CN111765492A - Visual full-ring model combustion chamber with replaceable head structure - Google Patents
Visual full-ring model combustion chamber with replaceable head structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111765492A CN111765492A CN202010534429.4A CN202010534429A CN111765492A CN 111765492 A CN111765492 A CN 111765492A CN 202010534429 A CN202010534429 A CN 202010534429A CN 111765492 A CN111765492 A CN 111765492A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/52—Toroidal combustion chambers
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Abstract
A visual full-ring model combustion chamber with a replaceable head structure. Relates to the field of aero-engine combustion chamber structures. The visualized full-ring model combustion chamber with the replaceable head structure is short in development period and low in cost. The gas turbine comprises a gas inlet casing, a gas inlet assembly, an annular head, a flame tube and an ignition assembly; the bottom of the air inlet casing is provided with an air inlet, and the top of the air inlet casing is detachably connected with the annular head; the flame tube comprises an inner flame tube and an outer flame tube made of transparent materials; a swirler is detachably arranged in the mounting hole; a nozzle is arranged in the swirler; the oil inlet assembly is arranged in the air inlet casing and is used for supplying oil to the nozzles; ignition subassembly fixed connection is on the flame tube, and ignition subassembly is including wearing to establish the ignition torch of outer flame tube. Through the ingenious design of annular head, change the swirler of different quantity, only need tear open and trade the annular head that the installation corresponds, on the other hand can conveniently carry out the observation of full visual field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aero-engine combustion chamber structures, in particular to a visual full-ring combustion chamber with a replaceable head structure.
Background
Internationally, NASA divides the research and development of the combustion chamber technology into a plurality of stages, wherein the research and development of the combustion chamber design concept, the research and development of a single-head combustion chamber, the design of a multi-head combustion chamber, 9 stages such as a full-circle and complete machine testing link and the like are included, and the test conditions, the period and the expenses from low stage to high stage are increased in a jumping way. The single-head test piece has the characteristics of short period, low test cost and the like, is convenient to optically measure, is easy to determine test parameters, is often used as an object for early test research and alternative research, but in an actual test, the single-head test piece lacks flame propagation characteristics under the interference state of a plurality of head flames, a multi-head fan-shaped combustion chamber can reflect the curvature characteristics of the combustion chamber to a certain extent, but is limited by two side wall surface effects, can not reflect the flow field interaction and the flame structure between two heads in the actual combustion chamber, can not accurately reflect the whole flow field characteristics of the annular combustion chamber and the flame-connecting process of circumferential flames, has certain difference in combustion performance, but because the development of the large-scale engine annular combustion chamber needs large-scale experimental equipment, the problem that the direct experimental research on the full-scale industrial-grade combustion chamber is difficult to measure and the like is also faced, a laboratory-scale combustion chamber model is developed, so that the flow field characteristic of a real combustion system is kept as far as possible, and meanwhile, optical diagnosis is facilitated, and the method becomes an effective way for researching an annular combustion chamber.
In view of the above problems, a lot of research has been carried out by those skilled in the art, for example, in the patent "a hole-type swirler and a full-ring combustion chamber formed by hole-type swirlers", patent No. CN 109084330a, a hole-type nozzle mold is adopted, which has swirl holes with two different swirl angles, and is helpful for fuel oil crushing and mixing, and the hole-type nozzle mold has a small structure, can arrange more injection points, and can make downstream distribution more uniform. The patent "a multi-micro-swirler head for a super-micro turbojet engine full-ring combustor", patent No. CN106196174B, the multi-micro-swirler head is connected with an inner casing and a flame tube, and is arranged at the flame tube head along the gas flow direction. The micro-swirlers are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the number of the micro-swirlers can be adjusted along with the size of the flame tube of the combustion chamber. Patent "diesel engine combustion chamber with visual window", patent number CN107023378B, its structure is: the quartz cylinder sleeve is connected with the metal cylinder sleeve, and the lengthened piston is arranged in the quartz cylinder sleeve and the metal cylinder sleeve, so that the problems that the flow field is distorted by a traditional simplified combustion chamber and the vertical flow field in the combustion chamber is difficult to obtain are solved. Despite the numerous efforts of these patents, there are problems, such as replaceable configurations, that do not allow for the observation of flow conditions within the combustion chamber or the capture of the combustion chamber flow field, but do not allow for the adjustment of the combustion chamber size.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the visual full-ring model combustion chamber with the detachable head structure, which has the advantages of short research and development period, low consumption, realization of adjustable size and easy replacement of the combustion chamber, convenient acquisition of the flow field structure and the flame combustion condition in the combustion chamber and convenient research on the characteristics of the combustion chamber.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the gas turbine comprises a gas inlet casing, a gas inlet assembly, an annular head, a flame tube and an ignition assembly; the bottom of the air inlet casing is provided with an air inlet, and the top of the air inlet casing is detachably connected with the annular head;
the flame tube comprises an inner flame tube and an outer flame tube made of transparent materials, the inner flame tube and the outer flame tube are detachably connected to the top surface of the annular head, the inner flame tube is positioned in the outer flame tube, and a space is reserved between the inner flame tube and the outer flame tube;
the annular head is provided with a plurality of mounting holes between the inner flame tube and the outer flame tube, and a swirler is detachably arranged in each mounting hole;
a nozzle is arranged in the swirler; the oil inlet assembly is arranged in the air inlet casing and is used for supplying oil to the nozzles;
ignition subassembly fixed connection is on the flame tube, and ignition subassembly is including wearing to establish the ignition torch of outer flame tube.
The transparent material is quartz glass.
Two annular mounting grooves are formed in the top surface of the annular head, the two mounting grooves are coaxial, one mounting groove is located on the inner side of the other mounting groove, and the bottom ends of the inner flame tube and the outer flame tube are respectively inserted into the two mounting grooves.
The air inlet casing is internally provided with an air inlet fairing and a head fairing, the air inlet fairing is arranged at the lower part of the air inlet casing, the outer wall of the air inlet fairing is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air inlet casing, and the air inlet fairing is uniformly provided with a plurality of small fairing holes;
the head fairing is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the annular head, the head fairing is cylindrical and coaxial with the air inlet casing, the bottom end of the head fairing is hemispherical, and the mounting holes are formed between the head fairing and the inner wall of the air inlet casing.
The air inlet casing comprises a front air inlet casing, a middle air inlet casing and a rear air inlet casing which are sequentially and fixedly connected, the annular head is detachably connected with the rear air inlet casing, the bottom of the front air inlet casing is conical, a main air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the front air inlet casing, a branch air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main air inlet pipe, and the pipe orifice of one side, far away from the main air inlet pipe, of the branch air inlet pipe is an air inlet.
The bottom fixedly connected with oil catcher of main intake pipe, the bottom of oil catcher is equipped with rather than dismantling the end cap that is connected.
The lower part of the air inlet casing is also provided with a support bracket which is detachably connected to the outer wall of the air inlet casing.
The oil inlet assembly comprises an oil inlet pipe, an oil cavity and a plurality of oil outlet pipes, one end of the oil inlet pipe extends out of the air inlet casing, the other end of the oil inlet pipe is located inside the air inlet casing and fixedly connected with the oil cavity, the oil cavity is communicated with the oil inlet pipe, a plurality of oil branch pipes are fixedly connected to the oil cavity, the nozzles, the oil outlet pipes and the oil branch pipes are in one-to-one correspondence, the bottom end of the oil outlet pipe is connected with one end, far away from the oil cavity, of the oil branch pipes, and the top end of the oil outlet pipe is connected with the.
The ignition assembly comprises an ignition seat, an ignition sleeve and an ignition electric nozzle, and an ignition hole for accommodating the ignition electric nozzle is formed in the side wall of the outer flame tube;
the ignition base is detachably connected to the top surface of the annular head and located on the outer side of the outer flame tube, the ignition sleeve is fixedly connected to the ignition base, the ignition electric nozzle is fixedly connected to the inside of the ignition sleeve, and one end of the ignition electric nozzle penetrates through the ignition hole.
The invention provides a design and a method of a visual full-ring model combustion chamber with a replaceable head structure. Through the ingenious design of annular head, with each mutual overlap joint of structure, when each structure gas tightness obtains guaranteeing, change the swirler of different quantity, only need tear open the annular head that the installation corresponds, on the other hand, this model is visual full ring model combustion chamber, and the flame tube outer wall material is quartz glass, can conveniently carry out the observation in full field of view, utilizes various optical means to carry out flame structure and shoots, can shorten processing cycle greatly and practice thrift economic cost, has great practical meaning. Meanwhile, the problems that fuel oil diffuses everywhere and is difficult to collect when an oil way of the combustion chamber is opened, the combustion chamber is polluted under certain conditions and the like are avoided.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the annular head in the head structure is designed to be replaceable, other structures are kept unchanged, and when different numbers of cyclones are needed, the corresponding annular head is installed. The integrated processing of a plurality of sets of combustion chamber model test pieces is avoided, the processing period can be greatly shortened, and the economic cost can be saved.
And the outer flame tube is made of quartz glass, so that full-field observation is facilitated, and an operator can utilize advanced optical diagnostic equipment to study the flow field characteristics of the full-ring combustion chamber and the dynamic characteristics of flame propagation among multiple heads, such as formation, development and stability of a fire core during ignition.
And thirdly, an oil collector is welded at the bottom of the front end of the air inlet casing and used for collecting fuel oil in a test, when the fuel supply is opened and ignition fails, the fuel oil discharged from the nozzle falls downwards and falls into the oil collector, a plug is installed on the oil collector, and when the fuel oil is collected to a certain degree, the plug is opened, so that the fuel oil can be discharged outwards.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present application,
figure 2 is a perspective view of figure 1,
figure 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the present case,
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of FIG. 3;
figure 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the support bracket,
figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a front inlet casing,
figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a middle inlet casing,
figure 8 is a schematic structural view of the rear inlet casing,
figure 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the annular head,
figure 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the flame tube,
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the head fairing;
in the figure, 1 is a support bracket, 2 is a first flange, 7 is a second flange, 12 is a third flange, 13 is a fourth flange, 18 is a fifth flange, 19 is a sixth flange, 30 is a seventh flange, and 34 is an eighth flange;
the gas inlet is 3, the gas inlet is two, the gas inlet is 5, the gas inlet box is 6, the gas inlet fairing is 8, the oil collector is 9, the plug is 10, the oil cavity is 10, the oil pipe is 11, the two-way joint is 14, the oil outlet pipe is 15, the middle gas inlet box is 16, the rear gas inlet box is 17, the mounting groove is 20, the swirler is 21, the nozzle is 22, the ignition electric nozzle is 23, the ignition groove is 24, the ignition sleeve is 25, the ignition seat is 26, the annular head is 27, the mounting hole is 28, the outer flame tube is 29, the inner flame tube is 31, the ignition hole is 32, and the head fairing is 33.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly explain the technical features of the present patent, the following detailed description of the present patent is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention, as shown in fig. 1-11, includes an air intake casing, an oil intake assembly, an annular head, a liner, and an ignition assembly; the bottom of the air inlet casing is provided with an air inlet, and the top of the air inlet casing is detachably connected with the annular head 27;
the flame tube comprises an inner flame tube 31 and an outer flame tube 29 made of transparent materials, the inner flame tube 31 and the outer flame tube 29 are detachably connected to the top surface of the annular head 27, the inner flame tube 31 is positioned in the outer flame tube 29, and a space is reserved between the inner flame tube 31 and the outer flame tube 29;
the annular head part 27 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 28 between an inner flame tube 31 and an outer flame tube 29, and the mounting holes 28 are detachably provided with cyclones 21; so that the axial installation position of the swirler 21 can be adjusted to some extent while the swirler 21 is installed and fixed by means of the installation hole 28;
a nozzle 22 is arranged in the cyclone 21; the oil inlet assembly is arranged in the air inlet casing and is used for supplying oil to the plurality of nozzles 22;
the ignition component is fixedly connected to the flame tube and comprises an ignition electric nozzle 23 penetrating through the outer flame tube 29. Therefore, on one hand, through the ingenious design of the annular head 27, when different numbers of cyclones are required to be replaced, the annular head 27 can be conveniently detached for replacement according to research needs, and the use convenience and the actual use effect are greatly improved; on the other hand, the outer flame tube 29 made of transparent material enables operators to conveniently observe in a full view field, and facilitates the operators to shoot flame structures by various optical means.
The transparent material is quartz glass. Therefore, advanced optical diagnosis equipment can be utilized to develop the flow field characteristics of the full-ring combustion chamber and the dynamic characteristic research of the formation, development and stability of fire nuclei and the flame propagation among multiple heads during ignition.
The top surface of the annular head 27 is provided with two annular mounting grooves 20, the two mounting grooves 20 are coaxial, one of the mounting grooves is positioned at the inner side of the other mounting groove, and the bottom ends of the inner flame tube 31 and the outer flame tube 29 are respectively inserted into the two mounting grooves 20. Thereby achieving the positioning of the inner liner 31 and the outer liner 29 on the top surface of the annular head.
The inner wall of the inner flame tube 31 is fixedly connected with a flange seven 30, and the flange seven 30 is detachably connected with the annular head 27.
The air inlet casing is internally provided with an air inlet fairing 6 and a head fairing 33, the air inlet fairing 6 is arranged at the lower part of the air inlet casing, the outer wall of the air inlet fairing 6 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air inlet casing, and a plurality of small fairing holes are uniformly formed in the air inlet fairing 6;
the head fairing 33 is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the annular head through an eight flange 34, the head fairing 33 is cylindrical and coaxial with the air inlet casing, the bottom end of the head fairing 33 is hemispherical, and the mounting holes 28 are formed between the head fairing 33 and the inner wall of the air inlet casing. The air sent by the air inlet is firstly rectified when passing through the air inlet fairing 6 and secondly rectified under the action of the head fairing 33 before entering the swirler in the mounting hole; thereby finally ensuring the uniform effect of air intake and leading the combustion to be more stable and reliable.
The air inlet casing comprises an air inlet casing 5, a middle air inlet casing 16 and an air outlet casing 17 which are fixedly connected in sequence, and the air inlet casing is divided into three parts, so that the air inlet casing has enough length on the whole to ensure the uniformity of air inlet; the annular head 27 is detachably connected with the rear air inlet box 17, the bottom of the front air inlet box 5 is conical, a main air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the front air inlet box, a branch air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main air inlet pipe, and the pipe orifice of one side, far away from the main air inlet pipe, of the branch air inlet pipe is an air inlet. The branch air inlet pipes are provided with a pair of branch air inlet pipes, and pipe orifices on one side of the pair of branch air inlet pipes, which are far away from the main air inlet pipe, are respectively an air inlet I3 and an air inlet II 4;
the top of the front air inlet casing 5 is provided with a second flange 7, the bottom of the middle air inlet casing 16 is provided with a third flange 12, the top of the middle air inlet casing 16 is provided with a fourth flange 13, the bottom of the rear air inlet casing 17 is provided with a fifth flange 18, and the top of the rear air inlet casing 17 is provided with a sixth flange 19; the second flange 7 is connected to the third flange 12, the fourth flange 13 is connected to the fifth flange 18, and the sixth flange 19 is connected to the annular head 27.
The bottom end of the main air inlet pipe is fixedly connected with an oil collector 8 used for collecting fuel oil in a test, and the bottom of the oil collector 8 is provided with a plug 9 detachably connected with the oil collector. Thus, when the fuel supply is opened and the ignition fails, the fuel from the nozzle 22 falls downward and can directly fall into the oil collector 8 for collection, and the oil collector 8 is provided with the plug 9, so that when the fuel is collected to a certain degree, an operator can open the plug 9 to discharge the fuel outwards.
The lower part of the air inlet casing is also provided with a supporting bracket 1, the supporting bracket 1 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the air inlet casing through a first flange 2, and the first flange 2 is detachably connected with a second flange 7. So that the entire annular combustion chamber is supported and fixed by the support bracket 1.
The oil inlet subassembly is including advancing oil pipe 11, oil pocket 10 and a plurality of oil pipe 15, the one end that advances oil pipe 11 stretches out outside the machine casket that admits air, advance oil pipe 11 other end and be in the machine casket that admits air, and with oil pocket 10 fixed link to each other, oil pocket 10 with advance oil pipe 11 and be linked together and a plurality of oil pipes of fixedly connected with on the oil pocket 10, nozzle 22, oil pipe 15 and oil pipe three one-to-one, the bottom that goes out oil pipe 15 is connected with the one end of an oil pipe keeping away from the oil pocket through two-way joint 14, and the top that goes out oil pipe 15 with nozzle 22 detachable is connected. Thus, the oil supplied from the oil inlet pipe 11 passes through the oil chamber 10, the branch oil pipes, and the oil outlet pipes 15, and then is supplied to the nozzles 22.
The ignition assembly comprises an ignition seat 26, an ignition sleeve 25 and an ignition electric nozzle 23, and an ignition hole 32 for accommodating the ignition electric nozzle 23 is formed in the side wall of the outer flame tube 29;
the ignition seat 26 is detachably connected to the ignition groove 24 on the top surface of the annular head 27 and is located outside the outer flame tube 29, the ignition sleeve 25 is fixedly connected to the ignition seat 26, the ignition electric nozzle 23 is fixedly connected to the inside of the ignition sleeve 25, and one end of the ignition electric nozzle penetrates through the ignition hole 32. Thus, the ignition torch contacts with the fuel between the inner flame tube 31 and the outer flame tube 29 after being electrified, and the ignition torch is electrified and ignited. In addition, due to the presence of the ignition seat 26, the radial position of the outer flame tube 29 can be fixed.
While the invention has been described in terms of its preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A visual full-ring model combustion chamber with a replaceable head structure is characterized by comprising an air inlet casing, an oil inlet assembly, an annular head, a flame tube and an ignition assembly; the bottom of the air inlet casing is provided with an air inlet, and the top of the air inlet casing is detachably connected with the annular head (27);
the flame tube comprises an inner flame tube (31) and an outer flame tube (29) made of transparent materials, the inner flame tube (31) and the outer flame tube (29) are detachably connected to the top surface of the annular head (27), the inner flame tube (31) is positioned in the outer flame tube (29), and a space is reserved between the inner flame tube and the outer flame tube;
a plurality of mounting holes (28) between the inner flame tube (31) and the outer flame tube (29) are formed in the annular head (27), and a swirler (21) is detachably arranged in each mounting hole (28);
a nozzle (22) is arranged in the cyclone (21); the oil inlet assembly is arranged in the air inlet casing and is used for supplying oil to the plurality of nozzles (22);
the ignition assembly is fixedly connected to the flame tube and comprises an ignition electric nozzle (23) penetrating through the outer flame tube (29).
2. The visual full-ring model combustor with replaceable head part structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transparent material is quartz glass.
3. The visual full-ring model combustor with the replaceable head part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top surface of the annular head part (27) is provided with two annular mounting grooves (20), the two mounting grooves (20) are coaxial, one of the mounting grooves is located inside the other mounting groove, and the bottom ends of the inner flame tube (31) and the outer flame tube (29) are respectively inserted into the two mounting grooves (20).
4. The visual full-ring model combustion chamber with the detachable head structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein an air inlet fairing (6) and a head fairing (33) are arranged in the air inlet casing, the air inlet fairing (6) is arranged at the lower part of the air inlet casing, the outer wall of the air inlet fairing (6) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the air inlet casing, and a plurality of small fairing holes are uniformly formed in the air inlet fairing (6);
the head fairing (33) is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the annular head, the head fairing (33) is cylindrical and coaxial with the air inlet casing, the bottom end of the head fairing (33) is hemispherical, and the mounting holes (28) are located between the head fairing (33) and the inner wall of the air inlet casing.
5. The visual full-ring model combustion chamber with the detachable head structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air inlet casing comprises a front air inlet casing (5), a middle air inlet casing (16) and a rear air inlet casing (17) which are fixedly connected in sequence, the annular head (27) is detachably connected with the rear air inlet casing (17), the bottom of the front air inlet casing (5) is conical, a main air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the front air inlet casing, a branch air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main air inlet pipe, and the pipe orifice of the branch air inlet pipe on the side far away from the main air inlet pipe is an air inlet.
6. The visual full-ring model combustion chamber with the replaceable head part as claimed in claim 5, wherein an oil collector (8) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main air inlet pipe, and a plug (9) detachably connected to the oil collector (8) is arranged at the bottom of the oil collector (8).
7. The visual full-ring model combustion chamber with replaceable head structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower part of the air inlet casing is further provided with a support bracket (1), and the support bracket (1) is detachably connected to the outer wall of the air inlet casing.
8. The visual full-ring model combustion chamber with the replaceable head part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oil inlet assembly comprises an oil inlet pipe (11), an oil chamber (10) and a plurality of oil outlet pipes (15), one end of the oil inlet pipe (11) extends out of the air inlet casing, the other end of the oil inlet pipe (11) is located inside the air inlet casing and fixedly connected with the oil chamber (10), the oil chamber (10) is communicated with the oil inlet pipe (11), the oil chamber (10) is fixedly connected with a plurality of branch oil pipes, the nozzles (22), the oil outlet pipes (15) and the branch oil pipes are in one-to-one correspondence, the bottom end of the oil outlet pipe (15) is connected with one end of the branch oil pipe far away from the oil chamber, and the top end of the oil outlet pipe (15) is detachably connected with the nozzles (22).
9. The visual full-ring model combustion chamber with the replaceable head part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ignition assembly comprises an ignition seat (26), an ignition sleeve (25) and an ignition electric nozzle (23), and the side wall of the outer flame tube (29) is provided with an ignition hole (32) for accommodating the ignition electric nozzle (23);
the ignition base (26) is detachably connected to the top surface of the annular head (27) and located on the outer side of the outer flame tube (29), the ignition sleeve (25) is fixedly connected to the ignition base (26), the ignition electric nozzle (23) is fixedly connected to the inside of the ignition sleeve (25), and one end of the ignition electric nozzle penetrates through the ignition hole (32).
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| CN114608834A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-06-10 | 上海交通大学 | Model device applied to aero-engine spray combustion research |
| CN114822208A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-29 | 西北工业大学 | Annular combustion chamber model with integrated head structure and assembly method |
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