CN115807140A - Molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system - Google Patents
Molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
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- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system. The quenching chamber is communicated with the slag ladle through a chute; the quenching material bin is used for storing slag ash; one end of the main quenching gun is connected with the quenching material bin, and the other end of the main quenching gun is connected with the quenching chamber and is used for blowing slag ash in the quenching material bin to the quenching chamber through high-speed gas to quench the molten steel slag; the hearth is communicated with the quenching chamber through a chute and is used for cooling the high-temperature vitreous steel slag flowing out of the quenching chamber; the fluidized bed is positioned at the bottom of the hearth and used for receiving the steel slag to further fluidize the steel slag; the heat exchange structure is communicated with a flue gas outlet at the upper end of the hearth; the water cooling structure is arranged on the heat exchange structure; the dust removal structure is used for removing dust from the flue gas of the hearth and the flue gas of the heat exchange structure. The invention has simple structure, can well quench the molten steel slag, has fine and uniform quenched granularity, high subsequent waste heat recovery efficiency and high utilization rate of recovered energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to a molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system.
Background
According to statistical data of the State statistical administration, the yield of crude steel reaches 10.65 hundred million tons in 2020, and the yield is increased by 6.97 percent in comparison with 2019. According to industrial solid waste network data, the steel slag yield of China in 2018 is about 1.39 hundred million tons, and the proportion of the steel slag yield to the crude steel yield is 15%. The steel slag yield of China is about 1.60 hundred million tons in 2020 years obtained by measuring and calculating according to the proportion that the steel slag yield of China accounts for 15 percent of the crude steel yield. Because the steel slag treatment difficulty is high, the early steel slag is discarded as industrial waste, which not only occupies land but also pollutes the environment, and the development of the steel industry is seriously disturbed.
With the improvement of environmental protection standards and the improvement of technology, the utilization of steel slag is continuously improved: for example, large steel blocks, small steel blocks and particle steel are returned to the factory for re-steelmaking, which is beneficial to reducing the consumable materials in the steel industry and further reducing the carbon emission; for example, the steel slag asphalt is successfully used in the construction process of the male python highway and has better effect. However, these uses are all made of cooled steel slag, and the cooling technique route mainly includes hot-sealing method, hot-splashing method, water quenching method, air quenching method, drum method, and the like.
For example, a Chinese patent with a patent number of ' CN110982967B ' entitled method and device for quenching steel slag and recovering waste heat by using water and carbon dioxide ' introduces a method for quenching steel slag and recovering waste heat by using water and carbon dioxide, and the method comprises the steps of firstly mixing carbon dioxide and water vapor, blowing the mixed gas into a fluidized bed heat exchanger through a blowing system, enabling the mixed gas to enter a gas circulation pipeline through a waste heat boiler, returning part of the gas to the gas blowing system, introducing the rest of the gas into a wind distribution plate, guiding molten metallurgical steel slag into the fluidized bed heat exchanger for gas quenching, generating steel slag particles to be suspended under the action of air flow, enabling high-temperature gas to enter the waste heat boiler for heat exchange, enabling the high-temperature gas to enter a gas circulation pipeline, enabling the steel slag particles to perform an exothermic reaction when the temperature is below 800 ℃, supplementing carbon dioxide when the temperature of the high-temperature gas is 450 +/-5 ℃, and closing the gas blowing system when the material temperature is below 150 ℃, wherein the device comprises a steel slag chute, a fluidized bed heat exchanger and a gas blowing system. In the method, the steel slag is quenched by the mixed gas of water and carbon dioxide, and although the steel slag can be quenched into particles, the gas quenching method needs to consume huge energy (the mixed gas needs to be accelerated to mach 0.1-2), consumes a large amount of water and carbon dioxide, and has low recovery efficiency of waste heat. In addition, the gas quenching mode has a great defect that the granularity of the steel slag does not meet the requirement and the utilization degree is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the background technology and provide a molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system, which comprises,
the quenching chamber is communicated with the slag ladle through a chute and is used for quenching the molten steel slag and separating solid substances;
the quenching material bin is used for storing slag ash and quenching materials;
one end of the main quenching gun is connected with the quenching material bin, and the other end of the main quenching gun is connected with the quenching chamber and is used for blowing slag ash in the quenching material bin to the quenching chamber through high-speed gas to quench the molten steel slag;
the hearth is communicated with the quenching chamber through a chute and is used for cooling the high-temperature vitreous steel slag flowing out of the quenching chamber;
the fluidized bed is positioned at the bottom of the hearth and is used for further fluidizing the steel slag at the bottom of the hearth so as to cool and crush the steel slag;
the heat exchange structure is communicated with a flue gas outlet at the upper end of the hearth and is used for reducing the temperature of the flue gas and recovering heat;
the water cooling structure is arranged on the heat exchange structure and used for reducing the temperature of the flue gas in the heat exchange structure and capturing particulate matters in the flue gas;
and the dust removal structure is used for removing dust from the flue gas of the hearth and the flue gas of the heat exchange structure.
The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system further comprises a first air blower; the first outlet end of the first air blower is communicated with an air inlet of a main quenching gun, a slag ash inlet of the main quenching gun is communicated with a heating inlet end of a quenching material bin, and the outlet end of the main quenching gun extends into the quenching chamber and is positioned right below the lower end of the chute; the first air blower introduces high-speed gas into the main quenching gun, and the high-speed gas is mixed with slag ash to form high-speed fluid containing solid particles; the high-speed fluid at the outlet of the main quenching gun is used for colliding and impacting the molten steel slag flowing out of the chute, so that the steel slag is quenched into fine and uniform particles.
The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system further comprises an auxiliary quenching gun; and the air inlet of the auxiliary quenching gun is communicated with the second outlet end of the first air blower, and the air outlet of the auxiliary quenching gun extends into the quenching chamber and is positioned below the main quenching gun.
The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system further comprises a supplementary quenching gun; the outlet end of the supplementary quenching gun extends into the quenching chamber and is positioned above the chute and used for carrying out water quenching on the molten steel slag in the quenching chamber.
The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system further comprises a second air blower; the outlet end of the second air blower is communicated with the fluidized bed through a pipeline.
According to the molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system provided by the invention, the outlet end of the fluidized bed is provided with a slag cooler for cooling the steel slag in a water cooling mode.
According to the molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system provided by the invention, the dust removal structure comprises a cyclone separator; the inlet end of the cyclone separator is communicated with the hearth flue gas outlet, the upper-end gas outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the heat exchange structure, and the lower-end ash outlet is provided with an ash cooler for cooling the ash in a water cooling mode.
According to the molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system provided by the invention, the heat exchange structure comprises a heat exchange chamber; a first superheater, an evaporator and an economizer are sequentially arranged in the heat exchange chamber from top to bottom; the inlet end of the economizer is communicated with the outlet end of the water cooling structure, and the outlet end of the economizer is communicated with the inlet end of the first superheater; and the outlet end of the first superheater is communicated with a turbine generator.
The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system further comprises a high-temperature flue; the inlet end of the high-temperature flue is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the quenching chamber, the outlet end of the high-temperature flue is communicated with an upper-end gas inlet of the heat exchange chamber, and a second superheater is arranged on the high-temperature flue; the inlet end of the second superheater is communicated with the outlet end of the first superheater, and the outlet end of the second superheater is communicated with the turbine generator and is used for carrying out heat exchange on the water outlet of the first superheater and the high-temperature flue gas in the high-temperature flue.
According to the molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system provided by the invention, an ash outlet at the lower end of the heat exchange chamber is communicated with an ash storehouse, and a dust remover and an induced draft fan are sequentially arranged at a flue gas outlet at the lower end of the heat exchange chamber along the gas flowing direction; and an ash outlet of the dust remover is communicated with the ash storehouse, and an air outlet is communicated with the induced draft fan.
According to the molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system provided by the invention, a mode of quenching a mixed fluid of solid and gas is adopted; the main quenching gun enters the quenching chamber for quenching; the auxiliary quenching gun and the supplementary quenching gun enter the quenching chamber for effective supplement and adjustment.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the quenching mode is unique, the quality of the recovered heat is high, and the economic benefit is good.
The molten steel slag is quenched by introducing slag ash into the main quenching gun to form a gas-solid mixed high-speed fluid, and the molten steel slag can be easily crushed by the high-speed fluid due to strong rigidity and large kinetic energy, so that the problem of quenching the steel slag can be completely solved by only needing few materials and gases, and high-temperature flue gas which is much higher than quenching modes such as water quenching, air quenching and the like can be obtained. The traditional quenching mode needs a large amount of gas and water to quench the steel slag due to small quenching kinetic energy, so that the temperature of flue gas for heat recovery is only about 500 ℃, the temperature of the flue gas can reach 700-900 ℃, and steam with higher quality can be generated, thereby achieving higher economic benefit. Meanwhile, the boiler efficiency is high due to the small amount of flue gas, and the economic benefit is further improved.
2. The glass body formed by the steel slag has high quality and high utilization value.
The more suitable the granularity of the cooled steel slag and the higher the vitreous body content (depending on the cooling amplitude and speed of the molten steel slag), the higher the quality of the building material and the higher the purchase price. The main quenching gun has strong quenching capability, and the steel slag can be quenched very fine and uniform and is not easy to generate large-particle steel slag. The finer the molten steel slag is quenched, the easier the heat is dissipated, and the more easily the molten steel slag is replaced by cold slag, ash, wind, water and the like, and the faster the temperature is reduced, the larger the temperature reduction amplitude is. Meanwhile, the specific volumes of the cold slag and the cold ash are large, the mixing degree with the molten steel slag is high, and the molten steel slag is more easily and quickly cooled. Due to the characteristics of the system, the steel slag cooling range is large, the cooling is fast, the granularity is uniform, and the formed glass body has higher quality.
3. The operation cost is low.
The quenching medium used in the invention is mainly ash and slag, is sourced from the system, does not need to be purchased, and has large kinetic energy and less required consumption; the required wind is far less than other quenching modes, the power consumption is low, and the smoke discharge loss is low; the required water is the boiler blow-off water. Although the sewage is wastewater for the boiler and is discharged, the quality is actually very high, and the quality of the sewage used as quenching water is far better than that of the conventional quenching water.
4. The system has more adjusting means, and the smoke quality and the vitreous body quality are more guaranteed.
The invention creatively arranges a main quenching gun, an auxiliary quenching gun and a supplementary quenching gun, and the three quenching guns have different work division, different functions and flexible adjustment.
The main quenching gun has strong functions, can completely solve the problem of the most difficult quenching of the system, and completely solves the requirements of the original system on wind and water, thereby freeing the auxiliary quenching gun and the supplementary quenching gun. After the auxiliary quenching gun gets rid of the limitation on air volume, the air volume can be flexibly configured according to the system requirement, so that the flue gas temperature required by the system is provided, and the steam quality is ensured; the supplementary quenching gun can increase and decrease the water spraying amount to adjust according to the quality requirement of the glass body. The auxiliary quenching gun and the supplementary quenching gun can be used for standby only without being put into use according to actual conditions.
5. The system can be enlarged.
The invention has strong quenching capability and multiple modes. The quenching capacity of a single gun can be adjusted, and a plurality of guns can be used in parallel, so that the large-scale production can be easily realized.
6. The system has high maturity and easy industrialization.
The invention mainly solves the three pain points of difficult quenching, low smoke quality of waste heat utilization and low vitreous body quality in the industry, and the subsequent waste heat recovery system and the environmental protection system are mature and have strong requirements in the industry, so the industrialization is easy.
7. The slag cooler is arranged at the outlet end of the fluidized bed, is of a water cooling structure, and can quickly reduce the temperature of the steel slag to a required temperature by utilizing heat exchange between cooling water and the steel slag flowing out of the fluidized bed, further recover heat and improve the heat recovery rate.
The invention has simple structure, can well quench the molten steel slag, has fine and uniform quenched granularity, high subsequent waste heat recovery efficiency and high recovery energy utilization rate, finally obtains the cooled steel slag with extremely high quality, extremely low energy consumption and great popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention has a structure schematic diagram;
wherein: 1-quenching chamber; 2, a chute; 3, slag ladle; 4-a quenched material bin; 5-main quenching gun; 6, a hearth; 7, chute; 8, a fluidized bed; 9 — a first blower; 10-auxiliary quenching gun; 11-supplement quenching gun; 12-a second blower; 13-slag cooler; 14-a cyclone separator; 15-ash cooler; 16-a heat exchange chamber; 17-first superheater; 18-an evaporator; 19-an economizer; 20-a turbonator; 21-high temperature flue; 22-second superheater; 23-a dust remover; 24-induced draft fan; 25-a water pump; 26-air preheater; 27-SCR interval.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The utility model relates to a melting slag quenches and waste heat recovery system for quenching melting slag, melting slag is quenched into tiny granule, and carries out the heat exchange to the slag, can reduce the temperature of slag to below 200 ℃, forms qualified vitreous body, gets into the slag storehouse and deposits or utilize, and the energy of heat exchange recovery can be used for electricity generation or heating etc. and the utilization efficiency of energy is high, can not cause the waste.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the system of the present application includes a quenching chamber 1, a quenching material bin 4, a main quenching gun 5, a hearth 6, a fluidized bed 8, a heat exchange structure, a water cooling structure and a dust removal structure, wherein the quenching chamber 1 is a chamber for quenching molten steel slag, the quenching chamber 1 is communicated with a slag ladle 3 through a chute 2, and the molten steel slag in the slag ladle 3 flows into the quenching chamber 1 through the chute for quenching; the quenching material bin 4 is used for storing slag ash, and the slag ash stored in the quenching material bin 4 is used for quenching; one end of a main quenching gun 5 is connected with a quenching material bin 4, the other end of the main quenching gun is connected with a quenching chamber 1 and is used for blowing slag ash in the quenching material bin 4 to the quenching chamber 1 through high-speed gas to quench molten steel slag, the main quenching gun 5 sprays high-speed fluid into the quenching chamber 1, the high-speed fluid is provided with the slag ash, the quenching method is different from a traditional gas quenching method, the quenching method is a method for quenching a mixture of gas and solid, and a gas and liquid supplementing and adjusting quenching means is provided; the hearth 6 is communicated with the quenching chamber 1 through a chute 7 and is used for cooling the high-temperature vitreous steel slag flowing out of the quenching chamber 1; the fluidized bed 8 is positioned at the bottom of the hearth 6 and is used for further fluidizing the steel slag at the bottom of the hearth 6, the steel slag flows in the fluidized bed 8 and can further exchange heat, and the flowing steel slag is mutually rubbed and collided, so that large-particle steel slag can be crushed into small particles; the heat exchange structure is communicated with a flue gas outlet at the upper end of the hearth 6 and is used for reducing the temperature of the flue gas, the heat exchange structure can absorb the heat of the high-temperature flue gas, and the recovered heat can be used for heating or generating electricity subsequently; the water cooling structure is arranged on the heat exchange structure and used for exchanging heat with the flue gas in the heat exchange structure, and cooling water in the water cooling structure can be used for heating or generating power after absorbing heat; the dust removal structure is used for removing dust from the flue gas of the hearth 6 and the flue gas of the heat exchange structure, so that the high dust content polluted air in the discharged flue gas is avoided, and the dust in the flue gas can be recycled.
When the quenching furnace is used, molten steel slag in a slag ladle 3 enters a quenching chamber 1 from a chute 2, slag ash in a quenching material bin 4 enters a main quenching gun 5 and is sprayed into the quenching chamber 1 under the action of high-speed fluid, the molten steel slag is quenched into a fine and uniform particle state under the action of the high-speed fluid, the quenched steel slag enters a hearth 6 through a chute 7, the bottom of the hearth 6 is provided with a buried tube type heat exchange structure, the quenched steel slag exchanges heat in the hearth 6 and then enters a fluidized bed 8, the steel slag further exchanges heat and is crushed in the fluidized bed 8, finally flows out of the fluidized bed 8, is cooled to a proper temperature and then enters a slag warehouse for storage;
high-temperature flue gas in the hearth 6 firstly enters a dust removal structure for primary air-ash separation, part of the flue gas enters a heat exchange structure for heat exchange, and the dust part enters an ash storehouse for storage after being further cooled to reach a proper temperature;
the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat through the heat exchange structure, cooling water of the water cooling structure exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas, and the heated water can be used for heating or power generation;
after the temperature reduction treatment of the heat exchange structure, the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere after the dust removal treatment.
In some embodiments of the present application, the structure of the main quenching gun 5 is further optimized in this embodiment, specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a first air blower 9 is provided at the air inlet of the main quenching gun 5, a first outlet end of the first air blower 9 is communicated with the air inlet of the main quenching gun 5, and an outlet end of the main quenching gun 5 extends into the quenching chamber 1 and is located right below the lower end of the chute 2.
The main quenching gun 5 further comprises a slag ash inlet, the outlet end of the quenching material bin 4 is communicated with the slag ash inlet of the main quenching gun 5, after the slag ash in the quenching material bin 4 enters the main quenching gun 5, the first air blower 9 introduces high-speed gas into the main quenching gun 5, and the high-speed gas and the slag ash are mixed to form high-speed fluid containing solid particles.
The outlet end of the main quenching gun 5 is positioned right below the lower end of the chute 2, namely, the high-speed fluid can generate the effects of collision, impact and the like on the molten steel slag flowing out of the chute 2 after flowing out of the main quenching gun 5, so that the steel slag is quenched into fine and uniform particles. Because the high-speed fluid contains a plurality of solid particles, the high-speed fluid has high speed, strong rigidity and large momentum, the melt can be easily crushed, the melt can be quenched to be fine and uniform, large slag is not easy to generate, and the effect is not comparable to methods such as air quenching, water quenching, mechanical quenching, centrifugal method and the like. The finer the molten steel slag is quenched, the easier the heat is dissipated, and the more easily the molten steel slag is replaced by cold slag, ash, wind, water and the like, the faster the temperature is reduced, and the larger the temperature reduction amplitude is, so that the building raw material with higher quality is obtained. The specific volume of the cold slag and the cold ash is large, the mixing degree with the molten steel slag is high, and the molten steel slag is more easily cooled quickly. Because the effect is good, the required materials and wind are greatly reduced, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced.
In other embodiments of the present application, the present embodiment further comprises an auxiliary quenching gun 10, wherein an air inlet of the auxiliary quenching gun 10 is communicated with the second outlet end of the first air blower 9, and an air outlet extends into the quenching chamber 1 and is positioned below the main quenching gun 5.
The auxiliary quenching gun 10 is an auxiliary quenching structure matched with the main quenching gun 5 for use, the catalytic quenching of the system is mainly completed by the main quenching gun 5, the auxiliary quenching gun 10 is of a gas quenching structure, and high-speed airflow is introduced into the auxiliary quenching gun 10 through the second outlet end of the first air blower 9 to perform further gas quenching on the steel slag. The auxiliary quenching can absorb the heat in the quenched fine steel slag, further helps the steel slag to cool, and generates high-temperature and high-quality flue gas for subsequent heat exchange, and the auxiliary quenching is not a main part of the system quenching, so that the quantity of the flue gas can be freely adjusted according to the process requirement, and the high-quality flue gas required by the process can be ensured.
In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the present embodiment further comprises a supplementary quenching gun 11, and the outlet end of the supplementary quenching gun 11 extends into the quenching chamber 1 and is located above the chute 2 for water quenching the molten steel slag in the quenching chamber 1.
In other embodiments of the present application, the present embodiment further comprises a second blower 12, an outlet end of the second blower 12 is connected to the fluidized bed 8 through a pipe, and is used for introducing cold air into the fluidized bed 8 to reduce the temperature of the steel slag.
The second air blower 12 is used for introducing cold air into the fluidized bed 8 to air-cool the steel slag in the fluidized bed 8, the temperature of the steel slag can be further reduced, the generated high-temperature flue gas can exchange heat in a heat exchange structure, and the efficiency of energy recovery is extremely high.
In some embodiments of the present application, the outlet end of the fluidized bed 8 of the present embodiment is provided with a slag cooler 13 for cooling the steel slag by water cooling.
The slag cooler 13 cools the steel slag at the outlet of the fluidized bed 8 in a water cooling mode, the temperature of the cooled steel slag can be reduced to 200 ℃, qualified cold slag is obtained, and the cooled steel slag enters the slag warehouse for storage. The slag cooler 13 cools the steel slag using cooling water, and the heated cooling water can be used for heating.
In a further embodiment of this application, this embodiment has made further optimization to the dust collecting structure, and specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the dust collecting structure includes cyclone 14, and cyclone 14's entrance point and the exhanst gas outlet of furnace 6 communicate, and cyclone 14's upper end gas outlet and heat transfer structure communicate, and the lower extreme ash hole is provided with the ash cooler 15 that cools down through the water-cooling mode to the ash discharge.
The cyclone separator 14 is used for carrying out air-ash separation on the flue gas in the hearth 6, and the gas part enters the heat exchange structure for heat exchange to recover heat energy; the dust part enters into the ash cooler 15 for further cooling, the ash cooler 15 adopts a water cooling mode, and cooling water can be used for heating after being heated.
In some embodiments of the present application, the present embodiment further optimizes the heat exchange structure, specifically as shown in fig. 1, the heat exchange structure includes a heat exchange chamber 16, and the heat exchange chamber 16 is a main chamber for waste heat recovery. A first superheater 17, an evaporator 18 and an economizer 19 are sequentially arranged in the heat exchange chamber 16 from top to bottom, the inlet end of the economizer 19 is communicated with the outlet end of the water cooling structure, the outlet end of the economizer is communicated with the inlet end of the first superheater 17, and the outlet end of the first superheater 17 is communicated with a turbonator 20.
The first superheater 17 and the economizer 19 cool the high-temperature flue gas entering the heat exchange chamber 16 in a water cooling mode, the first superheater 17 and the economizer 19 are in a series structure, and cooling water enters the economizer 19 through a water pump 25, then passes through the first superheater 17 and finally flows into the turbo generator 20 to generate power.
An SCR region can be arranged between the evaporator 18 and the economizer 19 according to requirements in the heat exchange chamber 16, and denitration treatment is carried out on the flue gas. An air preheater 26 may be disposed in the heat exchange chamber 16 below the economizer 19, and the cool air from the outlet of the second blower 12 may pass through the air preheater 26 to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas.
In some other embodiments of the present application, the present embodiment further includes a high temperature flue 21, an inlet end of the high temperature flue 21 is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the quenching chamber 1, an outlet end is communicated with the upper end gas inlet of the heat exchange chamber 16, and a flue gas outlet of the cyclone separator 14 is communicated with the high temperature flue 21. Namely, the inlet air of the high temperature flue 21 comprises the flue gas of the quenching chamber 1 and the flue gas of the cyclone separator 14, and the flue gas of the high temperature flue 21 is discharged into the heat exchange chamber 16 for heat exchange.
As shown in fig. 1, a second superheater 22 is arranged on the high temperature flue 21, an inlet end of the second superheater 22 is communicated with an outlet end of the first superheater 17, and an outlet end of the second superheater 22 is communicated with the turbo generator 20, and is used for performing heat exchange between the outlet water of the first superheater 17 and the high temperature flue gas in the high temperature flue 21.
The second superheater 22 is used for further increasing the temperature of the cooling water entering the turbo generator 20, and for further reducing the temperature of the flue gas in the high temperature flue 21, thereby increasing the recovery rate of energy.
In some embodiments of the present application, an ash outlet at the lower end of the heat exchange chamber 16 of the present embodiment is communicated with an ash bin, a dust remover 23 and an induced draft fan 24 are sequentially arranged at a flue gas outlet at the lower end of the heat exchange chamber 16 along a gas flowing direction, an ash outlet of the dust remover 23 is communicated with the ash bin, and an air outlet is communicated with the induced draft fan 24.
The flue gas through the cooling of heat exchange chamber 16 can discharge dust remover 23 and carry out the dust removal processing after the temperature reduces to below 200 ℃, and the gas portion after the dust removal can do further processing according to the demand after draught fan 24, can install desulphurization unit and carry out the desulfurization, perhaps installs other equipment and handles, again perhaps need not to handle, directly discharges in the atmosphere.
The ash outlet at the bottom of the heat exchange chamber 16 directly discharges the ash into the ash storage, and the ash collected by the dust remover 23 is also discharged into the ash storage.
Specifically, the working process of the molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system is as follows: molten steel slag in a slag ladle 3 enters a quenching chamber 1 from a chute 2, slag ash in a quenching material bin 4 enters a main quenching gun 5, high-speed air is introduced into the main quenching gun 5 by a first air blower 9, high-speed fluid formed by the high-speed air and the slag ash enters the quenching chamber 1 to impact and crush the molten steel slag at the lower end of the chute 2, high-speed gas is introduced into an auxiliary quenching gun 10 by the first air blower 9 to further catalyze the molten steel slag, and a supplementary quenching gun 11 is connected into boiler sewage to carry out water quenching on the molten steel slag;
the catalyzed steel slag enters a hearth 6 through a chute 7, exchanges heat after entering the hearth 6, falls into a fluidized bed 8 below, is further crushed and cooled in the fluidized bed 8, and finally enters a slag cooler 13 for cooling, and enters a slag warehouse for storage after the temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃;
high-temperature flue gas generated in the quenching chamber 1 enters a heat exchange chamber 16 through a high-temperature flue 21, meanwhile, high-temperature flue gas generated in the hearth 6 enters a cyclone separator 14, the cyclone separator 14 performs air-ash separation on the part of flue gas, a gas part enters the heat exchange chamber 16 through the high-temperature flue 21, a dust part enters a dust cooler 15 below the dust part for cooling treatment, and the dust part enters an ash storehouse for storage after the temperature is reduced to below 200 ℃;
after entering the heat exchange chamber 16, the flue gas passes through the first superheater 17, the evaporator 18 and the economizer 19 from top to bottom in sequence for heat exchange, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to be below 200 ℃ and then is discharged from the bottom of the heat exchange chamber 16, the dust part directly enters the ash storehouse for storage, the gas part enters the dust remover 23 for dust removal treatment, and finally is discharged into the atmosphere, and the dust collected by the dust remover 23 is discharged into the ash storehouse for storage;
the second air blower 12 injects cold air into the fluidized bed 8 to further cool the steel slag in the fluidized bed 8;
the water pump 25 drives the cooling water in the pipeline to sequentially flow through the economizer 19, the first superheater 17 and the second superheater 22, and the heated cooling water finally flows into the turbine generator 20 for power generation;
the slag cooler 13 and the ash cooler 15 are water-cooling structures, and used cooling water is used for heating after heat exchange.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the quenching chamber (1) is communicated with the slag ladle (3) through a chute (2) and is used for quenching the molten steel slag and separating solid substances;
the quenching material bin (4), the quenching material bin (4) is used for storing slag ash and quenching materials;
the main quenching gun (5), one end of the main quenching gun (5) is connected with the quenching material bin (4), and the other end of the main quenching gun is connected with the quenching chamber (1) and is used for blowing slag ash in the quenching material bin (4) to the quenching chamber (1) through high-speed gas to quench the molten steel slag;
the hearth (6) is communicated with the quenching chamber (1) through a chute (7) and is used for cooling the high-temperature vitreous steel slag flowing out of the quenching chamber (1);
the fluidized bed (8) is positioned at the bottom of the hearth (6), and is used for further fluidizing the steel slag at the bottom of the hearth (6) so as to cool and crush the steel slag;
the heat exchange structure is communicated with a flue gas outlet at the upper end of the hearth (6) and is used for reducing the temperature of the flue gas and recovering heat;
the water cooling structure is arranged on the heat exchange structure and used for reducing the temperature of the flue gas in the heat exchange structure and capturing particulate matters in the flue gas;
and the dust removal structure is used for removing dust from the flue gas of the hearth (6) and the flue gas of the heat exchange structure.
2. The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: further comprising a first blower (9); a first outlet end of the first air blower (9) is communicated with an air inlet of a main quenching gun (5), a slag ash inlet of the main quenching gun (5) is communicated with a heating inlet end of a quenching material bin (4), and an outlet end of the main quenching gun (5) extends into the quenching chamber (1) and is positioned right below the lower end of the chute (2); the first air blower (9) introduces high-speed gas into the main quenching gun (5), and the high-speed gas and the slag ash are mixed to form high-speed fluid containing solid particles; the high-speed fluid at the outlet of the main quenching gun (5) is used for colliding and impacting the molten steel slag flowing out of the chute (2) so as to quench the steel slag into fine and uniform particles.
3. The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system of claim 2, wherein: the device also comprises an auxiliary quenching gun (10); and the air inlet of the auxiliary quenching gun (10) is communicated with the second outlet end of the first air blower (9), and the air outlet extends into the quenching chamber (1) and is positioned below the main quenching gun (5).
4. The system for quenching molten steel slag and recovering waste heat as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: also comprises a supplementary quenching gun (11); the outlet end of the supplementary quenching gun (11) extends into the quenching chamber (1) and is positioned above the chute (2) and used for carrying out water quenching on the molten steel slag in the quenching chamber (1).
5. The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: further comprising a second blower (12); the outlet end of the second air blower (12) is communicated with the fluidized bed (8) through a pipeline and is used for introducing cold air into the fluidized bed (8) to reduce the temperature of the steel slag.
6. The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system of claim 1 or 5, wherein: and a slag cooler (13) for cooling the steel slag in a water cooling mode is arranged at the outlet end of the fluidized bed (8).
7. The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the dust removing structure comprises a cyclone separator (14); the inlet end of the cyclone separator (14) is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the hearth (6), the upper-end gas outlet of the cyclone separator (14) is communicated with the heat exchange structure, and the lower-end ash outlet is provided with an ash cooler (15) for cooling the ash in a water cooling mode.
8. The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange structure comprises a heat exchange chamber (16); a first superheater (17), an evaporator (18) and an economizer (19) are sequentially arranged in the heat exchange chamber (16) from top to bottom; the inlet end of the economizer (19) is communicated with the outlet end of the water cooling structure, and the outlet end of the economizer is communicated with the inlet end of the first superheater (17); the outlet end of the first superheater (17) is communicated with a turbine generator (20).
9. The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system of claim 8, wherein: also comprises a high-temperature flue (21); the inlet end of the high-temperature flue (21) is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the quenching chamber (1), the outlet end of the high-temperature flue is communicated with the upper end gas inlet of the heat exchange chamber (16), and a second superheater (22) is arranged on the high-temperature flue (21); the inlet end of the second superheater (22) is communicated with the outlet end of the first superheater (17), and the outlet end of the second superheater is communicated with the turbine generator (20) and is used for exchanging heat between the outlet water of the first superheater (17) and high-temperature flue gas in the high-temperature flue (21).
10. The molten steel slag quenching and waste heat recovery system of claim 4, wherein: the method adopts a mode of quenching mixed fluid of solid and gas; the device also comprises a quenching material bin (4) communicated with a first air blower (9) and entering a main quenching gun (5), wherein the main quenching gun (5) enters a quenching chamber (1) for quenching; the auxiliary quenching gun (10) and the supplementary quenching gun (11) enter the quenching chamber (1) for effective supplement and adjustment.
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