CN115792083A - Modular model combustion chamber test device - Google Patents

Modular model combustion chamber test device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115792083A
CN115792083A CN202211390404.7A CN202211390404A CN115792083A CN 115792083 A CN115792083 A CN 115792083A CN 202211390404 A CN202211390404 A CN 202211390404A CN 115792083 A CN115792083 A CN 115792083A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
fuel
nozzle
flame tube
swirler
combustion
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Pending
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CN202211390404.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邓福泉
胡传龙
赵宁波
秦顺闯
陆景贺
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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Priority to CN202211390404.7A priority Critical patent/CN115792083A/en
Publication of CN115792083A publication Critical patent/CN115792083A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized model combustion chamber test device, belonging to the technical field of gas turbines, the device comprises: an inlet casing, a modular combustion test section, and an outlet casing. Wherein the modularization burning test section includes: the fuel guide pipe, the fuel nozzle, the swirler, the flame tube, the quartz glass, the igniter electric nozzle pore plate and the window cover plate are all detachable parts. The modularized model combustion chamber test device provided by the invention is based on a real combustion chamber structure, adopts detachable parts, can be combined at will on the basis of ensuring sealing and strength, forms combustion chamber test devices of LPP, LDI, TAPS and the like, performs combustion tests on combustion chambers of different types, and can obtain more experimental data with less processing cost.

Description

Modular model combustion chamber test device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas turbine air systems, and particularly relates to a modularized model combustion chamber test device.
Background
The nozzle is a key component of a gas turbine combustor, and the performance of the nozzle directly affects the performance in terms of ignition probability, combustion efficiency, combustion stability, temperature distribution, exhaust pollution and the like, and also affects the service life of a flame tube and turbine blades. The optimized design of the nozzle structure and the acquisition of the nozzle with higher performance parameters is one of the methods for improving the overall performance of the gas turbine.
The design of the nozzle not only needs theoretical derivation and numerical calculation, but also is more important to obtain detailed atomizing and mixing characteristics and combustion characteristic test data of the nozzle in a limited space based on the verification of test data. The existing test device has the advantages of fixed structure, long processing period and high cost, and can not meet the test requirements of various nozzles. Therefore, the invention designs the modularized model combustion chamber, forms various types of combustion chambers through the cross combination of all components, and realizes the acquisition of test data of various types of nozzles working in various types of combustion chambers through lower cost and shorter period.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a modularized model combustion chamber test device, which aims to solve the problems of high cost and long period of test data for acquiring spray combustion in a combustion chamber, which are provided in the background.
One aspect of the invention provides a modular model combustion chamber test apparatus comprising an inlet casing, a fuel conduit, a fuel nozzle, a swirler, a flame tube, quartz glass, a window cover plate, an igniter electric nozzle orifice plate and an outlet casing; the inlet casing is positioned at the initial position of the device, the left end of the inlet casing is connected with the air inlet pipeline, and the right end of the inlet casing is connected with the modular combustion test section; the fuel guide pipe is fixed in the inlet casing through a fuel guide pipe mounting seat on the upper side of the inlet casing, and the right end of the fuel guide pipe is connected with a fuel nozzle and inserted into the cyclone; the fuel nozzle is connected with the fuel guide pipe and inserted into the cyclone; the swirler is positioned in the modularized combustion test section and is fixed on a swirler base at the head of the flame tube through a bolt; the flame tube is positioned in the modularized combustion test section, the left end of the flame tube is connected with the inlet casing, fixed through a bolt and a nut and sealed through a graphite gasket; the quartz glass is positioned in a window opening on the wall surface of the flame tube, and glass gaskets are respectively arranged up and down for sealing and are fixed with the wall surface of the flame tube through a window cover plate and bolts; the window cover plate is positioned in a window opening on the wall surface of the flame tube, pressed on the glass gasket and fixed on the wall surface of the flame tube through bolts; the igniter electric nozzle orifice plate is positioned on the bottom surface of the flame tube, is fixed through a bolt and is sealed through a graphite gasket; the outlet casing is positioned at the tail part of the device, the left end of the outlet casing is connected with the modular combustion test section, and the outlet casing is fixed through bolts and nuts and sealed through a graphite gasket; the cyclone is a detachable part; the thickness, the installation angle, the number and the hub ratio of the blades of the swirler are adjustable, so that the swirl number and the pressure recovery coefficient of the swirler can be adjusted; when a plurality of said swirlers are used simultaneously, a plurality of said swirlers can be used to cooperate in achieving both radial and axial staging of air and fuel staging.
Further, the modular combustion test section comprises the following parts: the fuel nozzle comprises a fuel guide pipe, a fuel nozzle, a swirler, a flame tube, quartz glass and a window cover plate; and all parts of the modularized combustion test section are detachable parts.
Furthermore, any one of various combustion chamber test devices is formed among the fuel guide pipe, the fuel nozzle, the swirler, the flame tube, the quartz glass and the window cover plate in any combination mode.
Further, fuel pipe and fuel nozzle are removable subassembly, realize the fuel classification through different grade type fuel pipe, and fuel nozzle uses pressure whirl atomizing nozzle or air-assisted atomizing nozzle to realize the atomizing of different grade type.
Furthermore, observation windows are arranged on three sides of the flame tube, and quartz glass and window cover plates are respectively installed on the three sides of the flame tube.
Further, the shape of the flame tube is one of: the shape of the flame tube corresponding to the fan-shaped, square or single-tube combustion chamber.
Further, an igniter electric nozzle opening and a pressure guiding pipe opening are arranged on the bottom surface of the flame tube, wherein the igniter electric nozzle opening is a rectangular area.
Further, the device is provided with a plurality of ignition nozzle cover plates corresponding to each other, and the positions of the holes of the plurality of ignition nozzle cover plates are different from each other, so that the device realizes the adjustment of the ignition position in the axial direction and the radial direction by adopting different ignition nozzle cover plates.
The components of the modularized model combustion chamber test device are all detachable parts, and various types of combustion chambers are formed by cross combination of the components, so that test research on spray combustion can be carried out at lower cost in a shorter period, and detailed test data can be obtained.
The modularized combustion test device is simple in structure, each component of the modularized combustion test section is designed to be a detachable part, all the components are combined in a cross mode, high flexibility is achieved, sealing and rigidity strength are guaranteed among all the components, and the test device has enough safety.
Drawings
The invention may be better understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals identify like or similar parts throughout the figures. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the detailed description, further serve to explain the principles and advantages of the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a modular model combustor test rig of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a modular model combustor test rig of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-inlet casing, 2-fuel conduit, 3-fuel nozzle, 4-swirler, 5-flame tube, 6-quartz glass, 7-window cover plate, 8-igniter electric nozzle orifice plate, and 9-outlet casing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a modular model combustor test rig of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the device comprises an inlet casing 1, a fuel guide pipe 2, a fuel nozzle 3, a swirler 4, a flame tube 5, quartz glass 6, a window cover plate 7, an igniter nozzle orifice plate 8 and an outlet casing 9.
The inlet casing 1 is positioned at the initial position of the device, the left end of the inlet casing is connected with an air inlet pipeline, and the right end of the inlet casing is connected with a modular combustion test section; the fuel guide pipe 2 is fixed in the inlet casing through a fuel guide pipe mounting seat on the upper side of the inlet casing, and the right end of the fuel guide pipe is connected with a fuel nozzle and inserted into the cyclone; the fuel nozzle 3 is connected with a fuel guide pipe and inserted into the interior of the swirler; the swirler 4 is positioned in the modularized combustion test section and is fixed on a swirler base at the head of the flame tube through a bolt; the flame tube 5 is positioned in the modularized combustion test section, the left end of the flame tube is connected with the inlet casing, fixed through bolts and nuts and sealed through a graphite gasket; the quartz glass 6 is positioned in a window opening on the wall surface of the flame tube, and glass gaskets are respectively arranged up and down for sealing and are fixed with the wall surface of the flame tube through a window cover plate and bolts; the window cover plate 7 is positioned in a window opening on the flame tube wall surface, pressed on the glass gasket and fixed on the flame tube wall surface through bolts; the igniter electric nozzle orifice plate 8 is positioned on the bottom surface of the flame tube, is fixed through a bolt and is sealed through a graphite gasket; the outlet casing 9 is positioned at the tail part of the device, the left end of the outlet casing is connected with the modular combustion test section, and the outlet casing is fixed through bolts and nuts and sealed through a graphite gasket.
As an example, the modularized combustion test section is composed of a fuel guide pipe, a fuel nozzle, a swirler, a flame tube, quartz glass and a window cover plate, wherein the fuel guide pipe, the fuel nozzle, the swirler, the flame tube, the quartz glass and the window cover plate are all detachable parts, and various types of combustion chamber test devices can be formed by randomly combining the parts on the basis of ensuring the sealing and the strength.
As an example, the fuel guide pipe and the fuel nozzle are detachable components, fuel classification can be achieved by designing and processing different types of fuel guide pipes, the fuel nozzle can use a pressure swirl atomizing nozzle, an air-assisted atomizing nozzle and the like, and different types of atomization can be achieved.
As an example, the swirler is a detachable part, radial and axial grading of air and fuel grading can be realized by designing and processing a plurality of swirlers, and the swirl number and the pressure recovery coefficient can be adjusted by changing parameters such as the thickness of the blades, the installation angle, the number of the blades, the hub ratio and the like.
As an example, the flame tube is provided with observation windows on three sides, and quartz glass and a window cover plate are respectively installed on the observation windows, so that the flame tube can be adapted to laser diagnosis technologies such as PIV (particle image velocimetry) and/or PLIF (laser induced fluorescence method), and the shape of the flame tube can be changed to research combustion chambers such as a sector, a square or a single tube; in other words, the shape of the flame tube may be set to one of: the shape of the flame tube corresponding to the fan-shaped, square or single-tube combustion chamber.
In addition, as an example, an igniter nozzle opening and a pressure guide pipe opening are arranged on the bottom surface of the flame tube, wherein the igniter nozzle opening is a rectangular area, a plurality of ignition nozzle cover plates with different opening positions are machined, and the ignition position is adjustable in the axial direction and the radial direction. In other words, the device can be correspondingly provided with a plurality of different ignition nozzle cover plates, and the positions of the holes of the plurality of ignition nozzle cover plates are different, so that the device can realize the adjustment of the ignition position in the axial direction and the radial direction by adopting different ignition nozzle cover plates.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a modular model combustor test rig includes an inlet case, a modular combustion test section, and an outlet case; the inlet casing is provided with a fuel conduit mounting base, and compressed air enters the modular combustion test section through the inlet casing; the modularized combustion test section comprises a fuel guide pipe, a fuel nozzle, a swirler, a flame tube, quartz glass, an igniter electric nozzle pore plate and a window cover plate, wherein the fuel guide pipe passes through an inlet casing and is fixedly installed on a fuel guide pipe installation base, and the fuel nozzle is connected to an outlet of the fuel guide pipe and is fixed in the center of the swirler; the swirler passes through bolted connection to be fixed at the flame tube head, and its center is fixed with the fuel nozzle, the flame tube passes through the bolt, the nut is fixed at the entry machine casket outlet side, and is sealed through the graphite gasket, and its preceding, back, last wall arrange the observation window, and the bottom surface is arranged some firearm electric nozzle opening and is drawn the pipe trompil, installs inboard glass gasket, quartz glass, outside glass gasket and window apron in proper order on its observation window and through bolt fastening and sealing, the part is removable spare part, can make up wantonly between each spare part on the basis of guaranteeing sealed and intensity and constitute polytype combustion chamber test device.
In this embodiment, the fuel conduit is, for example, a detachable component, and the fuel conduit may be designed as a single oil path, multiple oil paths, and an air path for supplying and supplying fuel to various types of nozzles.
In this embodiment, the fuel injector is, for example, a removable component, and different types of injectors can be replaced to operate in different operating conditions in different types of combustion chambers.
In the embodiment, the swirler is a detachable component, for example, the swirl number can be adjusted and the pressure drop of the flame tube can be controlled by changing the parameters of the swirler, such as the blade thickness, the installation angle, the height, the hub ratio and the like, and the performance of the nozzle in the staged combustion mode can be researched by replacing the axial and radial staged swirlers.
In this embodiment, the flame tube is, for example, a detachable component, the wall surface of the flame tube is provided with an observation window, the flame tube can be suitable for laser diagnosis technologies such as PIV and PLIF, the bottom surface of the flame tube is provided with an igniter opening, a series of igniter electric nozzle hole plates are matched, the ignition position is adjusted in the axial direction and the radial direction by changing the opening position of the electric nozzle, and ignition parameters of the igniter are adjusted to study the ignition performance, and the flame tube can be designed into a rectangle shape, a sector shape, a barrel shape and the like, and is respectively used for experimental study.
According to another embodiment of the invention, a modular model combustor test rig, for example, consists essentially of an inlet casing, a modular combustion test section, and an outlet casing. The modularization combustion test section includes the fuel pipe, the fuel nozzle, the swirler, the flame tube, quartz glass, window apron and some firearm electric nozzle orifice plate, be detachable spare part, wherein fuel pipe access connection supplies oil pipe way, exit linkage fuel nozzle, the fuel nozzle is installed at the swirler center, the swirler is installed at the flame tube head, the trilateral observation window of arranging of flame tube, install quartz glass respectively and be used for laser diagnosis, some firearm electric nozzle opening and leading pipe trompil are arranged to the bottom surface, some firearm electric nozzle opening at the flame tube bottom surface is installed to some firearm electric nozzle orifice plate, some firearm electric nozzle is installed on the base of some firearm electric nozzle orifice plate.
The operation and principle of the embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate understanding of the advantages of the present invention. When the device is used for carrying out a spray combustion test, compressed air sequentially flows through the inlet casing, the swirler, the flame tube and the outlet casing, fuel oil flows through the fuel oil guide pipe and the fuel oil nozzle and is sprayed out from the fuel oil nozzle, atomized and evaporated in the flame tube, mixed with swirling air and ignited and combusted through the electric nozzle of the igniter. Laser irradiates the interior of the flame tube through three glass windows, and the photographing/camera shooting equipment shoots and records the information of the internal flow field. Each component of the modularized combustion test section is a detachable part, multiple types of combustion chambers are formed by cross combination among the components, the test device can be used for assembling model combustion chambers of specific types according to test requirements, physicochemical mixing characteristics, ignition characteristics, combustion characteristics and the like of the model combustion chambers are researched in a test, and the purpose of acquiring required test data through a small cost and a short period is achieved.
While the invention has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this description, will appreciate that other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as disclosed herein. Moreover, it should be noted that the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes, and may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter. Accordingly, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims. The present invention has been disclosed in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A modularized model combustion chamber test device is characterized by comprising an inlet casing (1), a fuel guide pipe (2), a fuel nozzle (3), a swirler (4), a flame tube (5), quartz glass (6), a window cover plate (7), an igniter electric nozzle pore plate (8) and an outlet casing (9);
the inlet casing (1) is positioned at the initial position of the device, the left end of the inlet casing is connected with an air inlet pipeline, and the right end of the inlet casing is connected with the modular combustion test section; the fuel guide pipe (2) is fixed in the inlet casing through a fuel guide pipe mounting seat on the upper side of the inlet casing, and the right end of the fuel guide pipe is connected with a fuel nozzle and inserted into the cyclone; the fuel nozzle (3) is connected with the fuel guide pipe and inserted into the cyclone; the swirler (4) is positioned in the modularized combustion test section and is fixed on a swirler base at the head of the flame tube through bolts; the flame tube (5) is positioned in the modularized combustion test section, the left end of the flame tube is connected with the inlet casing, fixed through bolts and nuts and sealed through a graphite gasket; the quartz glass (6) is positioned in a window opening on the wall surface of the flame tube, and glass gaskets are respectively arranged up and down for sealing and are fixed with the wall surface of the flame tube through a window cover plate and bolts; the window cover plate (7) is positioned in a window opening on the wall surface of the flame tube, pressed on the glass gasket and fixed on the wall surface of the flame tube through bolts; the igniter electric nozzle orifice plate (8) is positioned on the bottom surface of the flame tube, is fixed through a bolt and is sealed through a graphite gasket; the outlet casing (9) is positioned at the tail part of the device, the left end of the outlet casing is connected with the modular combustion test section, and the outlet casing is fixed through bolts and nuts and sealed through a graphite gasket;
the cyclone (4) is a detachable part; the thickness, the installation angle, the number of blades and the hub ratio of the blades of the swirler (4) are adjustable, so that the swirl number and the pressure recovery coefficient of the swirler (4) can be adjusted;
when a plurality of said swirlers (4) are used simultaneously, a plurality of said swirlers (4) can be used to cooperate in achieving both radial and axial staging of air and fuel staging.
2. The modular model combustor test rig of claim 1, wherein the modular combustion test section comprises the following components: the fuel nozzle comprises a fuel guide pipe, a fuel nozzle, a swirler, a flame tube, quartz glass and a window cover plate; and all parts of the modularized combustion test section are detachable parts.
3. The modular model combustor test rig of claim 2, wherein any one of a plurality of types of combustor test rigs are formed between the fuel rail, fuel nozzle, swirler, flame tube, quartz glass, and window cover plate in any combination.
4. The modular model combustor test rig of claim 1, wherein the fuel rail and fuel nozzle are removable components that enable fuel staging through different types of fuel rails, the fuel nozzle using a pressure swirl atomizing nozzle or an air-assisted atomizing nozzle to enable different types of atomization.
5. The modular model combustor test rig of claim 1, wherein the flame tube has viewing windows on three sides, each of which mounts quartz glass and a window cover plate.
6. The modular model combustor test rig of claim 5, wherein the shape of the liner is one of: the shape of the flame tube corresponding to the fan-shaped, square or single-tube combustion chamber.
7. The modular model combustor test rig of claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the liner is configured with an igniter nozzle opening and a pilot tube opening, wherein the igniter nozzle opening is a rectangular area.
8. The modular model combustion chamber test apparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus is provided with a corresponding plurality of ignition nozzle cover plates, the opening positions of the plurality of ignition nozzle cover plates being different from each other, such that the apparatus enables adjustment of the ignition position in the axial and radial directions by using different ignition nozzle cover plates.
CN202211390404.7A 2022-11-05 2022-11-05 Modular model combustion chamber test device Pending CN115792083A (en)

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