CN115819865A - Medium-voltage cable and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents
Medium-voltage cable and manufacturing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115819865A CN115819865A CN202211485221.3A CN202211485221A CN115819865A CN 115819865 A CN115819865 A CN 115819865A CN 202211485221 A CN202211485221 A CN 202211485221A CN 115819865 A CN115819865 A CN 115819865A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
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- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a medium voltage cable and a manufacturing process thereof, wherein the medium voltage cable comprises a wire core conductor, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer, the conductor shielding layer, the insulating shielding layer and the insulating layer respectively adopt unique formulas, the formula design is reasonable, and the components have comprehensive effects, so that the cable has excellent electric shielding performance, excellent electric conductivity, high radiation resistance, mechanical performance and the like. The preparation process adopts a three-layer co-extrusion process, and the reasonable design of the screw structure and the extrusion parameters can solve the problems of large glue yield and difficult thickness reduction in the prior art so as to realize the control of the thickness of each layer of the cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cables and manufacturing thereof, and particularly relates to a medium-voltage cable and a manufacturing process thereof.
Background
At present, manufacturers for producing medium-voltage cables at home adopt a catenary crosslinking production process, two-layer coextrusion or three-layer coextrusion is adopted for medium-voltage cable insulation above 3.6/6kV and below 26/35kV, the insulation thickness of crosslinked polyethylene in I EC60502 and GB/T1270 is regulated to be at least 2.0mm, and the production thickness of conductor shielding layers and insulation shielding layers is not less than 0.6mm. However, at present, due to the consideration of the main market, most domestic cable enterprises adopt a minimum configuration of three-layer co-extrusion equipment of phi 65+ phi 150+ phi 90, which lacks the market coping capability and the flexibility of product setting, the thickness of a semi-conductive shielding layer or an insulating shielding layer is required to be lower than 0.5mm, and it is required to ensure that an insulation layer and a sheath are co-extruded, when the three-layer co-extrusion equipment is adopted for production, due to the limitation of the section range of the extrusion equipment, the medium-pressure three-layer co-extrusion equipment has the characteristics of high speed and high pressure, which causes large amount of extrusion glue and difficult thickness reduction, and if the equipment is added separately, the production cost is increased and unnecessary resource waste is caused.
And the insulation and shielding materials of the medium-voltage cable adopted in the market do not consider the functions of radiation resistance, thermal aging resistance and electrical aging, and can not fully meet the performance requirements of new fields such as nuclear fusion, nuclear fission and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a medium-voltage cable and a three-layer co-extrusion process based on the special field with the requirement on radiation-resistant service life, and aiming at the specific material characteristics and the problems of large glue yield and difficult thickness reduction of three-layer co-extrusion equipment in the prior art, so as to realize the control of the thickness of each insulating layer of the cable.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the invention provides a medium-voltage cable which comprises a wire core conductor, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer, wherein the wire core conductor, the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer are sequentially arranged from inside to outside;
the conductor shielding layer and the insulation shielding layer both comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of low-density Polyethylene (PE), 10-20 parts of ethylene-acrylate resin, 10-30 parts of conductive carbon black, 5-10 parts of graphite, 5-8 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-2 parts of first lubricant, 5-10 parts of nanoparticle-loaded lamellar hybrid anti-irradiation agent, 1-3 parts of high-temperature-resistant composite antioxidant and 2-5 parts of cross-linking agent;
and the insulation shielding layer further comprises: 1-3 parts of a mixture of stripping agents;
the insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-95 parts of metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, 0.5-1 part of polyalkylene glycol, 0.5-5 parts of polyfunctional group peroxide crosslinking agent, 0.5-2 parts of second lubricant, 5-10 parts of nano-particle-loaded lamellar hybrid anti-irradiation agent and 0.5-2 parts of high-temperature-resistant antioxidant.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
in the raw materials of the conductor shielding layer and the insulation shielding layer: the first lubricant is stearamide or liquid paraffin or zinc stearate.
The high-temperature resistant composite antioxidant is at least one of 2, 6-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, bis (3, 5-tertiary butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) thioether and bisdodecyl alcohol ester.
The cross-linking agent is dicumyl peroxide or benzoyl peroxide.
The stripping agent is at least one of oxidized polyethylene wax, zinc stearate and magnesium stearate.
The plasticizer is a plasticizer commonly used in conventional cables, such as phthalic acid esters, sebacates, chlorinated paraffins or camphor, but is not limited thereto.
The insulating layer comprises the following raw materials: the multifunctional peroxide crosslinking agent is dicumyl peroxide or benzoyl peroxide.
The second lubricant is stearamide or paraffin or magnesium stearate.
The high-temperature-resistant antioxidant is 4,4 '-thiobis (2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) or 4,4' -thiobis (2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol).
The conductor shielding layer and the insulation shielding layer both adopt PE resin compounded ethylene-acrylate (EBA) as matrix resin, the ethylene acrylate resin has excellent high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, mechanical property and other properties, and has better compatibility with conductive carbon black, and a cross-linking agent is matched to achieve excellent electric shielding property. The material can pass a low-temperature impact embrittlement test at the temperature of minus 40 ℃, and has good impact resistance.
The nanoparticle-loaded lamellar hybrid antiradiation agent consists of a nanoparticle antiradiation agent and a lamellar antiradiation agent, wherein the nanoparticle antiradiation agent is selected from one or more of tungsten oxide, bismuth carbonate, rare earth metal oxide and nano silicon dioxide which are mixed according to any proportion, the lamellar antiradiation agent is selected from one or more of lamellar boron nitride, lamellar carbon nitride and lamellar molybdenum disulfide which are mixed according to any proportion, and the rare earth metal in the rare earth metal oxide is one of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium and europium.
The preparation method of the nanoparticle-loaded lamellar hybrid anti-irradiation agent comprises the following steps: mixing a lamellar anti-irradiation agent with water at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, then adding a corresponding precursor of the nanoparticle anti-irradiation agent, dropwise adding an alkaline regulator under the conditions of nitrogen protection and stirring to enable the pH to be 9-11, heating and reacting after dropwise adding, carrying out centrifugal separation, washing with water, washing with alcohol and drying after the reaction is finished, thus obtaining the nanoparticle-loaded lamellar hybrid anti-irradiation agent.
The corresponding precursor of the nanoparticle anti-irradiation agent is tungsten chloride, bismuth chloride, chlorinated rare earth metal salt or tetraethyl orthosilicate; the alkaline regulator is 25wt% ammonia water solution or 1mol/L sodium carbonate solution; the ultrasonic treatment time is 20-40 min; the heating process is heating in water bath to 80 deg.C for 24 hr or transferring to hydrothermal reaction kettle for hydrothermal reaction at 180 deg.C for 12 hr.
The lamellar hybrid anti-irradiation agent loaded with the nanoparticles is formed by hybridizing the nanoparticle anti-irradiation agent and the lamellar anti-irradiation agent together through a hydrothermal method or a coprecipitation method, so that the anti-irradiation effect of 1+1>2 is achieved; the lamellar hybrid anti-irradiation agent loaded with the nano particles is intercalated into a polyolefin material, so that the lamellar hybrid anti-irradiation agent loaded with the nano particles achieves a highly uniform dispersion state and is dispersed in an internal insulation base material, the effect of blocking irradiation rays by the lamellar layer of the lamellar anti-irradiation agent is better exerted, and the anti-irradiation performance of a shielding material is improved. During high-temperature thermal aging, the labyrinth effect and the lamella blocking effect of the nanosheet layer can be fully exerted, the migration rate of the antioxidant is slowed down, the migration path is prolonged, the loss rate of the antioxidant is further slowed down, and the excellent thermal aging effect can be kept for a long time by combining the high-efficiency free radical absorption capacity of the high-temperature-resistant composite antioxidant.
Metallocene linear low density polyethylene is characterized by a homogeneously branched, substantially linear molecular structure; the polyalkylene glycol adopted by the invention is a polar copolymer, and the addition of the polyalkylene glycol can greatly reduce the probability of water tree phenomenon caused by temperature-electricity aging.
Further, the conductive carbon black is treated by acid and alkali and is physically activated in a vacuum or inert gas atmosphere, so that the surface of the carbon black is modified; the conductive carbon black has a carbon black oil absorption paper number (DBP) of 0.9 to 1.2ml/g. Among them, DBP is used to characterize the degree of aggregation of carbon black.
The conductive carbon black is treated by acid and alkali and physically activated in a specific environment, the surface of the carbon black is modified, and the carbon black is combined with a graphite material for application to generate a synergistic effect, so that the porosity of the surface of the carbon black is increased, and the formation of a conductive path is promoted. Compared with the addition of untreated carbon black, the special carbon black increases the electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI) characteristic of the formula material, thereby providing excellent conductive performance for the material, and the performance is improved by 15-20% based on the conductive performance of common materials. Wherein the volume resistivity at 20 ℃ before aging can be controlled within 50 omega cm, and the volume resistivity at 90 ℃ before aging can be controlled within 2500 omega cm.
The invention also provides a manufacturing process of the medium voltage cable, which comprises the steps of respectively configuring raw materials required by the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer in proportion; then adding the raw materials into a three-layer co-extrusion system for co-extrusion molding;
the three-layer co-extrusion molding system comprises three extruders and a three-layer co-extrusion machine head, wherein the three-layer co-extrusion machine head is simultaneously connected with the three extruders, the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer respectively correspond to one extruder, and the raw materials of the three are respectively extruded and molded through the three-layer co-extrusion machine head through screws respectively corresponding to the extruders.
The three-layer co-extrusion machine head is connected with the three extruders, the machine head penetrates through the conductor core, the cable is started to pull, and the extruders corresponding to the shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer are started. The lead wire must pass through heating section, dangling controller, pipeline isolation section, cold-moving section, lower obturator, blow dryer etc. straightly. Speed regulation eccentricity, insulation and shielding thickness, outer diameter and the like; the pipe can be sealed after meeting the requirements; during operation, attention must be paid to the temperature of each temperature zone of the machine head and the machine barrel of the extruder, the pressure change of the air and nitrogen storage tanks, and the like.
Further, the screw of each extruder is sequentially provided with a feeding section, a compression section and a melting section along the material conveying direction; the depth of the screw groove of the screw is sequentially decreased from the feeding section to the melting section; the length-warp ratio of the screw is 10: 1.
The material is firstly poured into a machine barrel through a feeding section, then is rolled and crushed through a compression section so as to be convenient for extrusion, and finally is preheated through a melting section so as to reach the transition temperature so as to be convenient for extrusion.
Further, the screw of the extruder is positioned in the barrel of the extruder; the first extrusion zone temperature of a machine barrel of an extruder corresponding to the conductor shielding layer is 30 ℃, the second extrusion zone temperature is 40 ℃ and the third extrusion zone temperature is 55 ℃; the first extrusion zone temperature of a machine barrel of the extruder corresponding to the insulating layer is 90 ℃, the second extrusion zone temperature is 95 ℃ and the third extrusion zone temperature is 105 ℃; the first extrusion zone temperature of the extruder cylinder corresponding to the insulation shielding layer is 30 ℃, the second extrusion zone temperature is 40 ℃, the third extrusion zone temperature is 55 ℃ and the fourth extrusion zone temperature is 60 ℃; the temperature of the machine head is 80 ℃, the temperature of the die orifice is 90 ℃, and the rotating speed of the motor is lower than 12r/min.
If the machine is stopped for more than 10min midway, the temperature of each temperature zone is set below 100 ℃ and kept constant.
Further, the diameter of the screw is D; the depth of the screw groove of the feeding section is 0.15-0.20D; the depth of the spiral groove of the compression section is 0.12-0.16D; the depth of the screw groove of the melting section is 0.07-0.09D;
the length of the feeding section and the length of the compression section are both 8-10D; the length of the melting section is 10-12D;
the screw pitch of the screw is 0.04-0.08D; the helical angle of the screw is 17-19 degrees. Preferably, the helix angle of the screw is 15 ° 39'.
Further, cleaning the storage hopper, pouring raw materials of each layer, starting a dryer to dry the granules, and setting each process parameter according to the specification; before starting up, the temperature of each section of the three extruders is set to be 80-120 ℃ for preheating, after keeping the temperature for 15 minutes, the extruder is started up for discharging, the screw is kept to run at a low speed before the rubber material discharging barrel, and the rotating speed is 15-20r/min.
Before starting the machine, preparing compressed air and nitrogen in advance for standby, wherein the pressure of an air storage tank is not less than 0.6Mpa, and the pressure of a nitrogen tank is not less than 1.5-2.0Mpa. Cleaning the sizing material in the storage cylinder, selecting a double layer 40 mesh filter screen, considering a three layer 60 mesh screen if the granules are abnormal, installing a sieve plate, sequentially installing a flange, a mold core and a mold sleeve, adjusting the distance between the mold and the mold, starting to discharge the sizing material, and stopping discharging the sizing material after plasticizing is uniform and normal.
If core deviation and outer diameter fluctuation occur in the processing process of the three-layer co-extrusion molding system, the three-layer co-extrusion molding system is debugged immediately without abnormal post-curing process parameters, and the traction speed and the temperature are adjusted to the normal process temperature.
Furthermore, the rotating speed of the screw is 4.5-6.0r/mim; the pulling speed of the core conductor is 7-8m/min
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the medium-voltage cable comprises a wire core conductor, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer, wherein the conductor shielding layer, the insulating shielding layer and the insulating layer respectively adopt unique formulas, the formula design is reasonable, and the components have comprehensive effects, so that the cable has excellent electric shielding performance, excellent electric conductivity, high irradiation resistance, mechanical performance and the like;
2. the cable is prepared by adopting a three-layer co-extrusion process, and the length-diameter ratio of a screw rod of an extruder is 10:1, the screw groove depth of the screw groove on the screw rod is gradually reduced from the feeding section to the melting section, so that the power consumption can be effectively reduced, the possibility of bending the screw rod is reduced, the plastic extrusion amount is reduced, and the extrusion thickness can be reduced;
3. the screw groove depth of the feeding section of the screw is 0.15-0.20D, the screw groove depth of the compression section is 0.12-0.16D, and the screw groove depth of the melting section is 0.07-0.09D, so that the insulating glue yield can be further reduced, the plastic extrusion amount can be further reduced, and the extrusion thickness can be further reduced;
4. the helix angle of the screw is 17-19 degrees, and the extrusion flow rate is optimal;
5. the rotating speed of the screw of the three-layer co-extrusion plastic extruding machine is 4.5-6.0r/mim, the traction speed of the conductor of the wire core is 7-8m/min, and the phenomena of unstable extrusion materials, wire core shaking and wall scraping caused by mismatching of the linear speed and the extrusion speed can be avoided.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a cable of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The invention may be embodied in other different forms, i.e. it is capable of various modifications and changes without departing from the scope of the invention as disclosed.
Example (b): the medium-voltage cable comprises a core conductor, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer from inside to outside in sequence.
In examples 1 to 4, the formulations of the conductor shield and the insulation shield are as follows:
note: 1. the formulations of the conductor shield and insulation shield of examples 1 to 4 differ: the former does not contain a release agent, and the latter contains a release agent.
2. In the embodiment 1, the first lubricant is stearamide, the high-temperature resistant composite antioxidant is 2, 6-tertiary butyl-4-methylphenol, the crosslinking agent is dicumyl peroxide, and the stripping agent is oxidized polyethylene wax;
in example 2, the first lubricant is liquid paraffin, the high temperature resistant composite antioxidant is bis (3, 5-tertiary butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide, the crosslinking agent is benzoyl peroxide, and the stripping agent is zinc stearate;
in examples 3 and 4, the first lubricant is zinc stearate, the high temperature resistant composite antioxidant is didodecyl alcohol ester, the cross-linking agent is benzoyl peroxide, and the stripping agent is magnesium stearate;
in examples 1 to 4, the formulations of the insulating layers are as follows:
note: in example 1, the polyfunctional peroxide crosslinking agent was dicumyl peroxide, the second lubricant was stearamide, and the high temperature antioxidant was 4,4' thiobis (2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol);
in example 2, the polyfunctional peroxide crosslinking agent was benzoyl peroxide, the second lubricant was paraffin wax, and the high temperature antioxidant was 4,4' thiobis (2-t-butyl-5 methylphenol);
in examples 3 and 4, the polyfunctional peroxide crosslinking agent was dicumyl peroxide, the second lubricant was magnesium stearate, and the high temperature antioxidant was 4,4' thiobis (2-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol).
The nanoparticle-loaded lamellar hybrid anti-irradiation agent in tables 1 and 2 is the same as the raw material and the preparation method of the "nanoparticle-loaded lamellar hybrid anti-irradiation agent" disclosed in CN201911222152, an internal insulation material for cables of nuclear power plants, and the preparation method thereof, and reference may be made to the patent document.
The preparation process of the medium voltage cable of embodiments 1 to 4 mainly adopts a three-layer co-extrusion system, which comprises three extruders, a three-layer co-extruder head, a traction mechanism, a catenary mechanism and a tension adjusting mechanism; a screw 3 of the extruder is sequentially provided with a feeding section, a compression section and a melting section along the material conveying direction; the depth of the screw groove of the screw is sequentially decreased from the feeding section to the melting section; the length-warp ratio of the screw is 10: 1; the traction mechanism is arranged at the front section of the three-layer co-extrusion molding system; the tension adjusting mechanism is arranged at the front section of the catenary mechanism and used for keeping the wire core conductor at the center of the die of the three-layer co-extrusion machine head.
Namely: the three-layer co-extrusion machine head is simultaneously connected with three extruders, the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer respectively correspond to one extruder, and the raw materials of the three are respectively extruded and molded by the three-layer co-extrusion machine head through screws respectively corresponding to the extruders.
The three-layer co-extrusion machine head is connected with the three extruders, the machine head penetrates through the conductor core conductor, the cable traction is started, and the extruders corresponding to the shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer are started. The lead wire must pass through heating section, dangling controller, pipeline isolation section, cold-moving section, lower obturator, blow dryer etc. straightly. Speed regulation eccentricity, insulation and shielding thickness, outer diameter and the like; the pipe can be sealed after meeting the requirements; during operation, attention needs to be paid to the temperature of each temperature zone of a machine head and a machine barrel of an extruder, the pressure change of an air and nitrogen storage tank and the like
The screw of each extruder is sequentially provided with a feeding section, a compression section and a melting section along the material conveying direction; the depth of the screw groove of the screw is sequentially decreased from the feeding section to the melting section; the length-warp ratio of the screw is 10: 1. The material is firstly guided into a machine barrel through a feeding section, then is rolled and crushed through a compression section so as to be convenient for extrusion, and finally is preheated through a melting section so as to reach the transition temperature so as to be convenient for extrusion.
The screw grooves on the screw rod have the gradient decreasing screw groove depth from the feeding section to the melting section, and the screw rod bending possibility is reduced, so that the plastic extrusion amount is reduced, and the extrusion thickness can be reduced.
The diameter of the screw is D; the depth of the screw groove of the feeding section is 0.15-0.20D; the depth of the spiral groove of the compression section is 0.12-0.16D; the depth of the screw groove of the melting section is 0.07-0.09D; the insulating glue outlet amount can be further reduced, the plastic extrusion amount is further reduced, and the extrusion thickness is further reduced.
The length of the feeding section and the length of the compression section are both 8-10D; the length of the melting section is 10-12D;
the screw pitch of the screw is 0.04-0.08D; the helical angle of the screw is 17-19 degrees. Preferably, the screw has a helix angle of 15 degrees 39 minutes, and extrusion flow rate is optimal. The rotating speed of the screw is 4.5-6.0r/mim; the traction speed of the conductor is 7-8m/min, so that the phenomena of unstable extrusion, wire core shaking and wall scraping caused by mismatching of the linear speed and the extrusion speed can be avoided.
The process for the preparation of the medium voltage cables of examples 1 to 4 was:
1. raw materials required by the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer are respectively configured according to the proportion;
2. the three-layer co-extrusion machine head penetrates through the conductor core conductor, starts cable traction, and starts an extruder corresponding to the shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer;
3. the raw materials of the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer respectively enter a three-layer co-extrusion machine head along a screw rod of a corresponding extruder through a feeding section, a compression section and a melting section for extrusion molding;
the method specifically comprises the following steps: cleaning a storage hopper of an extruder, pouring raw materials of each layer, starting a dryer to dry granules, and setting each process parameter according to the specification; setting the temperature of each section of the three extruders to be 80-120 ℃ for preheating before starting, starting to discharge materials after keeping constant temperature for 15 minutes, and keeping the screw to run at low speed at the rotating speed of 15-20r/min before a sizing material discharging barrel;
wherein the parameters of the co-extrusion process are set as follows: the screw of the extruder is positioned in the barrel of the extruder; the first extrusion zone temperature of a machine barrel of an extruder corresponding to the conductor shielding layer is 30 ℃, the second extrusion zone temperature is 40 ℃ and the third extrusion zone temperature is 55 ℃; the first extrusion zone temperature of a machine barrel of the extruder corresponding to the insulating layer is 90 ℃, the second extrusion zone temperature is 95 ℃ and the third extrusion zone temperature is 105 ℃; the first extrusion zone temperature of the extruder cylinder corresponding to the insulation shielding layer is 30 ℃, the second extrusion zone temperature is 40 ℃, the third extrusion zone temperature is 55 ℃ and the fourth extrusion zone temperature is 60 ℃; the temperature of the machine head is 80 ℃, the temperature of the die orifice is 90 ℃, and the rotating speed of the motor is lower than 12r/min;
if the machine is stopped for more than 10min midway, the temperature of each temperature zone is set below 100 ℃ and kept constant.
And before starting up, preparing compressed air and nitrogen in advance for standby, wherein the pressure of the air storage tank is not less than 0.6Mpa, and the pressure of the nitrogen tank is not less than 1.5-2.0Mpa. Cleaning the rubber material of the storage cylinder, selecting a double layer 40-mesh filter screen, considering a three layer 60-mesh filter screen if the granules are abnormal, installing a sieve plate, sequentially installing a flange, a mold core and a mold sleeve, adjusting the distance of the matched mold, starting rubber discharge, and stopping rubber discharge after uniform and normal plasticization;
if core deviation and outer diameter fluctuation occur in the processing process of the three-layer co-extrusion molding system, the three-layer co-extrusion molding system is debugged immediately without abnormal post-curing process parameters, and the traction speed and the temperature are adjusted to the normal process temperature.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A medium voltage cable, characterized by: the cable comprises a core conductor, a conductor shielding layer, an insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer from inside to outside in sequence;
the conductor shielding layer and the insulation shielding layer both comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of low-density polyethylene, 10-20 parts of ethylene-acrylate resin, 10-30 parts of conductive carbon black, 5-10 parts of graphite, 5-8 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-2 parts of first lubricant, 5-10 parts of nanoparticle-loaded lamellar hybrid anti-irradiation agent, 1-3 parts of high-temperature-resistant composite antioxidant and 2-5 parts of cross-linking agent;
and the insulation shielding layer further comprises: 1-3 parts of a mixture of stripping agents;
the insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-95 parts of metallocene linear low-density polyethylene, 0.5-1 part of polyalkylene glycol, 0.5-5 parts of polyfunctional group peroxide crosslinking agent, 0.5-2 parts of second lubricant, 5-10 parts of nano-particle-loaded lamellar hybrid anti-irradiation agent and 0.5-2 parts of high-temperature-resistant antioxidant.
2. Medium voltage cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conductive carbon black is treated by acid and alkali and is physically activated in a vacuum or inert gas atmosphere, and the surface of the carbon black is modified; the carbon black oil absorption paper value of the conductive carbon black is 0.9-1.2ml/g.
3. A process for manufacturing a medium voltage cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: raw materials required by the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer are respectively configured according to the proportion; then adding the raw materials into a three-layer co-extrusion system for co-extrusion molding; the three-layer co-extrusion molding system comprises three extruders and a three-layer co-extrusion machine head, wherein the three-layer co-extrusion machine head is simultaneously connected with the three extruders, the conductor shielding layer, the insulating layer and the insulating shielding layer respectively correspond to one extruder, and the raw materials of the three are respectively extruded and molded through the three-layer co-extrusion machine head through screws respectively corresponding to the extruders.
4. Process for manufacturing a medium voltage cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: the screw of each extruder is sequentially provided with a feeding section, a compression section and a melting section along the material conveying direction; the depth of the screw groove of the screw is sequentially decreased from the feeding section to the melting section; the length-warp ratio of the screw is 10: 1.
5. Process for manufacturing a medium voltage cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: the screw of the extruder is positioned in the barrel of the extruder; the first extrusion zone temperature of a machine barrel of an extruder corresponding to the conductor shielding layer is 30 ℃, the second extrusion zone temperature is 40 ℃ and the third extrusion zone temperature is 55 ℃; the first extrusion zone temperature of a machine barrel of the extruder corresponding to the insulating layer is 90 ℃, the second extrusion zone temperature is 95 ℃ and the third extrusion zone temperature is 105 ℃; the first extrusion zone temperature of the extruder cylinder corresponding to the insulation shielding layer is 30 ℃, the second extrusion zone temperature is 40 ℃, the third extrusion zone temperature is 55 ℃ and the fourth extrusion zone temperature is 60 ℃; the temperature of the machine head is 80 ℃, the temperature of the die orifice is 90 ℃, and the rotating speed of the motor is lower than 12r/min.
6. Process for manufacturing a medium voltage cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: the diameter of the screw is D; the depth of the screw groove of the feeding section is 0.15-0.20D; the depth of the spiral groove of the compression section is 0.12-0.16D; the depth of the screw groove of the melting section is 0.07-0.09D.
7. Process for manufacturing a medium voltage cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: the lengths of the feeding section and the compression section are both 8-10D; the length of the melting section is 10-12D;
the screw pitch of the screw is 0.04-0.08D; the helix angle of the screw is 17-19 degrees.
8. Process for manufacturing a medium voltage cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: cleaning a storage hopper, pouring raw materials of each layer, starting a dryer to dry the granules, and setting each process parameter; before starting up, the temperature of each section of the three extruders is set to be 80-120 ℃ for preheating, after keeping the temperature for 15 minutes, the extruder is started up for discharging, the screw is kept to run at a low speed before the rubber material discharging barrel, and the rotating speed is 15-20r/min.
9. Process for manufacturing a medium voltage cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: the rotating speed of the screw is 4.5-6.0r/mim; the pulling speed of the core conductor is 7-8m/min.
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