CN115819834A - Water collecting assembly, preparation method thereof and water collecting device - Google Patents
Water collecting assembly, preparation method thereof and water collecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115819834A CN115819834A CN202111094899.4A CN202111094899A CN115819834A CN 115819834 A CN115819834 A CN 115819834A CN 202111094899 A CN202111094899 A CN 202111094899A CN 115819834 A CN115819834 A CN 115819834A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of water collecting materials, in particular to a water collecting component, a preparation method thereof and a water collecting device. The water collecting assembly is formed by assembling a plurality of water collecting sheets, and the inclination angle of each water collecting sheet is 10-80 degrees; the water collecting sheet contains a hydrophilic surface, the hydrophilic surface is a polypropylene sheet with a micro-nano structure, hydrophilic side groups are grafted on the micro-nano structure, and the micro-nano structure exists in a convex and/or groove form; wherein, in the hydrophilic surface, the surface grafting rate of the hydrophilic side group is 10-50wt%. According to the invention, the water collecting sheet is limited to have the hydrophilic surface, so that the water collecting sheet has the water collecting property and can not absorb water, the water collecting efficiency of the water collecting component is effectively improved, and the performance is stable; meanwhile, the water collecting assembly is simple in structure and easy to install, and parts do not need to be replaced frequently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water collecting materials, in particular to a water collecting assembly, a preparation method of the water collecting assembly and a water collecting device.
Background
The serious shortage of fresh water resources has become a global problem, and how to obtain fresh water resources has become a hot topic. The development of air water collection provides a new idea for solving the problem of fresh water shortage, but the lower water collection efficiency becomes the bottleneck of popularization. In recent years, the unique combination of surface morphology and wettability exhibited by many biological species is receiving increasing attention from the scientific community. The surface morphology of these species exhibits unique micro-and nano-structured arrangements that play a crucial role in water vapor condensation and mist collection. For example, a nanobubble beetle can collect water from a fog and introduce water droplets into its mouth because its beetle has both a hydrophobic surface and a random array of hydrophilic projections; the plant coriander (Cotula fallax) in south africa can collect water from the mist through the hydrophobic surface and three-dimensional layered structure of the leaves and direct the droplets to their stem. In some arid regions, the cactaceae species can effectively capture fog by evenly distributing the thorns and trichomes on their stems. When the spider web is placed in a humid environment, water vapor is condensed on the surface of the capture silk in the spider web to form small water drops; the water drops are stressed unevenly in the fibers due to the spindle structure periodically existing in the fibers, and move directionally, so that small drops can be collected quickly to form large water drops, and the quick collection of moisture in the air is facilitated.
Based on the inspiration of water collection organisms in the nature, a plurality of water collection materials are continuously invented and created. For example, CN110684959A discloses a diamond gradient coating for water collection and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method can realize the wettability gradient from super-hydrophobic to super-hydrophilic of the diamond gradient coating, and the obtained diamond gradient coating has good mechanical wear resistance and chemical stability, thus having a water collection function; CN105755519A discloses a method for preparing a high-efficiency air water-collecting copper surface by a gradient anodic oxidation method, which utilizes the inherent wettability and conductivity of the copper surface, combines a porous mask and a gradient anodic oxidation treatment technology, and prepares a plurality of hydrophilic-hydrophobic alternate copper surfaces with different area ratios of hydrophilic/hydrophobic areas on the basis of the theory that the water collection efficiency is improved by the hydrophilic-hydrophobic alternate surface of the desert beetle imitation; CN102776785A discloses a water-collecting polymer silk imitating spider silk structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein existing fibers are immersed in a polymer solution, the polymer solution forms a string of liquid drops on the fiber surface due to Rayleigh instability in the drying process, the liquid drops are hung on the fiber surface, and the spindle knots are axially arranged through drying and solidification to obtain fibers similar to the spider silk structure and have water-collecting performance.
However, the water collecting material disclosed in the prior art cannot simultaneously achieve the problems of water collecting efficiency, chemical stability, mechanical wear resistance, high cost and the like, and a new water collecting assembly is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low water collection efficiency, poor durability, high cost, complex preparation process and the like of the existing water collection material, and provides a water collection assembly, a preparation method thereof and a water collection device. The water collecting assembly has high water collecting efficiency and strong durability; meanwhile, the method is simple and easy for industrial production.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a water collecting assembly assembled by a plurality of water collecting sheets, wherein an inclination angle of the water collecting sheets is 10 to 80 °;
the water collecting sheet contains a hydrophilic surface, the hydrophilic surface is a polypropylene sheet with a micro-nano structure, hydrophilic side groups are grafted on the micro-nano structure, and the micro-nano structure exists in a convex and/or groove form;
wherein, in the hydrophilic surface, the surface grafting rate of the hydrophilic side group is 10-50wt%.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a method of making a water collection assembly, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Contacting a polypropylene sheet with an etching agent and carrying out first drying to form bulges and/or grooves with micro-nano structures on the polypropylene sheet so as to obtain a modified polypropylene sheet;
(2) Coating a monomer with a hydrophilic side group on the modified polypropylene sheet, and then performing microwave irradiation to graft the hydrophilic side group on the micro-nano structure of the modified polypropylene sheet to obtain a hydrophilic surface;
(3) Assembling a plurality of water-collecting sheets containing the hydrophilic surface to obtain a water-collecting assembly;
wherein the inclination angle of the water collecting sheet is 10-80 degrees;
wherein, in the hydrophilic surface, the surface grafting rate of the hydrophilic side group is 10-50wt%.
The invention provides a water collecting device, wherein the water collecting component provided by the first aspect or the water collecting component prepared by the method provided by the second aspect is arranged in the water collecting device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the water collection assembly provided by the invention, the water collection assembly is formed by assembling a plurality of water collection sheets with hydrophilic surfaces, the hydrophilic surfaces are further defined to be polypropylene sheets with micro-nano structures, hydrophilic side groups are grafted on the micro-nano structures, so that the hydrophilicity and the performance of the hydrophilic surfaces are effectively improved and stabilized on the premise that the mechanical properties of the hydrophilic surfaces are not influenced, and the water collection sheets have water collection properties and can not absorb water, so that the water collection efficiency and the performance of the water collection assembly are effectively improved and stabilized; meanwhile, the water collecting assembly is simple in structure and easy to install, and parts do not need to be replaced frequently;
(2) According to the method provided by the invention, physical modification (etching) and chemical modification (grafting) are combined, the surface of the water collecting sheet has super-hydrophilicity, and the water vapor on the open water surface can be effectively recovered by combining the installation mode of the water collecting sheet; meanwhile, the method has simple process and easy operation, and is convenient for industrial large-scale production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a water collecting assembly provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the terms "first", "second" and "third" do not denote any order or sequence, nor do they denote any limitation to individual materials or steps, but are merely used to distinguish the same materials or steps, for example, "first", "second" and "third" in "first drying", "second drying" and "third drying", and "fourth drying", and are merely used to distinguish that the same drying is not performed.
The invention provides a water collecting assembly, which is formed by assembling a plurality of water collecting sheets, wherein the inclination angle of each water collecting sheet is 10-80 degrees;
the water collecting sheet contains a hydrophilic surface, the hydrophilic surface is a polypropylene sheet with a micro-nano structure, hydrophilic side groups are grafted on the micro-nano structure, and the micro-nano structure exists in a convex and/or groove form;
wherein, in the hydrophilic surface, the surface grafting rate of the hydrophilic side group is 10-50wt%.
The water collecting sheet with the hydrophilic surface provided by the invention has super-hydrophilic performance, and can collect small water drops in steam when the steam flows, wherein the small water drops are gathered on the surface of the sheet with an inclined angle to form large liquid drops and fall back to the water surface along the inclined plane; the surface of the water collecting sheet only has water collecting performance, water cannot be absorbed, and the defect that the water collecting performance is greatly reduced after water is absorbed is avoided, so that the water collecting assembly assembled by the water collecting sheet is high in water collecting efficiency, simple in structure and free of frequent replacement of parts. Meanwhile, the hydrophilic surface is a polypropylene sheet with a micro-nano structure on the surface, a hydrophilic side group is grafted on the micro-nano structure, the micro-nano structure exists in a protruding and/or groove mode, and the hydrophilic side group is used for collecting liquid drops in airflow when steam flows through, so that the hydrophilicity and the water collection efficiency of the water collection sheet are further improved.
In the present invention, the inclination angle is an angle between the water-collecting sheet and a horizontal plane, unless otherwise specified.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the water collecting assembly is assembled by a plurality of the water collecting sheets in parallel through a skeleton at an inclination angle of 10 to 80 °. That is, the inclination angle of each of the water collecting sheets in the water collecting module is the same, i.e., any angle selected from 10 to 80 °.
In the present invention, the skeleton has a supporting function without special description, and preferably, the skeleton includes, but is not limited to, a glass steel skeleton.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably the inclination angle of the water-collecting sheet is 10-80 °, e.g. 10 °, 20 °, 30 °, 40 °, 50 °, 60 °, 70 °, 80 °, and any value in the range of any two values, preferably 30-60%. The preferable conditions are adopted, so that the water collecting efficiency of the water collecting sheet is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet is 0.1-0.9:1, preferably
The optimal conditions are adopted, so that the projection of the water collecting sheet can be ensured to cover the water surface by 100 percent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred that the bottom of the water collection assembly is at a vertical distance from the water surface of < 15cm, preferably 0-10cm. The preferable conditions are adopted, so that the water collecting effect is more favorably improved, namely, the smaller the vertical distance is, the higher the water collecting efficiency is.
In the present invention, the vertical distance from the bottom of the water collecting assembly to the water surface is the vertical distance from the water collecting assembly to the water surface when the water collecting assembly is disposed above the water surface.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the water collecting sheet further comprises a substrate, and the hydrophilic surface is supported on the substrate. In the present invention, the substrate includes, but is not limited to, a PVC substrate without specific description.
The invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a water collecting assembly, as shown in fig. 1, the water collecting assembly is formed by assembling a plurality of water collecting sheets in parallel through a glass steel framework at an inclination angle of 10-80 degrees, wherein the water collecting sheets are hydrophilic surfaces.
The invention provides another water collecting assembly which is formed by assembling a plurality of water collecting sheets in parallel through a glass reinforced plastic framework at an inclination angle of 10-80 degrees, wherein the water collecting sheets are PVC base materials and hydrophilic surfaces loaded on the PVC base materials.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the polypropylene sheet is an expanded polypropylene sheet.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the foamed polypropylene sheet has a surface average pore size of 10 to 100 μm, for example, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 20 to 60 μm; a flexural strength of 0.1 to 1MPa, for example, 0.1MPa, 0.2MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.5MPa, 0.7MPa, 0.9MPa, 1MPa, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 0.1 to 0.5MPa; the thickness is 0.1 to 1cm, for example, 0.1cm, 0.2cm, 0.3cm, 0.4cm, 0.5cm, 0.8cm, 1cm, and any value in the range of any two values, preferably 0.1 to 0.5cm. With preferred conditions it is more advantageous to form projections and/or recesses of greater length and depth in the polypropylene sheet.
In the invention, the surface average pore diameter parameter is measured by a statistical average value method of 3 surface scans of a scanning electron microscope without special condition; the bending strength parameter is measured by adopting a GB/T9341-2008 polypropylene three-point bending test method; the thickness parameter is measured by a vernier caliper test method.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the foamed polypropylene sheet is foamed from at least one selected from the group consisting of a homo polypropylene sheet having a polypropylene content of 50wt% or more, a random copolymer polypropylene sheet, and an impact copolymer polypropylene sheet. In the present invention, the foaming process has a wide selection range, and can be prepared by chemical foaming or physical foaming.
In the present invention, the source of the foamed polypropylene sheet can be selected from a wide range, as long as the polypropylene sheet is prepared by foaming. In the present invention, the foamed polypropylene sheet can be obtained by purchase or preparation, and the present invention is not described herein.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the foamed polypropylene sheet is prepared by foaming a polypropylene sheet with supercritical carbon dioxide.
In some embodiments of the present invention, it is preferable that the polypropylene content in the foamed polypropylene sheet is 50wt% or more, preferably 50 to 90wt%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the polypropylene is 10 4 -10 6 g/mol; a melt index at 230 ℃ and under a load of 2.16kg of 0.1 to 15g/10min, e.g., 0.1g/10min, 1g/10min, 2g/10min, 3g/10min, 4g/10min, 5g/10min, 6g/10min, 7g/10min, 10g/10min, 15g/10minmin, and any value in the range of any two values, preferably 1 to 7g/10min.
In the present invention, the melt index parameter is measured by the GB/T3682.1-2018 method without special cases.
In the invention, the micro-nano structure refers to projections and/or grooves which have micrometer or nanometer scale characteristic sizes and are arranged according to a specific mode without special condition.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the length of the micro-nano structure is 1nm to 100 μm, for example, 1nm, 10nm, 100nm, 200nm, 500nm, 1 μm, 10 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, and any value in a range of any two values, preferably 500nm to 50 μm; the depth is 1 μm to 1mm, for example, 1 μm, 10 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm, 150 μm, 200 μm, 250 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm, 500 μm, 700 μm, 900 μm, 1mm, and any value in the range of any two numerical values, preferably 50 to 500 μm. In the invention, the micro-nano structure is beneficial to improving the surface wettability, for example, when the flat surface is hydrophilic (less than 90 degrees), the surface with the micro-nano structure has a capillary effect on water, so that the water can be further infiltrated, and a more hydrophilic or even super-hydrophilic state is further represented.
In some embodiments of the invention, the surface grafting of the pendant hydrophilic groups is from 10 to 50wt%, e.g., 10wt%, 20wt%, 30wt%, 35wt%, 40wt%, 45wt%, 50wt%, and any value in the range of any two values, preferably from 30 to 40wt%. The preferred conditions are adopted to be more favorable for improving the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic surface.
In the present invention, the surface grafting ratio parameter is a parameter obtained by measuring the content of the main element in the graft component on the hydrophilic surface using a spectral device of a scanning electron microscope of Hitachi, japan, and the content of the graft on the hydrophilic surface is inversely deduced by the molecular formula of the graft as the surface grafting ratio, unless otherwise specified.
In the present invention, there is a wide range of choices for the hydrophilic side group as long as the hydrophilic side group contains a hydrophilic group. Preferably, the hydrophilic side group is a side group containing a heteroatom of at least one element selected from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, silicon, and halogen, and a carbon-carbon double bond.
In the present invention, the halogen is at least one selected from fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, and preferably fluorine and/or chlorine, unless otherwise specified.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the monomer of the hydrophilic side group is selected from at least one of an organic acid, an organic acid derivative, and a vinyl silane. Wherein the organic acid includes, but is not limited to, carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids, sulfinic acids, thiocarboxylic acids, and the like.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the organic acid derivative is selected from at least one of an anhydride, an ester and a salt of an organic acid.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the monomer of the hydrophilic side group is selected from at least one of maleic anhydride and/or its derivative, acrylic acid and/or its derivative, methacrylic acid and/or its derivative, vinyl acetate, alkenyl sulfonic acid and/or its derivative, p-styreneformic acid and/or its derivative, p-styreneacetic acid and/or its derivative, itaconic acid, oleic acid, and arachidic acid.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the vinyl silane has the general formula: CH (CH) 2 ＝CH 2 (CH 2 ) n SiX 3 Wherein n =0-3, x is selected from at least one of chloro, methoxy, ethoxy, and acetoxy.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the vinyl silane is selected from vinyl trimethoxysilane and/or vinyl triethoxysilane.
According to the invention, preferably, the water-collecting sheet has a water contact angle < 30 °, preferably 0-15 °, more preferably 0 °; the water collecting efficiency is more than 20g/cm 2 H, preferably from 25 to 50g/cm 2 ·h。
In the invention, without special description, the water contact angle parameter adopts an EASY DROP contact angle tester of Germany KRUSS company, the measurement range is 1-180 degrees, the resolution is +/-0.1 degrees, a dynamic contact angle measurement mode is adopted, deionized water DROPs or white oil DROPs with the fixed volume of 2 mu L are dropped on a hydrophilic surface every time, the calculated initial contact angle is taken as the contact angle measurement value of the hydrophilic surface, the parallel measurement is carried out for 6 times, and the average value is calculated.
In the invention, the water collection efficiency parameter is tested without special condition description: the test temperature (T) and the Relative Humidity (RH) were set to 20 ℃ and 90%, respectively, and a film sample (water-collecting sheet) having a size of 10cm × 10cm was fixed to a holder at an inclination of 45 ° to the mist flow of the humidifier, and the mist flow (about 25cm · s) was generated by an ultrasonic humidifier -1 ) (ii) a The distance between the sample and the mist outlet is 5cm and 10cm; test 1h, the membrane catchment mass m/g, weighed, and the water collection efficiency (η) calculated by the following formula: η = m/st, where s is the sample surface area/cm 2 And t is the measurement time/h.
According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the water collecting assembly is formed by assembling water collecting sheets in parallel through a framework at an inclination angle of 30-60 degrees, and the vertical distance between the water collecting assembly and the water surface is 0-10cm;
the water collecting sheet comprises a selectable substrate and a hydrophilic surface loaded on the substrate, the hydrophilic surface is a foamed polypropylene sheet with a micro-nano structure, hydrophilic side groups are grafted on the micro-nano structure, and the micro-nano structure exists in a convex and/or groove form;
wherein, in the hydrophilic surface, the surface grafting rate of the hydrophilic side group is 10-50wt%;
wherein the average pore diameter of the surface of the foamed polypropylene sheet is 10-100 mu m; the bending strength is 0.1-1MPa; the thickness is 0.1-1cm;
wherein the hydrophilic surface is prepared by the following method: contacting the foamed polypropylene sheet with an etching agent and carrying out first drying to form bulges and/or grooves with micro-nano structures on the foamed polypropylene sheet so as to obtain a modified foamed polypropylene sheet; coating a monomer with a hydrophilic side group on the modified foamed polypropylene sheet, and then carrying out microwave irradiation to graft the hydrophilic side group on the micro-nano structure of the foamed polypropylene sheet.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of making a water collection assembly, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Contacting a polypropylene sheet with an etching agent and carrying out first drying to form bulges and/or grooves with micro-nano structures on the polypropylene sheet so as to obtain a modified polypropylene sheet;
(2) Coating a monomer with a hydrophilic side group on the modified polypropylene sheet, and then performing microwave irradiation to graft the hydrophilic side group on the micro-nano structure of the modified polypropylene sheet to obtain a hydrophilic surface;
(3) Assembling a plurality of water-collecting sheets containing the hydrophilic surface to obtain a water-collecting assembly;
wherein the inclination angle of the water collecting sheet is 10-80 degrees;
wherein, in the hydrophilic surface, the surface grafting rate of the hydrophilic side group is 10-50wt%.
In the method provided by the invention, the hydrophilic side group can be grafted on the modified polypropylene sheet without adding an initiator. Namely, the hydrophilic surface prepared by the method provided by the invention does not contain initiator residues, and the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic surface is improved on the premise of ensuring that the mechanical property of the hydrophilic surface is not influenced.
In the present invention, in step (1), the polypropylene sheet is defined as above, and the present invention is not described in detail herein.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in step (1), the weight ratio of the polypropylene sheet to the etchant is 0.1-100:100, for example, 0.1:100, more preferably 1 to 30:100. by adopting the optimal weight ratio, the etchant can uniformly cover the surface of the polypropylene sheet, and the polypropylene sheet and the etchant can be more favorably fully contacted and mixed, so that a micro-nano structure can be favorably formed on the surface of the polypropylene sheet.
In the present invention, there is a wide range of choices for the kind of the etchant as long as etching can be performed on the surface of the polypropylene sheet. Preferably, the etchant is a polar organic solvent selected from at least one of toluene, xylene, diphenyl ether, butyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, n-heptane, n-octane, and decalin.
In the present invention, there is a wide range of selection of the conditions for the contacting. Preferably, in step (1), the contacting conditions include: the temperature is 15-70 ℃, preferably 20-60 ℃; the time is 1-24h, preferably 5-15h.
In the present invention, there is a wide range of options for the manner of contact. Preferably, the contacting is by soaking; namely, the polypropylene sheet is soaked in the etching agent, wherein the soaking temperature is 15-70 ℃, and the soaking time is 1-24h.
In the present invention, the first drying is intended to remove the etchant in the contact product. Preferably, the conditions of the first drying include: the temperature is 80-120 ℃, preferably 80-100 ℃; the time is 1-10h, preferably 1-5h.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in step (2), the weight ratio of the monomer of the hydrophilic side group to the modified polypropylene sheet is 10 to 50:100, for example, 10: 100. the optimal weight ratio is favorable for the full mixing and grafting reaction of raw materials, so that the grafting rate of the hydrophilic side group in the hydrophilic surface is improved.
In the present invention, in step (2), the monomers of the hydrophilic side groups are defined as above, and the present invention is not repeated herein.
In the present invention, the coating method can be selected from a wide range, as long as the monomer of the hydrophilic side group is uniformly coated on the modified polypropylene sheet. Preferably, the coating is by mechanical direct spreading, liquid spraying above the melting point of the monomer.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the monomer of the hydrophilic side group is mechanically sprayed onto the modified polypropylene sheet. During the microwave irradiation process, the monomer of the hydrophilic side group can be liquefied and gasified, wherein the gasification process can enable the hydrophilic side group to be uniformly grafted on the modified polypropylene sheet.
In the present invention, the conditions for the microwave irradiation can be selected from a wide range, as long as the monomer of the hydrophilic side group is grafted to the modified polypropylene sheet. Preferably, the conditions of the microwave irradiation include: the irradiation power is 1500-27000W, preferably 1500-15000W; the irradiation time is 1s-1min, preferably 1-30s.
In some embodiments of the present invention, it is preferable that the number of times of the microwave irradiation is 1 or more, preferably 1 to 5 times.
According to the present invention, preferably, the microwave irradiation process may be performed multiple times, preferably 1 to 5 times, with the same irradiation power and the same irradiation time. The gasification-grafting process of the grafting monomer can be repeatedly carried out on the foamed polypropylene sheet after the cycle is repeated for many times, which is beneficial to the improvement of the uniformity of the redundant grafting monomer and the grafting rate.
In the present invention, the microwave irradiation is carried out in various microwave reactors known in the prior art without specific description.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, in step (3), the assembling includes: and a plurality of water collecting sheets are assembled in parallel through a framework at an inclination angle of 10-80 degrees.
In the present invention, the type of the skeleton and the water-collecting sheet are defined as above without any special description, and the present invention is not described herein again.
According to the present invention, preferably, the method further comprises: and before the assembly, cleaning and drying the microwave irradiation product for the second time to remove the unreacted monomer of the hydrophilic side group in the microwave irradiation product.
In the present invention, the cleaning method may be selected from a wide range, and a monomer capable of removing the remaining hydrophilic side group may be used.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the microwave irradiated product is immediately soaked for 5-15min at high temperature using a cleaning solution having a volume exceeding that of the microwave irradiated product, and then excess water is removed using a filtering device; and repeating the cleaning for 2-6 times to obtain a cleaned microwave irradiation product.
In the present invention, there is a wide selection range for the cleaning liquid. Preferably, the cleaning solution is selected from water and/or organic solvents, preferably at least one selected from alcohols, ketones, esters and water, more preferably alcohols and/or water.
According to the present invention, preferably, the method further comprises: when the monomer of the hydrophilic side group is organic acid, anhydride and/or ester of organic acid, the second dried product and alkali are subjected to salinization reaction, and the salinization reaction product is subjected to cleaning and third drying, so that the grafted hydrophilic side group is converted into organic acid salt, and the hydrophilicity of the water collecting sheet is further improved.
In the present invention, there is a wide range of selection of the kind of the base as long as the organic acid, the acid anhydride and/or the ester of the organic acid are converted into a salt by a salination reaction. Preferably, the base is selected from hydroxides and/or aqueous ammonia, preferably hydroxides.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the hydroxide is selected from at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ferric hydroxide, ferrous hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, cobalt hydroxide, gold hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, copper hydroxide, beryllium hydroxide, and rare earth hydroxides, preferably at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the weight ratio of the alkali to the modified polypropylene sheet is 10 to 25:100, e.g., 10: 100.
in the present invention, the alkali may be directly subjected to the salination reaction with the third dried product, or may be present in the form of an alkali solution, that is, an aqueous solution containing alkali is preferably used for salination reaction.
In some embodiments of the present invention, preferably, the weight ratio of alkali to water in the lye is between 0.1 and 100:100, for example, 0.1:100, preferably 1 to 30:100. the optimized weight ratio is more favorable for improving the efficiency of salinization reaction and improving the hydrophilicity of the water collecting sheet.
In the present invention, the conditions of the salination reaction are widely selected, and the time of the salination reaction is preferably 1-30min, preferably 5-10min. In the present invention, the temperature and pressure of the salination reaction are not limited, and are generally normal temperature and normal pressure.
In some embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred that the product of the salination reaction is immediately soaked for 5-15min with a volume of solvent exceeding that of the grafted polypropylene sheet, and then excess water is removed using a filtration device; repeating for 2-6 times to obtain the clean salinization reaction product.
In the present invention, both the second drying and the third drying may be performed by air-blast drying or normal-temperature drying, and the details of the present invention are not repeated. Preferably, the temperature of the second drying and the third drying does not exceed 140 ℃ (melting point of random copolymer polypropylene is 140 plus DEG C) so as to avoid melting the polypropylene sheet.
The invention provides a water collecting device, wherein the water collecting component provided by the first aspect or the water collecting component prepared by the method provided by the second aspect is arranged in the water collecting device.
Compared with a polypropylene sheet, the water collecting sheet with the hydrophilic surface provided by the invention has super-hydrophilic performance; meanwhile, the water collecting sheet provided by the invention does not reduce the molecular weight of the polypropylene sheet, has no monomer residue of hydrophilic side groups, is colorless and odorless, has greatly improved hydrophilicity, is lasting and stable, and has a more obvious water collecting effect when being arranged in a water collecting device.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples.
The water contact angle parameter adopts an EASY DROP contact angle tester of Germany KRUSS company, the measurement range is 1-180 degrees, the resolution is +/-0.1 degrees, a dynamic contact angle measurement mode is adopted, deionized water DROPs or white oil DROPs with the fixed volume of 2 mu L are dropped on the hydrophilic surface every time, the calculated initial contact angle is taken as the contact angle measurement value of the hydrophilic surface, the parallel measurement is carried out for 6 times, and the average value is calculated.
The surface grafting rate parameter is obtained by measuring the content of the main element of the grafting component on the hydrophilic surface by adopting an energy spectrum accessory of a scanning electron microscope of Hitachi, japan, and reversely deducing the content of the graft on the hydrophilic surface by the molecular formula of the graft to be used as the surface grafting rate.
Testing water collection efficiency parameters: the test temperature (T) and the Relative Humidity (RH) were set to 20 ℃ and 90%, respectively, and a water-collecting sheet having a size of 10cm × 10cm was fixed to a holder at an inclination of 45 ° to the mist flow of the humidifier, and the mist flow (about 25cm · s) was generated by an ultrasonic humidifier -1 ) (ii) a The distance between the water collecting sheet and the fog outlet is 5cm and 10cm; test 1h, the water-collecting sheet was weighed for water collection mass m/g, and water collection efficiency (η) was calculated by the following formula: η = m/st, wherein s is the surface area of the water-collecting sheet/cm 2 And t is the measurement time/h.
The foamed polypropylene sheet-1 is prepared by foaming an injection molded polypropylene sheet-1 by supercritical carbon dioxide; wherein the foamed polypropylene sheet-1 contains 90wt% of random copolymerization polypropylene, has a surface average pore diameter of 50 μm, a bending strength of 0.15MPa, and a thickness of 0.1cm.
The foamed polypropylene sheet-2 is prepared by foaming an injection molded polypropylene sheet-2 by supercritical carbon dioxide; wherein, the content of the random copolymerization polypropylene in the foamed polypropylene sheet-2 is 70wt%, the surface average pore diameter is 40 μm, the bending strength is 0.45MPa, and the thickness is 0.5cm.
The foamed polypropylene sheet-3 is prepared by foaming an injection molded polypropylene sheet-3 by supercritical carbon dioxide; wherein, the content of the random copolymerization polypropylene in the foamed polypropylene sheet-3 is 80wt%, the surface average pore diameter is 25 μm, the bending strength is 0.33MPa, and the thickness is 1cm.
Injection molded polypropylene sheet-1 (70 wt% polypropylene random copolymer E02ES blended with 30wt% POE) was obtained from Stiches New materials, inc., jiangsu Suzhou, with a smooth and flat surface, a flexural strength of 10.5MPa, and a thickness of 0.1cm.
Injection-molded polypropylene sheet-2 (a blend of 90wt% random copolymer polypropylene E02ES and 10wt% homo-polypropylene T30S), available from Jiaxing, zhejiang, new Hengtai New Material Co., ltd., smooth and flat surface, flexural strength 17.5MPa, and thickness 0.1cm.
Injection-molded polypropylene sheet-3 (random copolymer polypropylene E02 ES), available from Ningbo-Mitsui materials science and technology Co., ltd, had a smooth and flat surface, a flexural strength of 15.0MPa and a thickness of 0.1cm.
Xylene (national chemical reagent corporation), decalin (national chemical reagent corporation), maleic anhydride (western longa science corporation), acrylic acid (national chemical reagent corporation), methacrylic acid (national chemical reagent corporation), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (national chemical reagent corporation), sodium hydroxide (western longa science corporation), potassium hydroxide (western longa science corporation), calcium hydroxide (western longa science corporation), acetone (western longa science corporation), sodium chloride (national chemical reagent corporation), vinyltrimethoxysilane (tokyo chemical industry co.); various other starting materials are commercially available.
Physical property parameters of the hydrophilic surface and the water-collecting sheet obtained in examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.
Example 1
(1) Soaking 10g of polypropylene sheet (foamed polypropylene sheet-1, water contact angle of 108 ℃) in 100g of etching agent (dimethylbenzene), soaking in a thermostat at 25 ℃ for 12h in a sealed manner, and then placing in a 90 ℃ forced air drying oven for 2h to obtain a modified polypropylene sheet;
(2) Dissolving 10 parts by weight of alkali (sodium hydroxide) in 50 parts by weight of deionized water to obtain alkali liquor;
coating 10 parts by weight of maleic anhydride powder on 100 parts by weight of modified polypropylene sheet in a mechanical spraying manner, and performing microwave irradiation for 25s under the irradiation power of 2000W, circulating for 2 times, and spacing for 1min each time; soaking the product irradiated by the microwave in deionized water for 10min, replacing the deionized water for 3 times to ensure that maleic anhydride which does not participate in the grafting reaction is removed, and then placing the cleaning product at 80 ℃ for forced air drying and drying;
performing salinization reaction on the dried product and the alkali liquor for 5min, soaking the salinization reaction product in deionized water for 10min, replacing the deionized water for 3 times to ensure that unreacted alkali is removed, and then placing the cleaning product at 80 ℃ for forced air drying and drying to obtain a hydrophilic surface S1;
(3) The hydrophilic surface S1 is taken as a water collecting sheet Q1, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets Q1 in parallel at an inclination angle of 45 degrees, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet Q1 is
So that the projection of the water-collecting sheet Q1 can cover the water surface by 100%.
Example 2
(1) Soaking 10g of polypropylene sheet (foamed polypropylene sheet-1, water contact angle of 108 ℃) in 100g of etching agent (dimethylbenzene), soaking in a thermostat at 25 ℃ for 12h in a sealed manner, and then placing in a 90 ℃ forced air drying oven for 2h to obtain a modified polypropylene sheet;
(2) Dissolving 10 parts by weight of alkali (potassium hydroxide) in 50 parts by weight of deionized water to obtain alkali liquor;
coating 20 parts by weight of maleic anhydride powder on 100 parts by weight of modified polypropylene sheet in a mechanical spraying manner, and performing microwave irradiation for 20s under the irradiation power of 5000W, circulating for 3 times, and spacing for 1min each time; soaking the product irradiated by the microwave in deionized water for 10min, replacing the deionized water for 3 times to ensure that maleic anhydride which does not participate in the grafting reaction is removed, and then placing the cleaning product at 80 ℃ for forced air drying and drying;
performing salinization reaction on the dried product and the alkali liquor for 5min, soaking the salinization reaction product in deionized water for 10min, replacing the deionized water for 3 times to ensure that unreacted alkali is removed, and then placing the cleaning product at 80 ℃ for forced air drying and drying to obtain a hydrophilic surface S2;
(3) The hydrophilic surface S2 is taken as a water collecting sheet Q2, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets Q2 in parallel at an inclination angle of 60 degrees, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet Q2 is 0.5, so that the projection of the water collecting sheet Q2 can cover the water surface by 100 percent.
Example 3
(1) Soaking 10g of polypropylene sheet (foamed polypropylene sheet-2 with a water contact angle of 112 ℃) in 90g of etching agent (decahydronaphthalene), soaking in a thermostat at 50 ℃ for 4h in a sealed manner, and then placing in a forced air drying oven at 80 ℃ for 2h to obtain a modified polypropylene sheet;
(2) Dissolving 25 parts by weight of alkali (potassium hydroxide) in 100 parts by weight of deionized water to obtain an alkali liquor;
coating 30 parts by weight of 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid powder on 100 parts by weight of modified polypropylene sheet in a mechanical spraying manner, and performing microwave irradiation for 10s under the irradiation power of 10000W for 3 times in a circulating manner at intervals of 1min each time; soaking the product of microwave irradiation in deionized water for 10min, replacing the deionized water for 3 times to ensure that 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid which does not participate in the grafting reaction is removed, and then placing the cleaning product at 80 ℃ for forced air drying and drying;
performing salinization reaction on the dried product and the alkali liquor for 5min, soaking the salinization reaction product in deionized water for 10min, replacing the deionized water for 3 times to ensure that unreacted alkali is removed, and then placing the cleaning product at 80 ℃ for forced air drying and drying to obtain a hydrophilic surface S3;
(3) The hydrophilic surface S3 is taken as a water collecting sheet Q3, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets Q3 in parallel at an inclination angle of 30 degrees, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet Q3 is
So that the projection of the water-collecting sheet Q3 can cover the water surface by 100%.
Example 4
(1) Soaking 10g of polypropylene sheet (foamed polypropylene sheet-3, water contact angle of 108 ℃) in 90g of etching agent (decahydronaphthalene), soaking in a thermostat at 25 ℃ for 10h in a sealed manner, and then placing in a forced air drying oven at 80 ℃ for 2h to obtain a modified polypropylene sheet;
(2) Dissolving 20 parts by weight of alkali (potassium hydroxide) in 50 parts by weight of deionized water to obtain alkali liquor;
coating 50 parts by weight of methacrylic acid liquid on 100 parts by weight of modified polypropylene sheet in a mechanical spraying manner, and performing microwave irradiation for 3s under the irradiation power of 15000W, circulating for 5 times, and spacing for 1min each time; soaking the product subjected to microwave irradiation in deionized water for 10min, replacing the deionized water for 3 times to ensure that methacrylic acid which does not participate in the grafting reaction is removed, and then placing the cleaning product at 80 ℃ for forced air drying and drying to obtain a hydrophilic surface S4;
(3) The hydrophilic surface S4 is taken as a water collecting sheet Q4, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets Q4 in parallel at an inclination angle of 30 degrees, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet Q4 is 0.5, so that the projection of the water collecting sheet Q4 can cover the water surface by 100 percent.
Example 5
(1) Soaking 10g of polypropylene sheet (foamed polypropylene sheet-3, water contact angle of 108 ℃) in 90g of etching agent (decahydronaphthalene), soaking in a thermostat at 25 ℃ for 10h in a sealed manner, and then placing in a forced air drying oven at 80 ℃ for 2h to obtain a modified polypropylene sheet;
(2) Coating 40 parts by weight of vinyl trimethoxy silane liquid on 100 parts by weight of modified polypropylene sheet by adopting a mechanical spraying mode, and performing microwave irradiation for 2s under the irradiation power of 20000W, circulating for 4 times, and spacing 1min every time; soaking the product of microwave irradiation in deionized water for 10min, replacing the deionized water for 3 times to ensure that vinyl trimethoxy silane which does not participate in grafting reaction is removed, and then placing the cleaning product at 80 ℃ for blast drying and drying to obtain a hydrophilic surface S5;
(3) The hydrophilic surface S5 is taken as a water collecting sheet Q5, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets Q5 in parallel at an inclination angle of 60 degrees, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet Q5 is
So that the projection of the water-collecting sheet Q5 can cover the water surface by 100%.
Example 6
Following the procedure of example 1 except that in the step (1), 10g of the polypropylene sheet (expanded polypropylene sheet-1, water contact angle 108 °) was replaced with 35g of the polypropylene sheet (expanded polypropylene sheet-1, water contact angle 108 °), the same conditions were applied, hydrophilic surface S6 and water-collecting sheet Q6 were obtained.
Example 7
The hydrophilic surface S7 and the water-collecting sheet Q7 were obtained by following the procedure of example 1 except that 10 parts by weight of the maleic anhydride powder was replaced with 50 parts by weight of the maleic anhydride powder in the step (2) and the other conditions were the same.
Example 8
The method of example 1 was followed except that, in step (2), the conditions of microwave irradiation were modified as follows: and (5) performing microwave irradiation for 1S under the irradiation power of 27000W, and obtaining a hydrophilic surface S8 and a water-collecting sheet Q8 under the same conditions.
Comparative example 1
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that, without steps (1) to (2), a polypropylene sheet (foamed polypropylene sheet-1, water contact angle 108 °) was used as the hydrophilic surface DS1;
in the step (3), the hydrophilic surface DS1 is used as a water collecting sheet DQ1, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets DQ1 in parallel at an inclination angle of 45 degrees, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet DQ1 is
So that the projection of the water collecting sheet DQ1 can cover the water surface by 100 percent。
Comparative example 2
The procedure of example 1 was followed, except that, without the step (1), 10 parts by weight of maleic anhydride powder was directly applied to 100 parts by weight of a polypropylene sheet (expanded polypropylene sheet-1, water contact angle 108 °) by means of mechanical spraying to obtain a hydrophilic surface DS2;
in the step (3), the hydrophilic surface DS2 is used as a water collecting sheet DQ2, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets DQ2 in parallel at an inclination angle of 45 degrees, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet DQ2 is
So that the projection of the water-collecting sheet DQ2 can cover 100% of the water surface.
Comparative example 2'
Following the procedure of example 1, except that the foamed polypropylene sheet-1 was replaced with the injection-molded polypropylene sheet-1, the same conditions were applied, hydrophilic surface DS2 'and water-collecting sheet DQ2' were obtained.
Comparative example 3
According to the method of example 2, except that, without the step (1), 20 parts by weight of maleic anhydride powder was directly applied to 100 parts by weight of a polypropylene sheet (foamed polypropylene sheet-1, water contact angle 108 °) by means of mechanical spraying to obtain a hydrophilic surface DS3;
in the step (3), the hydrophilic surface DS3 is used as a water collecting sheet DQ3, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets DQ3 in parallel at an inclination angle of 60 °, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet DQ3 is 0.5, so that the projection of the water collecting sheet DQ3 can cover the water surface by 100%.
Comparative example 4
The procedure of example 3 was followed, except that, without steps (1) to (2), a polypropylene sheet (foamed polypropylene sheet-2, water contact angle of 112 ℃) was used as the hydrophilic surface DS4;
in the step (3), the hydrophilic surface DS4 is used as a water collecting sheet DQ4, and the water collecting group is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheet DQ4 in parallel at an inclination angle of 30 DEGWherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet DQ4 is
So that the projection of the water collecting sheet DQ4 can cover 100% of the water surface.
Comparative example 5
The procedure of example 3 was followed, except that, without the step (1), 30 parts by weight of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid powder was directly applied by mechanical spraying to 100 parts by weight of a polypropylene sheet (expanded polypropylene sheet-2, water contact angle 112 °) to obtain a hydrophilic surface DS5;
in the step (3), the hydrophilic surface DS5 is used as a water collecting sheet DQ5, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets DQ5 in parallel at an inclination angle of 30 degrees, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet DQ4 is
So that the projection of the water collecting sheet DQ4 can cover 100% of the water surface.
Comparative example 5'
Following the procedure of example 3, except that the foamed polypropylene sheet-2 was replaced with the injection-molded polypropylene sheet-2, the same conditions were applied, hydrophilic surface DS5 'and water-collecting sheet DQ5' were obtained.
Comparative example 6
The procedure of example 4 was followed, except that, without steps (1) to (2), a polypropylene sheet (foamed polypropylene sheet-3, water contact angle 108 ℃) was used as the hydrophilic surface DS6;
in the step (3), the hydrophilic surface DS6 is used as a water collecting sheet DQ6, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets DQ6 in parallel at an inclination angle of 30 °, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet DQ6 is 0.5, so that the projection of the water collecting sheet DQ6 can cover the water surface by 100%.
Comparative example 7
The procedure of example 4 was followed, except that, without the step (1), 50 parts by weight of a methacrylic acid liquid was directly applied to 100 parts by weight of a polypropylene sheet (expanded polypropylene sheet-3, water contact angle 108 °) by means of mechanical spraying to obtain a hydrophilic surface DS7;
in the step (3), the hydrophilic surface DS7 is used as a water collecting sheet DQ7, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets DQ7 in parallel at an inclination angle of 30 °, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet DQ6 is 0.5, so that the projection of the water collecting sheet DQ7 can cover the water surface by 100%.
Comparative example 7'
Following the procedure of example 4, except that the foamed polypropylene sheet-3 was replaced with the injection-molded polypropylene sheet-3, the same conditions were applied, hydrophilic surface DS7 'and water-collecting sheet DQ7' were obtained.
Comparative example 8
The procedure of example 5 was followed, except that, without the step (1), 40 parts by weight of vinyltrimethoxysilane liquid was applied to 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene sheet (foamed polypropylene sheet-3, water contact angle 108 °) by means of mechanical spraying to give a hydrophilic surface DS8;
in the step (3), the hydrophilic surface DS8 is used as a water collecting sheet DQ8, and the water collecting assembly is obtained by assembling the water collecting sheets DQ8 in parallel at an inclination angle of 60 degrees, wherein the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheet DQ8 is
So that the projection of the water-collecting sheet DQ8 can cover 100% of the water surface.
TABLE 1
The data in table 1 show that, compared with polypropylene sheets, the hydrophilic surface provided by the invention effectively improves the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic surface to achieve super-hydrophilicity on the premise of ensuring that the mechanical property is not changed; meanwhile, the water collecting sheet with the hydrophilic surface has a small water contact angle and high water collecting efficiency, and particularly, the comprehensive performance of the water collecting assembly with the hydrophilic surface is further improved by adjusting the surface grafting rate parameter of the hydrophilic surface in the water collecting sheet, so that the water collecting efficiency of the water collecting assembly is improved.
Compared with example 6, in example 1, the weight ratio of the polypropylene sheet to the etchant is limited in a preferable protection range, and the hydrophilic performance of the hydrophilic surface is further improved by reducing the water contact angle and increasing the grafting ratio, so that the water collection efficiency of the water collection sheet containing the hydrophilic surface is effectively improved.
Compared with example 7, in example 1, the weight ratio of the monomer with the hydrophilic side group to the modified polypropylene sheet is limited within the preferable protection range, and the hydrophilic performance of the hydrophilic surface is further improved by improving the grafting ratio, so that the water collection efficiency of the water collection sheet with the hydrophilic surface is effectively improved.
Compared with example 8, in example 1, the hydrophilic performance of the hydrophilic surface is further improved by reducing the water contact angle and increasing the grafting ratio by limiting the conditions of microwave irradiation within the preferable protection range, so that the water collection efficiency of the water collection sheet containing the hydrophilic surface is effectively improved.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including various technical features being combined in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A water collecting component is characterized in that the water collecting component is formed by assembling a plurality of water collecting sheets, and the inclination angle of each water collecting sheet is 10-80 degrees;
the water collecting sheet contains a hydrophilic surface, the hydrophilic surface is a polypropylene sheet with a micro-nano structure, hydrophilic side groups are grafted on the micro-nano structure, and the micro-nano structure exists in a convex and/or groove form;
wherein, in the hydrophilic surface, the surface grafting rate of the hydrophilic side group is 10-50wt%.
2. The water collection assembly according to claim 1, wherein said water collection assembly is assembled from a plurality of said water collection sheets in parallel by a skeleton at an inclination angle of 10-80 °;
preferably, the water-collecting sheet has an inclination angle of 30-60 °;
preferably, the ratio of the distance between two adjacent water collecting sheets to the width of the water collecting sheets is 0.1-0.9:1, preferably
Preferably, the vertical distance between the bottom of the water collecting component and the water surface is less than 15cm, and preferably 0-10cm;
preferably, the water-collecting sheet further contains a substrate, and the hydrophilic surface is supported on the substrate.
3. A water collecting assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polypropylene sheet is a foamed polypropylene sheet;
preferably, the average pore diameter of the surface of the foamed polypropylene sheet is 10-100 μm, preferably 20-60 μm; the bending strength is 0.1-1MPa, preferably 0.1-0.5MPa; the thickness is 0.1-1cm, preferably 0.1-0.5cm;
preferably, the foamed polypropylene sheet is prepared by foaming at least one of a homo-polypropylene sheet, a random co-polypropylene sheet and an impact co-polypropylene sheet with the polypropylene content of more than or equal to 50wt%;
preferably, the length of the micro-nano structure is 1nm-100 μm, preferably 500nm-50 μm; the depth is 1 μm to 1mm, preferably 50 to 500. Mu.m.
4. A water collecting assembly according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the hydrophilic side groups are side groups containing heteroatoms of at least one element selected from oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen, silicon and halogens and carbon-carbon double bonds;
preferably, the monomer of the hydrophilic side group is selected from at least one of an organic acid, an organic acid derivative, and a vinyl silane.
5. A water collecting assembly according to any of the claims 1-4, wherein the water collecting sheet has a water contact angle < 30 °, preferably 0-15 °, more preferably 0 °; the water collecting efficiency is more than 20g/cm 2 H, preferably from 25 to 50g/cm 2 ·h。
6. A method of making a water collection assembly, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Contacting a polypropylene sheet with an etching agent and carrying out first drying to form bulges and/or grooves with micro-nano structures on the polypropylene sheet so as to obtain a modified polypropylene sheet;
(2) Coating a monomer with a hydrophilic side group on the modified polypropylene sheet, and then performing microwave irradiation to graft the hydrophilic side group on the micro-nano structure of the modified polypropylene sheet to obtain a hydrophilic surface;
(3) Assembling a plurality of water-collecting sheets containing the hydrophilic surface to obtain a water-collecting assembly;
wherein the inclination angle of the water collecting sheet is 10-80 degrees;
wherein, in the hydrophilic surface, the surface grafting rate of the hydrophilic side group is 10-50wt%.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (1), the weight ratio of the polypropylene sheet to the etching agent is 0.1-100:100, preferably 0.5 to 50:100, more preferably 1 to 30:100, respectively;
preferably, the contacting is by soaking.
8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein in step (2), the weight ratio of the monomer of the hydrophilic side group to the modified polypropylene sheet is 10-50:100, preferably 10 to 30:100, respectively;
preferably, the conditions of the microwave irradiation include: the irradiation power is 1500-27000W, preferably 1500-15000W; the irradiation time is 1s-1min, preferably 1-30s;
preferably, in step (3), the assembling manner includes: and a plurality of water collecting sheets are assembled in parallel through a framework at an inclination angle of 10-80 degrees.
9. The method of any of claims 6-8, wherein the method further comprises: before the assembly, cleaning and secondary drying the product of the microwave irradiation;
preferably, the method further comprises: when the monomer of the hydrophilic side group is organic acid, anhydride and/or ester of the organic acid, salinizing the second dried product with alkali, cleaning the salinized product, and drying for the third time.
10. A water collecting device, characterized in that the water collecting assembly according to any one of claims 1-5 or the water collecting assembly manufactured by the method according to any one of claims 6-9 is arranged in the water collecting device.
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| WO2014000167A1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-03 | 新乡市中科科技有限公司 | Method for continuous hydrophilic modification of microporous polypropylene film |
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| CN112409628A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-02-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Super-wetting surface and preparation method and application thereof |
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| WO2014000167A1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-03 | 新乡市中科科技有限公司 | Method for continuous hydrophilic modification of microporous polypropylene film |
| KR20140133327A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-19 | 단국대학교 산학협력단 | Method for fabricating superhydrophobic surface of polymeric material |
| CN112409628A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-02-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Super-wetting surface and preparation method and application thereof |
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