CN115791732A - Transformer oil fluorescent signal multi-element correction acquisition analysis device and method - Google Patents
Transformer oil fluorescent signal multi-element correction acquisition analysis device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A transformer oil fluorescence signal multivariate correction acquisition analysis device and a method belong to the technical field of transformer fault diagnosis and solve the problems of large volume and weight, high cost and inconvenient use when the existing fluorescence spectrometer acquires and analyzes the fluorescence spectrum signal generated by the transformer oil; rotating the positive multi-element correction optical filter or the negative multi-element correction optical filter to a position, enabling the center lines of the optical fiber head, the positive multi-element correction optical filter or the negative multi-element correction optical filter and the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector to be on a straight line, and enabling the fluorescence emitted by the transformer oil to sequentially pass through the optical fiber interface, the optical fiber head, the positive multi-element correction optical filter or the negative multi-element correction optical filter and the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector; the multivariate correction filter set is used for collecting and analyzing the fluorescent signals emitted by the transformer oil, and replaces an emission monochrometer component of a fluorescence spectrometer, so that the equipment cost is reduced, the equipment volume is reduced, the data processing is rapid, and the cost performance of transformer oil fault detection is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of transformer fault diagnosis, and relates to a transformer oil fluorescent signal multi-element correction acquisition analysis device and method.
Background
The transformers are used as the core of energy conversion in the process of electric energy production and distribution, the quantity is large, the influence is wide, the running state of the transformers directly influences the safe and reliable running of an electric power system, once the transformers have accidents, not only expensive (the price of a single transformer is as high as 5000 ten thousand yuan), but also large-area power failure can be caused, even casualties and environmental pollution are caused, and economic and social losses are huge, so that the monitoring on the running state of the transformers becomes particularly important.
The transformer oil is an insulating oil product which is used in oil-filled electrical equipment such as transformers, reactors, mutual inductors, sleeves, oil switches and the like and has the functions of insulation, cooling and arc extinction. Transformer oil is a fractionated product of petroleum and its main components are alkanes, naphthenic saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic unsaturated hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon compounds. The transformer oil can emit fluorescence under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays or X rays. Fluorescence refers to a cold luminescence phenomenon of photoluminescence. When a certain normal temperature substance is irradiated by incident light (generally ultraviolet rays or X rays) with a certain wavelength, the substance enters an excited state after absorbing light energy, and immediately excites and emits emergent light (generally the wavelength is in a visible light band) which is longer than the wavelength of the incident light; further, when the incident light is stopped, the light emission phenomenon disappears immediately, and the emitted light having such a property is called fluorescence.
The transformer running state fluorescence detection technology (FMS) analyzes the change of an optical signal of transformer oil through a fluorescence detection device, so that the purpose of monitoring the transformer is achieved; for example, in the patent document "a transformer oil fluorescence online detection device" of chinese invention with publication number CN113109682a, publication number: 2021/07/13/2021, the disclosed transformer oil fluorescence online detection device has the characteristics of high sensitivity, short analysis time, no interference from magnetic field and electric field of surrounding environment, good stability and reproducibility, and the like, and can meet the requirement of online fault detection in the operating state of the transformer.
In the prior art, a fluorescence spectrometer is directly adopted to collect and analyze fluorescence spectrum signals generated by transformer oil, the fluorescence spectrometer collects the fluorescence spectrum signals by adopting an emission monochromator and a detector, and then the collected signals are analyzed and processed by a background software algorithm; however, the fluorescence spectrometer has the disadvantages of complex structure, large volume and heavy weight, limited field operation space, inconvenience for carrying equipment with large volume and heavy weight, and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to design a multivariate correction acquisition and analysis device and method for a fluorescent signal of transformer oil so as to solve the problems of large volume and weight, high manufacturing cost and inconvenient use when a fluorescence spectrometer is adopted to acquire and analyze a fluorescent spectrum signal generated by the transformer oil in the prior art.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a transformer oil fluorescent signal multivariate calibration acquisition and analysis device comprises: a fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), a fluorescence detector (141), a filter wheel (142), a multi-element correction filter set (143), a fiber head (145) and a fiber interface (146); the fluorescence detector (141) and the filter wheel (142) are both arranged in the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140); the multi-element correction filter set (143) is formed by combining a pair of positive multi-element correction filters and negative multi-element correction filters which are matched with each other, the multi-element correction filter set (143) is installed on a filter wheel (142), and the filter wheel (142) is rotatably arranged between the fluorescence detector (141) and the optical fiber head (145); the optical fiber head (145) is arranged on the side wall inside the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), the optical fiber interface (146) is arranged on the side wall outside the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), and the optical fiber head (145) is connected with the optical fiber interface (146) in a matching way; the fluorescence detector (141) is used for receiving a fluorescence signal emitted by the transformer oil and recording a total fluorescence intensity value, and the multivariate correction filter set (143) is used for collecting and analyzing the fluorescence signal emitted by the transformer oil; when the device is used, the positive multi-element correction filter or the negative multi-element correction filter is rotated to the position, so that the center lines of the optical fiber head (145), the positive multi-element correction filter or the negative multi-element correction filter and the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector (141) are on the same straight line, and the fluorescence emitted by the transformer oil sequentially passes through the optical fiber interface (146), the optical fiber head (145), the positive multi-element correction filter or the negative multi-element correction filter and the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector (141);
the design method of the multivariate correction filter set (143) comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating a mapping relation between a fluorescent spectrum of the transformer oil and the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound by adopting a multiple regression correction method to obtain a multiple regression correction coefficient;
s2, converting the multiple regression correction coefficient in the step S1 into hardware, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, taking the positive coefficient and the negative coefficient after the multivariate regression correction coefficient vector is normalized as the transmittance of the optical filter;
s22, designing film system structures of the positive multi-element correction filter and the negative multi-element correction filter according to the transmittance.
The invention adopts the multivariate correction filter set to collect and analyze the fluorescent signal emitted by the transformer oil, replaces the emission monochrometer component of a fluorescence spectrometer, not only reduces the equipment cost and the equipment volume, but also has rapid data processing and improves the cost performance of the transformer oil fault detection.
Further, the mapping relationship in step S1 is specifically as follows:
the fluorescence spectrum of the transformer oil is directly related to the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound, and a calculation formula for calculating the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound by adopting multiple linear regression is as follows:
c＝a 1 s 1 +a 2 s 2 +…+a n s n +b
wherein c is the aromatic hydrocarbon concentration, a 1 ～a n Obtaining multiple regression correction coefficients, s, for fluorescence spectra for 1-n bands 1 ～s n The fluorescence spectrum of 1-nth wave band, b is bias coefficient;
the vector form of the multiple linear regression correction calculation formula for the aromatic compound concentration is:
c＝·a+b
wherein, a = (a) 1 ，a 2 …a n ) A is regression correctionA positive coefficient vector; s =(s) 1 ，s 2 …s n ) T And s is the fluorescence spectrum vector.
Further, the transmittance calculation process described in step S21 is as follows:
defining half coefficients
And
and
are respectively a i The positive and negative parts of (a):
find the maximum of half coefficients:
thus, the transmittances of the positive and negative filters were respectively:
t i + ＝a i + /m；t i - ＝a i - /m
wherein i =1,2 … n, n is a natural number, a i Is the i-th element of the regression correction coefficient vector a.
Further, the process of designing the film system structure in step S22 is as follows: dividing the transmittance vector t into two parts according to positive and negative values to form a positive value vector A and a negative value vector B, and taking the absolute value of the negative value vector B to obtain a vector B2 for optimally designing a positive optical filter and a negative optical filter respectively by taking the vector A and the vector B2 as targets; firstly, respectively selecting an initial film system structure of the optical filter, then changing the thickness of each film layer, judging whether the similarity of the transmittance of the optical filter and the vector A and the similarity of the transmittance of the optical filter and the vector B2 reach a threshold value, and if so, finishing the design of the positive optical filter and the negative optical filter; if not, judging whether the iteration reaches the preset times, if not, continuing to change the thickness of each film layer; and if the iteration reaches the preset times, increasing the number of the film series layers and then reselecting the initial film series structure of the optical filter.
Further, the transformer oil fluorescent signal multi-element correction acquisition analysis device further comprises: the fluorescent detector mounting bracket (147) is arranged on an internal bottom plate of the fluorescent signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), and the fluorescent detector (141) is fixedly arranged on the fluorescent detector mounting bracket (147); the fluorescent detector mounting bracket (147) is provided with a through hole matched with the receiving lens of the fluorescent detector (141), and the receiving lens of the fluorescent detector (141) is aligned with the through hole.
Further, the transformer oil fluorescent signal multivariate calibration acquisition and analysis device further comprises: a filter wheel drive motor (144) and a filter wheel drive motor mounting bracket (148); the optical filter wheel driving motor (144) is fixedly arranged on the optical filter wheel driving motor mounting bracket (148), the optical filter wheel driving motor mounting bracket (148) is arranged on an inner bottom plate of the fluorescent signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), the optical filter wheel (142) is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the optical filter wheel driving motor (144), and the optical filter wheel driving motor (144) drives the optical filter wheel (142) to rotate.
Further, the inner wall of the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140) is coated with light absorption paint.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention adopts the multivariate calibration filter set to collect and analyze the fluorescent signal emitted by the transformer oil, replaces the emission monochromator component of a fluorescence spectrometer, not only reduces the equipment cost and the equipment volume, but also has rapid data processing and improves the cost performance of the fault detection of the transformer oil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a multivariate calibration acquisition and analysis device for fluorescent signals of transformer oil according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a multivariate calibration acquisition and analysis device for fluorescent signals of transformer oil according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of a multivariate calibration acquisition and analysis device for fluorescent signals of transformer oil according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of a multivariate calibration acquisition and analysis device for a fluorescent signal of transformer oil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a right side view of a multivariate calibration acquisition and analysis device for fluorescent signals of transformer oil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a multivariate calibration acquisition and analysis device for fluorescent signals of transformer oil according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a filter wheel according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a transmittance calculation principle of a multivariate calibration filter according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart illustrating the design of a film structure of a multivariate calibration filter according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by combining the drawings and the specific embodiments in the specification:
example one
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the transformer oil fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis device of the present embodiment includes: the fluorescent signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), the fluorescent detector (141), the filter wheel (142), the multi-element correction filter set (143), the filter wheel driving motor (144), the optical fiber head (145), the optical fiber interface (146), the fluorescent detector mounting bracket (147) and the filter wheel driving motor mounting bracket (148).
The fluorescence detector (141) is fixedly arranged on a fluorescence detector mounting bracket (147), the fluorescence detector mounting bracket (147) is arranged on a bottom plate in the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), a through hole matched with a receiving lens of the fluorescence detector (141) is formed in the fluorescence detector mounting bracket (147), and the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector (141) is aligned with the through hole; the inner wall of the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140) is coated with light absorption coating, so that external interference ambient light is prevented from entering, and influence of multiple internal reflected lights is eliminated.
The optical filter wheel driving motor (144) is fixedly installed on the optical filter wheel driving motor installing support (148), the optical filter wheel driving motor installing support (148) is arranged on a bottom plate inside the fluorescent signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), the optical filter wheel (142) is arranged between the fluorescent detector (141) and the optical filter wheel driving motor (144), the optical filter wheel (142) is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the optical filter wheel driving motor (144), and the optical filter wheel driving motor (144) drives the optical filter wheel (142) to rotate.
The optical fiber head (145) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the right end inside the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), the optical fiber interface (146) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the right end outside the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), and the optical fiber head (145) is connected with the optical fiber interface (146) in a matched mode.
As shown in fig. 7, the filter wheel (142) is disk-shaped, and a plurality of multivariate calibration filter sets (143) with different wavelengths are mounted on the edge of the filter wheel (142). The center lines of the optical fiber head (145), the multi-element correction filter set (143), the through hole formed in the fluorescent detector mounting bracket (147) and the receiving lens of the fluorescent detector (141) are on the same straight line.
The working flow of the device is as follows:
the optical filter wheel driving motor (144) drives the optical filter wheel (142) to rotate, the multi-element correction optical filter group (143) with the corresponding wavelength is switched to be aligned with the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector (141), and the fluorescence emitted by the transformer oil sequentially passes through the optical fiber interface (146), the optical fiber head (145), the multi-element correction optical filter group (143), the through hole formed in the fluorescence detector mounting bracket (147) and the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector (141); the multivariate calibration filter set (143) is used for collecting, analyzing and processing the fluorescence emitted by the transformer oil; the fluorescence detector (141) adopts a photomultiplier and is used for receiving fluorescence emitted by the transformer oil and recording the total fluorescence intensity value.
The design method of the multivariate calibration filter set (143) is as follows:
the design principle of the multivariate calibration filter is to realize the hardware of the multivariate calibration coefficient vector for calculating the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound by designing a positive part calibration filter and a negative part calibration filter.
The fluorescence spectrum of the transformer oil is directly related to the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound, and a calculation formula for calculating the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound by adopting multiple linear regression is as follows:
c＝a 1 s 1 +a 2 s 2 +…+a n s n +b
wherein c is the aromatic hydrocarbon concentration, a 1 ～a n Obtaining a regression correction coefficient, s, of the fluorescence spectrum for the 1 st to nth wavebands 1 ～s n The fluorescence spectrum of 1-nth wave band, b is bias coefficient;
the vector form of the multiple linear regression correction calculation formula for the aromatic compound concentration is:
c＝s·a+b
wherein, a = (a) 1 ，a 2 …a n ) A is a regression correction coefficient vector; s =(s) 1 ，s 2 …s n ) T And s is the fluorescence spectrum vector.
As shown in fig. 8, the positive and negative parts of the regression correction coefficient vector a are made into two correction filters, i.e., the positive and negative coefficients normalized by the regression correction coefficient vector a are used as the transmittance of the filter.
Defining half coefficients
And
and
are respectively a i The positive and negative parts of (a):
find the maximum of half coefficients:
thus, the transmittances of the positive and negative filters were respectively:
t i + ＝a i + /m；t i - ＝a i - /m
assuming that the fluorescence spectrum of the current detection target is s i Then the energy received by the detector is expressed as:
P + ＝s i ·t + ；P - ＝s i ·t -
measure P separately + And P - The final aromatic concentration c is calculated as follows:
c＝c + -c - +b＝(P + -P - )m+b
wherein, c + ＝(P + )m；c - ＝(P - ) m; i =1,2 … n, n is a natural number, a i Is the i-th element, t, of the regression correction coefficient vector a i + Is a vector t + The ith element of (1), t i - Is a vector t - The ith element of (1).
As shown in fig. 9, the process of designing the film system structure is as follows: dividing the transmittance vector t into two parts according to positive and negative values to form a positive value vector A and a negative value vector B, and taking the absolute value of the negative value vector B to obtain a vector B2 for optimally designing a positive optical filter and a negative optical filter respectively by taking the vector A and the vector B2 as targets; firstly, respectively selecting an initial film system structure of the optical filter, then changing the thickness of each film layer, judging whether the similarity of the transmittance of the optical filter and the vector A and the similarity of the transmittance of the optical filter and the vector B2 reach a threshold value, and if so, finishing the design of the positive optical filter and the negative optical filter; if not, judging whether the iteration reaches the preset times, if not, continuing to change the thickness of each film layer; and if the iteration reaches the preset times, increasing the number of the film series layers and then reselecting the initial film series structure of the optical filter.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a transformer oil fluorescence signal pluralism is rectified and is gathered analytical equipment which characterized in that includes: a fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), a fluorescence detector (141), a filter wheel (142), a multi-element correction filter set (143), a fiber head (145) and a fiber interface (146); the fluorescence detector (141) and the filter wheel (142) are both arranged in the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140); the multi-element correction filter set (143) is formed by combining a pair of positive multi-element correction filters and negative multi-element correction filters which are matched with each other, the multi-element correction filter set (143) is installed on a filter wheel (142), and the filter wheel (142) is rotatably arranged between the fluorescence detector (141) and the optical fiber head (145); the optical fiber head (145) is arranged on the side wall inside the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), the optical fiber interface (146) is arranged on the side wall outside the fluorescence signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), and the optical fiber head (145) is connected with the optical fiber interface (146) in a matching way; the fluorescence detector (141) is used for receiving a fluorescence signal emitted by the transformer oil and recording a total fluorescence intensity value, and the multivariate correction filter set (143) is used for collecting and analyzing the fluorescence signal emitted by the transformer oil; when the device is used, the positive multi-element correction filter or the negative multi-element correction filter is rotated to the position, so that the center lines of the optical fiber head (145), the positive multi-element correction filter or the negative multi-element correction filter and the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector (141) are on the same straight line, and the fluorescence emitted by the transformer oil sequentially passes through the optical fiber interface (146), the optical fiber head (145), the positive multi-element correction filter or the negative multi-element correction filter and the receiving lens of the fluorescence detector (141);
the design method of the multivariate calibration filter set (143) comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating a mapping relation between a fluorescent spectrum of the transformer oil and the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound by adopting a multiple regression correction method to obtain a multiple regression correction coefficient;
s2, hardwiring the multiple regression correction coefficient in the step S1, specifically as follows:
s21, taking the positive and negative coefficients after the multivariate regression correction coefficient vector is standardized as the transmittance of the optical filter;
s22, designing film system structures of the positive multi-element correction filter and the negative multi-element correction filter according to the transmittance.
2. The multivariate calibration acquisition and analysis device for the fluorescent signals of the transformer oil as set forth in claim 1, wherein the mapping relationship in step S1 is specifically as follows:
the fluorescence spectrum of the transformer oil is directly related to the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound, and a calculation formula for calculating the concentration of the aromatic hydrocarbon compound by adopting multiple linear regression is as follows:
c＝a 1 s 1 +a 2 s 2 +…+a n s n +b
wherein c is the aromatic hydrocarbon concentration, a 1 ～a n Obtaining multiple fluorescence spectra for 1 st to n th wavebandsCoefficient of elementary regression correction, s 1 ～s n The fluorescence spectrum of 1-nth wave band, b is bias coefficient;
the vector form of the multiple linear regression correction calculation formula for the aromatic compound concentration is:
c＝s·a+b
wherein, a = (a) 1 ，a 2 …a n ) A is a regression correction coefficient vector; s =(s) 1 ，s 2 …s n ) T And s is the fluorescence spectrum vector.
3. The multivariate calibration, acquisition and analysis device for the fluorescent signals of transformer oil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the transmittance in step S21 is calculated as follows:
defining half coefficients
And
and
are respectively a i The positive and negative parts of (a):
find the maximum of half coefficients:
thus, the transmittances of the positive and negative filters were respectively:
t i + ＝a i + /m；t i - ＝a i - /m
wherein i =1,2 … n, n is a natural number, a i Is the i-th element, t, of the regression correction coefficient vector a i Is the i-th element of the transmittance vector t.
4. The multivariate calibration, acquisition and analysis device for the fluorescent signals of transformer oil as claimed in claim 3, wherein the process of the membrane system structure design in step S22 is as follows: dividing the transmittance vector t into two parts according to positive and negative values to form a positive value vector A and a negative value vector B, and taking the absolute value of the negative value vector B to obtain a vector B2 for optimally designing a positive optical filter and a negative optical filter respectively by taking the vector A and the vector B2 as targets; firstly, respectively selecting an initial film system structure of the optical filter, then changing the thickness of each film layer, judging whether the similarity of the transmittance of the optical filter and the vector A and the similarity of the transmittance of the optical filter and the vector B2 reach a threshold value, and if so, finishing the design of the positive optical filter and the negative optical filter; if not, judging whether the iteration reaches the preset times, and if not, continuously changing the thickness of each film layer; and if the iteration reaches the preset times, increasing the number of the film series layers and then reselecting the initial film series structure of the optical filter.
5. The multivariate calibration collection and analysis device for the fluorescent signals of transformer oil as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the fluorescent detector mounting bracket (147) is arranged on an internal bottom plate of the fluorescent signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), and the fluorescent detector (141) is fixedly arranged on the fluorescent detector mounting bracket (147); the fluorescent detector mounting bracket (147) is provided with a through hole matched with the receiving lens of the fluorescent detector (141), and the receiving lens of the fluorescent detector (141) is aligned with the through hole.
6. The multivariate calibration collection and analysis device for the fluorescent signals of transformer oil as recited in claim 5, further comprising: a filter wheel drive motor (144) and a filter wheel drive motor mounting bracket (148); the optical filter wheel driving motor (144) is fixedly arranged on the optical filter wheel driving motor mounting bracket (148), the optical filter wheel driving motor mounting bracket (148) is arranged on an inner bottom plate of the fluorescent signal acquisition and analysis darkroom (140), the optical filter wheel (142) is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the optical filter wheel driving motor (144), and the optical filter wheel driving motor (144) drives the optical filter wheel (142) to rotate.
7. The multivariate calibration collection and analysis device for fluorescent signals of transformer oil as claimed in claim 6, wherein the inner wall of the darkroom (140) for collecting and analyzing fluorescent signals is coated with a light absorbing coating.
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| WO2024119933A1 (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2024-06-13 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Fault diagnosis apparatus and method based on transformer oil fluorescence multivariate calibration analysis |
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| WO2024119933A1 (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2024-06-13 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Fault diagnosis apparatus and method based on transformer oil fluorescence multivariate calibration analysis |
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