CN115809827A - Dynamic fire evaluation method and device for urban underground space - Google Patents
Dynamic fire evaluation method and device for urban underground space Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fire dynamic evaluation method and a fire dynamic evaluation device for an urban underground space, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring historical fire information of an urban underground space; constructing a fire risk evaluation system according to historical fire information; obtaining real-time weight of a fire risk evaluation index according to the fire risk evaluation system; and obtaining a dynamic fire risk evaluation result according to the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the target emergency fire event can be predicted, so that decision-making related personnel can be supported to allocate resources timely and reasonably to process the emergency event.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fire assessment, and particularly relates to a method and a device for dynamically assessing a fire in an urban underground space.
Background
For urban underground spaces such as underground businesses, civil air defense and comprehensive pipe galleries, emergency events caused by dangerous sources are important for influencing urban safety, particularly emergency fire events, and are a significant security threat to the safety of the urban underground spaces. The city underground space fire processing method based on risk classification prediction can help related city underground space safety personnel to perform primary evaluation on an emergency in time, is favorable for performing primary response aiming at a target emergency, and provides a response emergency measure scheme. Currently, the existing characteristic evaluation about the emergent fire incident is mainly descriptive analysis, including fire phenomena or statistical fire quantity, and lacks mining analysis on fire data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method and a device for dynamically evaluating a fire disaster in an urban underground space, which can predict a target emergency fire disaster event, thereby supporting decision-making related personnel to allocate resources timely and reasonably to process the emergency event.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a fire dynamic assessment method for an urban underground space comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring historical fire information of an urban underground space;
s2, constructing a fire risk evaluation system according to historical fire information;
s3, obtaining the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index according to the fire risk evaluation system;
and S4, obtaining a fire dynamic risk evaluation result according to the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index.
Preferably, the historical fire information includes: fire conditions, fire location, building type, building status, fire detector response conditions, self-blowing response conditions, air temperature, and wind power.
Preferably, the fire risk assessment system comprises a plurality of first-level indexes and a plurality of second-level indexes, and a structural entropy weight algorithm is adopted to obtain the index comprehensive weight of each second-level index, wherein the index comprehensive weight of each second-level index is associated with the index weight of the first-level index to which the second-level index belongs.
Preferably, in step S3, a fuzzy hierarchy method is used to obtain the real-time weight of each index in the fire risk assessment system.
Preferably, step S4 includes:
constructing a projection pursuit objective function based on the index comprehensive weight of each secondary index and the sample information of each index, and acquiring the optimal projection direction vector of the urban underground space complex by adopting the constructed projection pursuit objective function;
acquiring boundary values serving as fire risk classes according to the optimal projection direction vector; and acquiring a characteristic value for evaluating the risk by combining the optimal projection direction vector and the measured value of the secondary index of the specified urban underground space complex, and obtaining a fire risk grade serving as a fire dynamic risk evaluation result according to the range of the boundary value in which the characteristic value falls.
The invention also provides a fire dynamic evaluation device for the urban underground space, which comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring historical fire information of the urban underground space;
the building module is used for building a fire risk evaluation system according to the historical fire information;
the processing module is used for obtaining the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index according to the fire risk evaluation system;
and the evaluation module is used for obtaining a dynamic fire risk evaluation result according to the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index.
Preferably, the historical fire information includes: fire conditions, fire location, building type, building status, fire detector response conditions, self-blowing response conditions, air temperature, and wind force.
Preferably, the fire risk assessment system comprises a plurality of first-level indexes and a plurality of second-level indexes, and a structural entropy weight algorithm is adopted to obtain the index comprehensive weight of each second-level index, wherein the index comprehensive weight of each second-level index is associated with the index weight of the first-level index to which the second-level index belongs.
Preferably, the processing module obtains the real-time weight of each index in the fire risk assessment system by adopting a fuzzy hierarchy method.
The method determines an urban underground space complex fire dynamic risk assessment index system, determines the weight of each index of fire risk assessment by using a structure entropy weight method to synthesize subjective and objective factors, finally establishes a target function used for dynamic fire risk assessment based on projection pursuit, and dynamically assesses the fire risk of the urban underground space complex based on the target function, so that the method can effectively avoid the limitation of manually determining an assessment level threshold; by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the target emergency fire event can be predicted, so that decision-making related personnel can be supported to allocate resources timely and reasonably to process the emergency event.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for dynamically evaluating a fire in an underground space of a city according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire dynamic evaluation device for an underground space of a city according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fire dynamic evaluation method for an urban underground space, including:
s1, acquiring historical fire information of an urban underground space;
s2, constructing a fire risk evaluation system according to historical fire information;
s3, obtaining the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index according to the fire risk evaluation system;
and S4, obtaining a dynamic fire risk evaluation result according to the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index.
As a preferable aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the historical fire information includes: fire conditions, fire location, building type, building status, fire detector response conditions, self-blowing response conditions, air temperature, and wind force.
As a preferred mode of the embodiment of the present invention, the fire risk assessment system includes a plurality of primary indicators and a plurality of secondary indicators; the first-level indexes of the index system comprise: building active fire prevention, building passive fire prevention, safe evacuation, fire fighting and saving facilities and fire fighting safety management; the secondary indexes of active fire protection for buildings include: a fire automatic alarm system, an automatic fire extinguishing system, a fire hydrant fire extinguishing system, a smoke prevention and exhaust system and a fire extinguisher; secondary indicators of passive fire protection for buildings include: fire resistance grade, fire partition, smoke protection partition, fire partition and fire blocking; the secondary indexes of safe evacuation include: the number of safety exits, the width of an evacuation channel, the evacuation distance, emergency lighting and evacuation signs and personnel distribution conditions; the second-level indexes of the fire fighting and fire fighting equipment comprise: fire-fighting vehicle passage, fire-fighting rescue stair, fire-fighting elevator and fire-fighting operation surface; the secondary indexes of fire safety management include: the fire-fighting emergency plan is formulated and exercised, the fire-fighting facilities are regularly detected and maintained, the fire-fighting safety education and training, the fire-fighting patrol inspection system is implemented, and the hidden danger self-checking, rectification and modification capability is realized.
Further, a structural entropy weight algorithm is adopted to obtain the index comprehensive weight of each secondary index, and the index comprehensive weight of the secondary index is associated with the index weight of the primary index to which the secondary index belongs. The basic principle of the structure entropy weight method is as follows: the index of the system is divided into independent index hierarchical structures by analyzing the indexes of the system, a Delphi method is combined with quantitative analysis to carry out typical sorting on the importance degree of the indexes, then an entropy method is used for carrying out blind degree analysis on the obtained typical sorting, and finally, the index weight is obtained after data normalization processing.
As a preferred mode of the embodiment of the invention, the real-time weight of each index in a fire risk assessment system is obtained by adopting a fuzzy hierarchy method. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
constructing a pairwise comparison judgment matrix based on a fire risk assessment system;
converting the pairwise comparison judgment matrix into a fuzzy consistency judgment matrix by using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process;
and calculating the real-time weight of each index based on the fuzzy consistent judgment matrix.
As an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, step S4 includes:
constructing a projection pursuit objective function based on the index comprehensive weight of each secondary index and the sample information of each index, and acquiring the optimal projection direction vector of the urban underground space complex by adopting the constructed projection pursuit objective function; the projection pursuit model projects high-dimensional data in a fire risk assessment index system into a corresponding low-dimensional space, projects the high-dimensional data in a low-dimensional subspace by using different projection structures, and seeks out an optimal projection direction vector which can fully reflect the characteristics of the high-dimensional data by optimizing a projection pursuit objective function. The evaluation result of the whole process is objective and reasonable, and is less interfered by subjective factors;
acquiring boundary values serving as fire risk classes according to the optimal projection direction vector; and acquiring a characteristic value for evaluating the risk by combining the optimal projection direction vector and the measured value of the secondary index of the designated urban underground space complex, and obtaining a fire risk grade serving as a fire dynamic risk evaluation result according to the range of the boundary value in which the characteristic value falls.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2, the present invention also provides a fire dynamics evaluation apparatus for an underground space of a city, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring historical fire information of the urban underground space;
the building module is used for building a fire risk evaluation system according to the historical fire information;
the processing module is used for obtaining the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index according to the fire risk evaluation system;
and the evaluation module is used for obtaining a dynamic fire risk evaluation result according to the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index.
As an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the historical fire information includes: fire conditions, fire location, building type, building status, fire detector response conditions, self-blowing response conditions, air temperature, and wind force.
As an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the fire risk assessment system includes a plurality of first-level indicators and a plurality of second-level indicators, and a structural entropy weight algorithm is used to obtain an indicator comprehensive weight of each second-level indicator, where the indicator comprehensive weight of the second-level indicator is associated with an indicator weight of the first-level indicator to which the second-level indicator belongs.
As an implementation mode of the embodiment of the invention, a fuzzy hierarchy method is adopted to obtain the real-time weight of each index in a fire risk assessment system.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention shall be covered within the scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A fire dynamic assessment method for an urban underground space is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring historical fire information of an urban underground space;
s2, constructing a fire risk evaluation system according to historical fire information;
s3, obtaining the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index according to the fire risk evaluation system;
and S4, obtaining a dynamic fire risk evaluation result according to the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the historical fire information comprises: fire conditions, fire location, building type, building status, fire detector response conditions, self-blowing response conditions, air temperature, and wind force.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the fire risk assessment system comprises a plurality of first-level indicators and a plurality of second-level indicators, and a structural entropy weighting algorithm is used to obtain an indicator comprehensive weight of each second-level indicator, and the indicator comprehensive weight of the second-level indicator is associated with the indicator weight of the first-level indicator to which the second-level indicator belongs.
4. The fire dynamics assessment method for urban underground spaces according to claim 3, wherein the fuzzy hierarchy method is used in step S3 to obtain the real-time weight of each index in the fire risk assessment system.
5. The fire dynamics evaluation method for urban underground spaces according to claim 4, wherein the step S4 comprises:
constructing a projection pursuit objective function based on the index comprehensive weight of each secondary index and the sample information of each index, and acquiring the optimal projection direction vector of the urban underground space complex by adopting the constructed projection pursuit objective function;
acquiring boundary values serving as fire risk classes according to the optimal projection direction vector; and acquiring a characteristic value for evaluating the risk by combining the optimal projection direction vector and the measured value of the secondary index of the specified urban underground space complex, and obtaining a fire risk grade serving as a fire dynamic risk evaluation result according to the range of the boundary value in which the characteristic value falls.
6. A fire dynamics assessment apparatus for an urban underground space, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring historical fire information of the urban underground space;
the building module is used for building a fire risk evaluation system according to the historical fire information;
the processing module is used for obtaining the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index according to the fire risk evaluation system;
and the evaluation module is used for obtaining a dynamic fire risk evaluation result according to the real-time weight of the fire risk evaluation index.
7. The fire dynamics assessment apparatus for urban underground spaces according to claim 6, wherein said historical fire information comprises: fire conditions, fire location, building type, building status, fire detector response conditions, self-blowing response conditions, air temperature, and wind force.
8. The dynamic fire assessment apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the fire risk assessment system comprises a plurality of first-level indicators and a plurality of second-level indicators, and a structural entropy weighting algorithm is used to obtain an indicator comprehensive weight of each second-level indicator, and the indicator comprehensive weight of the second-level indicator is associated with the indicator weight of the first-level indicator to which the second-level indicator belongs.
9. The fire dynamics assessment device for urban underground spaces according to claim 8, wherein the processing module obtains the real-time weight of each index in the fire risk assessment system by using fuzzy hierarchy method.
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| CN202211655056.1A CN115809827A (en) | 2022-12-21 | 2022-12-21 | Dynamic fire evaluation method and device for urban underground space |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109242283A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-18 | 同济大学 | Super high-rise building fire dynamic risk appraisal procedure based on Fuzzy AHP |
| CN112926778A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-08 | 武汉科技大学 | Fire risk assessment method for intelligent security system |
| CN114037283A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-11 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Fire dynamic risk assessment method for commercial complex |
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- 2022-12-21 CN CN202211655056.1A patent/CN115809827A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109242283A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-01-18 | 同济大学 | Super high-rise building fire dynamic risk appraisal procedure based on Fuzzy AHP |
| CN112926778A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-08 | 武汉科技大学 | Fire risk assessment method for intelligent security system |
| CN114037283A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-02-11 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Fire dynamic risk assessment method for commercial complex |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 刘勇;阳晓剑;陈晓勇;游波;: "地下建筑火灾风险分析", 消防科学与技术, vol. 37, no. 03, pages 414 - 416 * |
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Application publication date: 20230317 |