CN115789230A - Differential mechanism structure, lubricating system and car - Google Patents
Differential mechanism structure, lubricating system and car Download PDFInfo
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- CN115789230A CN115789230A CN202211505434.8A CN202211505434A CN115789230A CN 115789230 A CN115789230 A CN 115789230A CN 202211505434 A CN202211505434 A CN 202211505434A CN 115789230 A CN115789230 A CN 115789230A
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Abstract
The invention provides a differential mechanism structure, a lubricating system and an automobile, which comprise a differential mechanism shell and two planetary wheel mounting holes arranged on the differential mechanism shell and arranged oppositely, wherein the inner walls of the differential mechanism shell close to the two planetary wheel mounting holes are respectively provided with at least one first oil duct, one end of each first oil duct is communicated with the inner wall of the corresponding planetary wheel mounting hole on the differential mechanism shell, the other end of each first oil duct is close to a friction pair area formed by the differential mechanism shell and a planetary gear, the inner walls of the differential mechanism shell close to the axial mounting holes are respectively provided with at least one second oil duct, one end of each second oil duct is close to the axial mounting hole of the differential mechanism shell, and the other end of each second oil duct is close to a friction pair area formed by the differential mechanism shell and a half shaft gear.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile differentials, in particular to a differential structure, a lubricating system and an automobile.
Background
The electric drive is a core component in the technical field of new energy automobiles, wherein the speed reducer is a key influencing the overall performance of an electric drive system, and the speed reducer assembly reliably transmits the torque of the motor within the rotating speed range of the motor, adapts to all load impact requirements from the whole automobile, transmits the torque of the motor to the drive shaft and realizes the differential function of the drive shaft.
The differential is used as a mechanism for vehicle differential and torque transmission and for adjusting the differential speed of left and right wheels, so that two output shafts can rotate at different angular speeds, power transmission of each driving shaft of a vehicle under various motion conditions is ensured, and slipping between tires and the ground is avoided.
Most of the current electric drive differential lubrication configurations are mainly as follows: the first differential lubrication system is mostly in a splash lubrication mode, but oil storage is not considered in a mode of optimizing the structure of each part of the differential, and an oil guide oil channel enables the interior of the differential to form a continuous and uniform lubrication channel; the second differential lubrication is that the oil is guided from two ends of the differential bearing and enters the differential shell, but the oil guide oil channel is connected with the structural design system on the friction pair surfaces such as the planetary gear, the half axle gear, the planetary pin shaft and the like which are not arranged in the differential shell to form a circulating lubrication loop, the circulating lubrication loop comprises the friction pair surface at the bottom of the planetary gear of the differential shell, the planetary pin shaft is matched with the friction surface of the shaft hole, and the friction pairs in the two differential lubrication systems can basically meet the requirements under the conditions of large oil filling amount and normal working condition of the whole vehicle; however, under the requirements of high efficiency and low oil quantity required by the current new energy industry, a high-quality lubricating system and heat exchange capacity cannot be formed, and fault forms such as spherical surface abrasion of a differential housing, sintering, abrasion and fracture of a planet pin shaft and the like are easily caused, so that a common and key lubricating problem exists in a differential mechanism when the working condition of a whole vehicle is severe with high efficiency and low oil quantity, and meanwhile, the development and verification cost of products is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a differential mechanism structure, a lubrication system and an automobile, which are used to solve the problem that the differential mechanism in the prior art cannot form a uniform and continuous lubrication characteristic and heat dissipation scene.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a differential structure, including a differential case and two planetary wheel mounting holes disposed opposite to each other on the differential case, where the differential case is provided with at least one first oil passage on inner walls near the two planetary wheel mounting holes, respectively, one end of the first oil passage is communicated with the inner wall of the corresponding planetary wheel mounting hole on the differential case, and the other end of the first oil passage is near a friction pair region formed by the differential case and a planetary gear;
the inner wall close to the axial mounting hole of the differential shell is respectively provided with at least one second oil duct, one end of each second oil duct is close to the axial mounting hole of the differential shell, and the other end of each second oil duct is close to the friction pair area formed by the differential shell and the half-shaft gear;
the two first oil ducts are respectively positioned on two sides of the hole center line of the planet wheel mounting hole, and the length direction of the first oil ducts is perpendicular to the shaft center line of the differential shell.
Optionally, by using the difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the differential, oil in bearing chambers at two ends of the differential is introduced into a friction pair surface of the half axle gear through a second oil duct and is gathered into the differential shell to continuously compensate the oil in the first oil duct, so that a circulating lubrication loop is formed, and meanwhile, the fluidity of the oil in the first oil duct is improved.
Optionally, a notch at one end, far away from the planet wheel mounting hole, of the first oil passage is trumpet-shaped and is in smooth transition with the inner wall of the differential housing.
Optionally, oil guide grooves are further arranged in the axial mounting holes at the two ends of the differential case, and the oil guide grooves in the axial mounting holes at the two ends of the differential case are spirally arranged;
and one end of the second oil duct close to the axial mounting hole is communicated with the corresponding oil guide groove.
Optionally, the differential structure further comprises a differential planetary gear, and a cross-shaped oil passage is arranged at the edge of an inner ring of the differential planetary gear;
the crossed oil duct comprises an axial oil duct and an annular oil duct, the axial oil duct is obliquely arranged, the annular oil duct is distributed along the circumferential direction of the differential planetary gear, and the axial oil duct is communicated with the annular oil duct.
Optionally, the cross-shaped oil passage includes an axial oil passage and an annular oil passage, the axial oil passage is arranged obliquely, the annular oil passage is distributed along the circumferential direction of the axis of the differential planetary gear, and the axial oil passage is communicated with the annular oil passage.
Optionally, the axial oil passage has an inclination of 50 ° to 70 °.
Optionally, the differential structure further includes a planet pin, a plurality of third oil ducts are respectively disposed at two ends of the planet pin, the third oil ducts correspond to the first oil ducts one to one, and a length direction of the third oil ducts is perpendicular to a length direction of the planet pin.
Optionally, the first oil passage, the second oil passage, and the third oil passage are all arc-shaped grooves.
Optionally, the lubrication system includes a reducer case, where an oil baffle is disposed on the reducer case, the oil baffle is located on one side of the maximum rotation stroke of the differential case, and the oil baffle is configured to guide oil splashed by gears into the differential case.
Optionally, an automobile, wherein the lubrication system is used.
As mentioned above, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: by utilizing the internal and external pressure difference of the differential, the oil in the bearing chambers at the two ends of the differential is introduced into the friction pair surface of the half axle gear through the second oil duct and is gathered into the differential shell to continuously compensate the oil in the first oil duct, so that a circulating lubrication loop is formed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a differential case 1a according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a differential case 1a according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a differential according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a partial enlarged view X of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view Y of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the planetary gear 2a according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the planetary pin 5a according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a structure in which the oil deflector 1 is mounted on a reducer case according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals
1. Oil baffle plate
1a differential case
2. First oil duct
2a planetary gear
2b gasket
3. Second oil duct
4. Cross oil duct
5. Third oil duct
6. Oil guide groove
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided by way of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 3. It should be noted that the drawings provided in this embodiment are only for schematically illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings and not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, quantity and proportion of each component in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the component layout may be more complicated. The structures, proportions, sizes, and other dimensions shown in the drawings and described in the specification are for understanding and reading the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is defined in the claims, and are not essential to the art, and any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments in size, which do not affect the efficacy and attainment of the same are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are used for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms may be changed or adjusted without substantial change in the technical content.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2, the present invention provides a differential structure, which includes a differential case 1a and two planetary wheel mounting holes disposed on the differential case 1a and facing each other, wherein the inner walls of the differential case 1a near the two planetary wheel mounting holes are respectively provided with at least one first oil passage 2, one end of each first oil passage 2 is communicated with the inner wall of the corresponding planetary wheel mounting hole on the differential case 1a, and the other end of each first oil passage 2 is close to a friction pair region formed by the differential case 1a and the planetary gear 2 a;
the inner walls, close to the axial mounting hole of the differential case 1a, of the differential case are respectively provided with at least one second oil duct 3, one end of each second oil duct 3 is close to the axial mounting hole of the differential case 1a, and the other end of each second oil duct 3 is close to the friction pair area formed by the differential case 1a and the half-shaft gear;
the two first oil ducts 2 are respectively located on two sides of a hole center line of the planet wheel mounting hole, and the length direction of the first oil ducts 2 is perpendicular to the shaft center line of the differential case 1a, so that the differential is influenced by centrifugal force during rotation, and the flowability of lubricating oil in the first oil ducts 2 is optimal.
In one embodiment, by utilizing the difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure of the differential, the oil in the bearing chambers at the two ends of the differential is introduced into the friction pair surface of the side gear through the second oil passage and is gathered into the differential shell 1a to continuously compensate the oil in the first oil passage, so that a circulating lubrication loop is formed, and meanwhile, the fluidity of the oil in the first oil passage is improved.
In one embodiment, a notch at one end of the first oil passage 2, which is far away from the planet wheel mounting hole, is in a horn shape and is in smooth transition with the inner wall of the differential housing 1a, so that lubricating oil can smoothly flow out of the first oil passage 2 under the action of centrifugal force, and the diffusion area of the lubricating oil is increased.
In one embodiment, oil guide grooves 6 are further arranged in the axial mounting holes at the two ends of the differential case 1a, and the oil guide grooves 6 in the axial mounting holes at the two ends of the differential case 1a are spirally arranged;
one end of the second oil passage 3 close to the axial mounting hole is communicated with the corresponding oil guide groove 6.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 7, the differential structure further includes a differential planet gear 2a and a planet pin shaft 5a, a cross-shaped oil passage 4 is provided at an edge of an inner ring of the differential planet gear 2a, lubricating oil in the first oil passage 2 flows into the planet pin shaft 5a to lubricate a friction surface of a mounting hole of the planet gear 2a, and simultaneously the oil is stored in a circumferential oil passage of a shaft hole of the planet gear 2a and is rotated for lubrication;
in one embodiment, a spacer 2b is further provided between the planetary gear 2a and the differential case 1 a.
The cross-shaped oil passage 4 includes an axial oil passage and an annular oil passage, the axial oil passage is arranged obliquely, the annular oil passage is distributed along the circumferential direction of the differential planetary gear 2a, and the axial oil passage is communicated with the annular oil passage.
In one embodiment, the cross-shaped oil passage 4 includes an axial oil passage and an annular oil passage, the axial oil passage is arranged obliquely so that the contact length of the axial oil passage becomes large and the contact stress becomes small, the annular oil passage is distributed circumferentially along the axial line of the differential planetary gear 2a, and the axial oil passage and the annular oil passage are connected.
In one embodiment, the axial oil passage has a gradient of 50 to 70.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of third oil channels 5 are further respectively disposed at two ends of the planet pin 5a, and are used for smoothly introducing the lubricating oil staying in the top gap of the planet gear 2a into the cross oil channel 4 along the third oil channels 5, where the third oil channels 5 correspond to and are communicated with the first oil channel 2, and the length direction of the third oil channels 5 is perpendicular to the length direction of the planet pin 5 a.
In one embodiment, the first oil passage 2, the second oil passage 3 and the third oil passage 5 are all arc-shaped grooves, which allow for oil passing and prevent impurities from being retained.
In one embodiment, a lubricating system includes a reducer case, as shown in fig. 8, an oil baffle plate 1 is disposed on the reducer case, the oil baffle plate 1 is located on one side of the maximum rotation stroke of the differential case 1a, the oil baffle plate 1 is vertically disposed above the differential case 1a, and is used for guiding oil splashed by gears into the differential case 1a, so as to ensure that the differential case 1a passes through the position above the maximum rotation stroke and keeps the minimum distance from a main reduction gear, and mainly the oil splashed by the gears can make more lubricating oil enter the differential case 1a under the influence of gravity.
In one embodiment, a vehicle employs any of the lubrication systems described above.
In summary, the present invention has the advantages that the oil baffle plate 1 cooperates with the main reduction gear of the differential to form a proper gap, the lubricating oil is slowly dropped into the differential case by the self-weight of the lubricating oil, under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, the lubricating oil in the first oil passage 2 passes through the corresponding third oil passage 5 and then enters the cross-shaped oil passage 4 to form a circulation loop, and simultaneously, under the action of internal and external pressure of the differential case 1a, the lubricating oil in the bearing chambers at the two ends of the differential case 1a enters the friction pair surface of the side gear through the second oil passage 3 and can be collected into the differential case 1a again to supplement the lubricating oil in the first oil passage 2, and finally, circulation of the oil-way system inside and outside the differential is formed.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The differential structure is characterized by comprising a differential shell and two planetary wheel mounting holes which are arranged on the differential shell and are opposite to each other, wherein the differential shell is provided with at least one first oil duct on the inner wall close to the two planetary wheel mounting holes respectively, one end of each first oil duct is communicated with the inner wall of the corresponding planetary wheel mounting hole on the differential shell, and the other end of each first oil duct is close to a friction pair area formed by the differential shell and a planetary gear;
the inner walls, close to the axial mounting hole of the differential case, of the differential case are respectively provided with at least one second oil duct, one end of each second oil duct is close to the axial mounting hole of the differential case, and the other end of each second oil duct is close to the area of a friction pair formed by the differential case and a half-shaft gear;
the two first oil ducts are respectively positioned on two sides of the hole center line of the planet wheel mounting hole, and the length direction of the first oil ducts is perpendicular to the shaft center line of the differential shell.
2. A differential architecture according to claim 1, wherein: one end notch of the first oil duct, which is far away from the planet wheel mounting hole, is trumpet-shaped and is in smooth transition with the inner wall of the differential shell.
3. A differential construction according to claim 2, wherein: oil guide grooves are further arranged in the axial mounting holes at the two ends of the differential shell, and the oil guide grooves in the axial mounting holes at the two ends of the differential shell are spirally arranged;
one end of the second oil duct, which is close to the axial mounting hole, is communicated with the corresponding oil guide groove.
4. A differential architecture according to claim 3, wherein: the differential mechanism structure further comprises a differential mechanism planetary gear, and a cross-shaped oil passage is arranged on the edge of an inner ring of the differential mechanism planetary gear;
the crossed oil duct comprises an axial oil duct and an annular oil duct, the axial oil duct is obliquely arranged, the annular oil duct is distributed along the circumferential direction of the differential planetary gear, and the axial oil duct is communicated with the annular oil duct.
5. A differential construction according to claim 4, wherein: the crossed oil duct comprises an axial oil duct and an annular oil duct, the axial oil duct is obliquely arranged, the annular oil duct is circumferentially distributed along the axial lead of the differential planetary gear, and the axial oil duct is communicated with the annular oil duct.
6. A differential construction according to claim 5, wherein: the inclination of the axial oil passage is 50-70 degrees.
7. A differential architecture according to claim 6, wherein: the differential mechanism structure further comprises a planet pin shaft, a plurality of third oil ducts are respectively arranged at two ends of the planet pin shaft, the third oil ducts are in one-to-one correspondence with the first oil ducts, and the length direction of the third oil ducts is perpendicular to the length direction of the planet pin shaft.
8. A differential construction according to claim 7, wherein: the first oil passage, the second oil passage and the third oil passage are all arc-shaped grooves.
9. A lubrication system, characterized by: the differential gear comprises a reducer shell, wherein an oil baffle plate is arranged on the reducer shell, the oil baffle plate is positioned on one side of the maximum rotation stroke of the differential gear shell in the claim 8, and the oil baffle plate is used for guiding oil splashed by gears into the differential gear shell.
10. An automobile, characterized in that: use of a lubrication system according to any of claims 1-9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211505434.8A CN115789230A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Differential mechanism structure, lubricating system and car |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211505434.8A CN115789230A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Differential mechanism structure, lubricating system and car |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115789230A true CN115789230A (en) | 2023-03-14 |
Family
ID=85442534
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211505434.8A Pending CN115789230A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Differential mechanism structure, lubricating system and car |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115789230A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-11-28 CN CN202211505434.8A patent/CN115789230A/en active Pending
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