CN115790751A - Gas calorific value flowmeter and application method - Google Patents
Gas calorific value flowmeter and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115790751A CN115790751A CN202211167052.9A CN202211167052A CN115790751A CN 115790751 A CN115790751 A CN 115790751A CN 202211167052 A CN202211167052 A CN 202211167052A CN 115790751 A CN115790751 A CN 115790751A
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Abstract
The invention provides a gas heat value flowmeter and an application method thereof, wherein the gas heat value flowmeter comprises a metering base meter, the metering base meter comprises a shell and a heat value integrating instrument, the heat value integrating instrument comprises a volume flow operation function, two ends of the shell are communicated with a pipeline, the shell is provided with a laser sensor, the laser sensor is connected with the heat value integrating instrument, and a flow signal line is connected with the heat value integrating instrument; the laser sensor is used for detecting the concentration of various component components in the combustible gas, simultaneously transmitting the detected component parameters to the heat value integrating instrument, the heat value integrating instrument calculates the heat value of the detected gas according to the detected volume and the concentration of each component, and then calculates and displays the heat value and the flow of the combustible gas through the volume, the concentration and the heat value. The invention integrates the laser sensor and the heat value integrating instrument on the metering base meter, realizes the function of integrated detection of the combustible gas, reduces the volume of equipment, is convenient for installation and disassembly and repair, and saves the cost of maintenance and management.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to detection of combustible gas, belongs to the technical field of gas flowmeters, and particularly relates to a gas calorific value flowmeter and an application method thereof.
Background
With the continuous increase of natural gas consumption scale in China, the dependence of natural gas on the outside is continuously increased, and the sources of natural gas tend to be diversified after natural gas pipe network facilities are independently opened, so that the contradiction disputes caused by the mixed transportation of natural gas from different sources in the same pipe network are increasingly prominent due to the non-uniform metering units.
Among the various trade metering modes, the heat value metering is the most popular natural gas trade settlement mode in the world at present. Most countries internationally settle accounts by adopting a heat value metering mode, and relevant laws and regulations, energy policies and price policies of natural gas heat value metering are set. While natural gas in China is mainly measured by volume, the dependence of natural gas on the outside is gradually improved along with the development of domestic economy, the types of related gas sources of a natural gas pipe network are more and more, the components of different types of natural gas are different, and the heat value of unit volume is greatly different. Therefore, the natural gas metering mode in China is converted from volume metering to heat value metering. Meanwhile, the volume metering mode is not beneficial to the connection of China with international convention in the international trade of natural gas.
Taking Xiqinshui Shaanjing first line and Shaanjing second line as examples, the heat value of the former can reach 8500 kcal, while the heat value of the latter is 7900 kcal, the difference between the two heat values is 600 kcal, and the quality of the fuel gas used by the user is easy to have great difference by using a volume metering mode.
Compared with volume metering, the heat value metering can fully reflect the real value of natural gas as fuel, and can provide more stable products and services for users. Moreover, the adoption of heat value metering is an effective means for reducing the supply and sale difference rate of the natural gas. Along with the continuous increase of gas consumption in China, the difference between the gas intake amount and the gas sales amount is also increased, so that the benefits of consumers are damaged, and the loss of natural gas companies is also caused. And the heat value measurement can realize scientific and fair accurate measurement of the natural gas, and is the key for reducing the supply and sale difference rate of the natural gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flowmeter which integrates the functions of detecting the components and the volume of combustible gas on a set of gas flowmeter and realizes the automatic measurement and detection of the calorific value flow of the combustible gas.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a gas heat value flowmeter comprises a flow base meter and a heat value integrating instrument, wherein the heat value integrating instrument is arranged on a shell and comprises a flow calculating function, two ends of the shell are communicated with pipelines, and a laser sensor is arranged on the shell and connected with a correcting instrument; the laser sensor is used for detecting the concentration of various components in the combustible gas, simultaneously transmitting the detected component parameters to the correcting instrument, calculating the heat value of the detected gas according to the detected volume and the concentration and the heat value of each component by the correcting instrument, and displaying after calculating the heat value by the calculating instrument through the volume, the concentration and the components.
Preferably, laser sensor includes the shell, the top of shell is equipped with gaseous exploration hole, be equipped with laser emitter and laser reflection mirror surface in the shell, laser reflection mirror surface sets up directly over laser emitter and laser reflection mirror surface are parallel to each other.
Preferably, the metering base meter adopts a gas waist wheel flow meter, a turbine flow meter, an ultrasonic flow meter and the like.
Preferably, the laser sensor is installed in a housing of the ultrasonic flowmeter, on the housing or on a pipeline connected with the housing.
Preferably, the laser sensor is mounted in, on or in a conduit connected to a housing of the turbine flow meter.
Preferably, the laser sensor is arranged in a shell of the gas waist wheel flowmeter, on the shell or on a pipeline connected with the shell.
Preferably, a partition plate is arranged in the shell of the metering base meter, and the laser sensor is arranged in the shell of the metering base meter through the partition plate.
Preferably, the formula for calculating the volume-based higher calorific value of the combustible gas is as follows: h s ＝qV；
In the formula:
H s the volume base high-order calorific value of the combustible gas is megajoules per cubic meter (MJ/m) 3 )。
q-laser probes of the laser sensor (4) emit laser with different wavelengths, so that the characteristics of the gas to be detected are enhanced, collected, processed and identified, the obtained content (methane, ethane, propane, butane and the like) of each component and the calorific value of the pure gas of the component are calculated, the calorific value contribution of each component is calculated, and the calorific value contributions are accumulated together to obtain the calorific value of the combustible gas in unit volume;
v is the natural gas volume flow or mass flow under the measurement reference condition, and the unit is cubic meter per hour (m 3/h), and the natural gas volume flow or mass flow is obtained by the volume measurement base table test of the flowmeter.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the energy flow of the combustible gas is as follows: q. q of e ＝VH s
In the formula:
q e -combustible gas energy flow in megajoules per hour (MJ/h)
V-volumetric or mass flow of natural gas in cubic meters per hour (m) under measured reference conditions 3 The flow rate is obtained through volume measurement base table test of the flow meter;
H s the volume base high-level heating value of the combustible gas is expressed in megajoules per cubic meter (MJ/m) 3 )。
The invention also provides an application method of the gas energy flowmeter, which comprises the following steps:
s1: connecting two ends of a shell of the metering base meter with pipelines respectively, and enabling combustible gas to enter the shell in the process of flowing through the pipelines and be merged into a gas detection hole of a laser sensor;
s2: the method comprises the steps that laser probes of a laser sensor, namely laser emitters, emit laser with different wavelengths, so that the characteristics of gas to be detected are enhanced, collected, processed and identified, and the gas components are quantitatively calculated, wherein the wavelength of methane is 1654nm; the method comprises the following specific steps: the combustible gas to be detected enters the shell of the laser sensor from the gas detection hole at the top of the laser sensor, the laser emitter emits a laser light source, the entering gas to be detected is measured through the light sources with different wavelengths, and according to the concentration and the components of the gas, the wavelength of the laser is emitted to the laser reflection mirror surface which is obliquely arranged in different degrees and is reflected to the laser receiver at one side of the laser emitter, so that the component and the concentration data of the combustible gas are calculated and identified;
s3: transmitting the obtained data of the components and the concentration of the combustible gas to a heat value integrating instrument of a metering base table, and calculating the gas integral flow or the mass flow detected by the heat value integrating instrument to obtain a heat value; the heat value integrating instrument calculates the concentration, volume and heat value of the gases to obtain the heat value; and finally, displaying a final data result through a heat value integrating instrument.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can realize the operation of volume and heat value by integrating the laser sensor on the metering base table, strengthen, collect, process and identify the characteristics of the gas to be measured by the laser sensor, calculate the gas components quantitatively (the concentration and the heat value of each component) and transmit the data to the heat value integrating instrument, and calculate the volume by the heat value integrating instrument to obtain the heat; and calculating and displaying the heat value of the combustible gas according to the existing data. Therefore, the integrated detection function is achieved, the corresponding integrated function is achieved on the aspect of reducing the size of the equipment, the installation and the disassembly and the repair are convenient, and the maintenance and management cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a gas roots flowmeter used in a gas calorific value flowmeter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas Roots flowmeter adopted in the gas calorific value flowmeter according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a first structural schematic diagram of a turbine flowmeter adopted in the gas calorific value flowmeter according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram II of a turbine flowmeter adopted in the gas calorific value flowmeter provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram I of an ultrasonic flowmeter adopted in a gas calorific value flowmeter according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic flowmeter employed in a gas calorific value flowmeter according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser sensor in a gas heating value flowmeter according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laser sensor in a gas heating value flowmeter according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a wavelength diagram of methane as the combustible gas to be measured shown in the laser sensor;
FIG. 10 is a wavelength diagram showing butane as a combustible gas to be measured in the laser sensor;
FIG. 11 is a wavelength diagram showing propane as the combustible gas to be measured in the laser sensor;
fig. 12 is a wavelength chart showing that the combustible gas to be measured in the laser sensor is ethane.
The numbers in the figure are as follows:
1. a heat value integrating instrument; 2. a housing; 3. an upper cover; 4. a laser sensor; 41. a gas detection hole; 42. a laser mirror surface; 43. a laser transmitter; 5. a front cover; 6. a separator.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the invention discloses a gas heat value flowmeter, which comprises a metering base meter, wherein the metering base meter comprises a shell 2 and a heat value integrating instrument 1, the heat value integrating instrument 1 is arranged on the shell 2, the heat value integrating instrument 1 has a volume operation function, two ends of the shell 2 are communicated with a pipeline, a laser sensor 4 is arranged on the shell 2, the laser sensor 4 is connected with the heat value integrating instrument, and the volume corrector is connected with the heat value integrating instrument 1 through signals; the laser sensor 4 is used for detecting the concentration of various components in the combustible gas, simultaneously transmitting the detected component parameters to a heat value integrating instrument, calculating the heat value of the detected gas according to the detected volume and the concentration of each component by the heat value integrating instrument, and calculating and displaying the heat value of the combustible gas through the volume, the concentration and the heat value.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the laser sensor 4 provided by the present invention includes a housing, a gas detection hole 41 is formed in the top of the housing, a laser emitter 43 and a laser reflection mirror 42 are arranged in the housing, the laser reflection mirror 42 is arranged right above the laser emitter 43, and the laser emitter 43 and the laser reflection mirror 42 are parallel to each other.
Furthermore, a partition plate 6 is arranged in the shell 2 of the metering base meter, and the laser sensor 4 is arranged in the shell 2 of the metering base meter through the partition plate 6.
Furthermore, the metering base meter provided by the invention adopts a gas roots flowmeter, a turbine flowmeter and an ultrasonic flowmeter. The laser sensor 4 can be respectively arranged in the shell of the gas waist wheel flowmeter, the turbine flowmeter and the ultrasonic flowmeter, on the shell or on a pipeline connected with the shell. By verifying that the maximum allowable error of the gas energy flow meter of the laser sensor 4 in a built-in mode (namely, arranged in the shell) can reach A level (within 1 percent of error), and the repeatability of the gas energy flow meter can reach B level (within 2 percent of error) in other installation modes (arranged outside the shell and on a pipeline close to the shell), the repeatability of the gas energy flow meter does not exceed 1/3 of the maximum allowable error.
Further, the gas calorific value flowmeter of the present invention may also adopt a flow meter mode, and is not limited to the structure of the flowmeter.
As shown in FIG. 1, the metering base meter provided by the invention adopts a gas waist wheel flowmeter, and a laser sensor 4 is arranged on an end cover 5 through a partition plate 6; fig. 2 shows the laser sensor 4 arranged on the housing of the gas waist wheel flow meter.
As shown in fig. 3, the basic metering meter provided by the invention adopts a turbine flowmeter, and a laser sensor 4 is installed in an upper cover 3; fig. 4 shows the laser sensor 4 arranged on the housing of the turbine flowmeter.
As shown in fig. 5, the ultrasonic flowmeter is adopted as the metering base meter provided by the invention, and the laser sensor 4 is installed in the upper cover 3; fig. 6 shows the laser sensor 4 disposed on the housing of the ultrasonic flow meter.
The invention provides a formula for calculating the volume-based high-order calorific value of combustible gas, which comprises the following steps: h s ＝qV；
In the formula:
H s the volume base high-level heating value of the combustible gas is expressed in megajoules per cubic meter (MJ/m) 3 )。
q-laser probes of the laser sensor (4) emit laser with different wavelengths, so that the characteristics of the gas to be detected are enhanced, collected, processed and identified, the obtained content (methane, ethane, propane, butane and the like) of each component and the calorific value of the pure gas of the component are calculated, the calorific value contribution of each component is calculated, and the calorific value contributions are accumulated together to obtain the calorific value of the combustible gas in unit volume;
v is the natural gas volume flow or mass flow under the measurement reference condition, and the unit is cubic meter per hour (m 3/h), and the natural gas volume flow or mass flow is obtained by the volume measurement base table test of the flowmeter.
The invention provides a calculation formula of combustible gas energy flow: q. q.s e ＝qH s
In the formula:
q e -combustible gas energy flow in megajoules per hour (MJ/h)
q-volume or mass flow of natural gas in cubic meters per hour (m) under a measured reference condition 3 The flow meter is obtained through volume measurement base table testing of the flow meter;
H s the volume base high-order calorific value of the combustible gas is megajoules per cubic meter (MJ/m) 3 )。
According to the gas energy flowmeter, the invention also provides an application method of the gas energy flowmeter, which comprises the following steps:
s1: two ends of a shell 2 of the metering base meter are respectively connected with a pipeline, and combustible gas enters the shell 2 in the process of flowing through the pipeline and flows into a gas detection hole 41 of a laser sensor 4;
s2: laser probes of the laser sensor 4, namely the laser transmitter 43, emit laser with different wavelengths, so that the characteristics of the gas to be detected are enhanced, collected, processed and identified, and the gas components are quantitatively calculated, wherein the wavelength of methane is 1654nm (as shown in fig. 9 to 12); the method comprises the following specific steps: combustible gas to be detected enters the shell of the laser sensor 4 from the gas detection hole 41 at the top of the laser sensor 4, the laser emitter 43 emits laser light sources, the entering gas to be detected is measured through the light sources with different wavelengths, and according to the concentration and the components of the gas, the wavelength of the laser is emitted to the laser reflection mirror 42 which is obliquely arranged in different degrees and is reflected to the laser receiver at one side of the laser emitter, so that the data of the components, the concentration and the heat value of the combustible gas are calculated and identified;
s3: transmitting the obtained combustible gas components, concentration and heat value data to a heat value integrating instrument of a metering base table, and calculating the gas volume flow or mass flow detected by the heat value integrating instrument to obtain a heat value; the heat value integrating instrument calculates the concentration, volume and heat value of the three gases to obtain energy; and finally, displaying a final data result through the heat value integrating instrument 1.
The invention integrates a laser sensor and a heat value integrating instrument on a measuring meter, strengthens, collects, processes and identifies the characteristics of the gas to be measured through the laser sensor, quantitatively calculates the gas components (the concentration and the heat value of each component) and transmits the data to the heat value integrating instrument, and calculates the volume with the detection volume of the heat value integrating instrument to obtain the heat; and calculating and displaying the calorific value of the combustible gas according to the existing data. Therefore, the integrated detection function is achieved, the corresponding integrated function is achieved on the aspect of reducing the size of the equipment, the installation and the disassembly and the repair are convenient, and the maintenance and management cost is saved.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The gas heat value flowmeter comprises a metering base meter and is characterized in that the metering base meter comprises a shell (2) and a heat value integrating instrument (1), the heat value integrating instrument (1) is arranged on the shell (2), the heat value integrating instrument (1) comprises a volume flow operation function, two ends of the shell (2) are communicated with a pipeline, a laser sensor (4) is arranged on the shell (2), and the laser sensor (4) is connected with the heat value integrating instrument (1); the laser sensor (4) is used for detecting the concentration of various components in the combustible gas, simultaneously transmitting detected component parameters to the heat value integrating instrument, the heat value integrating instrument (1) calculates the heat of the detected gas according to the detected volume and the concentration and the heat value of each component, and then calculates and displays the heat value of the combustible gas through the volume, the concentration and the heat value.
2. A gas heating value flowmeter according to claim 1, wherein the laser sensor (4) comprises a housing, a gas detection hole (41) is formed in the top of the housing, a laser emitter (43) and a laser reflection mirror (42) are formed in the housing, the laser reflection mirror (42) is arranged right above the laser emitter (43), and the laser emitter (43) and the laser reflection mirror (42) are parallel to each other.
3. A gas heating value flowmeter according to claim 1 wherein said base meter is selected from the group consisting of a gas waist wheel flowmeter, a turbine flowmeter, and an ultrasonic flowmeter.
4. A gas heating value flowmeter according to claim 2, characterized in that said laser sensor (4) is mounted in, on or in a conduit connected to the housing of the ultrasonic flowmeter.
5. A gas heating value flowmeter according to claim 2, characterized in that said laser sensor (4) is mounted in, on or in a conduit connected to the casing of the turbine flowmeter.
6. A gas heating value flowmeter according to claim 2, characterized in that the laser sensor (4) is mounted in, on or in a conduit connected to the housing of the gas roots meter.
7. A gas heating value flowmeter according to claim 2, characterized in that a partition (6) is provided in the housing (2) of the metering base meter, and the laser sensor (4) is provided in the housing (2) of the metering base meter through the partition (6).
8. A gas heating value flowmeter as set forth in claim 1 wherein said formula for calculating the volume based higher heating value of the combustible gas is: h s ＝qV；
In the formula:
H s the volume base high-order calorific value of the combustible gas is megajoules per cubic meter (MJ/m) 3 )。
q-laser probes of the laser sensor (4) emit laser with different wavelengths, so that the characteristics of the gas to be detected are enhanced, collected, processed and identified, the obtained content (methane, ethane, propane, butane and the like) of each component and the calorific value of the pure gas of the component are calculated, the calorific value contribution of each component is calculated, and the calorific value contributions are accumulated together to obtain the calorific value of the combustible gas in unit volume;
v is the natural gas volume flow or mass flow under the measurement reference condition, and the unit is cubic meter per hour (m 3/h), and the natural gas volume flow or mass flow is obtained by the volume measurement base table test of the flowmeter.
9. A gas energy flow meter according to claim 8, wherein said combustible gas energy flow is calculated by the formula: q. q of e ＝VH s ；
In the formula:
q e -combustible gas energy flow in megajoules per hour (MJ/h)
V-volumetric or mass flow of natural gas in cubic meters per hour (m) under measured reference conditions 3 The flow meter is obtained through volume measurement base table testing of the flow meter;
H s the volume base high-level heating value of the combustible gas is expressed in megajoules per cubic meter (MJ/m) 3 )。
10. An application method of a gas energy flowmeter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: two ends of a shell (2) of the metering base meter are respectively connected with a pipeline, and combustible gas enters the shell (2) in the process of flowing through the pipeline and flows into a gas detection hole (41) of a laser sensor (4);
s2: the laser probe of the laser sensor (4), namely the laser emitter (43), emits laser with different wavelengths, so that the characteristics of the gas to be detected are enhanced, collected, processed and identified, and the gas components are quantitatively calculated, wherein the wavelength of methane is 1654nm; the method comprises the following specific steps: combustible gas to be detected enters a shell of the laser sensor (4) from a gas detection hole (41) at the top of the laser sensor (4), a laser emitter (43) emits a laser light source, the entering gas to be detected is measured through light sources with different wavelengths, and according to the concentration and the components of the gas, the wavelength of the laser is emitted to a laser reflection mirror surface (42) which is obliquely arranged in different degrees and is reflected to a laser receiver at one side of the laser emitter, so that the component and the concentration data of the combustible gas are calculated and identified;
s3: transmitting the data of the components and the concentration of the obtained combustible gas to a heat value integrating instrument of a metering base table, and calculating the gas integrated flow or the mass flow detected by the integrating instrument to obtain a heat value; the heat value integrating instrument calculates the data of the three (gas concentration, volume and heat value) to obtain energy; and finally, displaying a final data result through a heat value integrating instrument (1).
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| CN202211167052.9A CN115790751A (en) | 2022-09-23 | 2022-09-23 | Gas calorific value flowmeter and application method |
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| CN202211167052.9A CN115790751A (en) | 2022-09-23 | 2022-09-23 | Gas calorific value flowmeter and application method |
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| CN202211167052.9A Pending CN115790751A (en) | 2022-09-23 | 2022-09-23 | Gas calorific value flowmeter and application method |
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