CN115798809A - Cable metal layer, cold-resistant cable and cable preheating method - Google Patents
Cable metal layer, cold-resistant cable and cable preheating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115798809A CN115798809A CN202211502463.9A CN202211502463A CN115798809A CN 115798809 A CN115798809 A CN 115798809A CN 202211502463 A CN202211502463 A CN 202211502463A CN 115798809 A CN115798809 A CN 115798809A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of cable manufacturing, and discloses a cable metal layer, a cold-resistant cable and a cable preheating method. The cable metal layer is formed by lapping a first metal belt and a second metal belt, the edges of two sides of the inner surface of the second metal belt are coated with second silicon rubber, a plurality of telescopic devices are evenly distributed at the positions of the second silicon rubber, and the telescopic devices are in contact with the first metal belt when extending out. According to the invention, a mode of overlapping and wrapping double-layer metal strips is adopted, and the contact state between the two layers of metal strips can be adjusted as required through the special design of the two layers of metal strips, the two layers of metal strips are in contact to enable the local metal strips of the cable to form a loop, the loop is heated in an electromagnetic induction mode and the like to enable the local or integral cable to generate heat and rise the temperature, and the risk of low-temperature stress cracking in the processes of cable construction, movement and the like in a low-temperature environment is reduced; meanwhile, the parts needing to be heated can be heated in a segmented mode through local heating, and energy consumption and heating time needed by heating are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cable manufacturing, in particular to a cable metal layer, a cold-resistant cable and a cable preheating method.
Background
The outer sheath of the power cable is generally made of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyolefin materials, the materials have stable performance above-20 ℃ and can keep good mechanical and electrical properties, but when the environmental temperature is lower than-20 ℃ or even-30 ℃, the mechanical properties of the materials are rapidly reduced, if the cable is moved, bent and the like, the problem that the sheath is stressed and cracked and the like is easily caused, the outdoor temperature of northeast and northwest areas of China is low in winter, and in order to avoid the problem that the cable is stressed and cracked at low temperature, the cable is generally not installed and laid.
With the development of domestic economic construction, the traditional operation of not installing and laying cables in winter can not meet the requirements of power construction in China more and more, and the installation, laying, updating, replacement and other work of the power cables are required to be carried out in cold winter.
Therefore, the technical personnel in the field are dedicated to develop a cable metal layer, a cold-resistant cable and a cable preheating method, which can enable the cable to self-heat and avoid the problems of cracking and deformation of a sheath material in the bending and stretching process of the cable.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a cable metal layer, a cold-resistant cable and a cable preheating method, which can self-heat a cable and avoid the problems of cracking and deformation of a sheath material during the cable bending and stretching process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a cable metal layer which is formed by lapping a first metal belt and a second metal belt, wherein the edges of two sides of the inner surface of the second metal belt are coated with second silicon rubber, a plurality of telescopic devices are uniformly distributed at the positions coated with the second silicon rubber, and the telescopic devices are contacted with the first metal belt when extending out. The metal layer of the cable can disconnect the first metal belt and the second metal belt when the telescopic device is retracted, so that the first metal belt and the second metal belt are separated and are in an insulated state, and the first metal belt and the second metal belt are connected when the telescopic device is extended, so that a closed loop can be formed, and the cable can be conveniently preheated.
Preferably, the edges of two sides of the outer surface of the first metal belt are coated with first silicon rubber, a plurality of grooves are uniformly distributed at the positions coated with the first silicon rubber, and the telescopic device is matched with the grooves when extending out. The protrusion formed by the extension of the retractable device is engaged with the groove, which facilitates the connection and disconnection of the first metal strip and the second metal strip.
Preferably, the telescopic device comprises a base, a magnet is arranged in the base, an extending piece in clearance fit with the base is arranged on the outer edge of the magnet, a first spring is further connected to the magnet, and the other end of the first spring is connected with the first metal belt. With this arrangement, the first metal strip and the second metal strip can be brought into communication by magnetic force.
Preferably, the telescopic device comprises an outer groove, an inner groove is reversely buckled in the outer groove, telescopic liquid is arranged in a space where the outer groove is communicated with the inner groove, a sealing ring is sleeved outside the inner groove, the inner bottom surface of the outer groove is connected with a second spring, and the other end of the second spring is connected with the inner bottom surface of the inner groove. With this arrangement, the first metal belt and the second metal belt can be made to communicate by expansion and contraction of the telescopic liquid.
Preferably, the components of the telescopic liquid comprise, by mass, 60-70 parts of water, 30-40 parts of ethanol, 0.8-2 parts of ethylene glycol, 0.2-1.2 parts of nitrite, 0.1-0.8 part of bactericide and 0.1-0.8 part of defoaming agent.
Preferably, the first metal belt is internally provided with flannelette.
The invention also provides a cold-resistant cable which comprises the cable metal layer.
Preferably, the cable metal layer is internally provided with an insulating layer, an insulating layer and a conductor in sequence; and the cable metal layer is outwards provided with a sheath layer.
The invention also provides a cable preheating method, which comprises the following steps:
s2: local preheating: an alternating magnetic field is applied to the cable to be heated, so that flowing current is formed inside the cable metal layer which is closed into a ring shape, and the cable metal layer is self-heated. The temperature of the cable can be raised through local preheating, so that the risk of low-temperature stress cracking in the process of cable construction, movement and the like in a low-temperature environment is avoided.
Preferably, before the step S2, the method further includes the following steps:
s1: integral preheating: closing the cable metal layer into a ring shape, electrifying two ends of the cable metal layer to enable the cable to integrally generate heat, and controlling the highest temperature of the inner layer cable to be lower than 20 ℃;
and in step S2, when the metal layer self-heating reaches the set temperature, the closed cable metal layer is disconnected and the closing is released.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, a mode of overlapping and wrapping double-layer metal strips is adopted, and the contact state between the two layers of metal strips can be adjusted as required through the special design of the two layers of metal strips, the two layers of metal strips are in contact to enable the local metal strips of the cable to form a loop, the loop is heated in an electromagnetic induction mode and the like to enable the local or integral cable to generate heat and rise the temperature, and the risk of low-temperature stress cracking in the processes of cable construction, movement and the like in a low-temperature environment is reduced; meanwhile, the parts needing to be heated can be heated in a segmented mode through local heating, and energy consumption and heating time needed by heating are reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a cable metal layer according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the inner surface structure of a second metal strip according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the outer surface structure of a first metal strip according to example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the retractable device in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a retractable device in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold-resistant cable in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, wherein the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like are used in the description of the invention to indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience in describing the invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular manner, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. The terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the cable metal layer is formed by lapping and wrapping a first metal strip 1 and a second metal strip 2. As shown in fig. 2, the second metal strip 2 is coated with a second silicon rubber 21 on both side edges of the inner surface, a plurality of retractable devices 22 are uniformly distributed at the position coated with the second silicon rubber 21, and the retractable devices 22 are contacted with the first metal strip 1 when being extended out. The outer surface of the second silicon rubber 21 keeps a smooth metal belt surface, so that heat transfer after the metal belt heats is facilitated, and meanwhile, the bonding performance of the sheath layer and the metal belt is ensured. As shown in fig. 3, the first metal strip 1 is coated with a first silicon rubber 11 on the two side edges of the outer surface, and a plurality of grooves 12 are uniformly distributed on the first silicon rubber 11, and the retractable device 22 is matched with the grooves 12 when extending out. The first metal belt 1 is provided with flannelette (not shown) on the inner surface thereof for heat insulation. The silicon rubber material is in a semi-solid state at normal temperature, has certain fluidity, and has certain viscosity, mainly plays insulating and bonding roles, and through the arrangement of the first silicon rubber 11 and the second silicon rubber 21, under the normal state, the first metal belt 1 and the second metal belt 2 are in an isolation insulation state, and when the telescopic device 22 extends out, the telescopic device is matched with the groove 12, so that the two are in close contact with each other, and the first metal belt 1 and the second metal belt 2 which are insulated from each other are mutually communicated by the silicon rubber in the normal state.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the retractable device 22 includes a base 221, the base is a cavity with an opening at one end, a magnet 222 is disposed in the base 221, the magnet 222 is disposed in the cavity of the base 221 only and is not connected to the cavity, an extending member 223 is disposed on an outer edge of the magnet 222 and is in clearance fit with the base 221, in this embodiment, the extending member 223 is in a hollow column shape, the magnet 222 is further connected to a first spring 224, the first spring 224 is disposed in the middle of the extending member 223, and the other end of the first spring 224 is connected to the first metal strap 1.
In this embodiment, the first metal belt 1 and the second metal belt 2 are both copper belts, but in other embodiments, metal belts such as aluminum belts may be used. The base 221 and the protruding member 223 are made of the same metal material.
In the embodiment, a magnetic force is applied to the cable, for example, a main magnet is placed outside, so that the magnet 222 is moved in the direction of the first metal strip 1 by the magnetic force, thereby pushing the protrusion 223 to move toward the first metal strip 1, and the protrusion 223 penetrates through the silicon rubber to contact the groove 12, so that the first metal strip 1 and the second metal strip 2 are communicated. The preheating of the cable is carried out by heating the metal layer after the first metal strip 1 and the second metal strip 2 are connected by means of an electrically conductive or self-heating method as described in other embodiments of this patent specification. When the cable is heated to a predetermined temperature, the main magnet can be removed, the magnet 222 is rebounded by the elastic force of the first spring 224, the extension member 223 contracts, and the first metal strip 1 and the second metal strip 2 are disconnected to recover the insulation.
Example 2
The present embodiment has substantially the same structure as that of embodiment 1, and is different from the embodiment in that the extendable device 22 includes an outer tank 225, an inner tank 226 is reversely fitted in the outer tank 225, an extendable liquid 227 is contained in a space where the outer tank 225 communicates with the inner tank 226, a packing 228 is fitted around the inner tank 226, so that the extendable liquid 227 can be sealed in the space where the outer tank 225 communicates with the inner tank 226, a second spring 229 is connected to an inner bottom surface of the outer tank 225, and the other end of the second spring 229 is connected to an inner bottom surface of the inner tank 226, as shown in fig. 5. When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature, due to the solidification of the liquid, the liquid volume expansion of the telescopic liquid 227 pushes the inner groove 226 to move towards the first metal belt 1, so that the first metal belt 1 and the second metal belt 2 which are originally isolated by the silicon rubber are communicated, when current is introduced into the first metal belt 1 and the second metal belt 2 or the current is formed due to the change of an external magnetic field, the first metal belt 1 and the second metal belt 2 can generate heat, a part of the heat can be absorbed by the telescopic liquid 227, when the temperature of the liquid is raised to be above the solidification point, the solid can be melted into the liquid, the volume of the telescopic liquid 227 is reduced, and under the elasticity of the second spring 229, the inner groove 226 is pulled to shrink. The first metal strip 1 and the second metal strip 2 restore the insulation state again. Since the formed loop is broken and no current is formed in the first and second metal strips 1 and 2, the temperature raising process is suspended. The arrangement does not easily cause the problems of low-temperature brittle failure and the like of the cable sheath material, and the temperature is not too high to cause too high energy consumption due to too high temperature rise. The temperature rise stopping temperature can be flexibly set by adjusting the liquid formula, and the specific heat capacity of the liquid is large, so that the overall temperature of the outer surface of the cable can be well reflected.
The 226 components of the telescopic liquid comprise, by mass, 60-70 parts of water, 30-40 parts of ethanol, 0.8-2 parts of ethylene glycol, 0.2-1.2 parts of nitrite, 0.1-0.8 part of bactericide and 0.1-0.8 part of defoaming agent. By adjusting the formula ratio, different freezing points can be set.
The applicant determined by experiment the following different freezing point formulations in table 1:
table 1: formula table for different solidifying point telescopic liquid
Of course, the formula of the telescopic liquid can be adjusted within the scope of the invention according to actual needs.
Example 3
A cold-resistant cable comprising the cable metal layer as in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 above.
As shown in fig. 6, the cable metal layer is provided with an insulating layer 3, an insulating layer 4 and a conductor 5 in sequence, and the cable metal layer is provided with a sheath layer 6.
In the invention, the insulating layer 3 is formed by wrapping a lapping tape wrapping belt with certain elasticity and strong heat insulation capability, so that the cable metal layer is prevented from being directly contacted with the insulating layer 4, the insulating layer 4 is easily scratched by the edge of the cable metal layer, heat emitted by the cable metal layer can be prevented from being transmitted into a wire core of the insulating layer 4, more heat can be transmitted to the cable sheath layer 5, and the insulating layer can be specifically made of pearl wool or foam materials.
The cable metal layer is a heating source of the cable except for the shielding protection effect of a common cable metal belt layer, the surface of the second metal belt 2 is a copper belt/aluminum belt surface which keeps smooth, so that heat transfer after the copper belt heats is facilitated, the bonding performance of the outer sheath and the metal belt is guaranteed, and the cable sheath layer 6 is formed by extruding polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyolefin materials.
Example 4
A cable preheating method, which adopts the cable metal layer as in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, or the cold-resistant cable as in embodiment 3, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: integral preheating: the cable metal layer is closed to be annular, two ends of the cable metal layer are electrified, the cable is enabled to integrally generate heat, and the maximum temperature of the inner layer cable is controlled to be lower than 20 ℃. If the cable metal layer of embodiment 1 is used, the first metal strip 1 and the second metal strip 2 are connected and conducted by applying magnetic force, so as to form a closed loop. For embodiment 2, at a lower temperature, the first metal belt 1 and the second metal belt 2 are connected and conducted because of the solidification and expansion of the telescopic liquid, and the first metal belt 1 and the second metal belt 2 form a closed loop, which is not described herein.
The whole stage of preheating, connect the electrode respectively at cable metal level both ends, let in low-voltage current, the cable begins whole generating heat, and this stage preheats for whole, because of the cable generally coils on the dish utensil, and outside cable heat dissipation is fast, and inside is difficult for the heat dissipation, preheats and can lead to inside and outside cable difference in temperature too big for a long time, influences the cable quality, and extravagant energy. Therefore, in the invention, the maximum temperature of the inner layer cable is controlled to be lower than 20 ℃ in the integral preheating stage.
S2: local preheating: an alternating magnetic field is applied to the cable to be heated, so that flowing current is formed inside the cable metal layer which is closed into a ring shape, and the cable metal layer is self-heated. And when the metal layer self-heats to reach the set temperature, the closed cable metal layer is disconnected and the closing is released.
After the overall preheating is completed, the cable in the local area (e.g., in the outer layer) still does not reach the predetermined temperature, and therefore, the cable needs to be locally preheated. As described in embodiments 1 and 2, the metal layer of the cable is closed, and then the helmholtz coil is applied to the cable at the heating position to form an alternating magnetic field, so that the metal layer of the cable is self-heated to achieve the purpose of cold resistance.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A cable metal layer is characterized in that: lapping by first strap (1) and second strap (2) is formed around the package, second strap (2) internal surface both sides edge scribbles second silicon rubber (21), scribbles second silicon rubber (21) department equipartition has a plurality of telescoping device (22), telescoping device (22) stretch out when with first strap (1) contact.
2. The cable metal layer of claim 1, wherein: the edge of two sides of the outer surface of the first metal belt (1) is coated with first silicon rubber (11), and a plurality of grooves (12) are uniformly distributed at the position coated with the first silicon rubber (11); the retractable device (22) is matched with the groove (12) when extending out.
3. The cable metal layer of claim 1, wherein: scalable device (22) include base (221), magnet (222) are built-in to base (221), magnet (222) outer fringe is provided with base (221) clearance fit's extension piece (223), still be connected with first spring (224) on magnet (222), first strap (1) is connected to first spring (224) other end.
4. The cable metal layer of claim 1, wherein: the telescopic device (22) comprises an outer groove (225), an inner groove (226) is reversely buckled in the outer groove (225), telescopic liquid (227) is arranged in a space where the outer groove (225) is communicated with the inner groove (226), a sealing ring (228) is sleeved outside the inner groove (226), a second spring (229) is connected to the inner bottom surface of the outer groove (225), and the other end of the second spring (229) is connected to the inner bottom surface of the inner groove (226).
5. The cable metal layer of claim 4, wherein: the telescopic liquid (226) comprises, by mass, 60-70 parts of water, 30-40 parts of ethanol, 0.8-2 parts of ethylene glycol, 0.2-1.2 parts of nitrite, 0.1-0.8 part of bactericide and 0.1-0.8 part of defoaming agent.
6. The cable metal layer of claim 1, wherein: the inner surface of the first metal belt (1) is provided with flannelette.
7. The utility model provides a cold-resistant cable, characterized by: comprising a cable metal layer according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The cold-resistant cable of claim 7, which is characterized in that: the cable metal layer is internally provided with an insulating layer (3), an insulating layer (4) and a conductor (5) in sequence; and a sheath layer (6) is arranged outwards on the cable metal layer.
9. A cable preheating method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s2: local preheating: an alternating magnetic field is applied to the cable to be heated, so that flowing current is formed inside the cable metal layer which is closed into a ring shape, and the cable metal layer is self-heated.
10. The cold-resistant cable of claim 9, wherein before the step S2, the method further comprises the following steps:
s1: integral preheating: closing the cable metal layer into a ring shape, electrifying two ends of the cable metal layer to enable the cable to integrally generate heat, and controlling the highest temperature of the inner layer cable to be lower than 20 ℃;
and in step S2, when the metal layer self-heating reaches the set temperature, the closed cable metal layer is disconnected and the closing is released.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211502463.9A CN115798809A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Cable metal layer, cold-resistant cable and cable preheating method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211502463.9A CN115798809A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Cable metal layer, cold-resistant cable and cable preheating method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115798809A true CN115798809A (en) | 2023-03-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202211502463.9A Pending CN115798809A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Cable metal layer, cold-resistant cable and cable preheating method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117613752A (en) * | 2024-01-22 | 2024-02-27 | 广州珠江电缆集团(陕西)有限公司 | Device convenient to cable construction installation under low temperature environment |
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2022
- 2022-11-28 CN CN202211502463.9A patent/CN115798809A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117613752A (en) * | 2024-01-22 | 2024-02-27 | 广州珠江电缆集团(陕西)有限公司 | Device convenient to cable construction installation under low temperature environment |
| CN117613752B (en) * | 2024-01-22 | 2024-05-03 | 广州珠江电缆集团(陕西)有限公司 | Device convenient to cable construction installation under low temperature environment |
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