CN115818839A - Rural sewage integrated treatment device and method suitable for various water qualities - Google Patents
Rural sewage integrated treatment device and method suitable for various water qualities Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a rural sewage integrated treatment device and method suitable for various water qualities, and relates to the field of sewage treatment; aiming at the problems of difficult arrangement and large occupied space caused by the dispersion of the prior process and facility structure composition for rural sewage treatment, the areas required for sewage treatment are formed by adopting a mode of dividing the inside of a container, and a synchronous nitrification and denitrification area, a denitrification area and a nitrification area are integrated in one container, so that the integrated arrangement is realized, the transportation and the movement use are facilitated, and the device is adapted to the dispersed use scene in rural areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a rural sewage integrated treatment device and method suitable for various water qualities.
Background
The rural domestic sewage treatment has the following characteristics. Firstly, the rural domestic sewage treatment infrastructure is not perfect, and the treatment method is traditional, so that sewage is not treated completely, and sewage shunting and water quality deterioration are easily caused; secondly, sewage discharge sources in rural areas are wide, sewage collection difficulty is high, and a special sewage treatment pipeline is lacked; thirdly, the rural coverage is wide, the amount of generated domestic sewage is large, and the capital and labor cost required for maintaining the sewage treatment device is large. The urban and rural domestic sewage treatment mode is changed from centralized treatment and non-treatment to on-site treatment mode, and the rural domestic sewage has the characteristics of node dispersion, large water quantity change coefficient, large water quality fluctuation range and the like.
At present, rural domestic sewage treatment modes mainly relate to an artificial wetland treatment system, an underground soil infiltration and purification system, an aerobic and anaerobic biological treatment system and the like. Chinese patent (publication No. CN 110902948B) discloses a rural distributed domestic sewage treatment process for strengthening phosphorus removal and recovery, which adopts fixed bed packing, sewage flows through the packing and is adsorbed and degraded under the action of microorganisms to realize sewage purification, but the whole reaction area still occupies a large space, the components are dispersed, so that the movement and adjustment are difficult, and the arrangement of dispersed households in the rural area is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rural sewage integrated treatment device and method suitable for various water qualities aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The invention aims to provide a rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities, which adopts the following scheme:
the device comprises a container, wherein the container is divided into a first area and a second area which are arranged left and right and communicated with each other at the bottoms through a partition plate, fillers are respectively arranged in the first area and the second area, a first aerobic area and an anoxic area which are distributed up and down are formed in the first area, and a second aerobic area is formed in the second area; sewage to be treated enters from the top of the first area, sequentially passes through the first aerobic zone, the anoxic zone and the second aerobic zone and then is discharged from the top of the second area.
Further, polyurethane foam is adopted as the filler of the first aerobic zone, and a synchronous nitrification and denitrification zone is formed.
Furthermore, an aeration structure is arranged at the bottom of the first aerobic zone, and the moving direction of the output gas of the aeration structure is opposite to the flowing direction of the sewage.
Furthermore, the filler in the anoxic zone is polyurethane foam, iron shavings doped with the polyurethane foam and slow-release carbon source particles to form a denitrification zone.
Furthermore, the filler in the second aerobic zone is polyurethane foam and ceramsite doped in the polyurethane foam, so that a nitrification zone is formed.
Furthermore, an aeration structure is arranged at the bottom of the second aerobic zone, and the moving direction of the output gas of the aeration structure is the same as the flowing direction of the sewage.
Furthermore, a backflow structure is arranged between the top of the first area and the top of the second area, and part of the nitrified liquid in the second area flows to the first area in a unidirectional mode through the backflow structure.
Furthermore, a water inlet is formed in the top of the first area, a water outlet is formed in the top of the second area, and a sludge discharge port is formed in the bottom of the second area.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a treatment method, which utilizes the rural sewage integrated treatment device for various water qualities of the first purpose, and comprises the following steps:
the sewage to be treated enters the container from the top of the first area, and an oxidation film is formed in the filler;
the sewage is contacted with air for oxygen enrichment in the first aerobic zone to realize the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen and COD, the anoxic zone performs denitrification and phosphorus absorption on the sewage, and the second aerobic zone performs enhanced pollutant adsorption and ensures the oxidation effect;
the sewage passing through the second aerobic zone is discharged from the top of the second zone.
Further, part of the sewage passing through the second aerobic zone is discharged from the top of the second zone, and the other sewage passing through the second aerobic zone flows back to the first zone.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) Aiming at the problems of difficult arrangement and large occupied space caused by the dispersion of the prior process and facility structure for rural sewage treatment, the various regions required by sewage treatment are formed by adopting a mode of dividing the interior of a container, and a synchronous nitrification and denitrification region, a denitrification region and a nitrification region are integrated in one container, so that the integrated arrangement is realized, the transportation and the movement use are facilitated, and the device is adapted to the dispersed use scene in rural regions.
(2) Polyurethane foam is used as a carrier, the particle size of a filter material is large, back washing is not needed, an oxidation film with high specific surface area and strong hydrophilicity is formed in the polyurethane foam, separation of sludge retention time and sewage retention time can be realized, and operation regulation and control are better.
(3) Compared with the conventional gravel and other fillers, the polyurethane foam carrier is low in density and light in weight, is easy to replace and maintain when in problem, is light in weight, is beneficial to carrying and moving, is added with iron shavings and ceramsite to reinforce the removal of phosphorus, realizes higher total phosphorus removal rate at lower cost, and has better adaptability to the fluctuation of the inlet water quality.
(4) The container is divided into two areas through a partition board to form different reaction areas, corresponding volume ratios are configured for the different reaction areas, nitrification of inlet water is realized through oxygen enrichment and aeration of the atmosphere, denitrification is realized by utilizing slow-release carbon source PBS, electron donor iron shavings and the like, and the treatment efficiency of total nitrogen by utilizing inlet water COD is improved through one-way backflow of nitrifying liquid.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are included to illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 the first aerobic zone, 2 the aeration structure, 3 the anoxic zone, 4 the second aerobic zones, 5 the mud hole, 6 the delivery port, 7 the nitration liquid backward flow, 8 water inlets, 9 baffles.
Detailed Description
Example 1
In a typical embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, a rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities is provided.
Rural domestic sewage has characteristics such as node dispersion, water yield coefficient of variation is big, quality of water fluctuation range is big, and current sewage treatment process, facility are mostly applicable to the scene of centralized processing, although some can satisfy rural decentralized processing's demand, but because rural sewage quality of water is various, lead to its structure composition dispersion, be difficult to move, adjust, be difficult to arrange in each family of rural regional dispersion.
On the basis, the rural sewage integration treatment device suitable for multiple quality of water is provided in this embodiment, adopt the structure of integration, inside packing polyurethane foam and other materials, integrated aerobic zone and anoxic zone 3 carry out sewage treatment, add indisputable manganese ore, the haydite is used for strengthening getting rid of phosphorus, lower cost realizes higher total phosphorus clearance with lower cost, to the fluctuation of the quality of water that intakes have better adaptability, it is low to select polyurethane foam carrier density for use, the matter is light, the maintenance is easily changed to the problem, whole device quality is light, do benefit to the transport and remove the use, thereby adapt to the use of each family of rural regional dispersion.
The rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities in the embodiment is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities adopts a baffled water flow direction, and sewage sequentially flows through a synchronous nitrification and denitrification area with the volume ratio of 25%, a denitrification area with the volume ratio of 25% and a nitrification area with the volume ratio of 50%. The partition board 9 and the distribution of different fillers are used for realizing the division of the areas, the main body is a container, the container is divided into a first area and a second area through the partition board 9, the first area and the second area are arranged left and right, the bottoms of the first area and the second area are used for enabling sewage to enter from the top of the first area and enter from the bottom of the first area to the bottom of the second area, then the sewage is discharged from the top of the second area, and a flow path of the sewage is downward and upward firstly to form baffling type water flow direction.
The first area and the second area are respectively provided with a filler, a first aerobic area 1 and an anoxic area 3 which are distributed from top to bottom are formed in the first area, the first aerobic area 1 is located above the anoxic area 3 corresponding to the flowing direction of sewage, and the sewage enters the container and then is treated by the first aerobic area 1 and then enters the anoxic area 3.
Forming a second aerobic zone 4 after filling in the second zone; sewage to be treated enters from the top of the first area, sequentially passes through the first aerobic area 1 and the anoxic area 3, then enters the second aerobic area 4 from the bottom communication position of the first area and the second area, is treated by the second aerobic area 4, and then is discharged from the top of the second area, so that the treatment process is completed.
The filler of the first aerobic zone 1 is polyurethane foam to form a synchronous nitrification and denitrification zone which is a front half-section nitrification zone; the filler in the anoxic zone 3 is polyurethane foam, iron shavings doped with the polyurethane foam and slow-release carbon source particles to form a denitrification zone; the filler in the second aerobic zone 4 is polyurethane foam and ceramsite doped in the polyurethane foam to form a nitrification zone.
Wherein, the main filling material in the container is polyurethane foam, the exterior adopts polyurethane sponge balls, and the diameter is 5cm-10cm; the inner part adopts polyurethane foam blocks with the diameter of 1cm and the filling ratio of 80-90 percent.
As shown in fig. 1, the upper layer of the first area is a first aerobic zone 1, polyurethane foam is used as a filler to form an oxidation film with high specific surface area and strong hydrophilicity, and ammonia nitrogen and COD are oxidized by contacting with air to enrich oxygen; the lower layer of the first area is an anoxic area 3, polyurethane foam, iron shavings and slow-release carbon source particles (such as PBS and the like) are used as fillers, the polyurethane foam is used for providing a substrate for microbial growth and promoting formation of a biological film, and meanwhile, the iron shavings and the PBS can play roles in promoting denitrification and absorbing phosphorus.
For the anoxic zone 3, the iron shavings and the slow-release carbon source material are placed in a denitrification zone of a device with a polyurethane sponge ball as a main body at a volume doping rate of 5-10%, and the iron shavings can also adopt ferro-manganese ore sand.
In a denitrification area formed in the anoxic area 3, aiming at the water quality with low C/N ratio of inlet water, a solid-phase carbon source and iron-manganese ore sand are adopted to provide electrons, so that denitrification is guaranteed. When the C/N ratio of the inlet water is low, the proportion of the slow-release carbon source particles is properly increased, and when the total phosphorus of the inlet water is higher, the proportion of the iron wood shavings is properly increased.
The second aerobic zone 4 is a rear half-section nitrification zone, polyurethane foam and ceramsite are used as fillers, and the function of the second aerobic zone is to enable inlet water to flow from the zone to the zone and further enhance the adsorption of pollutants such as phosphorus and the like, and ensure the oxidation effect.
The ceramsite is placed in the rear half-section nitrification region at the volume doping rate of 5% -10%, and can be filled in polyurethane foam plastic balls, so that elastic force and low density are prevented from floating on the water surface.
For the high-phosphorus water, the phosphorus in the effluent reaches the standard through the iron ore chemical precipitation in the anoxic zone 3 and the ceramsite reinforced adsorption in the second aerobic zone 4.
In view of the fact that the functions of the iron shavings, the slow-release carbon source and the ceramsite are likely to lose effectiveness gradually along with the increase of the operation time, new fillers are required to be replaced regularly, and the first aerobic zone 1, the anoxic zone 3 and the second aerobic zone 4 are filled with the fillers respectively, so that the system is modularized in function and easy to maintain and replace.
As shown in figure 1, the bottom of the first aerobic zone 1 is provided with an aeration structure 2, the moving direction of the output gas of the aeration structure 2 is opposite to the flowing direction of the sewage, the bottom of the second aerobic zone 4 is provided with an aeration structure 2, and the moving direction of the output gas of the aeration structure 2 is the same as the flowing direction of the sewage.
The aeration structure 2 can adopt an aeration disc, the aeration discs are arranged at the middle part of the first area and the bottom of the second area, dissolved oxygen in the whole device, especially in the aerobic area, is maintained at a certain concentration, so that the activity of a biological membrane is kept, the sewage treatment efficiency is improved, in the process that sewage flows through the first area and the second area, the nitrification of inlet water is realized through oxygen enrichment and aeration of the atmosphere, and meanwhile, denitrification is realized by utilizing a slow-release carbon source PBS, electron donor iron shavings and the like.
In addition, a backflow structure is arranged between the top of the first area and the top of the second area, and part of the nitrified liquid in the second area flows to the first area in a unidirectional mode through the backflow structure. The reflux structure can adopt a one-way valve to match with a driving element, the driving element can adopt a pump, an impeller and the like, the denitrification treatment efficiency of the nitrate nitrogen is realized by utilizing COD (chemical oxygen demand) in the inlet water, the reflux percentage is determined according to the standard reaching rate of the total nitrogen of the outlet water, and the reflux ratio of the nitrification liquid is properly increased by 7 when TN (total nitrogen) is not reached.
The top in first region is equipped with water inlet 8, and the top in second region is equipped with delivery port 6, and the bottom in second region is equipped with row mud mouth 5, according to intake water quality of water and the interior microorganism acceleration rate of device confirm row mud time interval, and a period row mud is once.
Firstly, the device takes polyurethane foam as a carrier, the particle size of a selected filter material is larger, and back washing is not needed. The biomembrane method is taken as a typical process, so that the separation of the sludge retention time and the sewage retention time can be realized, and the operation regulation and control are better.
And secondly, adding ferromanganese ore or iron shavings and ceramsite into the device to strengthen the removal of phosphorus, realizing higher total phosphorus removal rate at lower cost and having better adaptability to the fluctuation of the inlet water quality.
Compared with conventional gravel and other fillers, the polyurethane foam carrier is low in density, light in weight, easy to replace and maintain when in problem, light in weight and beneficial to carrying, moving and using.
Generally speaking, the rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities in the embodiment highlights the advantages of large specific surface area, high sludge concentration, long sludge age, high oxygen utilization rate, power consumption saving, low sludge yield, low operating cost, easy operation of equipment and easy maintenance of a biological contact oxidation method, can solve the problems encountered in rural domestic sewage treatment to a certain extent, and enables effluent to meet the A standard requirement of the primary standard in the pollutant discharge Standard of municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918).
Three control groups and one experimental group are constructed, and the filling and water purification effects are as follows:
TABLE 1 comparison of Water purification effectiveness of the systems
Therefore, the filler and the device in the embodiment can realize better COD and NH by structural design 4 + TN and TP, COD and NH 4 + And the TP reaches the first-level rural domestic sewage treatment facility water pollutant discharge standard (DB 37/3693-2019), the TN purification effect is improved by 42-240 percent, and the TP purification effect is improved by 83-646 percent.
Example 2
In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method of processing is provided, as shown in FIG. 1.
With reference to fig. 1, the rural sewage integrated treatment device for various water qualities as in example 1 is utilized, and the treatment method comprises the following steps:
the sewage to be treated enters the container from the top of the first area, and an oxidation film is formed in the filler;
the sewage is contacted with air for oxygen enrichment in the first aerobic zone 1 to realize the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen and COD, the anoxic zone 3 performs denitrification and phosphorus absorption on the sewage, and the second aerobic zone 4 performs enhanced pollutant adsorption and ensures the oxidation effect;
part of the effluent passing through the second aerobic zone 4 is discharged from the top of the second zone and the remainder of the effluent passing through the second aerobic zone 4 is returned to the first zone.
Specifically, the above-described processing method will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
The treatment method of the rural sewage integrated treatment device for various water qualities comprises the following steps:
1. sewage to be treated flows through the first aerobic zone 1, polyurethane foam with the characteristics of high specific surface area, strong hydrophilicity and easiness in film formation is used as a filler in the zone, and ammonia nitrogen and COD (chemical oxygen demand) oxidation is realized through aeration and oxygen enrichment in the atmosphere;
2. the sewage enters an anoxic zone 3, and the anoxic zone 3 is added with iron shavings and PBS besides polyurethane foam, so that the denitrification is enhanced, and the adsorption and chemical precipitation of phosphorus are realized;
3. the sewage flows through the second aerobic zone 4 which takes polyurethane foam coupled ceramsite as filler, so that the adsorption of pollutants and the oxidation effect of ammonia nitrogen are further ensured.
In addition, through the mechanical reflux of the nitrifying liquid, the COD carbon source of the inlet water can be used to the maximum extent, and the treatment efficiency of the microorganisms on the total nitrogen pollutants is further improved.
The filler which takes polyurethane foam as a main body has the advantages of large particle size, no blocking risk, low operation and maintenance difficulty and wide development and utilization prospect in treating distributed rural sewage.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The rural sewage integrated treatment device is characterized by comprising a container, wherein the container is divided into a first area and a second area which are arranged left and right and communicated with each other at the bottoms through a partition plate, fillers are respectively arranged in the first area and the second area, a first aerobic area and an anoxic area which are distributed up and down are formed in the first area, and a second aerobic area is formed in the second area; sewage to be treated enters from the top of the first area, sequentially passes through the first aerobic area, the anoxic area and the second aerobic area, and then is discharged from the top of the second area.
2. The rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities according to claim 1, wherein the filler of the first aerobic zone is polyurethane foam to form a synchronous nitrification and denitrification zone.
3. The rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities according to claim 2, wherein an aeration structure is arranged at the bottom of the first aerobic zone, and the moving direction of the output gas of the aeration structure is opposite to the flowing direction of the sewage.
4. The rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities of claim 1, wherein the filler in the anoxic zone is polyurethane foam, iron shavings doped with the polyurethane foam, and carbon source slow-release particles to form a denitrification zone.
5. The rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities according to claim 1, wherein the filler in the second aerobic zone is polyurethane foam and ceramsite doped with the polyurethane foam to form a nitrification zone.
6. The rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities as claimed in claim 5, wherein an aeration structure is arranged at the bottom of the second aerobic zone, and the moving direction of the output gas of the aeration structure is the same as the flowing direction of sewage.
7. The rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities according to claim 1, wherein a backflow structure is arranged between the top of the first area and the top of the second area, and part of nitrified liquid in the second area flows to the first area in a unidirectional mode through the backflow structure.
8. The rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities as claimed in claim 1, wherein a water inlet is arranged at the top of the first area, a water outlet is arranged at the top of the second area, and a sludge discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the second area.
9. A treatment method, which utilizes the rural sewage integrated treatment device suitable for various water qualities according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the sewage to be treated enters the container from the top of the first area, and an oxidation film is formed in the filler;
the sewage is contacted with air for oxygen enrichment in the first aerobic zone to realize the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen and COD, the anoxic zone performs denitrification and phosphorus absorption on the sewage, and the second aerobic zone performs enhanced pollutant adsorption and ensures the oxidation effect;
the sewage passing through the second aerobic zone is discharged from the top of the second zone.
10. A process according to claim 9, wherein part of the effluent passing through the second aerobic zone is withdrawn from the top of the second zone and the remainder of the effluent passing through the second aerobic zone is returned to the first zone.
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN114409059A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-29 | 浙江工业大学 | Iron shaving coupling polyurethane composite filler with enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal function and application thereof in water treatment |
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