CN115802308A - Wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring - Google Patents
Wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN115802308A CN115802308A CN202211411919.0A CN202211411919A CN115802308A CN 115802308 A CN115802308 A CN 115802308A CN 202211411919 A CN202211411919 A CN 202211411919A CN 115802308 A CN115802308 A CN 115802308A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloralodol Chemical compound CC(O)(C)CC(C)OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007958 sleep Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004622 sleep time Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012863 analytical testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring, which is used for analyzing in a cloud server through a specified communication protocol, completing the processing of data, realizing the remote transmission of a plurality of data and identifying the received data without invalid data and messy codes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of things, in particular to a wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring.
Background
The process of environmental monitoring is generally task acceptance, field investigation and data collection, monitoring plan design, point distribution optimization, sample collection, sample transportation and storage, sample pretreatment, analytical testing, data processing, comprehensive evaluation and the like, and the long-time work under severe environmental conditions can cause serious health problems, and is vital for developing an effective, reliable and quick response system for personnel working in a dangerous environment. At present, most of environment monitoring mechanisms adopt an exhaust fan to assist an air quality monitor in detecting, air transmitted by the exhaust fan is compressed, air quality is changed, and the detection result of the air quality monitor has errors.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provide a wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring, which monitors harmful environmental conditions through a Lora wireless network to realize security applications. The proposed sensor node is based on a customized sensor node, which is self-powered, low power consuming, and supports multiple environmental sensors. The environmental data are monitored by the sensor nodes in real time and transmitted to the remote cloud server. The data may be displayed to the user through a web-based application located on a cloud server, and when an emergency is detected, the device will alert the user through the mobile application.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring comprises a wearable node wireless communication module, a micro-power consumption manager and a cloud server;
the wearable node comprises a Microcontroller (MCU) and a plurality of environment sensors;
the wireless communication module comprises a Lora module and a Lora gateway;
the environmental data of the environmental sensor is transmitted to a cloud server by a Lora gateway through a development board and a Lora module; a self-defined datagram format is used in the data transmission process;
the micro-power manager comprises a circular solar panel, an ultra-low power MPPT controller, a 12.5F super capacitor, a low dropout regulator and a fast output discharge switch; a sensing mode, a transmission mode, an idle mode and a sleep mode which work alternately are set in the system; in the four working modes, the sleep mode is a main mode, the other three modes run at regular time, wherein the running period of the sending mode is longer than that of the acquisition mode, and the running period of the confirmation mode is the same as that of the sending mode.
Further, the environment sensor comprises an infrared temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, an ultraviolet sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an environment light sensor and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU); the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor adopt BME680 temperature and humidity sensors, the carbon dioxide sensor adopts a carbon dioxide Meter, SI1145 as ultraviolet sensors, and the development board adopts an Atmel low-power-consumption development board; the Lora module and the Lora gateway both adopt RFM95 modules.
The further scheme is that the self-defined datagram format obtains a number of 0-255 through mathematical operation on temperature data, and the number can be expressed by converting the temperature data into a byte of two hexadecimal digits, so that the data transmission is reduced, the Lora working time is shortened, and the power consumption is reduced; the frame head is specified to be a Lora address, and the frame tail is specified to be a fixed character, so that the accuracy of data transmission is improved.
The sensing mode refers to that the sensor node is awakened and measures the environmental conditions;
in the transmission mode, the development board is timed and awakened by an RTC clock to start working; the Lora module starts to work, an interface bus SPI and a wireless module are both opened, the transmission mode is transparent transmission, temperature data in the cache are input through the SPI, and wireless transmission is started to send data; in the mode, the temperature acquisition chip, the development board and the Lora module are all in working states, data can be acquired again at the moment, and then the data are sent out by the Lora module;
in the idle mode, the Lora module and the sensor are closed, and the MCU still keeps a wake-up state to measure the current energy level and calculate the sleep time of the next duty ratio;
in the sleep mode, the SPI and the wireless of the Lora module are both closed, and data receiving and transmitting are not carried out; all sensors are turned off through a switch (TPS 22908) in a sleep mode, the development board enters a sleep state, and the RTC clock is waited for timing and awakening; in this mode, the temperature acquisition chip, the Lora module and the development board are all in a closed or standby state.
According to the further scheme, in the micro power consumption manager, the battery voltage of the solar panel is obtained by each duty ratio of the MCU, and the dormancy time can be dynamically adjusted according to the energy level of the super capacitor and the current illumination intensity.
The method comprises the following steps that a Lora gateway sends received data to a cloud server, the cloud server analyzes the data according to a communication protocol, whether packet loss occurs or not is detected, a retransmission request is sent to a packet loss address Lora if the packet loss occurs, if two times of continuous packet loss occur, the address Lora module is determined to be disconnected, the data are stored in a database if the packet loss does not occur, the Apache service is used for connecting the database, and the remote acquisition of field real-time data through a browser is achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the designated communication protocol is analyzed in the cloud server, so that the data processing is completed, the remote transmission of a plurality of data is realized, the received data is identified, and invalid data and messy codes are avoided.
The invention provides an effective and convenient solution for people working in a severe environment, and the system can provide reliable and real-time data; such an internet of things platform would also provide new opportunities for health care issues prevention, especially for people suffering from harsh environments to discover the danger of exposed workers early.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the embodiments or the drawings needed to be practical in the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the system implementation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
In any embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring of the present invention includes a wearable node, a wireless communication module, a micro power consumption manager, and a cloud server;
the wearable node comprises a Microcontroller (MCU) and a plurality of environment sensors;
the wireless communication module comprises a Lora module and a Lora gateway;
the environmental data of the environmental sensor is transmitted to the cloud server by the Lora gateway through the development board and the Lora module; a self-defined datagram format is used in the data transmission process;
the micro-power manager comprises a circular solar panel, an ultra-low power MPPT controller, a 12.5F super capacitor, a low dropout regulator and a fast output discharge switch; a sensing mode, a transmission mode, an idle mode and a sleep mode which work alternately are set in the system; in the four working modes, the sleep mode is a main mode, and the other three modes run at regular time, wherein the running period of the sending mode is greater than that of the acquisition mode, and the running period of the confirmation mode is the same as that of the sending mode.
The environment sensor comprises an infrared temperature sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, an ultraviolet sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an environment light sensor and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU); the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor adopt BME680 temperature and humidity sensors, the carbon dioxide sensor adopts a carbon dioxide Meter, SI1145 as ultraviolet sensors, and the development board adopts an Atmel low-power-consumption development board; the Lora module and the Lora gateway both adopt RFM95 modules.
The self-defined datagram format obtains 0-255 digits by performing mathematical operation on temperature data, and the digits can be expressed by converting the digits into one byte with two hexadecimal digits, so that the data transmission is reduced, the Lora working time is shortened, and the power consumption is reduced; and the frame header is specified as a Lora address, and the frame tail is specified as a fixed character, so that the accuracy of data transmission is improved.
The sensing mode refers to that the sensor node is awakened and measures environmental conditions;
in the transmission mode, the development board is timed and awakened by an RTC clock to start working; the Lora module starts to work, an interface bus SPI and a wireless module are both opened, the transmission mode is transparent transmission, temperature data in the cache are input through the SPI, and wireless transmission is started to send data; in the mode, the temperature acquisition chip, the development board and the Lora module are all in working states, data can be acquired once again at the moment, and then the data are sent out by the Lora module;
in the idle mode, the Lora module and the sensor are closed, and the MCU still keeps in a wake-up state to measure the current energy level and calculate the sleep time of the next duty ratio;
in the sleep mode, the SPI and the wireless of the Lora module are both closed, and data receiving and transmitting are not carried out; all sensors are turned off through a switch (TPS 22908) in the sleep mode, the development board enters a sleep state, and the RTC clock is waited to be timed and awaken; in this mode, the temperature acquisition chip, the Lora module and the development board are all in a closed or standby state.
In the micro-power manager, the battery voltage of the solar panel is obtained by each duty ratio of the MCU, and the sleep time can be dynamically adjusted according to the energy level of the super capacitor and the current illumination intensity.
When the system works, the real-time monitoring values of the temperature, the relative humidity, the ultraviolet index and the carbon dioxide concentration of the sensor node are read by adopting an Atmel development board and are sent by Lora; each Lora module is set to different addresses, each module is directionally transmitted to the Lora gateway, the Lora gateway sends received data to the cloud server, the cloud server analyzes the data according to a communication protocol, whether packet loss occurs is detected, a retransmission request is sent to a packet loss address Lora if the packet loss occurs, if two times of continuous packet loss occurs, the address Lora module is determined to be disconnected, the data is stored in a database if the packet loss does not occur, the database is connected through the Apache service, and the remote acquisition of field real-time data through a browser is achieved.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring of the present invention includes a wearable node, a wireless communication module, a micro power consumption manager, and a cloud server. The proposed network system was tested both indoors and outdoors on a university campus, with the Lora gateway placed in the laboratory and the wearable nodes located on the subject's body and moving around the campus.
In this embodiment, each person corresponds to a terminal device, each terminal device has an address programmed on a software level, and a Lora gateway is installed in a laboratory to receive data sent by each terminal. First, the outdoor coverage was tested. Wearable node wears on the main part body when walking in the campus, transmits the data that come from the loRa node to the gateway node. When the wearable node is outdoors, the network may cover 520 meters before signal loss. Since there are many buildings between wearable nodes and gateway nodes, such outdoor coverage testing is comparable to dense urban areas. The ultraviolet sensor is placed on top of the solar cell.
In this embodiment, the PCB, onboard sensors and LoRa modules of the sensor node are located at the bottom and inside of the housing. The carbon dioxide sensor is located in the middle. The height of the sensor node is 4.5cm, which is mainly due to the size of the carbon dioxide sensor.
In this embodiment, as the user moves around the campus, real-time monitoring of temperature, relative humidity, uv index, and carbon dioxide concentration from one wearable sensor node. From 0 second to 200 seconds, the carbon dioxide concentration decreases. This is because the user is moving outdoors. From 400 to 700 seconds, carbon dioxide is maintained at about 400 to 420ppm outdoors. At the same time, when the subject is exposed to the sun, the ultraviolet index is higher than 4. From 1000 to 1200 seconds, carbon dioxide increases above 600ppm, while uv is below 1, because the object is inside the building, the wearable node can detect the changing environment and successfully transmit the data to the gateway.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims. It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring is characterized by comprising wearable nodes, a wireless communication module, a micro-power consumption manager and a cloud server;
the wearable node comprises a microcontroller and a plurality of environmental sensors;
the wireless communication module comprises a Lora module and a Lora gateway;
the environmental data of the environmental sensor is transmitted to the cloud server by the Lora gateway through the development board and the Lora module; a self-defined datagram format is used in the data transmission process;
the micro-power manager comprises a circular solar panel, an ultra-low power MPPT controller, a 12.5F super capacitor, a low dropout regulator and a fast output discharge switch; a sensing mode, a transmission mode, an idle mode and a sleep mode which work alternately are set in the system; in the four working modes, the sleep mode is a main mode, and the other three modes run at regular time, wherein the running period of the sending mode is greater than that of the acquisition mode, and the running period of the confirmation mode is the same as that of the sending mode.
2. The wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring of claim 1, wherein the environment sensors comprise infrared temperature sensors, barometric pressure sensors, ultraviolet sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, ambient light sensors, and inertial measurement units; the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor adopt BME680 temperature and humidity sensors, the carbon dioxide sensor adopts a carbon dioxide Meter, SI1145 as ultraviolet sensors, and the development board adopts an Atmel low-power-consumption development board; the Lora module and the Lora gateway both adopt RFM95 modules.
3. The wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring of claim 1, wherein the customized datagram format mathematically operates temperature data to obtain a number of 0-255 for conversion into a byte of two hexadecimal bits for representation, thereby reducing data transmission, shortening Lora working time, reducing power consumption, and improving data transmission accuracy by specifying a frame header as a Lora address and a frame tail as fixed characters.
4. The wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring of claim 1, wherein the perception mode refers to sensor nodes waking up and measuring environmental conditions;
in the transmission mode, the development board is timed and awakened by an RTC clock to start working; the Lora module starts to work, an interface bus SPI and a wireless module are both opened, the transmission mode is transparent transmission, temperature data in the cache are input through the SPI, and wireless transmission is started to send data; in the mode, the temperature acquisition chip, the development board and the Lora module are all in working states, data can be acquired once again at the moment, and then the data are sent out by the Lora module;
in the idle mode, the Lora module and the sensor are closed, and the MCU still keeps a wake-up state to measure the current energy level and calculate the sleep time of the next duty ratio;
in the sleep mode, the SPI and the wireless of the Lora module are both closed, and data receiving and transmitting are not carried out; all sensors are turned off through switches in a sleep mode, the development board enters a sleep state, and the development board waits for the RTC clock to be timed and awaken; in this mode, the temperature acquisition chip, the Lora module and the development board are all in a closed or standby state.
5. The wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring of claim 1, wherein in the micropower manager, the battery voltage of the solar panel is obtained by each duty cycle of the MCU, and the sleep time is dynamically adjusted according to the energy level of the super capacitor and the current illumination intensity.
6. The wearable environment sensor network system for urban environment monitoring of claim 1, wherein the Lora gateway sends the received data to the cloud server, the cloud server analyzes the data according to a communication protocol, detects whether packet loss occurs, sends a retransmission request to a packet loss address Lora if packet loss occurs, determines that the address Lora module is disconnected if two continuous packet losses occur, stores the data into the database if no packet loss occurs, and connects the database through the Apache service to remotely obtain the real-time data on site through a browser.
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