CN115790816A - Design method of large-dynamic-range measuring hydrophone - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method of a large-dynamic-range measuring hydrophone, which comprises a sensitive element and a preamplifier module, wherein the rear end of the sensitive element is connected with the preamplifier module, the preamplifier module comprises two output channels, one of the two output channels is a straight channel, the other channel comprises the preamplifier, the preamplifier module also comprises a circuit switching element, the circuit switching element controls two channels of switches, and the selection of the two output channels is realized by switching on and off the circuit switching element, so that the adjustment of the dynamic range of the hydrophone is realized. The invention gives consideration to the high measurement upper limit capability of the low-sensitivity hydrophone and the low measurement lower limit capability of the high-sensitivity hydrophone, so that the same hydrophone can have a larger dynamic range, and a simple and convenient method is provided for the underwater acoustic measurement test.

Description

A Design Method of Large Dynamic Range Measuring Hydrophone

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrophone design, and in particular relates to a method for designing a large dynamic range measuring hydrophone.

Background technique:

Hydrophones are transducers used to receive acoustic signals in water and convert them into electrical signals. They are widely used in underwater communication, detection, identification, and marine environment monitoring. In terms of hydroacoustic measurement and testing, hydrophones are usually used as standard hydrophones. For weak target signals or marine environmental noise detection, high-sensitivity hydrophones are usually used, such as fiber optic hydrophones or with preamplifier gain For hydrophones, the front-end is usually fixed gain, or the back-end is used with an amplifier, but it cannot solve the low-noise signal test, that is, to meet a certain signal-to-noise ratio. Conversely, for high-level signal testing, low-sensitivity hydrophones are used. At present, performance tests such as marine piling underwater noise, underwater explosion sound sources, and combined transceiver and sonar equipment often need to cover high and low signal test requirements at the same time in one test, and the use of multiple hydrophone tests will increase the number of tests. However, when testing at sea, factors such as tides, wind waves and currents will make the test more hindered. Therefore, it is urgent to design a measuring hydrophone with adjustable dynamic range and strong anti-interference ability to meet the test requirements.

Invention content:

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a large dynamic range measurement hydrophone design method, which takes into account the high measurement upper limit capability of the low sensitivity hydrophone and the low measurement lower limit capability of the high sensitivity hydrophone, so that the same hydrophone The hearing instrument can have a larger dynamic range and provide a simple method for hydroacoustic measurement testing.

The technical solution of the present invention is to provide a large dynamic range measurement hydrophone design method, including sensitive elements, preamplifier modules,

The rear end of the sensitive element is connected to the preamplifier module, and the preamplifier module contains two output paths, one of which is a straight-through path, and the other path includes a preamplifier, and the preamplifier module also contains A circuit switching element, the circuit switching element controls two switches, and the selection of two output paths is realized by turning on and off the circuit switching element, thereby realizing the adjustment of the dynamic range of the hydrophone.

Preferably, the circuit switching element is arranged in parallel with the preamplifier, and is powered by the same external power supply.

Preferably, the circuit switching element is a relay or an electronic switch, and the circuit switching element controls two groups of switches.

Preferably, the circuit switching element is connected to the direct output path when it is not energized, and is connected to the output path with a preamplifier after it is energized. A straight output path is a line formed by a single wire, while an output path with a preamp is a line with an amplifier connected to the lead wire.

Preferably, the hydrophone is powered by the external power supply to control the on-off of the preamplifier module.

Further, the preamplifier and the circuit switching element are separately arranged on different circuit boards, or integrated on the same circuit board. That is to say, the two devices can be separately arranged on different circuit boards, or combined into one circuit board.

Compared with the prior art after adopting the above scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:

Aiming at the measurement test problem of large dynamic range signals, the present invention provides a large dynamic range measurement hydrophone design method, through the on-off control of the external power supply, the adjustment of the sensitivity of the hydrophone is realized, and the low-sensitivity hydrophone The combination of the high measurement upper limit capability of the high-sensitivity hydrophone and the low measurement lower limit capability of the high-sensitivity hydrophone can meet the measurement and testing requirements of underwater acoustic signals of different magnitudes. Under the requirement of ensuring the test accuracy, it has the advantages of low cost and simple on-site implementation. The hydrophone with this design is suitable for measuring work such as underwater explosion sound source, ocean piling underwater noise, etc. in laboratories or lakes and seas.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the design structure of a large dynamic range measuring hydrophone of the present invention.

Detailed ways:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described with regard to specific embodiment:

As shown in Figure 1, in order to improve the dynamic range of the hydrophone and meet the measurement and test requirements for underwater acoustic signals of different magnitudes, a design method for a large dynamic range measurement hydrophone is provided, including sensitive components 1, preamplifier module ,in,

The rear end of the sensitive element 1 is connected to the preamplifier module. The preamplifier module contains two output paths, one of which is a straight-through path, and the other path contains the preamplifier 3. The preamplifier module also contains a circuit switching element 2. The circuit The switching element 2 controls two switches, and the selection of two output paths is realized by turning on and off the circuit switching element, thereby realizing the adjustment of the dynamic range of the hydrophone.

That is to say, the preamplifier module is provided with two output paths, one path is a straight-through wire, and the other path contains a preamplifier. When the circuit switching element 2 is not energized, the output end of the sensitive element 1 is connected to the wire of the direct output path and then output directly. After the power is turned on, the output end of the sensitive element is in contact with the output path of the preamplifier 3 under the action of the switch to realize amplified output.

Further, the selection of the output channel of the hydrophone is controlled by the circuit switching element 2, and a single circuit switching element 2 controls two switches at the same time. The switch is switched to be in contact with one output path where the preamplifier 3 is located. In this embodiment, the circuit switching element is a relay.

Further, the circuit switching element 2 and the amplifier module are powered by the same external power supply. The preamplifier 3 and the circuit switching element 2 are integrated on the same circuit board.

In addition, when performing a weak signal test, power is supplied to the preamplifier of the hydrophone, and the electrical signal generated by the sensitive element is amplified by the amplifier module and then output. The electrical signal is directly output through the through output channel.

The present invention combines the relay with the preamplifier module of the hydrophone with fixed gain, realizes the adjustment of the sensitivity of the hydrophone by using the on-off of the external power supply, reduces the measurable lower limit of the hydrophone, and further improves the hydrophone sensitivity. The dynamic range of the earphone meets the measurement and test requirements for underwater acoustic signals of different magnitudes. The hydrophone designed with this preamplifier is suitable for carrying out such as underwater explosion sound sources, ocean Measurement of piling underwater noise, high-value signals, etc.

The above is only an illustration of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but should not be construed as a limitation on the claims. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the description of the present invention is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A large dynamic range measurement hydrophone design method is characterized in that: comprising a sensitive element and a preamplifier module, The rear end of the sensitive element is connected to the preamplifier module, and the preamplifier module contains two output paths, one of which is a straight-through path, and the other path includes a preamplifier, and the preamplifier module also contains A circuit switching element, the circuit switching element controls two switches, and by turning on and off the circuit switching element, the selection of two output paths is realized, thereby realizing the adjustment of the dynamic range of the hydrophone. 2. The method for designing a large dynamic range measuring hydrophone according to claim 1, wherein the circuit switching element is arranged in parallel with the preamplifier, and is powered by the same external power supply. 3. The method for designing a large dynamic range measuring hydrophone according to claim 1, wherein the circuit switching element is a relay or an electronic switch, and the circuit switching element controls two sets of switches. 4. The large dynamic range measuring hydrophone design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circuit switching element is connected to a direct output path when it is not energized, and is connected to an output path with a preamplifier after being energized. 5. The method for designing a large dynamic range measuring hydrophone according to claim 2, wherein the hydrophone is powered by the external power supply to control the on-off of the preamplifier module. 6. The method for designing a large dynamic range measuring hydrophone according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preamplifier and the circuit switching element are separately arranged on different circuit boards, or integrated on the same circuit board .

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