CN115786746B - Smelting method of high manganese alloy - Google Patents
Smelting method of high manganese alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910020598 Co Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;iron Chemical compound [Fe]#B ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
A high-manganese alloy smelting method belongs to the technical field of special alloy smelting, overcomes the defect of burning loss of a volatile element Mn in high-manganese high-temperature alloy smelting in the prior art, and ensures the comprehensive yield of other elements. The smelting method of the high manganese alloy comprises the following steps: step 1, raw material pretreatment; step 2, charging: sequentially placing the dried raw materials in the step 1 in a first crystallizer molten pool of a non-consumable arc melting furnace from bottom to top according to the sequence of saturated vapor pressure from high to low; placing pure metal for purifying oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen into a second crystallizer molten pool of the non-consumable arc melting furnace; step 3, vacuumizing and washing the furnace: circularly vacuumizing and filling argon into a non-consumable arc melting furnace; and 4, smelting the pure metal in the second crystallizer molten pool, smelting the raw material in the first crystallizer molten pool for multiple times, and cooling the alloy block to room temperature and discharging the alloy block after remelting for the last time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of special alloy smelting, and particularly relates to a high manganese alloy smelting method.
Background
The high-efficiency cleaning is the development trend of the coal-electricity technology in the world, and the high-parameter ultra-supercritical coal-fired power generation technology has obvious comprehensive advantages in the clean coal-fired power generation technology due to the characteristics of large capacity, good reliability, high technical maturity and the like. At present, the steam temperature and pressure of the high-parameter ultra-supercritical thermal power generating unit put higher requirements on materials for key parts of a thermal channel of the high-parameter ultra-supercritical thermal power generating unit. The technical bottleneck for restricting the design and construction of the high-parameter ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plant is still a heat-resistant material technology, and the technology is blank at home and abroad and needs to be developed urgently.
To realize the industrial development of the heat-resistant material for the high-parameter ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plant, the laboratory stage, the pilot plant stage and the industrialization stage are required to be carried out. At present, universities and scientific research institutions commonly adopt vacuum non-consumable arc smelting furnaces to conduct scientific research and small-batch preparation of new materials. In vacuum non-consumable arc smelting, it is important to reduce the volatilization of beneficial elements as much as possible while removing harmful metal impurities to accurately control the alloy composition.
Because Mn has strong volatility and easy oxidation, the comprehensive control of Mn and other alloy elements is a difficult point when the high-manganese superalloy is smelted by adopting vacuum non-consumable electric arc. At present, the prior art introduces a control method for Mn element during vacuum induction smelting, and patent CN114293090A discloses a method for controlling the Mn content in the titanium-containing steel smelted by a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the titanium-containing steel alloy has the advantages of simple system, less element types, lower controllable Mn content, 2-5 percent of range and complex operation flow. Patent CN112708725A discloses a method for smelting high manganese steel by a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the content range of manganese in the high manganese steel is controlled to be 8% -30%, but rare earth elements are required to carry out inclusion modification, and the problems of simple alloy system, few element types and complex operation flow exist.
Gao Canshu the high-temperature alloying elements for the ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plant are more in variety, the volume fraction of high-melting-point elements such as titanium, aluminum, solid-solution strengthening elements tungsten and molybdenum is higher, and in order to improve the comprehensive yield of manganese and other elements during vacuum smelting of the high-manganese high-temperature alloy, meanwhile, the chemical components are precisely controlled, so that a vacuum non-consumable arc smelting process of the high-manganese high-temperature alloy is necessary to be developed, and the yield of Mn and other elements is comprehensively controlled, so that the yield of each element is more than 90%.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect of burning loss of the volatile element Mn in the smelting process of the high-manganese high-temperature alloy in the prior art, and ensure the comprehensive yield of other elements at the same time, so as to provide the smelting method of the high-manganese alloy.
For this purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
A high manganese alloy smelting method comprises the following steps:
step 1, raw material pretreatment;
step 2, charging: sequentially placing the dried raw materials in the step 1 in a first crystallizer molten pool of a non-consumable arc melting furnace from bottom to top according to the sequence of saturated vapor pressure from high to low;
placing pure metal for purifying oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen into a second crystallizer molten pool of the non-consumable arc melting furnace;
step 3, vacuumizing and washing the furnace: circularly vacuumizing and filling argon into a non-consumable arc melting furnace;
and 4, smelting the pure metal in the second crystallizer molten pool, smelting the raw material in the first crystallizer molten pool for multiple times, and cooling the alloy block to room temperature and discharging the alloy block after remelting for the last time.
Further, in the step 1, the preprocessing includes: weighing raw materials according to the proportion of alloy components, and drying the alloy raw materials.
Further, in the step 1, the raw material is in the form of filaments, granules, strips or blocks.
Further, in the step 2, the pure metal in the second crystallizer molten pool is titanium or zirconium;
the pure metal form is in the form of wire, grain, strip or block.
Further, in the step 4, smelting the pure metal in the second crystallizer molten pool includes: and (3) arcing is carried out on pure metal, the arcing current is 40-50A, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 350-400A at the speed of 15-20A/s after arcing, electromagnetic stirring is started after smelting the pure metal for 1-2 minutes to obtain liquid, the electromagnetic stirring current is 3-5A for 3-5 minutes, and then the electromagnetic stirring and arc extinguishing are stopped.
Further, in the step 4, smelting the raw material in the first melt crystallizer pool for a plurality of times includes:
starting the raw materials, wherein the starting current is 25-35A, uniformly increasing to 150-250A at the speed of 10-15A/s after starting the starting, smelting the raw materials for 1-2 minutes to obtain liquid, starting electromagnetic stirring, and starting the electromagnetic stirring for 3-5A for 3-5 minutes, and then stopping the electromagnetic stirring and arc extinguishing;
after the alloy is cooled, remelting is carried out for 2-3 times, the arcing current is 40-50A in the remelting process, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 350-400A at the speed of 15-20A/s, and the sample is turned over after remelting each time.
Further, in the step 3, vacuum is pumped until the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 2.0X10 -3 Pa, argon is filled to the pressure in the furnace chamber to 0.05-0.06MPa.
Further, in the step 3, the vacuum pumping-argon filling cycle is performed for 2 to 5 times.
Further, the high-manganese superalloy prepared by the method comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe: 28-40%, cr: 14-18%, mn:3-15%, co:1.8 to 3.2 percent of Ti:1.9 to 2.3 percent of Al:1.2 to 1.6 percent, si:0.1 to 0.5 percent, W:0.1 to 0.4 percent, mo:0.3 to 0.7 percent, C:0.05 to 0.09 percent, B: 0.001-0.005% and the balance of Ni.
Further, in the step 2, the placing sequence of the raw materials is as follows: manganese, aluminum, chromium, iron carbide, ferroboron, iron, cobalt, nickel, silicon, titanium, molybdenum and tungsten are sequentially arranged in a first crystallizer molten pool from bottom to top.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the high manganese alloy smelting method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: step 1, raw material pretreatment; step 2, charging: sequentially placing the dried raw materials in the step 1 in a first crystallizer molten pool of a non-consumable arc melting furnace from bottom to top according to the sequence of saturated vapor pressure from high to low; placing pure metal for purifying oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen into a second crystallizer molten pool of the non-consumable arc melting furnace; step 3, vacuumizing and washing the furnace: circularly vacuumizing and filling argon into a non-consumable arc melting furnace; and 4, smelting the pure metal in the second crystallizer molten pool, smelting the raw material in the first crystallizer molten pool for multiple times, and cooling the alloy block to room temperature and discharging the alloy block after remelting for the last time.
Pure metal with strong affinity to oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen is added into a second crystallizer molten pool, and before raw materials are smelted, the pure metal is smelted, and the purity in the whole furnace chamber is ensured by absorbing and washing residual gas in a non-consumable arc smelting furnace through the pure metal and purifying the chamber.
The raw materials in the first crystallizer molten pool are placed in sequence from bottom to top according to the sequence of saturated vapor pressure from high to low, so that the burning loss of the raw materials is reduced, and the yield is improved.
2. In the step 4, the smelting of the raw materials in the molten pool of the first crystallizer for multiple times comprises the following steps: starting the raw materials, wherein the starting current is 25-35A, uniformly increasing to 150-250A at the speed of 10-15A/s after starting the starting, smelting the raw materials for 1-2 minutes to obtain liquid, starting electromagnetic stirring, and starting the electromagnetic stirring for 3-5A for 3-5 minutes, and then stopping the electromagnetic stirring and arc extinguishing; after the alloy is cooled, remelting is carried out for 2-3 times, the arcing current is 40-50A in the remelting process, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 350-400A at the speed of 15-20A/s, and the sample is turned over after remelting each time.
The invention adopts small current to start arc, low speed to raise current and low current to perform first smelting, which can reduce the splashing of alloy element and further improve the yield; and the heavy current is adopted for remelting, and the remelting times are controlled, so that the segregation caused by different densities of alloy elements is reduced as much as possible, and the alloy is prevented from being further burnt.
3. In the smelting method of the high manganese alloy provided by the invention, in the step 2, the arrangement sequence of the raw materials is as follows: manganese, aluminum, chromium, iron carbide, ferroboron, iron, cobalt, nickel, silicon, titanium, molybdenum and tungsten are sequentially arranged in a first crystallizer molten pool from bottom to top. The high manganese alloy provided by the invention has less components of C and B, and the volatilization and burning loss of the C and B can be prevented by adding the C and B in the form of binary alloy of iron carbide and ferroboron, so that the yield of the high manganese alloy is ensured.
The vacuum non-consumable arc smelting process of the high manganese alloy adopts a proper discharging sequence, and by controlling the vacuum degree, the argon pressure, the arcing current, the current rising rate, the smelting current, the smelting time, the electromagnetic stirring current and the stirring time, the volatilization problem of manganese element is reduced while harmful metal and impurity gas are removed, and the component accuracy of other elements of the alloy and the component uniformity of molten steel are ensured. The method is simple to operate, high in melting efficiency, high in process controllability and easy to realize, can meet the requirement of small-batch preparation, and is high in ingot casting quality stability. Mn yield can reach more than 95%.
The invention can be applied to smelting of high-manganese high-temperature alloy for thermal power generating units.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a microstructure of the nickel-base superalloy prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a microstructure of the nickel-base superalloy prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and are not limited to the preferred embodiments described herein, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, any product which is the same or similar to the present invention, whether in light of the present teachings or in combination with other prior art features, falls within the scope of the present invention.
The specific experimental procedures or conditions are not noted in the examples and may be followed by the operations or conditions of conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in this field. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional reagent products commercially available without the manufacturer's knowledge.
A single ingot weighing about 200g was produced by way of example with a rated capacity of 200g x 3 by way of example with vacuum non-consumable arc melting. The raw materials are respectively industrial pure nickel blocks, iron blocks, chromium blocks, titanium particles, cobalt particles, aluminum particles, tungsten particles, molybdenum particles, manganese particles, silicon particles, boron iron particles and iron carbide particles. Pure titanium blocks are selected as pure metals with strong affinity to oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a vacuum non-consumable arc smelting process of high-manganese high-temperature alloy for a thermal power generating unit, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises the following steps:
step 1: pretreating raw materials;
the target components are as follows according to the mass percentage: fe:32%, cr:15%, mn:12%, co:2%, ti:2.1%, al:1.4%, si:0.3%, W:0.2%, mo:0.5%, C:0.07%, B:0.003% of Ni in balance; and drying the raw materials.
Step 2: alloy charging:
according to the saturated vapor pressure from high to low, placing the dried raw materials in the step 1 in a first crystallizer molten pool of a non-consumable arc melting furnace sequentially from bottom to top in the first crystallizer molten pool according to manganese, aluminum, chromium, iron carbide, ferroboron, iron, cobalt, nickel, silicon, titanium, molybdenum and tungsten; pure titanium blocks are placed in a second crystallizer molten pool of a non-consumable arc melting furnace.
Step 3: and (5) vacuumizing and washing the furnace:
the vacuum degree of the non-consumable arc melting furnace is pumped to 1.5 multiplied by 10 by a vacuum pump -3 Pa, then closing a vacuum pump, recharging high-purity argon to enable the argon pressure in the furnace chamber to be 0.055MPa, then closing an argon pressurizing valve, vacuumizing the non-consumable arc melting furnace again, and circulating for 5 times to reduce the content of oxidizing gas in the furnace chamber as much as possible.
Step 4: vacuum non-consumable arc smelting:
moving the tungsten electrode rod to align with a pure titanium block placed in a molten pool of the second crystallizer for arcing, wherein the arcing current is 45A, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 380A at the rate of 20A/s, after the arcing, the pure titanium block is smelted for 1 minute to be liquid, electromagnetic stirring is started, the electromagnetic stirring current is 4A, the time is 4 minutes, a cavity is purified, and then the electromagnetic stirring and the arcing are closed.
Then moving a tungsten electrode rod to align to metal raw materials layered in a molten pool of a first crystallizer for arcing, wherein the arcing current is 30A, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 200A at a rate of 10A/s so as to reduce splashing of alloy elements, smelting the alloy elements for 2 minutes into liquid, starting electromagnetic stirring, and closing electromagnetic stirring and arc quenching after the electromagnetic stirring current is 4A for 4 minutes; after the alloy is cooled, remelting is carried out for 2 times, and further burning loss of the alloy is avoided while segregation caused by different densities of alloy elements is reduced as much as possible. In the remelting process, the arcing current is 45A, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 380A at the rate of 20A/s, the sample is turned over after each remelting, and after the final remelting, the alloy block is cooled to room temperature and then discharged.
The target components and actual components (ICP test) of the alloy of example 1 are shown in table 1, and it is found that the yield of Mn is 95.17%, the yield of Al is 96.43%, the yield of Ti is 93.33%, and the yields of the remaining elements are all greater than 90%. The microstructure of the nickel-base superalloy prepared in example 1 is shown in fig. 2, and the microstructure is uniform and compact, and no obvious air holes exist.
TABLE 1 example 1 target composition and actual composition after smelting (ICP test) (wt%)
| Alloy | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Co | Fe | Ti | Al | B | W | Ni |
| Target object | 0.07 | 0.3 | 12 | 15 | 0.5 | 2 | 32 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 0.003 | 0.2 | Remainder material |
| Actual practice is that of | 0.067 | 0.28 | 11.42 | 14.82 | 0.49 | 1.91 | 30.74 | 1.96 | 1.35 | 0.0028 | 0.19 | Remainder material |
Example 2
The embodiment provides a vacuum non-consumable arc smelting process of high-manganese high-temperature alloy for a thermal power generating unit, which comprises the following steps of:
step 1: pretreating raw materials;
the target components are as follows according to the mass percentage: fe:37%, cr:16%, mn:5%, co:3%, ti:2.1%, al:1.4%, si:0.3%, W:0.2%, mo:0.5%, C:0.07%, B:0.003% of Ni in balance; and (5) drying the alloy raw material.
Step 2: alloy charging;
according to the saturated vapor pressure from high to low, placing the dried raw materials in the step 1 in a first crystallizer molten pool of a non-consumable arc melting furnace sequentially from bottom to top in the first crystallizer molten pool according to manganese, aluminum, chromium, iron carbide, ferroboron, iron, cobalt, nickel, silicon, titanium, molybdenum and tungsten; pure titanium blocks are placed in a second crystallizer molten pool of a non-consumable arc melting furnace.
Step 3: vacuumizing and washing the furnace;
the vacuum degree of the non-consumable arc melting furnace is pumped to 1.7X10 by a vacuum pump -3 Pa, then closing a vacuum pump, recharging high-purity argon to enable the argon pressure in the furnace chamber to be 0.05MPa, then closing an argon pressurizing valve, vacuumizing the non-consumable arc melting furnace again, and circulating for 3 times to reduce the content of oxidizing gas in the furnace chamber as much as possible.
Step 4: vacuum non-consumable arc smelting;
moving the tungsten electrode rod to align with a pure titanium block placed in a molten pool of the second crystallizer for arcing, wherein the arcing current is 40A, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 400A at the rate of 20A/s, after the arcing, the pure titanium block is smelted for 1 minute to be liquid, electromagnetic stirring is started, the electromagnetic stirring current is 5A, the time is 5 minutes, a cavity is purified, and then the electromagnetic stirring and the arcing are closed.
Then moving a tungsten electrode rod to align to metal raw materials layered in a molten pool of a first crystallizer for arcing, wherein the arcing current is 25A, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 250A at the speed of 15A/s so as to reduce splashing of alloy elements, smelting the alloy elements for 1 minute into liquid, starting electromagnetic stirring, and closing electromagnetic stirring and arc quenching after the electromagnetic stirring current is 4A and the time is 5 minutes; after the alloy is cooled, remelting is carried out for 3 times, and further burning loss of the alloy is avoided while segregation caused by different densities of alloy elements is reduced as much as possible. In the remelting process, the arcing current is 40A, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 400A at the rate of 20A/s, the sample is turned over after each remelting, and after the final remelting, the alloy block is cooled to room temperature and then discharged.
The target components and actual components (ICP test) of the alloy of example 2 are shown in table 2, and it is found that the yield of Mn is 98.80%, the yield of Al is 97.14%, the yield of Ti is 95.23%, and the yields of the remaining elements are all greater than 90%. The microstructure of the nickel-base superalloy prepared from the alloy of example 2 is shown in FIG. 3, and the microstructure is uniform and compact, and no obvious air holes exist.
TABLE 2 target composition of alloy of example 2 actual composition after smelting (ICP test) (wt%)
| Alloy | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Co | Fe | Ti | Al | B | W | Ni |
| Target object | 0.07 | 0.3 | 5 | 16 | 0.5 | 3 | 37 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 0.003 | 0.2 | Remainder material |
| Actual practice is that of | 0.068 | 0.28 | 4.94 | 15.1 | 0.49 | 2.92 | 35.74 | 2.0 | 1.36 | 0.0028 | 0.19 | Remainder material |
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a vacuum non-consumable arc smelting process of high-manganese high-temperature alloy for a thermal power generating unit, which comprises the following steps of:
step 1: pretreatment of raw materials:
the target components are as follows according to the mass percentage: fe:32%, cr:15%, mn:12%, co:2%, ti:2.1%, al:1.4%, si:0.3%, W:0.2%, mo:0.5%, C:0.07%, B:0.003% of Ni in balance; and drying the raw materials.
Step 2: alloy charging:
placing the dried raw materials in the step 1 in a first crystallizer molten pool of a non-consumable arc melting furnace from bottom to top in sequence of silicon, cobalt, manganese, ferroboron, iron carbide, titanium, aluminum, chromium, nickel, iron, molybdenum and tungsten; pure titanium blocks are placed in a second crystallizer molten pool of a non-consumable arc melting furnace.
Step 3: and (5) vacuumizing and washing the furnace:
the vacuum degree of the non-consumable arc melting furnace is pumped to 1.5 multiplied by 10 by a vacuum pump -3 Pa, then closing a vacuum pump, recharging high-purity argon to enable the argon pressure in the furnace chamber to be 0.05MPa, then closing an argon pressurizing valve, vacuumizing the non-consumable arc melting furnace again, and circulating for 2 times to reduce the content of oxidizing gas in the furnace chamber as much as possible.
Step 4: vacuum non-consumable arc smelting:
moving the tungsten electrode rod to align with a pure titanium block placed in a molten pool of the second crystallizer for arcing, wherein the arcing current is 45A, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 380A at the rate of 20A/s, after the arcing, the pure titanium block is smelted for 1 minute to be liquid, electromagnetic stirring is started, the electromagnetic stirring current is 4A, the time is 4 minutes, a cavity is purified, and then the electromagnetic stirring and the arcing are closed.
Then moving the tungsten electrode rod to align the metal raw materials layered in the molten pool of the first crystallizer for arcing, wherein the arcing current is 45A, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 380A at the rate of 20A/s, the tungsten electrode rod is smelted for 1 minute to be liquid, then electromagnetic stirring is started, the electromagnetic stirring current is 4A, the time is 4 minutes, and then the electromagnetic stirring and the arc quenching are closed. After the alloy is cooled, 4 times of remelting are carried out, the arcing current 45A is increased to 380A at the speed of 20A/s after arcing in the remelting process, the sample is turned over after each remelting, and after the final remelting, the alloy block is cooled to room temperature and then discharged.
The target components and actual components (ICP test) of the alloy of comparative example 1 are shown in Table 3, and the yield of Mn is 82.58%, the yield of Al is 82.14%, the yield of Ti is 83.81%, and the yields of the other elements are lower than 90%.
TABLE 3 comparative example 1 target composition and actual composition after smelting (ICP test) (wt%)
| Alloy | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | Co | Fe | Ti | Al | B | W | Ni |
| Target object | 0.07 | 0.3 | 12 | 15 | 0.5 | 2 | 32 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 0.003 | 0.2 | Remainder material |
| Actual practice is that of | 0.057 | 0.25 | 9.91 | 13.1 | 0.42 | 1.7 | 26.74 | 1.76 | 1.15 | 0.0023 | 0.17 | Remainder material |
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The smelting method of the high manganese alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, raw material pretreatment;
step 2, charging: sequentially placing the dried raw materials in the step 1 in a first crystallizer molten pool of a non-consumable arc melting furnace from bottom to top according to the sequence of saturated vapor pressure from high to low;
placing pure metal for purifying oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen into a second crystallizer molten pool of the non-consumable arc melting furnace;
step 3, vacuumizing and washing the furnace: circularly vacuumizing and filling argon into a non-consumable arc melting furnace;
step 4, smelting the pure metal in the second crystallizer molten pool, smelting the raw material in the first crystallizer molten pool for multiple times, and cooling the alloy block to room temperature and discharging the alloy block after remelting for the last time;
in the step 4, smelting the raw materials in the first smelting crystallizer pool for a plurality of times comprises:
starting the raw materials, wherein the starting current is 25-35A, the starting current is uniformly increased to 150-250A at the speed of 10-15A/s after starting, smelting the raw materials for 1-2 minutes to obtain liquid, starting electromagnetic stirring, the electromagnetic stirring current is 3-5A, the time is 3-5 minutes, and then closing the electromagnetic stirring and arc quenching;
after the alloy is cooled, remelting is carried out for 2-3 times, the arcing current is 40-50A in the remelting process, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 350-400A at the speed of 15-20A/s, and the sample is turned over after each remelting;
the high-manganese high-temperature alloy prepared by the method comprises the following components in percentage by mass: fe: 28-40%, cr: 14-18%, mn:3-15%, co: 1.8-3.2%, ti: 1.9-2.3%, al: 1.2-1.6%, si: 0.1-0.5%, W: 0.1-0.4%, mo: 0.3-0.7%, C: 0.05-0.09%, B:0.001 to 0.005% and the balance of Ni.
2. The method for smelting high manganese alloy according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment in step 1 comprises: weighing raw materials according to the proportion of alloy components, and drying the alloy raw materials.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 1, the raw material is in the form of wire, grain, bar or block.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the pure metal in the second crystallizer molten pool is titanium or zirconium;
the pure metal form is in the form of wire, grain, strip or block.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 4, melting the pure metal in the second crystallizer molten pool comprises: and (3) arcing is carried out on pure metal, the arcing current is 40-50A, the arcing current is uniformly increased to 350-400A at the speed of 15-20A/s after arcing, electromagnetic stirring is started after the pure metal is smelted for 1-2 minutes to liquid, the electromagnetic stirring current is 3-5A, the time is 3-5 minutes, and then the electromagnetic stirring and the arc quenching are closed.
6. The method for smelting high manganese alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the vacuum is applied to a degree of vacuum of 2.0X10 or less -3 Pa, argon is filled to the pressure in the furnace chamber to 0.05-0.06MPa.
7. The method for smelting high manganese alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the vacuum pumping-argon filling cycle is performed 2 to 5 times.
8. The method for smelting high manganese alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the order of placing the raw materials is as follows: manganese, aluminum, chromium, iron carbide, ferroboron, iron, cobalt, nickel, silicon, titanium, molybdenum and tungsten are sequentially arranged in a first crystallizer molten pool from bottom to top.
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