CN115792180A - Freezing and thawing inducing slope landslide simulating device - Google Patents
Freezing and thawing inducing slope landslide simulating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115792180A CN115792180A CN202211516756.2A CN202211516756A CN115792180A CN 115792180 A CN115792180 A CN 115792180A CN 202211516756 A CN202211516756 A CN 202211516756A CN 115792180 A CN115792180 A CN 115792180A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a freeze thawing inducing slope landslide simulation device, belonging to the technical field of landslide simulation tests and comprising: the device comprises an environment simulation box body, a slope simulation system, an environment simulation system and a computer module; the environment simulation box body comprises a refrigerating box and a heating box which are oppositely arranged; the slope simulation system comprises a model box, a slope model, a lifting member, a stress loading member and a pushing member; the environment simulation system comprises a water vapor collection mechanism, a rainfall mechanism, an underground water mechanism and a freeze-thaw heating mechanism; according to the invention, the stress loading component, the lifting component, the underground water mechanism and the freeze-thaw heating mechanism are combined to realize the simulation of freeze-thaw landslide instability, so that the whole process of landslide is clearly and visually analyzed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landslide simulation tests, in particular to a device for simulating slope landslide induced by freeze thawing.
Background
In northern areas and plateau areas of China, due to obvious positive and negative changes of annual temperature, large temperature difference occurs every day during winter and spring handover, so that soil slopes are subjected to freeze thawing circulation. The freeze-thaw cycle can greatly harm the safety and the stability of the soil slope and has great harmfulness to railway engineering and tunnel portals. Therefore, intensive research needs to be carried out on the deformation damage mechanism of the slope in the seasonal freeze-thaw area.
The freeze-thaw geological action is triggered by changing the physical form of water in the stratum and further changing the flow field of underground water, and the specific process comprises the following steps: the freeze thawing causes the enrichment and evacuation of underground water in the slope body, the enrichment causes the softening of the soil body of the side slope, the evacuation causes the sudden change of the hydrostatic pressure and the hydrodynamic pressure of the soil body, and further the stability of the side slope is influenced. Most of the existing freeze-thaw test systems do not consider the influence of underground water and ice and snow thawing on soil landslide in a freeze-thaw state.
The change of mechanical property characteristics of frozen soil under the action of freeze-thaw cycle is always a difficult point for the research of frozen soil, and the main reasons are as follows: indoor test conditions can not meet actual requirements, constant temperature control with small errors can not be guaranteed, and freezing and heating are carried out in the same test box, so that the test is long in consumed time, large in energy consumption and large in test result error, and larger temperature difference can not be achieved. The current freeze-thaw test system does not realize the intelligent control of the freeze-thaw cycle mode, but relies on manual adjustment, can not ensure the accuracy of the experiment and consumes manpower.
In the current freeze-thaw test, most of the side slopes are placed in an open space, and the box body has no heat preservation measures, so that the side slopes can exchange heat with the surrounding environment from any angle, which is not consistent with the condition that cold or heat is transferred to the side slopes from a single surface in the real freeze-thaw cycle; at present, most researches on soil landslide mechanisms only consider the single interface behavior of contact between a soil slope and the soil slope or between the soil slope and bedrock, and cannot consider the contact between the soil slope and other interfaces; when the side slope model is heated, water vapor cannot be discharged in time, the moisture evaporation rate of the side slope soil body can be influenced by the continuous increase of the air humidity, so that the moisture content of the side slope is influenced, and the test results can not accurately reflect the change of the side slope in the real freeze thawing cycle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects, provides a freeze thawing induced slope landslide simulation device and solves the technical problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above technical object, a technical solution of the present invention provides a freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation apparatus, including:
the environment simulation box body comprises a refrigerating box and a heating box which are oppositely arranged;
the slope simulation system comprises a model box, a slope model, a lifting member, a stress loading member and a pushing member, wherein an opening is formed above the model box, and the slope model is arranged in the model box; the driving end of the lifting member is connected with the model box and is used for driving one end of the side slope model to lift through the model box so as to adjust the inclination angle of the side slope model; the stress loading component is arranged on one side of the slope model and used for detecting the stress and the propulsion speed of the slope model; the pushing component is arranged between the refrigerating box and the heating box, and the driving end of the pushing component is connected with the model box so as to drive the model box to enter the corresponding environment simulation box body;
the environment simulation system comprises a water vapor collection mechanism, a rainfall mechanism, an underground water mechanism and a freeze-thaw heating mechanism, wherein the water vapor collection mechanism is arranged on the upper side inside the heating box and used for absorbing water vapor in the heating box; the water spraying end of the rainfall mechanism is arranged in the heating box and is used for spraying water to the side slope model in the heating box so as to simulate the runoff phenomenon; the underground water mechanism comprises a porous water pipe which is buried in the side slope model, and the outer surface of the porous water pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes for dispersedly supplying water in the side slope model; the freezing and thawing heating mechanism comprises semiconductor modules which are respectively arranged in the refrigerating box and the heating box and is used for cooling the inside of the refrigerating box or heating the inside of the heating box;
and the computer module is electrically connected with the electrical elements in the slope simulation system and the environment simulation system, and is provided with a plurality of operation modules for driving the model boxes to enter the corresponding environment simulation box bodies for set environment simulation.
In some embodiments, both relative one sides of refrigeration case and heating cabinet all are equipped with the sealing door through the hinge rotation, the top of sealing door is located to the hinge, respectively there is a pneumatic push rod in the both sides of sealing door, one side at refrigeration case or heating cabinet is fixed to pneumatic push rod's one end, sealing door is connected to pneumatic push rod's the other end, be used for through the switching of flexible control sealing door, both refrigeration cases and heating cabinet all inlay to one side and the top that deviates from and be equipped with the observation window that is the transparence, transparent observation window comprises double-deck hardened glass, other surfaces of refrigeration case and heating cabinet all wrap up one deck polyurethane heat preservation.
In some embodiments, the slope model comprises bedrock and a sliding body, the bedrock is arranged on the lower side of the sliding body, the contact surface of the bedrock and the sliding body forms a sliding surface, and crushed stones are distributed on the sliding surface;
the pushing component comprises rails, two wood plates and a trolley, the wood plates are arranged between the refrigerating box and the heating box, two ends of each wood plate extend into the refrigerating box and the heating box and are fixed in the refrigerating box and the heating box, the two rails are laid above the wood plates in parallel, the rails are matched with wheels of the trolley, and the trolley can do reciprocating linear motion on the rails;
the lifting member comprises a first jack, one end of the first jack is connected with the trolley, and the other end of the first jack is connected with the model box;
the stress loading member comprises a second jack, one end of the second jack is connected with the model box, and the other end of the second jack is connected with the sliding body.
In some embodiments, the water vapor collecting mechanism comprises a shell and a high molecular water absorbent resin, the shell is connected with the top end of the inner wall of the heating box, the shell is made of transparent glass, hollow holes are formed in the bottom and the side faces of the shell, a thin paper towel is laid at the bottom in the shell, and the high molecular water absorbent resin is placed above the paper towel.
In some embodiments, the water spraying end of the rainfall mechanism is arranged below the water vapor collecting mechanism, the water spraying end comprises an atomizing nozzle, the rainfall mechanism further comprises a water bucket, a first water pump, a spraying frame, a plurality of branch pipes and a first water meter, the branch pipes are mutually communicated and connected with the spraying frame, the branch pipes are uniformly provided with the plurality of atomizing nozzles along the length direction of the branch pipes, the atomizing nozzles face to the middle part in the heating box, one end of the water pipe is connected with the first water meter and the first water pump, the first water pump is arranged in the water bucket, and the water bucket is positioned outside the heating box;
when the model box is arranged in the heating box, the spraying frame is positioned right above the side slope model.
In some embodiments, the hardware circuit of the freeze-thaw heating mechanism comprises a central control module, a temperature collecting module, a semiconductor control circuit, an audible and visual alarm control circuit and an audible and visual alarm module;
the temperature collection module comprises a surface temperature sensor, a bottom temperature sensor and 3 environment temperature sensors, the surface temperature sensor and the slide body bottom sensor are respectively positioned on the surface and the bottom of the side slope model, the surface temperature sensor and the bottom temperature sensor are electrically connected with the central control module and used for transmitting temperature information to the central control module, and the central control module judges whether the side slope model is refrigerated or heated according to real-time information transmitted by the central control module;
the environment temperature sensors are dispersedly arranged at all positions in the model box, the environment temperature sensors are electrically connected with the central control module and used for transmitting temperature information to the central control module, and the central control module judges whether the temperature in the slope model reaches a set temperature according to the information transmitted in real time by the central control module;
the sound-light alarm module comprises a sound-light alarm;
the audible and visual alarm control circuit is electrically connected with the audible and visual alarm and is used for controlling the audible and visual alarm;
the central control module comprises a single chip microcomputer which is electrically connected with the semiconductor module and used for controlling the semiconductor module to work.
In some embodiments, the underground water mechanism further comprises a circulating water tank, a second water meter, a second water pump, a water return pipe and a water supply pipe, wherein the circulating water tank and the second water meter are connected through the water supply pipe, the porous water pipe is provided with a plurality of water pipes and is communicated with the water supply pipe, the other end of the water supply pipe is connected to a water outlet of the second water pump positioned in the circulating water tank, the circulating water tank is arranged at one end of the trolley, a heating device is arranged at the bottom of the circulating water tank and comprises a semiconductor heating sheet or an electric heating pipe, one section of the water return pipe is communicated with the lower section of the model box, and the other end of the water return pipe is communicated with the water tank.
In some embodiments, the semiconductor comprises a plurality of semiconductor wafers, each of which is arranged in parallel, and a fan provided at one side of the semiconductor wafer for rapidly and uniformly diffusing hot or cold air generated from the semiconductor wafer into the heating or cooling box.
In some embodiments, the simulation apparatus further comprises a water circulation mechanism, the water circulation mechanism comprises a refrigeration water tank, a heating water tank and a third water pump, the cold and heat exchange surfaces of the semiconductor module are respectively in contact with the refrigeration water tank and the heating water tank and are tightly and fixedly connected by using heat-conducting silica gel, the refrigeration water tank and the heating water tank are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the third water pump is arranged at the water outlet of the refrigeration water tank and is connected with the water inlet of the heating water tank through a water pipe, and the water outlet of the heating water tank is connected with the water inlet of the refrigeration water tank through a water pipe.
In some embodiments, the simulation device further comprises an information monitoring system, wherein the information monitoring system comprises a pore water pressure sensor, a soil pressure sensor, a moisture sensor and an image acquisition mechanism;
the pore water pressure sensor is embedded at the bottom of the sliding body and used for monitoring the change of a seepage field in the sliding body in the test process;
the soil pressure sensors are embedded in the middle and the upper part of the sliding body and used for monitoring the change of a stress field in the sliding body in the test process;
the water content sensors are embedded at different depths in the sliding body and are used for monitoring the water content change at different depths in the sliding body in the experimental process;
image acquisition mechanism includes thermal infrared imager, laser scanner and high-speed camera, thermal infrared imager and high-speed camera all are equipped with two and are located refrigeration case and heating cabinet outside respectively and towards transparent observation window, thermal infrared imager can monitor the full scale change condition of side slope temperature, one side of mold box is located to laser scanner, laser scanner is used for changing the angle of scanning and is connected with the computer module through the bluetooth, still be used for monitoring the whole deformation condition of side slope, high-speed camera is used for the slip process of real-time recording slope body, thermal infrared imager and high-speed camera all are connected with the computer module through the data line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. restoring the real situation in the nature. The influence of groundwater and ice and snow melting runoff on freeze thawing is fully considered, and a groundwater mechanism and a rainfall mechanism are introduced into the device, so that the phenomena of surface water infiltration and runoff caused by groundwater erosion and ice and snow melting under natural conditions can be simulated respectively; the slope model is insulated from all sides, and cold air or hot air can only invade from the top end of the slope model; the water vapor collecting mechanism is used for absorbing the water vapor generated during heating, and the humidity of the air in the heating box is kept unchanged; the slope model can adjust the slope through controlling the lifting component, is closer to the slope in the real environment, and enables the experimental result to be more real and reliable.
2. Separating the refrigeration box from the heating box. Refrigeration and heating are carried out separately, so that the process of temperature conversion in an experiment can be omitted, and the experiment time is shortened; the device avoids part of experimental devices from being always expanded with heat and contracted with cold, prolongs the service life of the device and saves energy.
3. Is highly intelligent. The whole set of system can be operated in all directions by utilizing the computer module without manual intervention in a freeze thawing experiment, and only numerical values such as heating temperature, heating completion temperature, refrigerating completion temperature, groundwater flow, precipitation flow and the like are input on a computer keyboard by an operator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an embodiment of a freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation apparatus provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a slope simulation mechanism of the freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a slope simulation mechanism of the freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a top cross-sectional view of the heating box of the freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a top plan view of a refrigeration cassette of the freeze-thaw induced slope slide simulation apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a circulating water tank of the freezing-thawing induced slope landslide simulation apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a bedrock top view of the freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the moisture collection mechanism of the freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation apparatus of FIG. 1;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of a semiconductor module mounting structure of the freezing-thawing induced slope landslide simulation apparatus of fig. 1;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional track configuration of the freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation apparatus of FIG. 1;
fig. 11 is a schematic hardware circuit diagram of a freeze-thaw heating mechanism of the simulation apparatus for inducing slope landslide by freeze-thawing in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. an environment simulation box body; 11. a refrigeration case; 111. a hinge; 112. a sealing door; 113. heat-insulating sponge; 114. an observation window; 13. a freeze thawing heating mechanism; 131. a central control module; 132. a temperature collection module; 1321. a surface temperature sensor; 1322. a bottom temperature sensor; 1323. an ambient temperature sensor; 133. a semiconductor control circuit; 134. a semiconductor module; 135. an acousto-optic alarm control circuit; 136. a sound and light alarm module; 14. a pneumatic push rod;
21. a heating box; 221. a semiconductor wafer; 222. a fan;
3. a water vapor collecting mechanism; 31. a housing; 32. a high molecular water-absorbent resin;
4. a slope simulation system; 41. a model box; 42. a side slope model; 421. bedrock; 422. a slider; 423. crushing stone; 43. a lifting member; 44. a stress loading member; 45. a pushing member; 451. a track; 452. a wood board; 453. a trolley; 454. a first side plate; 455. a second side plate; 456. wood blocks;
5. a rainfall mechanism; 51. an atomizing spray head; 52. a water bucket; 53. a first water pump; 54. a spray rack; 55. a branch pipe; 56. a first water meter;
6. an underground water mechanism; 61. a circulating water tank; 62. a porous water pipe; 63. a second water meter; 64. a second water pump; 65. a water return pipe; 66. a water supply pipe; 67. a wire mesh; 68. wood-made boards;
7. a computer module;
8. an information monitoring system; 81. a pore water pressure sensor; 82. a soil pressure sensor; 83. a moisture sensor; 85. an image acquisition mechanism; 851. a thermal infrared imager; 852. a laser scanner; 853. a high-speed camera;
9. a water circulation mechanism; 91. a refrigeration water tank; 92. heating the water tank; 93. and a third water pump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation apparatus, comprising: environment simulation box 1, side slope simulation system 4, environment simulation system and computer module 7.
The environment simulation box body 1 comprises a refrigerating box 11 and a heating box 21 which are oppositely arranged.
The slope simulation system 4 comprises a model box 41, a slope model 42, a lifting member 43, a stress loading member 44 and a pushing member 45, wherein an opening is formed above the model box 41, and the slope model 42 is arranged in the model box 41; the driving end of the lifting member 43 is connected with the model box 41 and is used for driving one end of the slope model 42 to lift through the model box 41 so as to adjust the inclination angle of the slope model 42; the stress loading member 44 is arranged on one side of the slope model 42 and is used for detecting the stress and the advancing speed of the slope model 42; the pushing member 45 is disposed between the cooling box 11 and the heating box 21 and has a driving end connected to the model box 41 for driving the model box 41 into the corresponding environment simulation tank body 1.
Furthermore, two sides and the bottom of the model box 41 are formed by welding low-temperature carbon structural steel Q235E steel plates, and polyurethane foam is covered on the surface of the model box to achieve the heat preservation effect; the upper part of the model box 41 is not provided with a baffle, so that cold air and hot air can enter the slope model 42 only from the top, the condition of one-way transmission of cold or heat from outside to inside in reality can be simulated, and the experimental result is more real and reliable.
The environment simulation system comprises a water vapor collecting mechanism 3, a rainfall mechanism 5, an underground water mechanism 6 and a freeze-thaw heating mechanism 13, wherein the water vapor collecting mechanism 3 is arranged on the upper side inside the heating box 21 and is used for absorbing water vapor in the heating box 21; the water spraying end of the rainfall mechanism 5 is arranged in the heating box 21 and is used for spraying water to the side slope model 42 in the heating box 21 so as to simulate the runoff phenomenon; the underground water mechanism 6 comprises a porous water pipe 62, the porous water pipe 62 is buried in the side slope model 42, and the outer surface of the porous water pipe 62 is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes for dispersedly supplying water in the side slope model 42; the freezing and thawing heating mechanism 13 includes semiconductor modules 134 respectively disposed in the refrigerating box 11 and the heating box 21, and is configured to cool the inside of the refrigerating box 11 or heat the inside of the heating box.
The computer module 7 is electrically connected with the slope simulation system 4 and the electric elements in the environment simulation system, and the computer module 7 is provided with a plurality of operation modules for driving the model box 41 to enter the corresponding environment simulation box body 1 for setting the environment simulation.
In the device, the pushing component 45 can be used for driving the model box 41 to enter the corresponding refrigerating box 11 or heating box 21, the inside of the refrigerating box 11 is cooled through the semiconductor module 134, so that the side slope model 42 is frozen, the inside of the refrigerating box 11 is heated through the semiconductor module 134, so that the side slope model 42 is heated, and the ice and snow melting phenomenon is simulated; the inclination angle of the slope model 42 can be adjusted and the stress and the propulsion speed of the slope model 42 can be detected through the lifting component 43 and the stress loading component 44; the rainfall mechanism 5 and the underground water mechanism 6 can be used for respectively supplying water to the side slope model 42 at the top and in the side slope model 42 in a dispersing way so as to simulate the phenomena of surface water infiltration and runoff caused by erosion of underground water and melting of ice and snow under natural conditions, and the water vapor collecting mechanism 3 can absorb the generated water vapor during heating and keep the humidity of the air in the heating box 21 unchanged; the computer module 7 is used for carrying out omnibearing control on the whole set of system.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the opposite sides of the refrigeration box 11 and the heating box 21 are both rotatably provided with a sealing door 112 through a hinge 111, the hinge 111 is arranged above the sealing door 112, magnetic door seals are arranged on the two sides and the upper part of the sealing door 112, the magnetic door seals are formed by extrusion molding of soft plastic polyethylene, and a plastic magnetic strip is inserted into the middle of the magnetic door seals, the door seals are designed with fins, an auxiliary air bag is arranged to increase the volume of air, the door seal thermal resistance is increased, and the heat exchange between the air in the box and the outside air is prevented, so as to achieve a better heat preservation effect; further, a magnetic attraction strip matched with the magnetic door seal strip is fixedly connected to the periphery of one surface, attached to the refrigerating box 11 or the heating box 21, of the sealing door 112.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 10, the pushing member 45 includes a rail 451, a wood block 452, and a trolley 453, the wood block 452 is disposed between the cooling box 11 and the heating box 21, two ends of the wood block 452 extend into and are fixed in the cooling box 11 and the heating box 21, two rails 451 are disposed and are laid side by side above the wood block 452, the rail 451 is matched with wheels of the trolley 453, the trolley 453 can make a reciprocating linear motion on the rail 451, and the rail 451 is coated with an anti-freezing lubricant.
The track 451 used in this example can strictly control the moving direction of the trolley 453, reduce the vibration amplitude of the trolley body to the maximum extent, and increase the moving speed of the trolley 453.
Specifically, the cart 453 is controlled by the computer module 7 and periodically reciprocates on the predetermined track 451, the computer module 7 sends a start signal, the cart 453 receives the signal and starts, and simultaneously feeds back the start signal to the computer module 7, after the cart 453 starts for a period of time, the cart 453 stops moving after receiving a stop signal sent by the computer module 7, and the moving distance is just enough for the cart 453 to reciprocate between the cooling box 11 and the heating box 21.
The bottom of the sealing door 112 is provided with the heat-insulating sponge 113, the heat-insulating sponge 113 is in contact with the track 451 and the wood board 452, the heat-insulating sponge 113 can fill the gap at the bottom of the sealing door 112 so as to reduce the friction between the sealing door 112 and the track 451 and the wood board 452 when the door is opened or closed, a notch matched with the track 451 in shape is formed at the contact part of the heat-insulating sponge 113 and the track 451, the notch is slightly smaller, and the volume of the heat-insulating sponge 113 is slightly larger than that of the gap; the heat preservation sponge 113 used in the embodiment has good softness, compressibility and heat preservation performance, and can perfectly utilize the compressibility of the heat preservation sponge 113 to completely cover the track 451, thereby preventing cold air or hot air from leaking.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, two sides of the sealing door 112 are respectively provided with a pneumatic push rod 14, one end of the pneumatic push rod 14 is fixed at one side of the refrigerating box 11 or the heating box 21, the other end of the pneumatic push rod 14 is connected with the sealing door 112, and the pneumatic push rod 14 is integrally placed in an inclined manner, can receive a command sent by the computer module 7 and starts to do work, and rotates the sealing door 112 to open or close along the upper hinge 111.
When receiving the signal of completion of cooling/heating sent by the central control module 131, the computer module 7 sends an opening signal to the corresponding sealing door 112; when the trolley 453 goes to another heating box 21 or to the cooling box 11, the computer module 7 sends a closing signal to the corresponding sealing door 112; after the command for opening or closing the sealing door 112 is completed, the sealing door 112 will feed back the completed signal to the computer module 7, and if the computer module 7 is not subjected to the signal fed back by the sealing door 112 after sending the command for opening or closing, the computer module 7 will control the central control module 131 to start the audible and visual alarm.
The pneumatic push rod 14 used in this embodiment has a low price, a high response speed, and a quick action, and can quickly complete the opening and closing actions of the sealing door 112.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the simulation apparatus further includes a water circulation mechanism 9, the water circulation mechanism 9 includes a refrigeration water tank 91, a heating water tank 92 and a third water pump 93, a heat exchange surface of the semiconductor module 134 is respectively in contact with the refrigeration water tank 91 and the heating water tank 92 and is tightly and fixedly connected by using heat-conducting silica gel, the height of the refrigeration water tank 91 from the ground is lower than that of the heating water tank 92, the refrigeration water tank 91 and the heating water tank 92 are both provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the third water pump 93 is disposed at the water outlet of the refrigeration water tank 91 and is connected with the water inlet of the heating water tank 92 through a water pipe, the water outlet of the heating water tank 92 is connected with the water inlet of the refrigeration water tank 91 through a water pipe, during operation, the third water pump 93 pushes water flow from the water outlet of the refrigeration water tank 91 to the water inlet of the heating water tank 92, water in the heating water tank 92 flows from the water outlet of the refrigeration water tank 92 to the water inlet of the refrigeration water tank 91 by gravity, so that water used in the entire apparatus can be recycled, and a large amount of water resources are saved.
Specifically, the cooling water tank 91 and the heating water tank 92 are made of aluminum alloy, so that the weight is light, and the thermal conductivity is good.
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the slope model 42 includes a bed rock 421 and a sliding body 422, the bed rock 421 is disposed on the lower side of the sliding body 422, as shown in fig. 7, a sliding surface is formed by a contact surface of the bed rock 421 and the sliding body 422, broken stones 423 are disposed on the sliding surface, the roughness of the sliding surface is adjustable, and the change of the roughness is mainly achieved by disposing different numbers of broken stones 423 on the bottom of the sliding body 422, it should be noted that the roughness design herein aims to explore the mechanism of action based on an idealized rough convex body, and thus is not required to be consistent with the actual roughness of the rock stratum. Arranging six rows of broken stones 423 on the bedrock 421, using different rows of broken stones 423 according to the roughness of the actual slip surface, and not arranging or arranging the combination of the 2 nd row and the 5 th row when the roughness is lower; the combination of the 1 st, 2 nd, 5 th and 6 th columns is set when the roughness is moderate; the combination of columns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 is set for higher roughness.
The width of the slope model 42 is slightly smaller than the width of the model box 41, so that the slope model has no friction with the model box 41.
Further, a stress loading member 44 is installed at the right side of the model box 41, the stress loading member 44 includes a second jack, one end of the second jack is connected with the model box 41, and the other end of the second jack is connected with the sliding body 422; it is also wirelessly connected with the computer module 7 through Bluetooth; the computer module 7 can control the second jack to carry out uniform loading until the bearings of the second jack are all pushed out, and the computer module 7 synchronously reads the data of the pressure sensor through a data collector DataTaker to obtain a thrust value; the stress magnitude can be controlled on the computer module 7, the bedrock 421 is in contact with the left side of the model box 41 and is not in contact with the right side of the model box 41; the left side of the slide 422 is in contact with the stress loading member 44 placed on the right side of the mold box 41.
The lifting member 43 comprises a first jack, one end of which is connected to the trolley 453 and the other end of which is connected to the model box 41; the lifting member 43 is connected with the computer module 7 through bluetooth, and the lifting distance of the first jack bearing can be controlled on the computer module 7, so that the inclination angle of the slope model 42 can be adjusted.
Specifically, the stress applying member 44 and the lifting member 43 may be implemented by a hydraulic cylinder or the like.
The top of the body of the trolley 453 is composed of a first side plate 454 and a second side plate 455, the model box 41 is placed on the first side plate 454, the second side plate 455 is fixed on the trolley 453 and is rotatably connected with the second side plate 455, so that the first side plate 454 can rotate around one end of the second side plate 455, the first side plate 454 is longer than the second side plate 455, the thicknesses of the first side plate 454 and the second side plate 455 are the same, the left end and the front and rear sides of the first side plate 454 are respectively provided with a vertical wood block 456, one side of the wood block 456 close to the model box 41 is provided with a layer of polystyrene foam board, and the height of the wood block 456 is lower than that of the bedrock 421.
The polystyrene foam board used in the embodiment is directly contacted with the model box 41, has small density and good impact resistance, has enough capacity to buffer external impact by changing and restoring the shape, is not influenced by air temperature, can not melt due to overhigh temperature and can not crack due to overlow temperature; the first side plate 454 is prevented from being lifted to slide the mold box 41, and the shock influence on the slope mold 42 when the trolley 453 is started is greatly reduced.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, in some embodiments, the water spraying end of the rain mechanism 5 is disposed below the water vapor collecting mechanism 3, the water spraying end includes an atomizing nozzle 51, the rain mechanism 5 further includes a water tank 52, a first water pump 53, a spraying rack 54, a plurality of branch pipes 55 and a first water meter 56, the water meter is connected to the computer module 7, and can control opening and closing and adjust the flow rate in the computer module 7, each branch pipe 55 is connected to each other and to the spraying rack 54, a plurality of atomizing nozzles 51 are uniformly disposed on each branch pipe 55 along the length direction thereof, the atomizing nozzles 51 can simulate rainfall in a range of 1mm/h to 50mm/h, the atomizing nozzles 51 face the middle of the heating box 21, one end of the water pipe is connected to the first water meter 56 and the first water pump 53, the first water pump 53 is disposed in the water tank 52, and the water tank 52 is located outside the heating box 21;
when the model box 41 is placed inside the heating box 21, the spraying frame 54 is located right above the side slope model 42, so that the atomizing nozzles 51 can spray water mist towards the side slope model 42, and the rainfall mechanism 5 can simulate rainfall under natural conditions and surface water infiltration and runoff phenomena generated after ice and snow melt.
As shown in fig. 2 and 6, in some embodiments, the ground water mechanism 6 further includes a second water meter 63, a second water pump 64, a water return pipe 65 and a water supply pipe 66, the circulation water tank 61 and the second water meter 63 are connected by the water supply pipe 66, the porous water pipe 62 is provided with a plurality of pipes and is communicated with the water supply pipe 66, the other end of the water supply pipe 66 is connected to a water outlet of the second water pump 64 located in the circulation water tank 61, the circulation water tank 61 is provided at one end of the cart 453, the bottom of the circulation water tank 61 is provided with a heating device, the heating device comprises a semiconductor heating sheet or an electric heating pipe, one section of the water return pipe 65 is communicated with the lower section of the mold tank 41, the other end of the water return pipe 65 is communicated with the circulation water tank 61, the second water meter 63 is connected with the computer module 7, and the opening and closing of the second water meter 63 and the flow rate adjustment can be controlled in the computer module 7.
The water supply pipe 66 is a soft water pipe and is covered with polyurethane foam to ensure normal circulation of water in the water supply pipe 66.
The water supply pipe 66 is fixed to the mold box 41 to prevent the water supply pipe 66 from moving back and forth to damage the side slope.
The water supply pipes 66 within the mould box 41 exposed to the side slopes are of sufficient length that the water supply pipes 66 are displaced in synchronism with the displacement of the slope during a breakdown.
The circulating water tank 61 is made of heat-insulating materials, polyurethane foam is wrapped outside the circulating water tank 61, the circulating water tank 61 can be detached from the trolley 453, the top of the circulating water tank 61 can be opened, a channel is reserved on the left side of the model box 41, the water return pipe 65 extends from the channel and is connected with the circulating water tank 61, and the water return pipe 65 is fixed inside the channel and completely occupies the channel, so that water leakage is prevented; water overflowing the slope model 42 may pass through a return pipe 65 to the circulation tank 61.
The heating device ensures normal underground water temperature, so that the consumption of electric energy is reduced.
The circulation water tank 61 collects water overflowing from rainfall and groundwater and supplies water to the groundwater mechanism 6 again, the volume of the circulation water tank 61 is larger than that of the water bucket 52, soil debris is mixed in the water flow in the process of collecting water, therefore, a wire netting 67 is placed at the passage to prevent the large soil debris from entering the passage along with the water flow and blocking, a wooden plate 68 is arranged at the front end of the circulation water tank 61 to enrich the soil debris and prevent the soil debris from entering the second water pump 64, the second water pump 64 is positioned at the tail of the circulation water tank 61 and can supply water to the porous water pipe 62 through the water supply pipe 66, so that the water dispersedly flows to the landslide through a plurality of pore channels of the water supply pipe to simulate the groundwater.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 8, in some embodiments, the water vapor collecting mechanism 3 includes a housing 31 and a high molecular water absorbent resin 32, the housing 31 is connected to the top end of the inner wall of the heating box 21, the housing 31 is made of transparent glass, and the bottom and the side surfaces of the housing 31 are both provided with hollow holes, a thin paper towel is laid at the bottom inside the housing 31, the high molecular water absorbent resin 32 is placed above the paper towel to prevent the high molecular water absorbent resin 32 from falling, and the position of the water vapor collecting device is higher than the spraying rack 54, so as to prevent the spraying water from interfering with the water vapor collecting device.
The high molecular water-absorbing resin 32 used in this example has a strong water-absorbing capacity, the highest water absorption rate can be up to 1000 times or more, and the absorbed water is easy to preserve, is non-toxic and has no peculiar smell.
As shown in fig. 1 and 8, the simulation apparatus further includes an information monitoring system 8, and the information monitoring system 8 includes a pore water pressure sensor 81, a soil pressure sensor 82, a moisture sensor 83, and an image acquisition mechanism 85.
The pore water pressure sensor 81 is embedded at the bottom of the sliding body 422, and the pore water pressure sensor 81 is connected with the computer module 7 through Bluetooth wireless and uploads data to the computer module 7. The change of the seepage field in the sliding body 422 during the test is monitored by the pore water pressure sensor 81.
The soil pressure sensors 82 are embedded in the middle and the upper part of the sliding body 422, are wirelessly connected with the computer module 7 through Bluetooth, upload data to the computer module 7, and monitor changes of a stress field in the sliding body 422 in the test process through the soil pressure sensors 82 in the experiment.
Further, the image acquisition mechanism 85 includes a thermal infrared imager 851, a laser scanner 852 and a high-speed camera 853, the thermal infrared imager 851 and the high-speed camera 853 are respectively provided with two sensors and located outside the refrigeration box 11 and the heating box 21 and facing the transparent observation window 114, the thermal infrared imager 851 can monitor the slope temperature full-scale change condition, the laser scanner 852 is arranged on one side of the model box 41 and fixedly connected with the model box 41, the laser scanner 852 is used for changing the scanning angle and is connected with the computer module 7 through bluetooth and is also used for monitoring the slope full-field deformation condition, the high-speed camera 853 is used for recording the sliding process of the slope body in real time, the displacement monitoring points on the boundary of the slide body 422 in the observation frame are used as the tracing points, based on the positions of the tracing points at various times, the image is post-processed by using a Pivlab image velocimetry method to obtain the displacement distribution characteristics of the slide body 422 at different times, and the thermal infrared imager 851 and the high-speed camera 853 are both connected with the computer module 7 through data lines.
As shown in fig. 9, in some embodiments, the semiconductor module 134 includes a plurality of semiconductor wafers 221, a fan 222, a power source and a plurality of components, each semiconductor wafer 221 is disposed in parallel at an air inlet of the cooling box 11 or the heating box 21, and the fan 222 is disposed at one side of the semiconductor wafer 221 and is used for rapidly and uniformly diffusing hot air or cold air generated by the semiconductor wafer 221 to the whole cooling box 11 or the heating box 21, so that the slope model 42 is uniformly cooled and heated, thereby reducing the experiment time.
Furthermore, the semiconductor wafer 221 used in this embodiment has a small size, can realize high-precision temperature control, has very small thermal inertia, has short cooling and heating time, does not vibrate or generate noise during operation, and has a long service life.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 11, in some embodiments, the hardware circuit of the freezing and thawing heating mechanism 13 includes a central control module 131, a temperature collecting module 132, a semiconductor control circuit 133, a semiconductor module 134, an audible and visual alarm control circuit 135 and an audible and visual alarm module 136.
The temperature collecting module 132 includes a surface temperature sensor 1321, a bottom temperature sensor 1322 and 3 environmental temperature sensors 1323, the surface temperature sensor and the bottom sensor of the sliding body 422 are respectively located on the surface and the bottom of the side slope model 42, the surface temperature sensor 1321 and the bottom temperature sensor 1322 are electrically connected with the central control module 131 and the computer module 7 and used for transmitting temperature information to the central control module 131 and the computer module 7, the central control module 131 judges whether the cooling or heating of the side slope model 42 is completed according to the transmitted real-time information, and the computer module 7 collects the transmitted information as a part of the information monitoring system 8.
The environment temperature sensors 1323 are dispersedly arranged at each position in the model box 41, the environment temperature sensors 1323 are electrically connected with the central control module 131 and the computer module 7 and used for transmitting temperature information to the central control module 131 and the computer module 7, the central control module 131 judges whether the temperature in the slope model 42 reaches the set temperature of the computer module 7 according to the information transmitted in real time, and the computer module 7 collects the transmitted information as a part of the information monitoring system 8.
The audible and visual alarm module 136 includes an audible and visual alarm.
The audible and visual alarm control circuit 135 is electrically connected to the audible and visual alarm for controlling the audible and visual alarm.
The central control module 131 comprises a single chip microcomputer, and the functions mainly realized by the central control module are as follows:
the audible and visual alarm is controlled by controlling the audible and visual alarm module driving circuit;
controlling the semiconductor refrigerating/heating sheet to work. Receiving the ambient temperature for cooling and heating set by the computer module 7, and controlling the semiconductor control circuit 133 and further the semiconductor module 134 according to the received data of the ambient temperature sensor 1323 by using a PID control method; maintaining the temperature inside the heating box 21 or the refrigerating box 11 at the cooling/heating ambient temperature set by the computer module 7;
sending a signal of completion of cooling/heating to the computer module 7, receiving a cooling completion temperature and a heating completion temperature set by the computer module 7, if the temperature collected by the surface temperature sensor 1321 of the sliding body 422 reaches the heating completion temperature set by the computer module 7, indicating that the heating of the slope model 42 in the heating box 21 is completed, and sending a signal of completion of heating to the computer module 7; if the temperature collected by the temperature sensor 1322 at the bottom of the sliding body 422 reaches the refrigeration completion temperature set by the computer module 7, it indicates that the refrigeration of the sliding body 422 in the refrigeration box 11 is completed, and sends a signal of completion of the refrigeration to the computer module 7;
receiving and comparing the temperature information of the temperature collecting module 132, and sending a temperature abnormal signal C to the computer module 7 when the temperature difference collected by any two environmental temperature sensors 1323 is more than two degrees; when the surface temperature sensor 1321 of the sliding body 422 or the bottom temperature sensor 1322 of the sliding body 422 does not reach the cooling temperature or the heating temperature set by the computer module 7 for a long time and exceeds a time threshold, a temperature abnormal signal D is sent to the computer module 7.
In particular, the functions implemented by the computer module 7 are:
the cooling/heating environmental temperature and completion temperature, the number of freeze-thaw cycles, the time threshold, the flow amount of the rainfall mechanism and the underground water mechanism 6, the time of the single movement of the cart 453, the stress amount and the advancing speed of the stress applying member 44, and the ascending distance of the lifting member 43, which are input through the keyboard, are received.
Controlling the switching of the refrigeration mode and the heating mode; when the computer module 7 receives a signal of completion of refrigeration sent by the central control module 131 in the refrigeration box 11/heating box 21, the computer module 7 sends a start signal to the trolley 453, sends an opening signal to the corresponding sealing door 112, sends a signal of starting refrigeration/heating to the central control module 131 in the heating box 21/refrigeration box 11, sends a signal of closing the semiconductor refrigeration/heating sheet to the central control module 131 in the refrigeration box 11/heating box 21, and after a period of time, the computer module 7 sends a signal of stopping movement to the trolley 453, and sends a closing signal to the sealing door 112;
controlling the heating device in the water tank to be opened and closed; when the cart 453 is in the heating chamber 21, the heating device is off; when the trolley 453 is in the cooling chamber 11, the heating device is turned on, and the heating device can keep the temperature of the water stable at the set temperature.
Recording the number of freeze-thaw cycles; when the cycle times reach a preset value, the freeze-thaw heating mechanism 13 is stopped;
controlling the opening and closing of a first water meter 56 and a second water meter 63 in the underground water mechanism and the rainfall mechanism;
and collecting information of the temperature collection module 132, the pore water pressure sensor 81, the soil pressure sensor 82, the moisture sensor 83 and the image acquisition mechanism 85, and comprehensively displaying the information.
The central control module 131 turns on an audible and visual alarm.
When the following conditions occur, the computer module 7 sends an instruction to the central control module 131 to control the sound-light alarm control circuit 135, and then controls the sound-light alarm module 136, and displays an abnormal code on the computer module 7: when the computer module 7 does not receive the opening or closing signal fed back by the sealing door 112 after the computer module 7 sends the opening or closing signal to the sealing door 112, displaying that the abnormal code is a; when the computer module 7 sends a start or stop signal to the trolley 453, the computer module 7 does not receive the start or stop signal fed back by the trolley 453, and displays an exception code of B; when the computer module 7 receives the temperature abnormal signal C sent by the central control module 131, the abnormal code is displayed as C; when the computer module 7 receives the temperature abnormal signal D sent by the central control module 131, the abnormal code is displayed as D; and when the number of freeze-thaw cycles reaches a preset value, displaying that the abnormal code is E.
The invention restores the real situation in nature. The influence of groundwater and ice and snow melting runoff on freeze thawing is fully considered, the groundwater mechanism 6 and the rainfall mechanism 5 are introduced into the device, and the phenomena of surface water infiltration and runoff caused by groundwater erosion and ice and snow melting under natural conditions can be simulated respectively; the four sides of the side slope model 42 are insulated, and cold air or hot air can only invade from the top end of the side slope model 42; the water vapor collecting mechanism 3 is used for absorbing the water vapor generated during heating and keeping the humidity of the air in the heating box 21 unchanged; the slope model 42 can adjust the slope by controlling the lifting member 43, and is closer to the slope in the real environment, so that the experimental result is more real and reliable.
The present invention separates the cooling box 11 and the heating box 21. Refrigeration and heating are carried out separately, so that the process of temperature conversion in an experiment can be omitted, and the experiment time is shortened; the device avoids part of experimental devices from being always in expansion with heat and contraction with cold, prolongs the service life of the device and saves energy.
The invention is highly intelligent. In a freeze-thaw experiment, no manual intervention is needed, and only the operator needs to input numerical values such as heating temperature, heating completion temperature, refrigerating completion temperature, groundwater flow, precipitation flow and the like on a computer keyboard in the computer module 7.
The invention adopts semiconductor refrigeration/heating. The energy consumption is low, the semiconductor is cooled by adopting a water circulation method, waste gas cannot be discharged outdoors, the noise is low, and no pollution is caused; the temperature difference of the semiconductor can reach more than 60 ℃ theoretically, and the freezing and thawing experiment under extreme environments can be carried out.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation apparatus, comprising:
the environment simulation box body comprises a refrigerating box and a heating box which are oppositely arranged;
the slope simulation system comprises a model box, a slope model, a lifting member, a stress loading member and a pushing member, wherein an opening is formed above the model box, and the slope model is arranged in the model box; the driving end of the lifting member is connected with the model box and used for driving one end of the side slope model to lift through the model box so as to adjust the inclination angle of the side slope model; the stress loading component is arranged on one side of the side slope model and used for detecting the stress and the propelling speed of the side slope model; the pushing component is arranged between the refrigerating box and the heating box, and the driving end of the pushing component is connected with the model box so as to drive the model box to enter the corresponding environment simulation box body;
the environment simulation system comprises a water vapor collecting mechanism, a rainfall mechanism, an underground water mechanism and a freeze-thaw heating mechanism, wherein the water vapor collecting mechanism is arranged on the upper side in the heating box and used for absorbing water vapor in the heating box; the water spraying end of the rainfall mechanism is arranged in the heating box and is used for spraying water to the slope model in the heating box so as to simulate the runoff phenomenon; the underground water mechanism comprises a porous water pipe, the porous water pipe is buried in the side slope model, and the outer surface of the porous water pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes for dispersedly supplying water in the side slope model; the freezing and thawing heating mechanism comprises semiconductor modules which are respectively arranged in the refrigerating box and the heating box and is used for cooling the interior of the refrigerating box or heating the interior of the heating box;
and the computer module is electrically connected with the slope simulation system and the electric elements in the environment simulation system, and is provided with a plurality of operation modules for driving the model box to enter the corresponding environment simulation box body for setting environment simulation.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a sealing door is rotatably provided on one side of the cooling box and the heating box opposite to each other through hinges, the hinges are provided above the sealing door, a pneumatic push rod is provided on each of two sides of the sealing door, one end of the pneumatic push rod is fixed on one side of the cooling box or the heating box, the other end of the pneumatic push rod is connected with the sealing door for controlling the opening and closing of the sealing door through extension and retraction, transparent observation windows are embedded in one side and the top of the cooling box and the heating box facing away from each other, each observation window is composed of double-layer hardened glass, and a polyurethane insulating layer is wrapped on other outer surfaces of the cooling box and the heating box.
3. The freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation device according to claim 2, wherein the slope model comprises bedrock and a gliding mass, the bedrock is arranged at the lower side of the gliding mass, a contact surface of the bedrock and the gliding mass forms a gliding surface, and crushed stones are distributed on the gliding surface;
the pushing component comprises rails, wood plates and trolleys, the wood plates are arranged between the refrigerating box and the heating box, two ends of each wood plate extend into the refrigerating box and the heating box and are fixed in the refrigerating box and the heating box, the two rails are arranged and are laid above the wood plates in parallel, the rails are matched with wheels of the trolleys, and the trolleys can do reciprocating linear motion on the rails;
the lifting member comprises a first jack, one end of the first jack is connected with the trolley, and the other end of the first jack is connected with the model box;
the stress loading member comprises a second jack, one end of the second jack is connected with the model box, and the other end of the second jack is connected with the sliding body.
4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the moisture collecting mechanism includes a housing and a polymer water-absorbent resin, the housing is connected to the top end of the inner wall of the heating chamber, the housing is made of transparent glass, the bottom and the side surfaces of the housing are provided with hollow holes, a paper towel is laid on the bottom of the housing, and the polymer water-absorbent resin is placed above the paper towel.
5. The freeze-thaw induced slope landslide simulation device according to claim 1, wherein a water spray end of the rainfall mechanism is arranged below the water vapor collection mechanism and comprises atomization nozzles, the rainfall mechanism further comprises a water bucket, a first water pump, a spray rack, a plurality of branch pipes and a first water meter, the branch pipes are communicated with each other and connected with the spray rack, the branch pipes are uniformly provided with the atomization nozzles along the length direction of the branch pipes, the atomization nozzles face to the middle part in the heating box, one end of the water pipe is connected with the first water meter and the first water pump, the first water pump is arranged in the water bucket, and the water bucket is positioned outside the heating box;
when the model box is arranged in the heating box, the spraying frame is positioned right above the side slope model.
6. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the hardware circuit of the freeze-thaw heating mechanism comprises a central control module, a temperature collection module, a semiconductor control circuit, an audible and visual alarm control circuit and an audible and visual alarm module;
the temperature collection module comprises a surface temperature sensor, a bottom temperature sensor and 3 environment temperature sensors, the surface temperature sensor and the slide body bottom sensor are respectively positioned on the surface and the bottom of the side slope model, the surface temperature sensor and the bottom temperature sensor are electrically connected with the central control module and used for transmitting temperature information to the central control module, and the central control module judges whether the side slope model is refrigerated or heated according to real-time information transmitted by the central control module;
the environment temperature sensors are dispersedly arranged at various positions in the model box, the environment temperature sensors are electrically connected with the central control module and used for transmitting temperature information to the central control module, and the central control module judges whether the temperature in the slope model reaches a set temperature according to the information transmitted in real time by the central control module;
the sound-light alarm module comprises a sound-light alarm;
the audible and visual alarm control circuit is electrically connected with the audible and visual alarm and is used for controlling the audible and visual alarm;
the central control module comprises a singlechip.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the underground water mechanism further comprises a circulating water tank, a second water meter, a second water pump, a water return pipe and a water supply pipe, the circulating water tank and the second water meter are connected by the water supply pipe, the porous water pipes are provided with a plurality of water supply pipes and are communicated with each other, the other end of the water supply pipe is connected to a water outlet of the second water pump in the circulating water tank, the circulating water tank is arranged at one end of the cart, the bottom of the circulating water tank is provided with a heating device, the heating device comprises a semiconductor heating sheet or an electric heating pipe, one section of the water return pipe is communicated with the lower section of the mold box, and the other end of the water return pipe is communicated with the water tank.
8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the semiconductor comprises a plurality of semiconductor wafers and a fan, each of the semiconductor wafers is disposed in parallel, the fan is disposed at one side of the semiconductor wafer for rapidly and uniformly diffusing hot or cold air generated from the semiconductor wafer into the heating or cooling box.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a water circulation mechanism, the water circulation mechanism comprises a cooling water tank, a heating water tank and a third water pump, the heat and cold exchange surface of the semiconductor module is respectively in contact with the cooling water tank and the heating water tank and is tightly fixed by using heat-conducting silica gel, the cooling water tank and the heating water tank are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the third water pump is arranged at the water outlet of the cooling water tank and is connected with the water inlet of the heating water tank through a water pipe, and the water outlet of the heating water tank is connected with the water inlet of the cooling water tank through a water pipe.
10. The device for simulating the slope landslide induced by freeze thawing according to claim 3, further comprising an information monitoring system, wherein the information monitoring system comprises a pore water pressure sensor, a soil pressure sensor, a moisture sensor and an image acquisition mechanism;
the pore water pressure sensor is embedded at the bottom of the sliding body and used for monitoring the change of a seepage field in the sliding body in the test process;
the soil pressure sensors are embedded in the middle and the upper part of the sliding body and used for monitoring the change of a stress field in the sliding body in the test process;
the water content sensors are embedded at different depths in the sliding body and used for monitoring the water content changes at different depths in the sliding body in the experimental process;
image acquisition mechanism includes thermal infrared imager, laser scanner and high-speed camera, thermal infrared imager and high-speed camera all are equipped with two and are located refrigeration case and heating cabinet outside respectively and towards transparent observation window, thermal infrared imager can monitor the full size change condition of side slope temperature, laser scanner locates one side of mold box, laser scanner be used for changing the angle of scanning and through the bluetooth with the computer module is connected, still is used for monitoring the full field deformation condition of side slope, the high-speed camera is used for the slip process of real-time recording slope body, and thermal infrared imager and high-speed camera all are connected with the computer module through the data line.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115980119A (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-04-18 | 中国有色金属工业昆明勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Karst area open slope rock mass freeze-thaw test device and method |
| CN116399723A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-07-07 | 成都理工大学 | Test system and method for simulating slope in alpine region under multi-environment factor coupling |
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