CN115802140A - Phase acquisition device for single exposure target surface multiplexing - Google Patents
Phase acquisition device for single exposure target surface multiplexing Download PDFInfo
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- CN115802140A CN115802140A CN202211567159.2A CN202211567159A CN115802140A CN 115802140 A CN115802140 A CN 115802140A CN 202211567159 A CN202211567159 A CN 202211567159A CN 115802140 A CN115802140 A CN 115802140A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phase acquisition device for single exposure target surface multiplexing, which comprises: the device comprises an LED light source, a collimating lens, an aperture diaphragm, a Fourier transform lens, a focusing lens, a spherical mirror, a standard reflecting mirror and a CCD. After the parallel light is incident as object light, the center of the adjustable-focus lens, the spherical center of the spherical mirror and the standard reflector are confocal. The micro zooming is realized by driving the adjustable-focus lens. Half of the CCD target surface is focused object information, and the other half is slightly defocused object information, and at the moment, the phase information of the measured object can be reversely solved only by using a single exposure and light intensity transmission equation. The device has simple and stable structure and few collected pictures, so the device is suitable for dynamic measurement of transparent objects (plankton).
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical phase imaging, in particular to a phase acquisition device for single-exposure target surface multiplexing.
Background
Acquiring phase is an important issue in the field of optical phase imaging technology. In electron microscopy, most samples belong to phase objects. Such objects have a uniform amplitude transmission distribution, but a non-uniform spatial distribution of refractive index or thickness, so that the phase object has a small change in the amplitude of the light wave and a very large change in the phase. The human eye or other optical detectors can only distinguish the amplitude change of the object but cannot distinguish the phase change of the object, and can not distinguish various parts with different thicknesses or refractive indexes in the phase object. It is therefore of paramount importance in the field of optical phase imaging to acquire phase information.
The conventional digital holography technology can acquire phase information of a measured object by an interferometric method. The technology often depends on a complex interference device and high-time-coherence light source illumination, which brings coherent noise, reduces the spatial resolution of an image, and influences the imaging quality of the image.
Since the optical sensor is only sensitive to the light intensity information and cannot detect the phase information, any phase measurement method needs to convert invisible phase information into visible light intensity information for detection. The conversion of the phase information of the light waves into intensity information does not depend on interference alone. The propagation effect of the light wave itself is a spontaneous light intensity-phase conversion process. Just like the light and dark grid structure at the bottom of a swimming pool in summer, the ripple fluctuating water surface is a phase object, and water is transparent, but can change the phase of incident light. The grid structure with alternate light and dark at the bottom of the pool is just the self-display and transformation of the corrugated phase structure after a certain propagation distance, namely the phase causes the intensity change in the propagation process. This phenomenon is called light intensity transmission effect.
The light intensity transmission equation is a second-order elliptic partial differential equation, and clarifies the quantitative relation between the variation of light intensity in the direction parallel to the optical axis and the phase of light waves in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis. The method is characterized in that the traditional diffraction calculation formula is not utilized to recover the phase iteratively, and the phase information is directly obtained by solving the light intensity transmission equation through numerical values under the condition that the light intensity distribution on the plane to be solved and the axial differential of the light intensity are known, so that the iterative solution process is not needed.
The light intensity transmission equation phase imaging technology generally needs two light intensity images with different defocusing degrees. The light intensity transmission equation is used as a typical phase recovery technology, and when the light intensity distribution and the light intensity axial differential of the surface to be measured are known, the phase distribution of the surface to be measured can be directly obtained by solving the equation. The intensity differential can be estimated by collecting light intensity information for different defocus planes along the propagation direction to calculate the intensity differential. The conventional light intensity transmission equation phase imaging technology generally uses a beam splitter and two Charge Coupled Devices (CCDs) to simultaneously obtain two images with different focal lengths, because the images are recorded by pixels of different CCDs, before the obtained images are processed, offset and dark current of the two CCDs need to be balanced, and a corresponding relationship needs to be established between the CCD pixels at different positions.
Compared with the traditional phase measurement method based on interference, the light intensity transmission equation phase imaging technology has many unique advantages of noninterference (no reference light is needed), simple calculation (no iteration is needed), applicability to time and space part dry illumination (such as light emitting diode (CCD) illumination, halogen lamp and Kohler illumination structure in a traditional bright field microscope), no need of phase unwrapping (absolute phase is directly obtained), no need of complex optical system and harsh experimental environment, and the like.
A phase acquisition device for single exposure target surface multiplexing structurally utilizes a standard reflector and a spherical mirror, and obtains an out-of-focus image and a focused image with a certain separation amount on an image acquired by a CCD (charge coupled device) at the same time, so that the phase information of a measured object is acquired by single exposure. In the device, a beam splitter prism, a focusing lens, a spherical mirror and a standard reflecting mirror are utilized to realize that a single exposure obtains two (transversely separated) images with different focal powers, and the images are obtained by a CCD camera. The method provides a simple achromatic system for single-exposure phase imaging, and has potential application prospect in the phase recovery of dynamic samples.
Like providing a simple achromatic system, the method has potential application prospect in the phase recovery of dynamic samples.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single exposure target surface multiplexing phase acquisition device capable of solving phase information of a measured object under single exposure aiming at the defects of the existing application device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the idea of the invention is as follows:
in order to improve the measurement efficiency of the measured object, the phase information of the measured object is solved by one-time exposure. And a beam splitter prism is used for dividing one imaging light beam into two, wherein one beam of light passes through a standard reflector CCD, the other beam of light passes through a focusing lens and is reflected to the CCD through a spherical mirror, and a focused image and an out-of-focus image are simultaneously obtained on the CCD array surface subjected to primary exposure.
Based on the above thought, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a phase acquisition device for single exposure target surface multiplexing comprises a phase acquisition unit 4
The system comprises an LED light source, a collimating lens, an aperture diaphragm, a beam splitter prism, a standard reflector, a focusing lens and a spherical mirror; the object to be measured is arranged between the collimating lens and the aperture diaphragm, a first Fourier transform lens is arranged behind the aperture diaphragm, a beam splitter prism is arranged behind the first Fourier transform lens, a second Fourier transform lens is arranged above the beam splitter prism, a CCD is arranged above the second Fourier transform lens, a standard reflector is arranged below the beam splitter prism, an adjustable-focus lens is arranged behind the beam splitter prism, and a spherical mirror is arranged behind the adjustable-focus lens; an LED light source irradiates an object to be measured after passing through a collimating lens to form an object beam, the object beam is divided into two beams of light after passing through a beam splitter, the two beams of light respectively pass through a standard reflector and an adjustable-focus lens, and an obtained focused image and an out-of-focus image are simultaneously collected onto a light intensity image by a CCD (charge coupled device); finally, the acquired image is applied to a light intensity transmission equation phase recovery technologyThe phase of the measured object is shown.
The LED light source comprises an LED light source and a collimating lens, and light rays emitted by the LED light source are converted into parallel light beams through the collimating lens and then irradiate on a measured object.
4 mentioned above
The system consists of two Fourier transform lenses, and the distance between the two Fourier transform lenses is the sum of focal lengths of the two Fourier transform lenses; the measured object is placed at the object space focal plane of the first Fourier transform lens, the collimated parallel light beams irradiate the measured object, and 4
The output plane of the system is positioned at the image space focal plane of the second Fourier transform lens, the optical axis of the first Fourier transform lens is vertical to the optical axis of the second Fourier transform lens, a beam splitter prism is arranged at the intersection point of the first Fourier transform lens and the second Fourier transform lens, the focus-adjustable lens is arranged at the rear focal point of the first Fourier transform lens, and the standard reflector is arranged at the front focal point of the second Fourier transform lens; the plane of the CCD imaging area is superposed with the image space focal plane of the second Fourier transform lens;
the focal lengths of the first Fourier transform lens and the second Fourier transform lens are both
And the distance between the adjustable focus lens and the second Fourier transform lens along the optical axis direction is also
The distance between the standard reflector and the first Fourier transform lens along the optical axis direction is also
；
The beam splitting prism is of a semi-transmission semi-reflection type; the spherical center of the spherical mirror is positioned at the back focus of the first Fourier transform lens;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following prominent substantive characteristics and obvious advantages:
the phase is recovered through a single image, and the method is very suitable for imaging transparent objects or very thin samples, such as underwater plankton. Secondly, because the whole device only needs one CCD, the influence of dark current is avoided, the error of a mechanical displacement device is avoided, and a simple, effective, quick, stable and practical phase acquisition device is provided for the phase acquisition technology of single exposure target surface multiplexing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path structure of a single-exposure target surface multiplexing phase acquisition device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an actual image of the single-exposure target surface multiplexing phase acquisition experiment CCD (the left image is a focus image, and the right image is an out-of-focus image).
FIG. 3 is a phase diagram of a phase acquisition experiment for single exposure target multiplexing according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a phase acquisition device for single exposure target surface multiplexing comprises LED light sources 1, 4
The system comprises a collimating lens 2, an aperture diaphragm 4, a first Fourier transform lens 5, a beam splitter prism 6, a focusing lens 7, a spherical mirror 8, a standard reflector 9, a second Fourier transform lens 10 and a CCD11; the object to be measured 3 is arranged between the collimating lens 2 and the aperture diaphragm 4, a first Fourier transform lens 5 is arranged behind the aperture diaphragm 4, a beam splitter prism 6 is arranged behind the first Fourier transform lens 5, a second Fourier transform lens 10 is arranged above the beam splitter prism 6, a CCD11 is arranged above the second Fourier transform lens 10, a standard reflector 9 is arranged below the beam splitter prism 6, a focusing lens 7 is arranged behind the beam splitter prism 6, and a spherical lens 8 is arranged behind the focusing lens 7; the LED light source 1 irradiates the object 3 to form an object beam after passing through the collimating lens 2The light beam is divided into two beams of light after passing through the beam splitter 6, the two beams of light pass through the standard reflector 9 and the adjustable-focus lens 7 respectively, and the obtained focused image and the defocused image are collected onto one light intensity image by the CCD11 at the same time; and finally, applying the acquired image to a light intensity transmission equation phase recovery technology to reproduce the phase of the measured object.
The LED light source 1 irradiates a measured object 3 after being collimated to form an object beam, the object beam is divided into a reflected beam L0 and a transmitted beam L1 by a beam splitter prism 6, the reflected beam L0 is generated into a reflected beam L2 by a standard reflector 9, the reflected beam L2 is collected by a CCD11 through a second Fourier transform lens, and the recorded light intensity is
The transmission light beam L1 generates a transmission light beam L3 through the focus-adjustable lens 7, the L3 generates a reflection light beam L4 through the spherical mirror reflection, the reflection light beam L4 generates a transmission light beam L5 through the focus-adjustable lens 7, the transmission light beam L5 is divided into a transmission light beam L6 and a reflection light beam L7 by the beam splitter prism 6, the reflection light beam L7 is collected by the CCD11 after passing through the second Fourier transform lens, and the recording light intensity is
The transmitted light beam L6 is not collected; is divided into a transmission beam and a reflection beam by a beam splitter prism through a first Fourier lens, and the distance of the optical path of the reflection beam from a standard reflecting mirror 9 to a second Fourier transform lens 10 is
The distance of the optical path of the transmitted light beam from the adjustable focus lens 7 to the second Fourier transform lens 10 is
；
The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to the embodiment and the disclosure of the drawings, and therefore, all equivalent substitutions and modifications should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A phase acquisition apparatus for single-exposure target multiplexing, the system comprising: a 4
The system comprises an LED light source (1), a collimating lens (2), a measured object (3), an aperture diaphragm (4), a first Fourier transform lens (5), a beam splitter prism (6), a focusing lens (7), a spherical mirror (8), a standard reflector (9), a second Fourier transform lens (10) and a CCD (11); 4 mentioned above
The input plane of the system coincides with the object focal plane of the first Fourier transform lens (5), 4
The output plane of the system coincides with the image-side focal plane of a second Fourier transform lens (10), the optical axes of a first Fourier transform lens (5) and the second Fourier transform lens (10) are perpendicular to each other, a beam splitter prism (6) is arranged at the intersection point, an adjustable focus lens (7) is arranged at the object-side focal plane of the second Fourier transform lens (10), the adjustable focus lens (7) is arranged at the spherical center of a spherical mirror (8), the adjustable focus lens (7) and the spherical mirror (8) are coaxial, and a standard reflector (9) is arranged at the object-side focal point of the second Fourier transform lens (10); the focal lengths of the first Fourier transform lens (5) and the second Fourier transform lens (10) are both
And the distance between the adjustable focus lens (7) and the second Fourier transform lens (10) along the optical axis direction is also
The distance of propagation between the standard reflector (9) and the second Fourier transform lens (10) is also
(ii) a The plane of the imaging area of the CCD (11) is superposed with the back focal plane of the second Fourier transform lens (10); the beam splitter prism (6) is of a semi-transparent and semi-reflective type.
2. The phase acquisition device for single-exposure target surface multiplexing according to claim 1, wherein an LED light source (1) forms a parallel light source after passing through a collimating lens (2), the parallel light source forms an object beam after passing through an object to be measured (3), the object beam forms an imaging beam after passing through an aperture diaphragm (4), and the imaging beam is divided into two sub-beams by a beam splitter prism (6) and emitted to a CCD (11) array plane; the distances from the first Fourier lens (5) to the second Fourier lens (10) along the two optical paths are not exactly the same; one of the beams is directed to a standard mirror (9) to produce an intensity distribution, denoted
The intensity of the focus point, the other beam involving the adjustable focus lens (7) and the spherical mirror (8), producing an intensity distribution, noted
The intensity from the focus is the defocus amount
(ii) a In the setting, the sub-beams passing through the standard reflector (9) are focused on the standard reflector, and the focusing point is positioned on the front focal plane of the second Fourier transform lens; can ensure that a clear image is presented on the surface of the CCD (11); finally, the two beams can obtain two separated images on the CCD (11) array surface.
3. The phase acquisition device for single-exposure target surface multiplexing of claim 1, characterized in that the two phases presented on the CCD (11) array surface can be completely separated by adjusting the position and the slight inclination of the standard mirror.
4. The phase acquiring apparatus for single-exposure target surface multiplexing according to claim 1, wherein the single-exposure acquisition phase is realized by obtaining two images with different intensities on one image by using only a single CCD.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211567159.2A CN115802140A (en) | 2022-12-07 | 2022-12-07 | Phase acquisition device for single exposure target surface multiplexing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211567159.2A CN115802140A (en) | 2022-12-07 | 2022-12-07 | Phase acquisition device for single exposure target surface multiplexing |
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| CN115802140A true CN115802140A (en) | 2023-03-14 |
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| CN202211567159.2A Pending CN115802140A (en) | 2022-12-07 | 2022-12-07 | Phase acquisition device for single exposure target surface multiplexing |
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- 2022-12-07 CN CN202211567159.2A patent/CN115802140A/en active Pending
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