CN112941341A - Antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method - Google Patents
Antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B30/00—Obtaining antimony, arsenic or bismuth
- C22B30/02—Obtaining antimony
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B30/00—Obtaining antimony, arsenic or bismuth
- C22B30/04—Obtaining arsenic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
A antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing at least one of stibnite and jamesonite with antimony-containing gold ore, grinding and drying to obtain a pretreated mineral aggregate; (2) mixing the pretreated mineral aggregate and a fluxing agent, feeding the mixture into a smelting furnace, and introducing oxygen-enriched air for heating and smelting to obtain high-temperature arsenic-antimony flue gas and precious metal slag; (3) carrying out fractional condensation treatment on the high-temperature arsenic-antimony flue gas to respectively obtain antimony and arsenic flue gas; (4) adding noble metal furnace slag and metallic lead into a smelting furnace, blowing air for reduction smelting, and trapping noble metals by lead to obtain noble lead and tailings for trapping noble metals; (5) and (3) carrying out vacuum distillation treatment on the precious lead which collects the precious metals to obtain precious metal phases and lead steam, and carrying out condensation treatment on the lead steam to obtain lead powder. The invention realizes the synergistic smelting of the noble metal and the antimony, can respectively recover the antimony and the noble metal, and has high recovery rate of the antimony and the noble metal gold and silver.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for treating antimony ore.
Background
The antimony-bearing mineral in nature can reach more than 120, but only a few sulfide ores are used as raw materials for antimony smelting, and antimony white and metallic antimony are mainly produced by smelting stibnite and jamesonite in the current industrial practice. The antimony sulfide ore treatment process is divided into a fire process and a wet process, stibnite is mainly reduced by a blast furnace volatilization smelting-reverberatory furnace, and the process can generate low-concentration sulfur dioxide pollution; the coke rate of the blast furnace is higher, so that the energy consumption is high; the reverberatory furnace process has low heat efficiency, large volatilization amount of antimony oxide powder and low direct recovery rate of antimony. The jamesonite mainly adopts a smelting process of fluidized bed furnace roasting, calcine burdening sintering, blast furnace reduction smelting, blowing smelting and refining, the process can also generate serious low-concentration sulfur dioxide pollution, and has the advantages of high energy consumption, long process flow, more returned materials and low recovery rate of main metals of antimony and lead and valuable associated metals. Therefore, the antimony sulfide ore treated by the traditional process cannot meet the production requirements of enterprises. With the increasing importance of the country on environmental protection, the development of clean and efficient smelting process is very urgent.
Patent document CN101935766B discloses a bottom-blowing molten pool smelting method of jamesonite lead-antimony concentrate, in which a bottom-blowing oxidation furnace is used for oxidation and desulfurization, lead and antimony mainly enter antimony-containing high-lead slag in the form of oxides, then the lead and antimony are reduced and blown by a bottom-blowing smelting furnace to respectively obtain crude lead and antimony-containing smoke dust, and part of lead-antimony alloy is separated by an electric heating fore-bed and then returns to the bottom-blowing oxidation furnace. Although the process solves the problem of acid making, metal lead and antimony are mainly generated in two procedures of bottom blowing reduction smelting and electric heating fore-hearth, the reducing agent is consumed greatly by multiple oxidation reduction of the metal in the smelting process, the energy consumption is high, and the gold and silver which are noble metals are all lost in slag.
Patent document CN106756089A discloses a process for producing lead-antimony alloy by one-step oxygen-enriched direct smelting of jamesonite concentrate, which is based on the oxygen-enriched direct smelting process of jamesonite concentrate, and realizes the purpose of producing lead-antimony alloy by one-step smelting by controlling the oxygen concentration, oxygen-material ratio, smelting temperature and slag phase composition of oxygen-enriched gas in the smelting process. However, the smelting temperature of the process reaches 1200 ℃, antimony oxide is very volatile at the temperature, and main metal is lost in smoke dust.
Patent document CN108004421A discloses an oxygen-enriched pool smelting treatment method for stibnite, which comprises blowing oxygen-enriched air into an oxygen-enriched pool, mixing stibnite material with alumina waste red mud, lime and reducing agent, feeding into the oxygen-enriched pool for oxygen-enriched reduction smelting to obtain antimony oxide with antimony content up to 86%, controlling the temperature in the pool at 990-; collecting the flue gas containing sulfur dioxide discharged from the top of the oxygen-enriched molten pool, recycling waste heat, purifying and dedusting the flue gas, sending the flue gas into a sulfuric acid workshop for acid making, granulating the collected smoke dust and waste residues, and returning the granulated smoke dust and waste residues to the oxygen-enriched molten pool for oxygen-enriched reduction. The technology also has the volatilization of antimony oxide, and the gold and silver which are noble metals are lost in the slag.
From the above analysis, the prior art has problems of low antimony recovery rate and serious precious metal loss when an oxygen-enriched smelting process is adopted for antimony ore, and therefore, development of a method for recovering antimony ore with high antimony recovery rate and high precious metal recovery rate is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects and shortcomings in the background technology and provide a antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method which is high in antimony recovery rate, high in antimony-arsenic efficient clean separation and high in gold-silver recovery rate. In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing at least one of stibnite and jamesonite with antimony-containing gold ore, grinding and drying to obtain a pretreated mineral aggregate; the drying process can be carried out in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 60 min;
(2) mixing the pretreated mineral aggregate obtained in the step (1) with a fluxing agent, feeding the mixture into a smelting furnace (a lifting crucible resistance furnace), and introducing oxygen-enriched air to heat and smelt to obtain high-temperature arsenic-antimony flue gas and precious metal slag;
(3) carrying out fractional condensation treatment on the high-temperature arsenic-antimony flue gas obtained in the step (2) to respectively obtain antimony and arsenic flue gas; the remaining SO2The flue gas is sent to a sulfuric acid workshop for preparing acid or is sent to a desulfurization workshop for desulfurization and then is exhausted;
(4) adding the noble metal slag obtained in the step (2) and metal lead (200 meshes) into a smelting furnace (a lifting crucible resistance furnace), blowing air for reduction smelting, and trapping noble metal through lead to obtain noble lead and tailings for trapping noble metal;
(5) and (4) carrying out vacuum distillation treatment on the precious lead which is obtained in the step (4) and collects the precious metals to obtain a precious metal phase and lead steam, carrying out condensation treatment on the lead steam to obtain lead powder, and carrying out separation and purification on the precious metal phase to obtain multiple single precious metals (such as gold, silver, platinum and palladium).
In the above-mentioned antimony-gold complex resource co-smelting method, preferably, the stibnite contains Sb, S, SiO2And Fe, and the mass content of Sb is more than 15 wt%; the antimony-containing gold ore contains Sb, Fe and SiO2S and Al2O3The mass content of Sb is less than 5 wt%, the mass content of Au is 5-100g/t, and the mass content of Ag is 10-1000 g/t; the jamesonite contains Pb, Sb, S and Fe, and the mass content of Sb is more than 10 wt%.
In the above antimony-gold complex resource co-smelting method, preferably, the mass content of Sb in the pretreated mineral aggregate is controlled to be more than 5 wt%, the mass content of Au is controlled to be more than 5g/t, and the mass content of Ag is controlled to be more than 15 g/t. The antimony-containing gold ore can improve the gold content in the processing raw materials, if single antimony-containing gold ore is used, antimony is lost during smelting, the economic benefit is too low for smelting antimony, and if the antimony-containing gold ore is added into the antimony ore adopted in the existing antimony smelting process, the antimony and gold contents can be improved, and the antimony ore and the gold ore are smelted in one process. Compared with single ore, the pretreated ore material obtained by mixing various antimony ores and gold ores can achieve the effect of high content of antimony and precious metals, and is beneficial to simultaneously recovering the antimony and the precious metals. More preferably, the pretreated mineral aggregate is obtained by mixing stibnite, jamesonite and stibnite, the stibnite has higher gold content, the stibnite has higher antimony content, the jamesonite has certain lead, precious metals can be firstly collected once in the first step, and the lead has stronger collection effect on the precious metals than the stibnite, so that the loss of the precious metals in slag can be reduced.
In the above antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method, preferably, the fluxing agent is quicklime, iron ore and quartz sand, and the addition amount of the fluxing agent is controlled so as to control the slag form of the noble metal slag to be FeO-SiO2CaO, FeO 20-50 wt%, SiO2The mass content of the CaO is 20-30%, and the mass content of the CaO is 10-20%.
In the above antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method, preferably, the volume concentration of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is 30-80%, and the flow rate of the oxygen-enriched air is controlled to be 100-300m3/s。
In the above antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method, preferably, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 900-.
In the above antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method, preferably, the step-by-step condensation treatment includes dividing and condensing in two steps to recover arsenic and antimony fumes respectively by controlling the condensation temperature, controlling the first-step condensation temperature to 350-. Through the first condensation, the recovery rate of antimony in the flue gas reaches more than 98%, and through the second step of quenching, the recovery rate of arsenic in the flue gas reaches more than 95%. According to the invention, by utilizing the difference of the condensation temperatures of antimony and arsenic, antimony and arsenic in the flue gas can be efficiently separated, and the subsequent purification process of antimony is reduced.
In the above antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method, preferably, the metal lead is added while the coal powder is added, and the mass ratio of the noble metal slag, the metal lead and the coal powder is controlled to be 1: (0.1-0.5): (0.05-0.5). The dosage of the lead powder is determined according to the effect of recovering gold and silver by lead smelting, and the lead dosage is suitable for having good effect of trapping gold and silver. The coal powder is added as a heat source and a reducing agent, and the adding amount of the coal powder needs to be accurately controlled.
In the above antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method, preferably, the smelting temperature is controlled to be 1000-.
In the above antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method, preferably, the content of gold and silver in the tailings is less than 1 g/t.
In the above antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method, preferably, the precious metal slag is reduced and smelted by using hot slag obtained after smelting in an oxygen-rich molten pool.
In the above antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method, preferably, the vacuum degree is controlled to be 0-25Pa, the distillation temperature is 750-.
In the above antimony-gold complex resource co-smelting method, preferably, the lead powder obtained in the step (5) is returned to the step (4) to be reused as metallic lead.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, at least one of stibnite and jamesonite is mixed with the stibnite gold ore and then oxygen-enriched smelting is carried out, so that the pretreated ore material is rich in stibium and precious metals, precious metals gold and silver enter slag, the stibium is subjected to smoke in the form of oxides, and the synergistic effect of various minerals is realized, so that the precious metals and stibium are smelted in a synergistic manner, the stibium and the precious metals are effectively separated, the stibium and the precious metals can be respectively recovered, the recovery rate of the stibium and the precious metals gold and silver is high, the smelting process is an economical and efficient smelting process, and the smelting process has a good application prospect.
2. The invention realizes the separation and clean recovery of arsenic and antimony by treating the high-temperature arsenic and antimony flue gas through fractional condensation.
3. According to the invention, rare and precious metals such as gold and silver enter a slag phase through oxygen-enriched melting bath smelting, metal lead is added into the slag in the reduction smelting process, and the metal lead is used as a circulating medium, so that the precious metals such as gold and silver in the precious metal slag are efficiently recovered.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the antimony-containing gold ore and the stibnite to 200 meshes, and drying the ground antimony-containing gold ore and the stibnite for 60min at 60 ℃ in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a pretreated mineral aggregate, wherein the usage of the antimony-containing gold ore and the stibnite controls 23.4% (mass content), 20.07g/t gold and 50.49g/t silver in the pretreated mineral aggregate;
(2) 600g of the pretreated mineral aggregate, 30g of quicklime, 80g of iron ore and 20g of quartz sand are fed into a lifting crucible resistance furnace to be smelted in an oxygen-enriched molten pool, and the smelting raw material composition table is shown in Table 1. By adjusting the experimental parameters, the oxygen concentration in the oxygen-enriched gas is 50 percent, and the oxygen flow is 150m3The melting temperature of a melting pool is 1100 ℃, the melting time of the melting pool is 50min, and high-temperature arsenic-antimony smoke and noble metal slag are obtained;
(3) controlling the condensation temperature to be divided into two steps of condensation to respectively recover arsenic and antimony from the high-temperature arsenic-antimony flue gas, controlling the condensation temperature of the first step to be 410 ℃ to recover antimony, and controlling the condensation of the second step to adopt a quenching mode, wherein the condensation temperature is 110 ℃ to recover arsenic;
(4) cooling and grinding the noble metal slag (grinding to 200 meshes), drying in a vacuum drying oven at 50 ℃ for 40min, and mixing with metallic lead (200 meshes) and coal powder according to the mass ratio of slag, lead powder and coal powder of 1: 0.1: 0.05, putting the mixture into a resistance furnace of a lifting crucible after uniform mixing, introducing air, controlling the reaction temperature to be 1100 ℃, and obtaining noble lead and tailings for trapping noble metals through reduction smelting;
(5) and (3) putting the precious lead trapping the precious metals into a vacuum distillation furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be 10Pa and the distillation temperature to be 850 ℃, distilling for 40min, processing to obtain precious metal phases and lead vapor, and returning the lead vapor serving as a circulating medium to be recycled in the step (4) after condensation processing.
Through determination, in the embodiment, the oxygen-enriched smelting obtains 2.04 wt% of antimony and 113.8g/t of gold and silver in the precious metal slag, and the content of gold and silver in the tailings after the lead smelting is 0.77 g/t; the recovery rate of antimony is 98%, and the recovery rate of gold and silver is 98.9%.
Table 1: ingredient list of melting raw material in example 1
Example 2:
as shown in figure 1, the antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the antimony-containing gold ore and the jamesonite (grinding to 200 meshes) and then drying the ground antimony-containing gold ore and the jamesonite in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 60min to obtain a pretreated mineral aggregate, wherein the usage of the antimony-containing gold ore and the jamesonite controls 8.92% of antimony, 19.24g/t of gold and 373.4g/t of silver in the pretreated mineral aggregate;
(2) 900g of the pretreated mineral aggregate, 45g of quicklime, 120g of iron ore and 30g of quartz sand are fed into a lifting crucible resistance furnace to be smelted in an oxygen-enriched molten pool, and the smelting raw material composition table is shown in Table 2. By adjusting the experimental parameters, the oxygen concentration in the oxygen-enriched gas is 55 percent, and the oxygen flow is 200m3The melting temperature of a melting pool is 1200 ℃, the melting time of the melting pool is 50min, and high-temperature arsenic-antimony smoke and noble metal slag are obtained;
(3) controlling the condensation temperature to be divided into two steps of condensation to respectively recover arsenic and antimony from the high-temperature arsenic-antimony flue gas, controlling the condensation temperature of the first step to be 400 ℃ to recover antimony, and controlling the condensation of the second step to adopt a quenching mode, wherein the condensation temperature is 100 ℃ to recover arsenic;
(4) cooling and grinding the noble metal slag (grinding to 200 meshes), drying in a vacuum drying oven at 50 ℃ for 40min, and mixing with metallic lead (200 meshes) and coal powder according to the mass ratio of slag, lead powder and coal powder of 1: 0.2: 0.08, uniformly mixing, putting into a lifting crucible resistance furnace, introducing air, controlling the reaction temperature to be 1200 ℃, and carrying out reduction smelting to obtain noble lead and tailings for trapping noble metals;
(5) and (3) putting the precious lead trapping the precious metals into a vacuum distillation furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be 5Pa and the distillation temperature to be 900 ℃, distilling for 40min, processing to obtain precious metal phases and lead vapor, and returning the lead vapor serving as a circulating medium to be recycled in the step (4) after condensation processing.
Through determination, in the embodiment, the oxygen-enriched smelting obtains that the precious metal slag contains 1.85 wt% of antimony and 475.9g/t of gold and silver, and in the tailings after the lead smelting, the content of gold and silver is 0.82g/t, the recovery rate of antimony is 97%, and the recovery rate of gold and silver is 99.6%.
Table 2: melting Material composition Table in example 2
Example 3:
as shown in figure 1, the antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the antimony-containing gold ore (grinding to 200 meshes), and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 60min to obtain a pretreated mineral aggregate, wherein the pretreated mineral aggregate contains 3.82% of antimony, 39.42g/t of gold and 99.21g/t of silver;
(2) 800g of the pretreated mineral aggregate, 50g of quicklime, 70g of iron ore and 30g of quartz sand are fed into a lifting crucible resistance furnace to be smelted in an oxygen-enriched molten pool, and the smelting raw material composition table is shown in Table 3. By adjusting the experimental parameters, the oxygen concentration in the oxygen-enriched gas is 60 percent, and the oxygen flow is 250m3The melting temperature of a melting pool is 1250 ℃, the melting time of the melting pool is 50min, and high-temperature arsenic-antimony smoke and noble metal slag are obtained;
(3) controlling the condensation temperature to be divided into two steps of condensation to respectively recover arsenic and antimony from the high-temperature arsenic-antimony flue gas, controlling the condensation temperature of the first step to be 390 ℃ to recover antimony, and controlling the condensation of the second step to adopt a quenching mode, wherein the condensation temperature is 100 ℃ to recover arsenic;
(4) cooling and grinding the noble metal slag (grinding to 200 meshes), drying in a vacuum drying oven at 50 ℃ for 40min, and mixing with metallic lead (200 meshes) and coal powder according to the mass ratio of slag, lead powder and coal powder of 1: 0.15: 0.1, uniformly mixing, putting into a lifting crucible resistance furnace, introducing air, controlling the reaction temperature to 1250 ℃, and obtaining noble lead and tailings for trapping noble metals through reduction smelting;
(5) and (3) putting the precious lead trapping the precious metals into a vacuum distillation furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be 5Pa and the distillation temperature to be 950 ℃, distilling for 40min, processing to obtain precious metal phases and lead vapor, and returning the lead vapor serving as a circulating medium to be recycled in the step (4) after condensation processing.
According to determination, in the embodiment, the precious metal slag obtained by oxygen-enriched smelting contains 2.2 wt% of antimony and 178.04g/t of gold and silver, and in the tailings after lead smelting, the content of gold and silver is 2.95g/t, the recovery rate of antimony is 95%, and the recovery rate of gold and silver is 97.8%.
Table 3: melting Material composition Table in example 3
Example 4:
as shown in figure 1, the antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the antimony-containing gold ore, the stibnite and the jamesonite (grinding to 200 meshes), and drying for 60min at 60 ℃ in a vacuum drying oven to obtain a pretreated mineral aggregate, wherein the usage of the antimony-containing gold ore, the stibnite and the jamesonite controls the content of antimony in the pretreated mineral aggregate to be 15.54%, 10.12g/t of gold and 196.45g/t of silver;
(2) 800g of the pretreated mineral aggregate, 40g of quicklime, 60g of iron ore and 25g of quartz sand are fed into a lifting crucible resistance furnace to be smelted in an oxygen-enriched molten pool, and the smelting raw material composition table is shown in Table 3. By adjusting the experimental parameters, the oxygen concentration in the oxygen-enriched gas is 60 percent, and the oxygen flow is 250m3The melting temperature of a melting pool is 1250 ℃, the melting time of the melting pool is 50min, and high-temperature arsenic-antimony smoke and noble metal slag are obtained;
(3) controlling the condensation temperature to be divided into two steps of condensation to respectively recover arsenic and antimony from the high-temperature arsenic-antimony flue gas, controlling the condensation temperature of the first step to be 390 ℃ to recover antimony, and controlling the condensation of the second step to adopt a quenching mode, wherein the condensation temperature is 100 ℃ to recover arsenic;
(4) cooling and grinding the noble metal slag (grinding to 200 meshes), drying in a vacuum drying oven at 50 ℃ for 40min, and mixing with metallic lead (200 meshes) and coal powder according to the mass ratio of slag, lead powder and coal powder of 1: 0.15: 0.1, uniformly mixing, putting into a lifting crucible resistance furnace, introducing air, controlling the reaction temperature to 1250 ℃, and obtaining noble lead and tailings for trapping noble metals through reduction smelting;
(5) and (3) putting the precious lead trapping the precious metals into a vacuum distillation furnace, controlling the vacuum degree to be 5Pa and the distillation temperature to be 950 ℃, distilling for 40min, processing to obtain precious metal phases and lead vapor, and returning the lead vapor serving as a circulating medium to be recycled in the step (4) after condensation processing.
According to the determination, in the embodiment, the precious metal slag obtained by oxygen-enriched smelting contains 1.6 wt% of antimony and 297.8g/t of gold and silver, and the tailings after lead smelting contain 0.65g/t of gold and silver, the recovery rate of antimony is 99%, and the recovery rate of gold and silver is 99.6%.
Table 4: melting Material composition Table in example 4
Claims (10)
1. The antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing at least one of stibnite and jamesonite with antimony-containing gold ore, grinding and drying to obtain a pretreated mineral aggregate;
(2) mixing the pretreated mineral aggregate obtained in the step (1) with a fluxing agent, feeding the mixture into a smelting furnace, introducing oxygen-enriched air, and heating and smelting to obtain high-temperature arsenic-antimony flue gas and precious metal slag;
(3) carrying out fractional condensation treatment on the high-temperature arsenic-antimony flue gas obtained in the step (2) to respectively obtain antimony and arsenic flue gas;
(4) adding the noble metal slag and metallic lead obtained in the step (2) into a smelting furnace, blowing air for reduction smelting, and trapping noble metals by lead to obtain noble lead and tailings for trapping noble metals;
(5) and (4) carrying out vacuum distillation treatment on the precious lead which is obtained in the step (4) and collects the precious metals to obtain a precious metal phase and lead vapor, and carrying out condensation treatment on the lead vapor to obtain lead powder.
2. The antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method according to claim 1, wherein the stibnite comprises Sb, S and SiO2And Fe, and the mass content of Sb is more than 15 wt%; the antimony-containing gold ore contains Sb, Fe and SiO2S and Al2O3And of SbThe mass content is less than 5 wt%, the mass content of Au is 5-100g/t, and the mass content of Ag is 10-1000 g/t; the jamesonite contains Pb, Sb, S and Fe, and the mass content of Sb is more than 10 wt%.
3. The antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass content of Sb in the pretreated mineral aggregate is controlled to be more than 5 wt%, the mass content of Au is controlled to be more than 5g/t, and the mass content of Ag is controlled to be more than 15 g/t.
4. The antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method according to claim 1, wherein the fluxing agent is quicklime, iron ore and quartz sand, and the addition amount of the fluxing agent is controlled so as to control the slag form of the precious metal slag to be FeO-SiO2CaO, FeO 20-50 wt%, SiO2The mass content of the CaO is 20-30%, and the mass content of the CaO is 10-20%.
5. The antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method according to claim 1, wherein the volume concentration of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is 30-80%, the flow rate of the oxygen-enriched air is controlled to be 100-300m3/s。
6. The cooperative smelting method of antimony-gold complex resources as recited in claim 1, wherein the smelting temperature is controlled to 900-.
7. The cooperative smelting method for antimony-gold complex resources as recited in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the fractional condensation treatment comprises dividing and condensing in two steps to recover arsenic and antimony fumes respectively by controlling the condensation temperature, controlling the first condensation temperature to 350-420 ℃ to recover antimony, and controlling the second condensation to use a quenching method, wherein the condensation temperature is 100-120 ℃ to recover arsenic.
8. The antimony-gold complex resource collaborative smelting method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that coal dust is also added when the metallic lead is added, and the mass ratio of the noble metal slag, the metallic lead and the coal dust is controlled to be 1: (0.1-0.5): (0.05-0.5).
9. The antimony-gold complex resource co-smelting method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the smelting temperature is controlled to be 1000-1300 ℃ during the reduction smelting.
10. The antimony-gold complex resource co-smelting method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the vacuum degree during vacuum distillation is controlled to be 0-25Pa, the distillation temperature is 750-950 ℃, and the distillation time is 40-60 min.
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