CN115786769A - Titanium alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Titanium alloy powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115786769A CN115786769A CN202211532747.2A CN202211532747A CN115786769A CN 115786769 A CN115786769 A CN 115786769A CN 202211532747 A CN202211532747 A CN 202211532747A CN 115786769 A CN115786769 A CN 115786769A
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910000756 V alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000797 Ultra-high-strength steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses titanium alloy powder for 3D printing and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal 3D printing. The titanium alloy powder for 3D printing comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: al: 5.5-6.75%, V:3.5 to 4.5%, li:3.0 to 4.0 percent, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities. The invention is realized by adding Ti in the prior art 6 Al 4 The addition of a proper amount of lithium element into the V alloy (TC 4 titanium alloy) greatly improves Ti 6 Al 4 The specific heat capacity of the V alloy material improves the heat retaining performance of the TC4 titanium alloy, so that the solidification speed of the TC4 titanium alloy is reduced after the TC4 titanium alloy is heated and melted, and the possibility of blocking a device in the 3D printing process by using TC4 titanium alloy powder is reduced; at the same time, to a certain extentReduce Ti 6 Al 4 The melting point of the V alloy and the alloy density.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal 3D printing, in particular to titanium alloy powder for 3D printing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Titanium accounts for about 0.6 percent of the total mass of the earth crust, is second only to the contents of aluminum, iron and magnesium, and is a widely applied metal material. The density of the titanium alloy is 4.5g/mm 3 (about half of high-temperature alloy and steel) and high strength, greatly reduces the weight of the material and realizes good economic and environmental benefits while meeting the requirement of the designed strength of the material, thereby being widely applied to the industrial fields of aviation, aerospace, war industry, biomedicine and the like. The titanium alloy formed by the titanium element and other elements has the characteristics of strong corrosion resistance, good heat resistance, low elastic modulus, no magnetism and the like, and the specific strength after solution treatment and aging strengthening is far higher than that of high-strength aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and high-temperature alloy, and even is equivalent to that of ultrahigh-strength steel. However, titanium alloy has certain disadvantages in processing, the elastic modulus of the titanium alloy is small and is about half of that of iron, and certain deformation resilience exists in the machining process, so that machining precision errors are easily caused; therefore, in the actual production process, the production efficiency and the material utilization rate of the titanium alloy are low, the processing period is long, and the application of the titanium alloy in the fields of national defense industry and the like is severely restricted. The emerging 3D printing technology can overcome some problems of the titanium alloy in the processing process to the maximum extent.
3D printing is an additive manufacturing technique that obtains three-dimensional parts by adding material layer by layer. Commonly seen 3D printed materials are wires, powdered metals, plastics, ceramics, etc. In the aspect of metal 3D printing, common 3D printing processes include laser selective melting (SLM), droplet discharge bonding (3 DP), and the like, in which metal powder is used as a molding material. Although 3D printing technology has gained rapid development in recent years, the development of materials is relatively slow, limiting the widespread use of 3D printing technology. Taking 3DP as an example, in the printing process, since the throat or the nozzle part is easily blocked by the metal powder (the schematic diagram of the 3DP printing device is shown in fig. 1), the part which is most easily blocked is the connection part of the throat and the nozzle, the printing yield is low, and the application of the 3D printing technology in the preparation of the titanium alloy device is limited to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention providesTitanium alloy powder for 3D printing and a preparation method thereof. By using in conventional Ti 6 Al 4 The proper amount of lithium element is added into the V alloy (TC 4 titanium alloy), thereby greatly improving Ti 6 Al 4 The specific heat capacity of the V alloy material improves the heat retaining performance of the TC4 titanium alloy, so that the solidification speed of the TC4 titanium alloy is reduced after the TC4 titanium alloy is heated and melted, and the possibility of blocking a device in the 3D printing process by using TC4 titanium alloy powder is reduced; at the same time, ti can be reduced to a certain extent 6 Al 4 The melting point of the V alloy and the alloy density.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention adopts one of the technical schemes: the titanium alloy powder for 3D printing is provided, and comprises the following elements in percentage by weight:
al: 5.5-6.75%, V:3.5 to 4.5%, li:3.0 to 4.0 percent, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the titanium alloy powder for 3D printing comprises the following elements in percentage by weight:
al: 5.5-6.75%, V:3.5 to 4.5%, li:3.5%, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
The second technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the titanium alloy powder for 3D printing comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing raw materials according to the designed element proportion;
(2) Preheating the raw materials, smelting, atomizing the melt obtained by smelting to form metal powder, and sieving to obtain the titanium alloy powder for 3D printing.
Preferably, the raw material in the step (1) is a single element metal block or a gold alloy block.
Preferably, the temperature of the smelting in the step (2) is 1910-1930 ℃.
Preferably, the atomization is carried out by a high-pressure nitrogen atomizer, and the pressure is 10-12 MPa.
Preferably, the sieving in the step (2) is 140-270 mesh sieving.
The third technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the application of the titanium alloy powder for 3D printing in preparing a titanium alloy device by droplet jetting and bonding is provided.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention is realized by adding Ti in the prior art 6 Al 4 The V alloy (TC 4 titanium alloy) is added with a proper amount of lithium element, and the characteristic of large specific heat capacity of the lithium element is utilized to greatly improve Ti 6 Al 4 The specific heat capacity of the V alloy material improves the heat retaining property of the TC4 titanium alloy, so that the solidification speed of the TC4 titanium alloy is reduced after the TC4 titanium alloy is heated and melted, and the possibility of blocking a device in the 3D printing process by using TC4 titanium alloy powder is reduced; meanwhile, the characteristics of low melting point and low density of lithium element can reduce Ti to a certain extent 6 Al 4 The melting point of the V alloy and the alloy density.
The preparation method provided by the invention is simple, does not need special equipment, can be prepared according to the conventional titanium alloy powder preparation method, is easy to popularize and apply, and has a relatively high economic value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a 3DP printing apparatus.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention. It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every intervening value, to the extent any stated value or intervening value in a stated range, and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range, is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
Example 1
Preparing titanium alloy powder for 3D printing:
(1) According to the weight ratio of Al:6wt.%, V:4wt.%, li:3.5wt.% and the balance of Ti, preparing pure Al blocks, pure V blocks, pure Li blocks and pure Ti blocks, wherein the purity of each metal block is not lower than 99.5wt.%;
(2) Preheating a pure Al block, a pure V block, a pure Li block and a pure Ti block to 250 ℃, adjusting the temperature of a smelting furnace to 500 ℃ under the protection of argon, adding the pure Li block, adding the pure Al block after melting, increasing the temperature of the pure Al block to 650 ℃, adding the pure Ti block after melting, increasing the temperature of the pure Ti block to 1650 ℃, adding the pure V block after melting the pure Ti block, increasing the temperature to 1910 ℃, keeping for 5min, stirring until a melt is uniformly mixed, refining and slagging off;
(3) And (3) impacting and crushing the melt obtained in the step (2) into fine liquid drops through a high-pressure nitrogen atomizer (with the pressure of 10 Mpa), solidifying and forming to form titanium metal powder, and sieving through a 140-mesh sieve to obtain the titanium alloy powder for 3D printing.
Example 2
Preparing titanium alloy powder for 3D printing:
(1) According to the weight ratio of Al:6wt.%, V:4wt.%, li:3wt.%, and the balance being elemental proportions of Ti, preparing pure Al blocks, pure V blocks, pure Li blocks, and pure Ti blocks, the purity of each metal block being not less than 99.5wt.%;
(2) Preheating a pure Al block, a pure V block, a pure Li block and a pure Ti block to 250 ℃, adjusting the temperature of a smelting furnace to 500 ℃ under the protection of argon, adding the pure Li block, adding the pure Al block after melting, increasing the temperature of the pure Al block to 650 ℃, adding the pure Ti block after melting, increasing the temperature of the pure Ti block to 1650 ℃, adding the pure V block after melting the pure Ti block, increasing the temperature to 1910 ℃, keeping for 5min, stirring until a melt is uniformly mixed, refining and slagging off;
(3) And (3) impacting and crushing the melt obtained in the step (2) into fine liquid drops through a high-pressure nitrogen atomizer (with the pressure of 10 Mpa), solidifying and forming to form titanium metal powder, and sieving through a 140-mesh sieve to obtain the titanium alloy powder for 3D printing.
Example 3
Preparing titanium alloy powder for 3D printing:
(1) According to the weight ratio of Al:6wt.%, V:4wt.%, li:4.0wt.% and the balance of Ti, preparing pure Al blocks, pure V blocks, pure Li blocks and pure Ti blocks, wherein the purity of each metal block is not lower than 99.5wt.%;
(2) Preheating pure Al blocks, pure V blocks, pure Li blocks and pure Ti blocks to 250 ℃, adjusting the temperature of a smelting furnace to 500 ℃ under the protection of argon, adding the pure Li blocks, adding the pure Al blocks after melting, heating the pure Al blocks to 650 ℃ if the temperature is increased, adding the pure Ti blocks after the pure Al blocks are melted, heating the pure Ti blocks to 1650 ℃ if the temperature is increased, adding the pure V blocks after the pure Ti blocks are melted, heating to 1910 ℃, keeping for 5min, stirring until the melts are uniformly mixed, refining and slagging off;
(3) And (3) impacting and crushing the melt obtained in the step (2) into fine liquid drops through a high-pressure nitrogen atomizer (with the pressure of 10 Mpa), solidifying and forming to form titanium metal powder, and sieving through a 140-mesh sieve to obtain the titanium alloy powder for 3D printing.
Comparative example 1
Preparing titanium alloy powder for 3D printing:
(1) According to the weight ratio of Al:6wt.%, V:4wt.% and the balance of Ti, preparing pure Al blocks, pure V blocks and pure Ti blocks according to the element proportion, wherein the purity of each metal block is not lower than 99.5wt.%;
(2) Preheating pure Al blocks, pure V blocks and pure Ti blocks to 250 ℃, adjusting the temperature of a smelting furnace to 650 ℃ under the protection of argon, adding the pure Al blocks, adding the pure Ti blocks after melting, increasing the temperature of the smelting to 1650 ℃, adding the pure V blocks after melting, increasing the temperature to 1910 ℃, keeping for 5min, stirring until melts are uniformly mixed, refining and slagging off;
(3) Impacting and crushing the melt obtained in the step (2) into fine liquid drops through a high-pressure nitrogen atomizer (the pressure is 10 Mpa), and solidifying and forming to obtain the final productForming titanium metal powder, and sieving with 140 mesh sieve to obtain titanium alloy powder (traditional Ti) for 3D printing 6 Al 4 Alloy V).
The titanium alloy powder for 3D printing prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 was printed on the same titanium alloy part by a 3DP process, and since the smaller the inner diameter of the nozzle during printing, the higher the blocking probability, the smaller the nozzle diameter, the higher the blocking probability, the smaller the minimum size of the nozzle (inner diameter 0.2 mm) was used for this printing to verify the performance of the prepared titanium alloy powder, the number of parts printed was set to 200, the yield of the parts obtained using each material was counted (the printing failure due to the nozzle blocking was counted as a non-good product, and the counted number was calculated), and the statistical results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 yield of titanium alloy parts printed with various titanium alloy powders
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the present invention is achieved by using Ti in the conventional form 6 Al 4 Proper Li element is added into the V alloy, and Ti can be obviously improved 6 Al 4 And the V alloy powder is used as a 3D printing raw material to manufacture the yield of the titanium alloy parts. During printing, the inventors also observed that the titanium alloy powder prepared in comparative example 1 (conventional Ti) was used 6 Al 4 V alloy), the printing failure probability caused by blockage is obviously improved, and the possibility that the titanium alloy powder blocks a 3D printing throat or a nozzle channel can be obviously reduced after the Li element is added.
The above-described embodiments are only intended to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The titanium alloy powder for 3D printing is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by weight:
al: 5.5-6.75%, V:3.5 to 4.5%, li:3.0 to 4.0 percent, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
2. The titanium alloy powder for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the elements comprise, in weight percent:
al: 5.5-6.75%, V:3.5 to 4.5%, li:3.5%, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
3. A method for preparing titanium alloy powder for 3D printing according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
(1) Preparing raw materials according to the designed element proportion;
(2) Preheating the raw materials, smelting, atomizing the melt obtained by smelting to form metal powder, and sieving to obtain the titanium alloy powder for 3D printing.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the raw material in the step (1) is a single element metal block or a gold alloy block.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the smelting in the step (2) is 1910-1930 ℃.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the atomization is carried out by a high-pressure nitrogen atomizer at a pressure of 10 to 12MPa.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the sieving in the step (2) is a 140-270 mesh sieving.
8. Use of the titanium alloy powder for 3D printing according to claim 1 or 2 for droplet jetting bonding for the manufacture of titanium alloy devices.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9103919D0 (en) * | 1991-02-25 | 1991-04-10 | Secr Defence | Metastable solid solution titanium-based alloy produced by vapour quenching |
| CN106148760A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-23 | 浙江亚通焊材有限公司 | For medical beta titanium alloy powder body material that 3D prints and preparation method thereof |
| WO2017077137A2 (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-11 | Innomaq 21, S.L. | Method for the economic manufacturing of metallic parts |
| US20180073101A1 (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-03-15 | Universal Technical Resource Services, Inc. | Method for producing titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy |
| CN108774702A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-09 | 广西趣创想创客空间管理有限责任公司 | A kind of high temperature oxidation resisting titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-12-01 CN CN202211532747.2A patent/CN115786769B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9103919D0 (en) * | 1991-02-25 | 1991-04-10 | Secr Defence | Metastable solid solution titanium-based alloy produced by vapour quenching |
| WO2017077137A2 (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-11 | Innomaq 21, S.L. | Method for the economic manufacturing of metallic parts |
| CN106148760A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-23 | 浙江亚通焊材有限公司 | For medical beta titanium alloy powder body material that 3D prints and preparation method thereof |
| US20180073101A1 (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2018-03-15 | Universal Technical Resource Services, Inc. | Method for producing titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy |
| CN108774702A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-09 | 广西趣创想创客空间管理有限责任公司 | A kind of high temperature oxidation resisting titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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