-antimony-tin alloy.
2. The method for enriching Pb, sb and Sn from the dangerous waste of low-grade Pb, sb and Sn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dangerous waste of low-grade Pb, sb and Sn contains Pb 3.5%, sb 4.1% and Sn 0.36%.
3. The process for enriching Pb, sb, sn from low-grade Pb, sb, sn hazardous waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oxidizing smoke dust contains Pb%20.03-21.82, sb%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211615233.3A CN115821046A (en) | 2022-12-15 | 2022-12-15 | Method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous lead, antimony and tin waste |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211615233.3A CN115821046A (en) | 2022-12-15 | 2022-12-15 | Method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous lead, antimony and tin waste |
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| CN115821046A true CN115821046A (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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| CN202211615233.3A Pending CN115821046A (en) | 2022-12-15 | 2022-12-15 | Method for enriching lead, antimony and tin from low-grade hazardous lead, antimony and tin waste |
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