CN115818566A - Photocatalytic hydrogen production device - Google Patents

Photocatalytic hydrogen production device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115818566A
CN115818566A CN202111147734.9A CN202111147734A CN115818566A CN 115818566 A CN115818566 A CN 115818566A CN 202111147734 A CN202111147734 A CN 202111147734A CN 115818566 A CN115818566 A CN 115818566A
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China
Prior art keywords
photocatalytic
hydrogen
heat
communicated
oxygen
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CN202111147734.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨锦渊
章晓敏
宓霄凌
王伊娜
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Zhejiang Cosin Solar CSP Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Cosin Solar CSP Technology Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202111147734.9A priority Critical patent/CN115818566A/en
Publication of CN115818566A publication Critical patent/CN115818566A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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Abstract

The invention discloses a photocatalytic hydrogen production device, which is characterized in that a protective gas conveying part is arranged to convey protective gas into a photocatalytic part to ensure the safety of mixing hydrogen and oxygen during one-step photocatalytic hydrogen production, a hydrogen separation part and an oxygen separation part are arranged to separate mixed gas containing hydrogen, oxygen and protective gas generated during photocatalytic hydrogen production, the hydrogen and oxygen are collected, and the protective gas is continuously circulated. Meanwhile, the heat absorption part is arranged in the photocatalytic part, sunlight with longer wavelength which cannot be utilized in the photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction is absorbed by the heat absorption part to generate heat, the heat is transferred to the oxygen separation part by the heat transfer part, and the operating temperature required by the oxygen separation part is provided, so that the additional increase of electric heating equipment or a light-gathering heat collecting device can be avoided, and the problem that the occupied area is large due to the fact that external heating equipment is added in the existing one-step method photocatalytic hydrogen production can be solved. Meanwhile, the utilization efficiency of solar energy is further improved.

Description

Photocatalytic hydrogen production device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photocatalytic hydrogen production, and particularly relates to a photocatalytic hydrogen production device.
Background
With global environmental pollution and the increase in greenhouse effect, hydrogen energy has been spotlighted as an energy source having a high calorific value and a clean combustion product. A large number of hydrogen production technologies have been studied and developed, and among them, the photocatalytic hydrogen production technology has received much attention because it can store and utilize solar energy.
Solar photocatalytic hydrogen production is mainly based on a semiconductor nanoparticle water splitting system. Wherein, the one-step method photocatalytic hydrogen production is a technical route which has the simplest process, the simplest operation and the lowest investment cost at present. However, the hydrogen and oxygen generated by the technical route are mixed together, and the explosion limit concentration of the hydrogen is about 4% -75.6%, so that how to safely separate the hydrogen and the oxygen is a key problem of the technical route.
The prior proposal adopts a method of combining argon mixing with two-stage membrane gas separation to realize the safe separation of hydrogen and oxygen. The liquid permselective membrane gas separator for argon and oxygen needs to operate at a higher temperature, and the existing scheme is realized by adding external heating equipment, so that the land utilization area and the equipment investment cost are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photocatalytic hydrogen production device to solve the problem that the occupied area is large due to the fact that external heating equipment is added in the existing one-step method photocatalytic hydrogen production.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a photocatalytic hydrogen production device, which comprises:
a protective gas delivery unit;
the photocatalytic part is communicated with the output end of the protective gas conveying part through the input end of the photocatalytic part, and a heat absorption part is arranged in the photocatalytic part;
a light-condensing heat-collecting part for collecting sunlight and supplying the sunlight to the photocatalytic part;
the input end of the hydrogen separation part is communicated with the mixed gas output end of the photocatalysis part;
the input end of the oxygen separation part is communicated with the mixed gas output end of the hydrogen separation part, and the protective gas output end of the oxygen separation part is communicated with the input end of the protective gas conveying part;
wherein further comprising a heat transfer portion coupled with the heat absorption portion and the oxygen separation portion, respectively.
The shielding gas may be a safe inert gas such as argon. The heat absorbing part is filled with heat absorbing material.
The photocatalytic hydrogen production device comprises a photocatalytic part, a hydrogen supply part and a photocatalytic part, wherein the photocatalytic part comprises a photocatalytic container, a water supply assembly and a photocatalyst;
the input end of the photocatalytic container is communicated with the output end of the protective gas conveying part, and the output end of the photocatalytic container is communicated with the input end of the hydrogen separation part;
the heat absorption part is arranged in the photocatalytic container;
the photocatalyst is arranged on the heat absorption part;
the water supply assembly is communicated with the inner cavity of the photocatalytic container.
According to the photocatalytic hydrogen production device, the photocatalyst is semiconductor nanoparticles; the photocatalyst is arranged on the upper side of the heat absorption part at intervals.
According to the photocatalytic hydrogen production device, the photocatalytic part further comprises a heat insulating material; the heat insulation material is arranged around the heat absorption part.
According to the photocatalytic hydrogen production device, the heat absorption part is made of the nano porous material.
In the photocatalytic hydrogen production device, the heat transfer part is a circulating air pipe; the circulation branch pipe is in contact with the heat absorption part to absorb heat, and the circulation branch pipe is in contact with the oxygen separation part to transfer the heat to the oxygen separation part.
According to the photocatalytic hydrogen production device, the hydrogen separation part comprises a molecular film type gas separator and a hydrogen collection assembly;
the input end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is communicated with the mixed gas output end of the photocatalysis part, the hydrogen output end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is communicated with the hydrogen collecting assembly, and the mixed gas output end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is communicated with the oxygen separation part.
According to the photocatalytic hydrogen production device, the oxygen separation part comprises a liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator and an oxygen collection assembly;
the input end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator is communicated with the mixed gas output end of the hydrogen separation part, the oxygen output end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator is communicated with the oxygen collection assembly, and the protective gas output end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator is communicated with the input end of the protective gas conveying part.
According to the photocatalytic hydrogen production device, the protective gas conveying part comprises an argon compressor and an argon tank;
the argon gas compressor is communicated with the oxygen separation part.
The photocatalytic hydrogen production device also comprises a drying device, wherein the drying device is arranged between the mixed gas output end of the photocatalytic part and the input end of the hydrogen separation part.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
the embodiment of the invention ensures the safety of mixing hydrogen and oxygen during one-step photocatalytic hydrogen production by arranging the protective gas conveying part to convey the protective gas into the photocatalytic part, and the hydrogen separation part and the oxygen separation part are arranged to separate the mixed gas containing the hydrogen, the oxygen and the protective gas generated during the photocatalytic hydrogen production, collect the hydrogen and the oxygen and continuously circulate the protective gas. Meanwhile, the heat absorption part is arranged in the photocatalytic part, sunlight with longer wavelength which cannot be utilized in the photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction is absorbed by the heat absorption part to generate heat, the heat is transferred to the oxygen separation part by the heat transfer part, and the operating temperature required by the oxygen separation part is provided, so that the additional increase of electric heating equipment or a light-gathering heat collecting device can be avoided, and the problem that the occupied area is large due to the fact that external heating equipment is added in the existing one-step method photocatalytic hydrogen production can be solved. Meanwhile, the utilization efficiency of solar energy is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1: a light-focusing heat collector; 2: a photocatalytic container; 3: a photocatalyst; 4: a heat absorbing part; 5: a water level control device; 6: a thermal insulation material; 7: a heat exchange pipe; 8: a feed pump; 9: a water tank; 10: an argon tank; 11: an argon compressor; 12: a drying device; 13: a liquid permselective membrane gas separator; 14: a molecular membrane gas separator; 15: an oxygen compressor; 16: an oxygen tank; 17: a hydrogen compressor; 18: a hydrogen tank.
Detailed Description
The photocatalytic hydrogen production device provided by the invention is further described in detail by combining the attached drawings and specific examples. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, a photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus includes a light-condensing heat-collecting part, a protective gas conveying part, a photocatalytic part, a hydrogen separation part, and an oxygen separation part.
The light-gathering and heat-collecting part gathers the sunlight and provides the sunlight to the photocatalysis part. The input end of the photocatalytic part is communicated with the output end of the protective gas conveying part and is used for receiving protective gas into the photocatalytic reaction cavity, and the photocatalytic part is used for receiving solar energy and decomposing water into hydrogen and oxygen. The input end of the hydrogen separation part is communicated with the mixed gas output end of the photocatalytic part; the input end of the oxygen separation part is communicated with the mixed gas output end of the hydrogen separation part, and the protective gas output end of the oxygen separation part is communicated with the input end of the protective gas conveying part. The hydrogen separation part is used for receiving the mixed gas containing oxygen, hydrogen and protective gas output from the photocatalysis part and separating and collecting the hydrogen; the oxygen separation part receives the mixed gas containing the oxygen and the protective gas after the hydrogen separation, separates the oxygen and collects the oxygen, and outputs the protective gas to the protective gas conveying part for recycling.
Wherein, the photocatalytic hydrogen production device also comprises a heat absorption part 4 and a heat transfer part. The heat absorbing part 4 can be filled with heat absorbing material to ensure the heat absorbing effect, and the heat absorbing part 4 is arranged in the photocatalysis part. Both ends of the heat transfer portion are coupled with the heat absorption portion 4 and the oxygen separation portion, respectively. The heat absorption part 4 is used for receiving heat energy in sunlight with longer wavelength which cannot be utilized in the photocatalytic reaction, and transferring the heat energy to the oxygen separation part through the heat transfer part so as to provide heat required by the oxygen separation part.
This embodiment is collected and provide the sunlight to photocatalysis portion through setting up spotlight heat collection portion to the sunlight to set up protective gas conveying portion and carry protective gas in to photocatalysis portion, the security of hydrogen and oxygen mixture when guaranteeing one-step method photocatalysis hydrogen manufacturing, and set up that hydrogen separation portion and oxygen separation portion produce when producing hydrogen with photocatalysis and separate including hydrogen, oxygen, protective gas's mist, collect hydrogen and oxygen, protective gas then continues to circulate. Meanwhile, the heat absorption part 4 is arranged in the photocatalytic part, sunlight which cannot be utilized during photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction is absorbed by the heat absorption part 4 to generate heat, the heat is transferred to the oxygen separation part through the heat transfer part, and the operating temperature required by the oxygen separation part is provided, so that additional electric heating equipment or a light-gathering heat collection device can be avoided, and the problem that the occupied area is large due to the fact that external heating equipment is added in the existing one-step method for photocatalytic hydrogen production can be solved. Meanwhile, the utilization efficiency of solar energy is further improved.
The specific structure of the photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus of the present embodiment is further described below:
in the present embodiment, the photocatalytic portion includes a photocatalytic container 2, a water supply assembly, and a photocatalyst 3.
Wherein, the input of the photocatalytic container 2 is communicated with the output of the protective gas conveying part, and the output of the photocatalytic container 2 is communicated with the input of the hydrogen separation part. The inner cavity of the photocatalytic container 2 is a reaction cavity for the reflected light catalytic reaction. The heat absorbing part 4 may be disposed in the inner cavity of the photocatalytic container 2, and may be disposed on the bottom surface. The photocatalyst 3 can be arranged on the heat absorption part 4 and is used for absorbing sunlight with shorter wavelength to generate photoproduction electrons and photoproduction holes, so that oxidation reaction is carried out to generate hydrogen, and reduction reaction is carried out to generate oxygen.
And the water supply assembly can be communicated with the inner cavity of the photocatalytic container 2 and used for maintaining the water level in the photocatalytic container 2.
Further, the photocatalyst 3 is a semiconductor nanoparticle, and can be uniformly attached to the outer surface of the heat absorbing part 4. Specifically, the semiconductor nanoparticles may be alternately arranged on the heat absorbing part 4 so that the semiconductor nanoparticles may be sufficiently contacted with water.
Further, the photocatalytic portion further includes a heat insulating material 6. The heat insulating material 6 is provided around the heat absorbing unit 4 to prevent heat of the heat absorbing unit 4 from being transferred to the periphery.
Specifically, a water tank 9, a feed pump 8, and a water level control device 5 may be included. The water tank 9 is connected with the photocatalytic container 2 through a pipeline. The water feeding pump 8 and the water level control device 5 are respectively arranged on the pipeline, and the water level control device 5 is used for detecting the water level in the corresponding container and controlling the water feeding pump 8 to replenish water.
In this embodiment, the material filled in the heat absorption portion 4 may specifically be a nano-porous material, which has the characteristics of high light absorption rate, high thermal conductivity and hydrophobicity, and can absorb sunlight and transfer heat from top to bottom, and the hydrophobic characteristic can make water only on the surface of the heat absorption material, thereby preventing the heat from being carried away by water.
In the present embodiment, the hydrogen separation part may specifically include a molecular membrane gas separator 14 and a hydrogen collection assembly. The input end of the molecular film type gas separator 14 is communicated with the output end of the photocatalytic container 2, the hydrogen output end of the molecular film type gas separator 14 is communicated with the hydrogen collecting assembly, and the mixed gas output end of the molecular film type gas separator 14 is communicated with the oxygen separation part.
The hydrogen collecting assembly may specifically include a hydrogen compressor 17 and a hydrogen tank 18, and hydrogen output from the hydrogen output end may be compressed by the hydrogen compressor 17 and injected into the hydrogen tank 18 for storage.
In the present embodiment, the oxygen separation section may specifically include a liquid permselective membrane gas separator 13 and an oxygen collection assembly. The input end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator 13 is communicated with the mixed gas output end of the molecular membrane type gas separator 14, the oxygen output end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator 13 is communicated with the oxygen collecting assembly, and the protective gas output end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator 13 is communicated with the input end of the protective gas conveying part.
The oxygen collecting assembly may specifically include an oxygen compressor 15 and an oxygen tank 16, and oxygen output from the oxygen output end may be compressed by the oxygen compressor 15 and injected into the oxygen tank 16 for storage.
In this embodiment, the shielding gas may be an inert gas such as argon, nitrogen or helium. When argon gas is used, the shielding gas delivery unit may specifically include an argon gas compressor 11 and an argon gas tank 10. The input of argon gas compressor 11 and the argon gas output intercommunication of oxygen separation portion, the output of argon gas compressor 11 and the input intercommunication of argon gas jar 10, the output of argon gas jar 10 and the input intercommunication of photocatalysis portion. The argon compressor 11 is used to compress and store argon gas into the argon tank 10.
In the present embodiment, the heat transfer portion is a circulation duct. The circulating air pipe is contacted with the heat absorption part 4 to absorb heat to the air in the circulating air pipe, and two ends of the circulating branch pipe are respectively communicated with a hot air input end and a cold air output end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator 13. The circulating air pipe body can comprise a heat exchange pipe 7, an input pipe and an output pipe, the heat exchange pipe 7 is arranged at the heat absorption portion 4 and used for exchanging heat with the heat absorption portion 4, two ends of the input pipe are respectively communicated with a cold air output end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator 13 and a gas input end of the heat exchange pipe 7, and two ends of the output pipe are respectively communicated with a gas output end of the heat exchange pipe 7 and a hot air input end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator 13. The heat of the heat absorption section 4 is carried by air to the liquid permselective membrane gas separator 13 to maintain its high operating temperature.
In this embodiment, the photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus may further include a drying device 12, and the drying device 12 is disposed between the output end of the photocatalytic container 2 and the input end of the molecular membrane type gas separator 14, and is used for absorbing moisture in the output mixed gas.
In the embodiment, the light and heat collecting part may be specifically a light and heat collecting device 1 for collecting and transmitting sunlight to the photocatalyst 3 and the heat absorption part 4 in the photocatalyst container 2.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, it is still within the scope of the present invention if they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus, characterized by comprising:
a shielding gas delivery unit;
the photocatalytic part is communicated with the output end of the protective gas conveying part through the input end of the photocatalytic part, and a heat absorption part is arranged in the photocatalytic part;
a light-condensing heat-collecting part for collecting sunlight and supplying the sunlight to the photocatalytic part;
the input end of the hydrogen separation part is communicated with the mixed gas output end of the photocatalytic part;
the input end of the oxygen separation part is communicated with the mixed gas output end of the hydrogen separation part, and the protective gas output end of the oxygen separation part is communicated with the input end of the protective gas conveying part;
wherein further comprising a heat transfer portion coupled with the heat absorption portion and the oxygen separation portion, respectively.
2. The photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalytic portion includes a photocatalytic container, a water supply assembly, a photocatalyst;
the input end of the photocatalytic container is communicated with the output end of the protective gas conveying part, and the output end of the photocatalytic container is communicated with the input end of the hydrogen separation part;
the heat absorption part is arranged in the photocatalytic container;
the photocatalyst is arranged on the heat absorption part;
the water supply assembly is communicated with the inner cavity of the photocatalytic container.
3. The photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the photocatalyst is a semiconductor nanoparticle; the photocatalyst is arranged on the upper side of the heat absorption part at intervals.
4. The photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the photocatalytic portion further includes a heat insulating material; the heat insulation material is arranged around the heat absorption part.
5. The photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material of the heat absorbing part is a nanoporous material.
6. The photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer portion is a circulating duct; the circulation branch pipe is in contact with the heat absorption part to absorb heat, and the circulation branch pipe is in contact with the oxygen separation part to transfer the heat to the oxygen separation part.
7. The photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen gas separation section includes a molecular membrane gas separator and a hydrogen gas collection assembly;
the input end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is communicated with the mixed gas output end of the photocatalysis part, the hydrogen output end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is communicated with the hydrogen collecting assembly, and the mixed gas output end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is communicated with the oxygen separation part.
8. The photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen separation section includes a liquid perm-selective membrane gas separator and an oxygen collection assembly;
the input end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator is communicated with the mixed gas output end of the hydrogen separation part, the oxygen output end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator is communicated with the oxygen collection assembly, and the protective gas output end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator is communicated with the input end of the protective gas conveying part.
9. The photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the protective gas delivery section includes an argon compressor and an argon tank;
the argon gas compressor is communicated with the oxygen separation part.
10. The photocatalytic hydrogen production apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a drying device provided between the mixed gas output end of the photocatalytic portion and the input end of the hydrogen separation portion.
CN202111147734.9A 2021-09-29 2021-09-29 Photocatalytic hydrogen production device Pending CN115818566A (en)

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CN111874864A (en) * 2020-08-07 2020-11-03 华北电力大学(保定) Solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system for safely separating hydrogen
CN111977612A (en) * 2020-07-29 2020-11-24 四川蜀泰化工科技有限公司 Catalytic heating coupled methanol hydrogen production process
CN113354062A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-09-07 重庆大学 System for photo-thermal synergetic hydrogen production and wastewater treatment by utilizing full-spectrum solar energy

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111206972A (en) * 2020-02-26 2020-05-29 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Solar supercritical carbon dioxide dual-cycle power generation system and method
CN111977612A (en) * 2020-07-29 2020-11-24 四川蜀泰化工科技有限公司 Catalytic heating coupled methanol hydrogen production process
CN111874864A (en) * 2020-08-07 2020-11-03 华北电力大学(保定) Solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system for safely separating hydrogen
CN113354062A (en) * 2021-06-28 2021-09-07 重庆大学 System for photo-thermal synergetic hydrogen production and wastewater treatment by utilizing full-spectrum solar energy

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