CN108053594A - A kind of fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element - Google Patents
A kind of fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element Download PDFInfo
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- CN108053594A CN108053594A CN201711391012.1A CN201711391012A CN108053594A CN 108053594 A CN108053594 A CN 108053594A CN 201711391012 A CN201711391012 A CN 201711391012A CN 108053594 A CN108053594 A CN 108053594A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fire alarm methods for pinpointing territory element：Analysis of history is caught fire data and considers potential fire hazard and anti-fire risk ability comprehensively, determines the fire risk factor；Determine risks and assumptions index；Establish level of building fire risk model；Determine the fire risk index of fixed point territory element；Determine the level of building fire risk of fixed point territory element and early warning.The level of building fire risk of the fixed point territory element is determined according to established level of building fire risk model and carries out fire risk early warning.All fire hazard induction and conclusions are three classes by the present invention：Fire protection patrol, fire control acceptance and long-range monitoring, and this three classes factor is added in fire alarm model.Method design is reasonable, is effectively improved fire alarm practical application and accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fire alarm methods in Urban Fires early warning technology field, specifically fixed point territory element.
Background technology
With Chinese society expanding economy, the expansion of city size, the production of new industry and the growth of national total assets,
Megastore and skyscraper have become the important symbol in city, and people's production and living gas is also gradually increased with oil, power consumption
Greatly, Urban Fires loss is more and more big.National attention degree is also stepping up, and pays much attention to fire prevention work,
The policy of " putting prevention first, combine prevention with fire fighting ", urban fire control planning, infrastructure construction, fire prevention and fire fighting and rescue are formulated
Etc. be obtained for very big development and improve, but since the diversity of influence factor, particularly mankind's activity are to city fire
The influence of calamity, although Urban Fires situation is improved, fire total amount is still high, and fire danger prediction and assessment are pre-
Fire-proof reduces the important process that fire occurs and mitigates fire damage, and how controlling and preventing Urban Fires becomes near
One urgent problem of phase.
The content of the invention
Problem and shortage existing in the prior art in view of the above, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind
Can more realistic application fixed point territory element fire alarm method.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention realize that the present invention is a kind of fixed point area by following technical proposals
The fire alarm method of domain unit, its main feature is that：
(1) determine that Urban Fire Risk appraisement system identifies the fire risk factor；Fire risk factor recognition methods
It is：Analysis of history is caught fire data and considers potential fire hazard and anti-fire risk ability comprehensively, using Urban Fires as commenting
Marked price mark based on fuzzy assessment method, establishes Hierarchy Evaluation index system, that is, determines the fire risk factor；
(2) fire risk factor index is determined；Method is as follows：To the above-mentioned risks and assumptions identified, existing fire is utilized
Calamity data draw the risks and assumptions index for triggering Urban Fires；
(3) fire risk opinion rating model is established；Method is as follows：The risks and assumptions index of above-mentioned quantization is carried out linear
Weighted sum, finally calculate fire risk evaluation as a result, with reference to existing urban meteorological risk class, evaluated using De Feier
Method, conclusion provide fixed point territory element fire risk opinion rating model；
(4) determine the fire risk factor related data of actual fixes territory element and calculate the fixed point territory element
Fire risk exponential quantity；
(5) level of building fire risk of the fixed point territory element is judged according to established fire risk opinion rating model
And carry out fire alarm.
In a kind of fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element of the present invention：Fire risks and assumptions are known in step (1)
It is other to be as follows：
A1：Based on the analysis of history fire data and domestic and international fire statistics data, according to the thought of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), with fixed
Point territory element fire as evaluation target, with fire control acceptance, fire protection patrol, long-range inspection then with four first class index of meteorologic factor
As interpretational criteria, Hierarchy Evaluation system is established；
A2：The appraisement system of the fixed point territory element fire divides three-level, two-level index totally 29, wherein the side of disappearing check and accept two
Grade index includes heating mode, plot ratio, the fire risk classification of building, building fire resistance rating, selective examination test fire fighting device
Function and linkage situation result feedback, building fire extinguisher configuration, automatic fire alarm system and fire protection control room and self-extinguishing
System totally 8 indexs；The two-level index of fire protection patrol, which includes fire brigade/resident, can wait fire protection patrols, electricity consumption inspection, be patrolled with gas
Inspection, warehouse inspection, great festivals or holidays, period influence, history fire frequency, inflammable explosive article situation, property set public fire protection
The result rectification situation totally 13 of maintenance management, the self-saving ability of personnel, Fire Training frequency, fire-fighting drill frequency and the inspection applied
A index；Wherein fire brigade/resident can wait fire protection patrols, electricity consumption inspection, three-level index point is divided into gas inspection and warehouse inspection
It is not：Fire protection patrol frequency, passageway for fire apparatus, fire escape extra exit, fire resistant doorsets, Evacuation Indicatory Sign, emergency lighting, interior
Whether outer fire hydrant, fire extinguisher, electricity consumption patrol frequency, inflammable and explosive Workplace electric mounting meet requirement of explosion proof, power cord
Road degree of aging, land used are by specification, electricity consumption loading condition, combustion gas patrol frequency, natural gas line inspection situation, natural gas line
Degree of aging, warehouse patrol frequency, warehouse item have mark, quantity, warning mark and store homologue by specified functional location
Product, storage goods and materials by wall away from, away from the storage of, spacing, it is not super deposit, it is not mixed deposit, there is daily ventilation in warehouse, ventilative, cooling measure is implemented
Good totally 20 indexs；The two-level index of remote detection includes smoke monitoring alarm, heat source monitoring, alarming and video monitoring are alarmed this 3
A index；Meteorologic factor is divided into wind-force, temperature, humidity, precipitation and Continuous Non-precipitation Day this 5 indexs using national standard,
45 fire risk factors are to sum up identified altogether.
In a kind of fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element of the present invention：In step (2) determine fire risk because
Subindex is as follows：
B1：The weight of Urban Fires evaluation target is determined shown according to the form below, wherein the power of fire-resistance calamity risks and assumptions
Weight is negative value；
B2：All risks and assumptions are determined with comment set and evaluation method, all risks and assumptions evaluation set is shown in by fixed
Point territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table determines that wherein meteorologic factor uses National Standard of the People's Republic of China
The urban fire risk meteorology criteria for classifying as defined in GB/T 20487-2006.
In a kind of fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element of the present invention：Fire wind is established described in step (3)
The calculation formula of dangerous Grade Model is as follows：
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor set U={ u1, u2..., un, n=45；
Fixed point territory element fire risk index calculation formula be：f(uj) it is i-th of fixed point region
The weights of the unit fire risk factor；
Delphi method is used to show that fixed point territory element fire risk judges grade for Pyatyi, is respectively：
In a kind of fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element of the present invention：Step (4) determines fixed point territory element
Fire risk index, to needs predict fixed point territory element fire risk index carry out actual analysis calculating, step
It is as follows：
D1：Determine the fire risk factor that fixed point territory element is related to；
D2：According to actual conditions, and dock Internet of Things alert data, Yi Jiqi that other systems obtain fixed point area unit
His operation system data carry out qualitative, quantitative evaluation to the fire risk factor being related to and determine that each risks and assumptions is corresponding
Fire risk exponential quantity；
D3：Linear superposition is carried out to the fire risk factor index for pinpointing territory element and obtains the fire of the fixed point territory element
Calamity risk index value.
Compared with prior art, the fire alarm method of present invention fixed point territory element, can be such that fire alarm more suits
Practical application data and considers potential fire hazard by analysing in depth history and catching fire, all fire hazards is returned comprehensively
It receives and is summarized as following three classes：Fire protection patrol, fire control acceptance and long-range monitoring, and this three classes factor is added to fire alarm model
In.Method design is reasonable, is effectively improved fire alarm practical application and accuracy.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail for specific embodiment below.
Embodiment 1, a kind of fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element, it is first determined Urban Fire Risk appraisement system is
Identify the fire risk factor；Secondly fire risk factor index is determined；Fire risk opinion rating model is established again；Again
The fire risk for determining the fire risk factor related data of actual fixes territory element and calculating the fixed point territory element refers to
Numerical value；The level of building fire risk of the fixed point territory element is finally judged simultaneously according to established fire risk opinion rating model
Fire alarm is carried out, is as follows：
Step 01：Identify the fire risk factor.Identification fire risk because the period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m take into full account risks and assumptions and it is anti-risk because
Son, it is specific as follows：
Step 101：The identification of the fire risk factor takes into full account all the reason for fire is caused to occur；
Step 102：Risk contains the ability to ward off risks of evaluation object, and the ability to ward off risks can be set comprising complete fire-fighting
It applies, sturdy fire-fighting consciousness and behave etc. of rectification hidden danger in time；
Step 103：Based on the analysis of history fire data and domestic and international fire statistics data, the think of according to analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
Think, to pinpoint territory element fire as evaluation target, with fire control acceptance, fire protection patrol, remote detection and meteorologic factor four
First class index establishes Hierarchy Evaluation system as interpretational criteria；
Step 104：The appraisement system of the fixed point territory element fire divides three-level, and two-level index totally 29, wherein fire-fighting is tested
The two-level index of receipts disappears including heating mode, plot ratio, the fire risk classification of building, building fire resistance rating, selective examination test
Anti- facility function and linkage situation result feedback, building fire extinguisher configuration, automatic fire alarm system and fire protection control room and from
Dynamic fire extinguishing system totally 8 indexs；The two-level index of fire protection patrol, which includes fire brigade/resident, can wait fire protection patrols, electricity consumption inspection, use
Gas inspection, warehouse inspection, great festivals or holidays, period influence, history fire frequency, inflammable explosive article situation, property disappear to public
The maintenance management of anti-facility, the self-saving ability of personnel, Fire Training frequency, the result of fire-fighting drill frequency and inspection rectification situation
Totally 13 indexs；Wherein fire brigade/resident can wait fire protection patrols, electricity consumption inspection, be divided into three-level with gas inspection and warehouse inspection and refer to
Mark is respectively：Fire protection patrol frequency, passageway for fire apparatus, fire escape extra exit, fire resistant doorsets, Evacuation Indicatory Sign, emergency lighting,
Whether indoor and outdoor fire hydrant, fire extinguisher, electricity consumption patrol frequency, inflammable and explosive Workplace electric mounting meet requirement of explosion proof, electricity
Source aging circuit degree, land used are by specification, electricity consumption loading condition, combustion gas patrol frequency, natural gas line inspection situation, natural gas
Pipeline degree of aging, warehouse patrol frequency, warehouse item have mark, quantity, warning mark and store phase by specified functional location
Answer article, storage goods and materials by wall away from, store away from, spacing, it is not super deposit, it is not mixed deposit, there is daily ventilation in warehouse, ventilative, cooling measure
Implement good totally 20 indexs；The two-level index of remote detection includes smoke monitoring alarm, heat source monitoring, alarming and video monitoring report
This alert 3 indexs；Meteorologic factor is divided into wind-force, temperature, humidity, precipitation and Continuous Non-precipitation Day this 5 using national standard
Index to sum up identifies 45 fire risk factors altogether；
Step 02：Determine risks and assumptions index.It is critical based on self-organizing to the risks and assumptions identified and the anti-risk factor
Property theoretical, random process scheduling theory and to risk, dangerous occurrences in human life, using existing fire data, in line with scientific and practical
Property, the principle of combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, the method being combined using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and expert's assessment is drawn and triggers city fire
The set of the risks and assumptions index of calamity, is as follows：
Step 201：By expert's Evaluation Method to Urban Fires evaluate target weight be determined it is as shown in the table, wherein
The weight of fire-resistance calamity risks and assumptions is negative value；
Step 202：All risks and assumptions are determined with comment set and evaluation method, such as the fire risk factor " plot ratio
", evaluate collection be combined into plot ratio be less than 1, multilayer be more than 3 or high level more than 5, other }；" the building fire resisting etc. of the fire risk factor
Grade ", evaluate collection is combined into { level-one, two level, three-level, level Four } etc., successively to all fire risk factors carry out comment set and
Evaluation method determines that all risks and assumptions evaluation set refers to fixed point territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 1-
11, wherein meteorologic factor uses urban fire risk as defined in National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T 20487-2006 is meteorological to draw
Minute mark is accurate, and weights take the 90% of its total weight value；
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 1
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 2
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 3
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 4
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 5
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 6
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 7
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 8
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 9
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 10
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor evaluation collection table 11
Step 03：Establish level of building fire risk model：With reference to existing urban meteorological risk class, the wind quantified to upper step
Dangerous factor index carry out linear weighted function and, finally calculate fire risk evaluation as a result, using De Feier evaluation assessments, conclude to
Go out to pinpoint territory element fire risk opinion rating model, calculation formula is as follows：
Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor set U={ u1, u2..., un, n=45；
Fixed point territory element fire risk index calculation formula be：f(ui) being situated between for jth pinpoints region
The weights of the unit fire risk factor；
With reference to existing urban fire risk Meteorological Grade, show that fixed point territory element fire risk judges grade using Delphi method
For：
| Rank | Title | Degree of danger | Fire risk index scope |
| Level-one | Fire danger low | It is low | ＜=30 |
| Two level | Compared with fire danger low | It is relatively low | (30,60] |
| Three-level | Medium fire | In | (60,90] |
| Level Four | High fire | It is high | (90,120] |
| Pyatyi | High fire | It is high | ＞ 120 |
Step 04：Determine the fire risk index of fixed point territory element：To the fire for the fixed point territory element that needs are predicted
Risk index carries out actual analysis calculating, and its step are as follows：
Step 401：Partnership's risks and assumptions of identification fixed point territory element, including the anti-risk factor；
Step 402：According to actual conditions, and dock other systems obtain fixed point area unit Internet of Things alert data,
And other operation system data, qualitative, quantitative evaluation is carried out to the fire risk factor being related to and determines each risks and assumptions
Corresponding fire risk exponential quantity；
Step 403：Linear superposition is carried out to the fire risk factor index for pinpointing territory element and obtains fixed point region list
The fire risk exponential quantity of member；
Step 05：Determine the level of building fire risk of fixed point territory element and early warning：The fixed point region calculated according to step D is single
The fire risk exponential quantity of member determines the fixed point area with reference to the established fixed point territory element level of building fire risk models of step C
The level of building fire risk of domain unit finally carries out fire risk early warning.
Embodiment 2, a kind of fire alarm methods experiment for pinpointing territory element：
On December 1st, 2017, the fire size class early warning experiment in Lianyungang high and new technology industrial development zone Kechuang city, all fire as shown in the table
Calamity risks and assumptions and to reserved portion：
On December 19th, 2017 Lianyungang fire Meteorological Index：
UFDI=UFDI-T+UFDI-H+UFDI-W+UFDI-NR+UFDI-R=4+40+6+3+0=53
On December 19th, 2017, Lianyungang Weather Risk grade was：Three-level.
The fire risk index in the December in 2017 of Lianyungang on the 19th high and new technology industrial development zone Kechuang city is：
According to the above-mentioned fixed point territory element level of building fire risk judgement table drawn：54.7 (30,60] in section,
So on December 19th, 2017, the fire size class in Lianyungang high and new technology industrial development zone Kechuang city are：Two level.
Method of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described in specific embodiment, those skilled in the art according to
Other embodiments that technical scheme is drawn also belong to the technological innovation scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element, it is characterised in that：(1) determine that Urban Fire Risk appraisement system identifies the fire risk factor；Fire risk factor recognition methods is：Point Analysis history is caught fire data and considers potential fire hazard and anti-fire risk ability comprehensively, using Urban Fires as evaluating mesh Mark, based on fuzzy assessment method, establishes Hierarchy Evaluation index system, that is, determines the fire risk factor；(2) fire risk factor index is determined；Method is as follows：To the above-mentioned risks and assumptions identified, existing fire number is utilized According to, draw trigger Urban Fires risks and assumptions index；(3) fire risk opinion rating model is established；Method is as follows：Linear weighted function is carried out to the risks and assumptions index of above-mentioned quantization With, finally calculate fire risk evaluation as a result, with reference to existing urban meteorological risk class, using De Feier evaluation assessments, Conclusion provides fixed point territory element fire risk opinion rating model；(4) determine the fire risk factor related data of actual fixes territory element and calculate the fire of the fixed point territory element Risk index value；(5) judge that the level of building fire risk of the fixed point territory element is gone forward side by side according to established fire risk opinion rating model Row fire alarm.
- 2. a kind of fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (1) The identification of the fire risk factor is as follows：A1：Based on the analysis of history fire data and domestic and international fire statistics data, according to the thought of analytic hierarchy process (AHP), to pinpoint area Domain unit fire as evaluation target, using fire control acceptance, fire protection patrol, four first class index of remote detection and meteorologic factor as Interpretational criteria establishes Hierarchy Evaluation system；A2：The appraisement system of the fixed point territory element fire divides three-level, and two-level index totally 29, the two level of wherein fire control acceptance refers to Mark includes heating mode, plot ratio, the fire risk classification of building, building fire resistance rating, selective examination test fire fighting device function And linkage situation result feedback, building fire extinguisher configuration, automatic fire alarm system and fire protection control room and automatic fire extinguishing system Totally 8 indexs；The two-level index of fire protection patrol, which includes fire brigade/resident, can wait fire protection patrols, electricity consumption inspection, with gas inspection, storehouse Storehouse inspection, great festivals or holidays, period influence, history fire frequency, inflammable explosive article situation, property are to the dimension of public fire protection facility The result rectification situation of pillar reason, the self-saving ability of personnel, Fire Training frequency, fire-fighting drill frequency and inspection refers to for 13 totally Mark；Wherein fire brigade/resident, which can wait fire protection patrols, electricity consumption inspection, be divided into three-level index with gas inspection and warehouse inspection, is respectively： Fire protection patrol frequency, passageway for fire apparatus, fire escape extra exit, fire resistant doorsets, Evacuation Indicatory Sign, emergency lighting, indoor and outdoor disappear Anti- bolt, fire extinguisher, electricity consumption patrol frequency, that whether inflammable and explosive Workplace electric mounting meets requirement of explosion proof, power circuit is old Change degree, land used are by specification, electricity consumption loading condition, combustion gas patrol frequency, natural gas line inspection situation, natural gas line aging Degree, warehouse patrol frequency, warehouse item have mark, quantity, warning mark and store respective articles, storehouse by specified functional location Storing money by wall away from, away from the storage of, spacing, it is not super deposit, it is not mixed deposit, there is daily ventilation in warehouse, ventilative, cooling measure implements totally 20 A index；The two-level index of remote detection includes smoke monitoring alarm, heat source monitoring, alarming and video monitoring are alarmed this 3 fingers Mark；Meteorologic factor is divided into wind-force, temperature, humidity, precipitation and Continuous Non-precipitation Day this 5 indexs using national standard, to sum up 45 fire risk factors are identified altogether.
- 3. a kind of fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (2) Determine that fire risk factor index is as follows：B1：The weight of Urban Fires evaluation target is determined shown according to the form below, the weight of wherein fire-resistance calamity risks and assumptions is Negative value；B2：All risks and assumptions are determined with comment set and evaluation method, all risks and assumptions evaluation set is shown in by pinpointing area Domain unit fire risk factor evaluation collection table determines that wherein meteorologic factor uses National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T The urban fire risk meteorology criteria for classifying as defined in 20487-2006.
- 4. a kind of fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (3) institute The calculation formula for establishing level of building fire risk model stated is as follows：Pinpoint territory element fire risk factor set U={ u1, u2..., un, n=45；Fixed point territory element fire risk index calculation formula be：f(ui) it is i-th of fixed point territory element The weights of the fire risk factor；Delphi method is used to show that fixed point territory element fire risk judges grade for Pyatyi, is respectively：
- 5. a kind of fire alarm method for pinpointing territory element according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (4) is true The fire risk index of territory element is pinpointed, actual point of the fire risk index progress to the fixed point territory element that needs are predicted Analysis calculates, and its step are as follows：D1：Determine the fire risk factor that fixed point territory element is related to；D2：According to actual conditions, and dock Internet of Things alert data and other industry that other systems obtain fixed point area unit Business system data carries out qualitative, quantitative evaluation to the fire risk factor being related to and determines the corresponding fire of each risks and assumptions Risk index value；D3：Linear superposition is carried out to the fire risk factor index for pinpointing territory element and obtains the fire wind of the fixed point territory element Dangerous exponential quantity.
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| CN112001627A (en) * | 2020-08-22 | 2020-11-27 | 江苏瑞墨建筑科技有限公司 | Fire safety assessment and fire risk hidden danger management system and use method thereof |
| CN113033096A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-25 | 应急管理部四川消防研究所 | Deep learning-based building risk early warning analysis method |
| CN113033096B (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2023-04-18 | 应急管理部四川消防研究所 | Deep learning-based building risk early warning analysis method |
| CN113516819A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-10-19 | 北京创源信诚管理体系认证有限公司 | Intelligent electric fire early warning system and method for tobacco warehouse |
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| CN113780757A (en) * | 2021-08-21 | 2021-12-10 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Determination method for electric fire risk assessment weight index coefficient |
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Application publication date: 20180518 |