CN115786666A - Mechanical strengthening device and strengthening method for surface of rolling bearing ring raceway - Google Patents
Mechanical strengthening device and strengthening method for surface of rolling bearing ring raceway Download PDFInfo
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- CN115786666A CN115786666A CN202211537364.4A CN202211537364A CN115786666A CN 115786666 A CN115786666 A CN 115786666A CN 202211537364 A CN202211537364 A CN 202211537364A CN 115786666 A CN115786666 A CN 115786666A
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- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
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Abstract
The invention provides a rolling bearing ring raceway surface mechanical strengthening device and a strengthening method, which belong to the field of surface mechanical strengthening. The device has simple structure and realization process, and the rolling and rolling mode is adopted to lead the plastic deformation of the surface of the roller path to generate dislocation refined grains to form a strengthening layer with residual compressive stress, so that no dust and no cutting scrap are generated in the processing process, and the device is clean and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of surface mechanical strengthening, and particularly relates to a rolling bearing ring raceway surface mechanical strengthening device and a strengthening method.
Background
Surface rolling contact fatigue and surface wear failure are the main failure modes of a bearing, and therefore, the surface quality of the bearing has a large influence on the long-term service of the bearing. In order to further enhance the surface performance of the bearing, the bearing surface, especially the inner and outer ring raceways of the bearing, needs to be strengthened.
The bearing is used as a precision part, has high requirements on the surface quality of the bearing, and is required to strengthen the uniform surface quality and keep higher indexes such as roundness, profile and the like. At present, the existing surface mechanical strengthening technology includes shot blasting, ultrasonic impact strengthening, laser impact strengthening, tool rolling of a rolling wheel connected with a bearing, and the like, but the methods mainly improve the surface quality of the bearing by generating residual compressive stress, wherein the processes of the shot blasting, the ultrasonic impact strengthening and the laser impact strengthening are complex, and the shot blasting and the laser impact strengthening are relatively uneven. The rolling mode of the bearing connected rolling wheel cutter has higher requirement on the rigidity of the cutter, and the cutter is seriously damaged and the manufacturing cost is increased due to higher bearing hardness. Therefore, there is a need for a surface mechanical strengthening device that is simpler and less costly.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a rolling bearing ring raceway surface mechanical strengthening device and a strengthening method, which can solve the technical problems that the rolling bearing in the prior art is uneven after surface mechanical strengthening treatment, and the related strengthening device has a complex structure and relatively high cost.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a rolling bearing ring raceway surface mechanical strengthening device, which includes a numerical control machine tool body, the numerical control machine tool body has a rotation output structure, and further includes a clamping assembly and a strengthening tool assembly, wherein the clamping assembly is configured to circumferentially position an inner circumferential wall of an inner ring or an outer circumferential wall of an outer ring of a rolling bearing and detachably connect with the rotation output structure, the strengthening tool assembly includes a tool shank and a strengthening tool detachably connected to a terminal of the tool shank, the strengthening tool is connected with a tool feeding structure of the numerical control machine tool body, and the strengthening tool is configured to contact, roll-press and roll-grind a raceway of the inner ring or the outer ring so that dislocation refined grains are generated by local plastic deformation of the raceway surface to form a strengthening layer with residual compressive stress.
In some embodiments, the clamping subassembly includes connecting seat, hydraulic pressure supporting seat and hydraulic pressure reducing post, wherein, the connecting seat with rotatory output structure can dismantle the connection, hydraulic pressure supporting seat connect in the connecting seat is kept away from one side of rotatory output structure, hydraulic pressure reducing post connect in hydraulic pressure supporting seat keeps away from one side of connecting seat and its inside hydraulic pressure that has fill annotates the chamber, hydraulic pressure runner has in the hydraulic pressure supporting seat, hydraulic pressure fill annotate the chamber with hydraulic pressure runner forms hydraulic circuit.
In some embodiments, when the clamping assembly is used for positioning the inner ring, the cross section of the hydraulic variable-diameter column is circular, the inner ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential side of the hydraulic variable-diameter column, and an inner ring variable-diameter clamp spring is further sleeved between the inner ring and the hydraulic variable-diameter column; or when the clamping assembly is used for positioning the outer sleeve, the cross section of the hydraulic variable-diameter column is circular, the hydraulic variable-diameter column is sleeved on the outer circumferential side of the outer sleeve, and an outer ring variable-diameter clamp spring is further sleeved between the outer sleeve and the hydraulic variable-diameter column.
In some embodiments, when the clamping assembly is used to position the inner ferrule, the shank is a turning tool shank; or when the clamping assembly is used for positioning the outer ring, the cutter handle is a boring cutter type cutter handle.
In some embodiments, the reinforced cutting tool comprises at least one of a fixed hard reinforced cutting head and a freely rotating reinforced cutting head, both having a rolling ball with a diameter Dd of 2-10mm, corresponding to a dimensional tolerance of 2-10 μm.
In some embodiments, the inner or outer race has the raceway diameter Dg, and 0.5Dg or Dd and 0.8Dg or both.
The invention also provides a mechanical strengthening method for the surface of the raceway of the rolling bearing ring, which is carried out by adopting the mechanical strengthening device for the surface of the raceway of the rolling bearing ring and comprises the following steps:
grinding the surface of a rolling bearing ring raceway to be subjected to strengthening processing and reserving processing allowance with preset thickness in the radial direction of a bearing;
circumferentially positioning the rolling bearing ring through the clamping assembly, and ensuring that the coaxiality between the rolling bearing ring and the hydraulic reducing column is within a preset range;
selecting and assembling a component corresponding to the rolling bearing ring and aligning a strengthening cutter of the strengthening cutter component with a roller path of the rolling bearing ring;
and controlling the rotary output structure to drive the clamping assembly to rotate at a preset rotating speed, and simultaneously controlling the cutter feeding structure to drive the reinforced cutter assembly to feed at a preset feeding speed so that the reinforced cutter rolls and rolls the corresponding roller path at a preset pressing depth, and controlling the reinforced cutter to move from one side end face of the roller path to the other side end face of the roller path in an arc manner.
In some embodiments, the number of the rolling roller path is 1-10, and when rolling is carried out for a plurality of passes, the preset press-in depth of the next pass is greater than that of the previous pass; and/or when the raceway of the inner ring is subjected to strengthening processing, the difference between the inner diameter of the inner ring before processing and the inner diameter of the inner ring after strengthening processing is smaller than 10 mu m, and after strengthening processing, the raceway with the strengthening layer and the corresponding inner diameter are removed by 0-30 mu m in the direction of correcting the radius through fine grinding.
In some embodiments, the predetermined range of coaxiality is 0-10 μm.
In some embodiments, when the material of the inner ring and/or the outer ring is GCr15 or M50 bearing steel, the preset rotating speed is 10-1000mm/s, the preset feeding speed is 0.02-1mm/r, and the preset pressing depth is 10-200 μ M.
The clamping assembly and the strengthening cutter assembly are detachably connected with the related structure of the existing high-precision numerical control machine tool, the strengthening layers of the roller paths respectively arranged on the inner ring or the outer ring of the rolling bearing can be formed, the device structure and the realization process are simple, the rolling and rolling mode is adopted, the plastic deformation of the surface of the roller path is generated, the dislocation is generated, the crystal grains are refined, the strengthening layers with residual compressive stress are formed, no dust is generated in the processing process, no cutting scrap is generated, and the device is clean and environment-friendly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a relative position relationship between a clamping assembly and a strengthening cutter assembly in a rolling bearing ring raceway surface mechanical strengthening device and an inner ring in an operation process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relative position relationship between the clamping assembly, the strengthening cutter assembly and the outer race in the rolling bearing ring raceway surface mechanical strengthening device of the embodiment of the invention during operation;
FIG. 3 is a physical diagram of 7008 bearing inner race ring after surface mechanical strengthening is carried out by adopting the device of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the hardness distribution of the inner race raceway surface of FIG. 3, wherein "surface strengthened bearing" is the hardness of the bearing raceway surface formed by the method and apparatus of the present invention, and "average hardness of conventional bearing surface" is the hardness of the bearing raceway surface formed without the method and apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a physical diagram of 7008 bearing outer race after surface mechanical strengthening is carried out by adopting the device of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a surface contour curve of a bearing raceway of a bearing outer ring machined 7008 by using a tool with larger tolerance in the comparative example 3.
The reference numerals are represented as:
10. an inner ferrule; 11. an inner race raceway; 20. an outer ferrule; 21. an outer race raceway; 301. a connecting seat; 302. a hydraulic support seat; 303. a hydraulic variable diameter column; 304. the inner ring reducing clamp spring; 305. the outer ring reducing snap spring; 41. a turning tool type tool handle; 42. a boring cutter type shank; 5. strengthening the cutter; 6. a lubrication structure.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 6 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a rolling bearing ring raceway surface mechanical strengthening device, including a numerically controlled machine tool body (not shown in the drawings) having a rotation output structure (not shown in the drawings), further including a clamping component (not shown in the drawings) and a strengthening tool component (not shown in the drawings), wherein the clamping component is configured to form a circumferential location on an inner circumferential wall of an inner ring 10 or an outer circumferential wall of an outer ring 20 of a rolling bearing and detachably connect with the rotation output structure, the strengthening tool component includes a tool shank and a strengthening tool 5 detachably connected to a distal end of the tool shank, the strengthening tool 5 is connected with a tool feeding structure of the numerically controlled machine tool body, the strengthening tool 5 is configured to contact and roll with a raceway of the inner ring 10 or the outer ring 20 to enable local plastic deformation of the raceway surface to generate dislocation refined grains to form a strengthening layer with residual compressive stress, it should be noted that the numerically controlled machine tool body in the present invention may adopt a high-precision numerically controlled machine tool in the prior art, and the precision of the numerically controlled machine tool may be selected according to the precision requirement of a bearing to be strengthened and processed. In the technical scheme, the clamping assembly and the strengthening cutter assembly are detachably connected with the related structure of the existing high-precision numerical control machine tool, the strengthening layers of the roller paths respectively arranged on the inner ring 10 or the outer ring 20 of the rolling bearing can be formed, the device structure and the realization process are simple, the rolling and rolling mode is adopted to enable the surface plastic deformation of the roller paths to generate dislocation refining grains, and the strengthening layers with residual compressive stress are formed. In addition, the strengthening cutter 5 is detachably connected to the tail end of the cutter handle and can be replaced independently, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost is low.
In a specific embodiment, the clamping subassembly includes connecting seat 301, hydraulic pressure supporting seat 302 and hydraulic pressure reducing column 303, wherein, connecting seat 301 can dismantle with rotatory output structure and be connected, and hydraulic pressure supporting seat 302 is connected in one side that rotatory output structure was kept away from to connecting seat 301, and hydraulic pressure reducing column 303 connects in one side that connecting seat 301 was kept away from to hydraulic pressure supporting seat 302 and its inside hydraulic pressure that has fills annotates the chamber, has the hydraulic pressure runner in the hydraulic pressure supporting seat 302, and hydraulic pressure fills and annotates the chamber and form hydraulic circuit with the hydraulic pressure runner. In the technical scheme, the change control of the outer diameter or the inner diameter of the hydraulic reducing column 303 is realized by adopting the liquid pressure, and further, the control of utilizing the friction force on the corresponding ferrule in the circumferential direction is realized, the clamping mode has extremely high coaxiality control precision and is extremely convenient to adjust and clamp, and it needs to be noted that the coaxiality between the corresponding ferrule and the hydraulic reducing column 303 is required to be 0-10 mu m in the strengthening method.
Referring to fig. 1, when the clamping assembly is used for positioning an inner sleeve ring 10, the cross section of a hydraulic reducing column 303 is circular, the inner sleeve ring 10 is sleeved on the outer circumference side of the hydraulic reducing column 303, an inner ring reducing snap spring 304 is further sleeved between the inner sleeve ring 10 and the hydraulic reducing column 303, and the inner ring reducing snap spring 304 can be used for increasing the applicable caliber of the hydraulic reducing column 303, generally speaking, the applicable scope of the same hydraulic reducing column 303 is relatively small, and depends on the allowable deformability of the material of the cylindrical shell of the hydraulic reducing column 303, while the excessive deformation demand that the same hydraulic reducing column 303 cannot be applied obviously, in the technical scheme, the inner ring reducing snap spring 304 is arranged between the hydraulic reducing column 303 and the inner sleeve ring 10, so that the larger distance between the outer diameter of the hydraulic reducing column 303 and the inner diameter of the inner sleeve ring 10 can be compensated, and the hydraulic reducing column 303 with different inner diameters can be objectively adapted by replacing the inner ring reducing snap springs 304 with different specifications without replacing the hydraulic reducing columns 303 with different inner diameters, so that the cost of the whole device is further reduced; based on the same principle, when the clamping assembly is used for positioning the outer ferrule 20, the cross section of the hydraulic diameter-changing column 303 is circular, the hydraulic diameter-changing column 303 is sleeved on the outer circumference side of the outer ferrule 20, and the outer ring diameter-changing snap spring 305 is further sleeved between the outer ferrule 20 and the hydraulic diameter-changing column 303, it can be understood that the diameters of the inner ring diameter-changing snap spring 304 and the outer ring diameter-changing snap spring 305 can be increased or decreased (expanded or contracted) under the action of the hydraulic diameter-changing column 303. In a specific embodiment, the clamping assembly can realize hydraulic clamping of the bearing ring with the inner diameter/outer diameter ranging from 10mm to 300 mm.
With continued reference to fig. 1, when the clamping assembly is used for positioning the inner race 10, the tool shank is a turning tool type tool shank 41, and the tail end of the tool shank is connected with a strengthening tool 5, so as to realize the force application from the outer peripheral side of the inner race 10 to the inner race raceway 11 of the inner race 10; alternatively, referring to fig. 2, when the clamping assembly is used to position the outer race 20, the tool holder is a boring tool type tool holder 42, and the end of the tool holder is connected with a strengthening tool 5, so as to apply a force from the inner peripheral side of the outer race 20 to the outer race raceway 21 of the outer race 20.
The reinforced cutter 5 comprises at least one of a fixed hard reinforced cutter head and a free rotary reinforced cutter head, wherein the fixed hard reinforced cutter head and the free rotary reinforced cutter head are both provided with rolling balls, specifically, the fixed hard reinforced cutter head is formed by welding or mechanically fixing the rolling balls made of hard alloy materials into a ball bowl with corresponding size (such as equal diameter), the rolling balls made of hard alloy materials are placed into a smooth ball bowl with the height slightly larger than the radius, and the free rotary reinforced cutter head is formed by ensuring that the roughness inside the ball bowl is lower than 0.2 mu m. The freely rotating reinforced cutter head has the characteristics of low surface roughness, small bearing precision damage, high reinforcing depth and high surface strength. In general, if the rolling bearing requires a deep depth of the reinforcing layer, a freely rotating reinforcing bit is preferably used, and if the rolling bearing requires a high surface hardness, a fixed hard reinforcing bit is preferably used.
In order to guarantee the machining precision of the bearing, in a preferred embodiment, the diameter Dd of the rolling ball is 2-10mm, and the corresponding dimensional tolerance is 2-10 μm. Selecting a rolling ball larger than this range will result in a larger contact surface area and a larger load effect, and will have too high requirements on the rigidity of the machine tool and the cutter, and the corresponding components will easily undergo fatigue deformation to damage the cutter and the machine tool. Selecting rolling balls smaller than the range leads to shallower pressing depth of the rolling balls and smaller effective strengthening depth; in addition, the smaller rolling ball is easy to scratch the surface of the raceway so as to influence the processing precision of the bearing.
Further, the diameter of the raceway of the inner sleeve ring 10 or the outer sleeve ring 20 is Dg, and 0.5Dg and Dd and 0.8Dg are provided so as to ensure the effective construction of the gradient micro-nano structure on the surface of the raceway of the bearing ring. Specifically, the surface gradient micro-nano structure is constructed by the principle that local plastic deformation of the surface is generated and strain accumulation is generated, a strengthening cutter with the size matched with the rolling size is selected, a local hundred-micron-sized contact surface is formed in the machining process, a local stress area (a Hertz-like contact stress area) is formed on the surface of a bearing raceway, and the bearing is strengthened under the action of the strain accumulation. In addition, the cutter and the roller path are in tiny micro-contact, which is beneficial to finding the bearing reference surface to establish the cutter processing path, thereby realizing the precision strengthening processing of the bearing.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a method for mechanically reinforcing a raceway surface of a rolling bearing ring, which is performed by using the above rolling bearing ring raceway surface mechanical reinforcing apparatus, and includes the following steps:
s10, grinding the surface of the raceway of the rolling bearing ring to be strengthened and reserving machining allowance with preset thickness in the radial direction of the bearing, wherein the inner and outer races of the rolling bearing can be machined to the required precision requirement through the grinding treatment, and the machining allowance is used for machining the bearing to the required machining precision (including channel radius tolerance, roundness, profile degree, roughness and the like) through inner and outer diameter fine grinding, raceway super-precision and the like;
s20, circumferentially positioning the rolling bearing ring through the clamping assembly, and ensuring that the coaxiality between the rolling bearing ring and the hydraulic reducing column 303 is within a preset range, wherein in a preferred embodiment, the preset range of the coaxiality is 0-10 microns;
s30, selecting and assembling a component corresponding to the rolling bearing ring and aligning a strengthening cutter 5 of the strengthening cutter component with a raceway of the rolling bearing ring, for example, selecting the strengthening cutter component with a turning cutter type handle when the bearing ring is an inner ring 10, and selecting the strengthening cutter component with a boring cutter type handle when the bearing ring is an outer ring 20;
s40, controlling the rotary output structure to drive the clamping assembly to rotate at a preset rotating speed, simultaneously controlling the cutter feeding structure to drive the strengthening cutter assembly to feed at a preset feeding speed so that the strengthening cutter 5 rolls and grinds the corresponding raceway at a preset pressing depth, reserving a strengthening layer formed by rolling and grinding on a fine grinding allowance with a preset thickness in the radial direction of the bearing, wherein the pass of rolling and grinding the raceway is 1-10, and the process of rolling and grinding the raceway is that a rolling column moves from the end face of one side of the raceway to the end face of the other side of the raceway in an arc manner, and the end faces correspond to the end faces of the ferrules, so that the uniform strengthening of the surface of the raceway is realized.
When rolling and rolling are carried out for a plurality of passes, the preset press-in depth of the next pass is larger than that of the previous pass. The multi-pass processing is beneficial to constructing a deeper strengthening layer (multi-pass strain accumulation) and is not easy to introduce surface damage.
In a specific embodiment, when the material of the inner race 10 and/or the outer race 20 is GGr15 bearing steel or M50 bearing steel, the preset rotation speed is 10-1000mm/s, the preset feeding speed is 0.02-1mm/r, and the preset pressing depth is 10-200 μ M, so as to ensure that the precision of the processed bearing raceway reaches a preset target. By adopting the strengthening method, the precision damage to the inner and outer rings of the rolling bearing is small. Because residual compressive stress is introduced on the surface of the roller path by adopting the processing mode of the strengthening device, residual tensile stress is introduced into the base body of the ferrule in order to balance the action of the residual compressive stress, which can cause a bearing to generate a certain degree of micron-scale deformation in the strengthening processing process, especially aiming at the strengthening processing process of the inner ferrule 10, the inner diameter (namely the diameter of a central through hole) of the inner ferrule is enlarged under the expansion action of the hydraulic reducing column 303 and the inner ring reducing clamp spring 304, therefore, when the roller path of the inner ferrule 10 is strengthened, the difference between the inner diameter of the inner ferrule before processing and the inner diameter of the inner ferrule after strengthening processing is less than 10 mu m (namely the inner diameter before processing is greater than the inner diameter after processing), and after the strengthening processing, the roller path with a strengthening layer and the corresponding inner diameter are removed by 0-30 mu m in the direction of fine grinding correction radius, thereby being beneficial to the maintenance of the precision after the processing of the bearing.
The strengthening device and the strengthening method are particularly suitable for mechanically strengthening and processing the surface of a rolling bearing ring with the radius of a bearing raceway larger than 1mm, the selection requirement on a corresponding processing cutter is reduced, the service life of the cutter is ensured, a smaller processing cutter is required to be adopted for an undersized raceway radius, and the smaller the processing cutter is, the more easily the processing cutter is damaged.
It will be appreciated that the lubrication structure should also be controlled to provide effective cooling of the respective rolling and rolling engagement surfaces during the foregoing machining process.
The hardness of the surface of the bearing raceway formed by the strengthening device and the strengthening method is obviously higher than that of the bearing core, and the bearing raceway has residual compressive stress, so that the rolling contact fatigue resistance and the wear resistance of the surface of the bearing are enhanced.
The strengthening method of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples and comparative examples:
example 1:
the 7008 bearing inner ring is adopted in the invention, the concrete material is GCr15 bearing steel, a 39.97mm reducing clamp spring (namely the inner ring reducing clamp spring 304) is adopted to expand the inner ring, and a free rotary strengthening cutter head with the diameter (namely the diameter of the rolling ball, the same below) of 6mm is utilized to carry out surface mechanical strengthening processing on the inner ring (namely the surface of the roller path, the same below); the processing process is lubricated. The surface strengthening processing parameters are as follows: the tool rotation speed (namely the preset rotation speed, the same below) is 280mm/s, the feeding speed (namely the preset feeding speed) is 0.02mm/r, the single-side press-in depths of 4 passes (namely the preset press-in depth, the same below) are respectively 40 micrometers, 80 micrometers, 120 micrometers and 160 micrometers, and the preset press-in depth of the latter pass is larger than that of the former pass.
FIG. 3 is a physical diagram of the bearing inner ring with mechanically strengthened surface 7008; therefore, the surface of the bearing raceway strengthened by the device is bright, and the surface hardness of the bearing inner ring is obviously improved. The detection shows that the surface hardness of the bearing is improved by 0.4GPa, the depth of the strengthening layer can reach 500 mu m, and the depth of 250 mu m still has 625MPa residual compressive stress. In addition, the precision of the bearing is kept well, a machining allowance of 5 micrometers is reserved in the radius direction, and P4-level precision can be achieved after inner and outer diameter fine grinding, raceway fine grinding and raceway super-precision machining.
Example 2:
the manufacturing method is substantially the same as that of example 1, except that the single-sided preset penetration depth is 40 μm, 80 μm, 120 μm, 160 μm and 200 μm for 5 passes, and the preset penetration depth of the latter pass is greater than that of the former pass.
FIG. 4 shows the hardness distribution of the surface of the inner ring of the bearing 7008 with mechanically strengthened surface and the hardness distribution of the hardened layer is uniform. The detection shows that the surface hardness of the bearing is improved by 0.8GPa. In addition, the bearing precision is kept well, the machining allowance of 20 micrometers is reserved in the radius direction, and the precision of P4 level can be achieved after the inner and outer diameter fine grinding, the roller path fine grinding and the roller path superfinishing.
Example 3:
the 7008 bearing outer ring is adopted in the implementation of the invention, the concrete material is GCr15 bearing steel, a 68.03mm reducing clamp spring is adopted to expand the outer ring, and a fixed strengthening cutter head with the diameter of 4mm is utilized to carry out surface mechanical strengthening processing on the outer ring; the processing process is lubricated. The surface strengthening processing parameters are as follows: the rotating speed of the tool is 340mm/s, the feeding speed is 0.02mm/r, and the single-side pressing depth of 2 passes is 40 micrometers and 80 micrometers respectively.
FIG. 5 is a drawing of a surface mechanically strengthened 7008 bearing outer race; the test shows that the bearing surface hardness is improved by 1.1GPa, the depth of the strengthening layer can reach 300 μm, and the depth of 150 μm still has 1000MPa of residual compressive stress. In addition, the bearing precision is kept well, the machining allowance of 20 micrometers is reserved in the radius direction, and the precision of P4 level can be achieved after the inner and outer diameter fine grinding, the roller path fine grinding and the roller path superfinishing. Particularly, under the action of local plastic deformation, dislocations are continuously multiplied and rearranged to form dislocation walls and cut original martensite laths, so that the surface structure of the bearing raceway is refined into nano crystals, and the characteristic martensite lath spacing of the subsurface layer is refined. According to the Hall-Pacific relationship, feature size decreases and stiffness increases.
Example 4:
the 7026 bearing outer ring is adopted in the implementation of the invention, the concrete material is M50 bearing steel, a 199.98mm reducing snap spring is adopted to expand the outer ring, and a free rotary strengthening cutter head with the diameter of 10mm is utilized to carry out surface mechanical strengthening processing on the outer ring; the processing process is lubricated. The surface strengthening processing parameters are as follows: the tool rotation speed is 1000mm/s, the feeding speed is 1mm/r, the single-side pressing depth is respectively 10 micrometers, 30 micrometers, 50 micrometers, 70 micrometers, 90 micrometers, 110 micrometers, 130 micrometers, 140 micrometers, 150 micrometers and 160 micrometers, and the total processing time is 10 times.
The detection shows that the surface hardness of the bearing is improved. In addition, the bearing precision is kept well, the machining allowance of 30 micrometers is reserved in the radius direction, and the required precision can be achieved after the inner and outer diameter fine grinding, the roller path fine grinding and the roller path fine grinding are carried out.
Example 5:
the 7006 bearing inner ring is adopted in the implementation of the invention, the concrete material is GCr15 bearing steel, the 29.95mm reducing clamp spring is adopted to expand the inner ring, and the surface mechanical strengthening processing is carried out on the inner ring by utilizing a free rotary strengthening cutter head with the diameter of 4 mm; the lubrication is carried out in the processing process. The surface strengthening processing parameters are as follows: the tool rotation speed is 10mm/s, the feed speed is 0.02mm/r, and the single-side press-in depth is 100 micrometers respectively.
The detection shows that the surface hardness of the bearing is improved. In addition, the bearing precision is kept well, a machining allowance of 10 micrometers is reserved in the radius direction, and the required precision can be achieved after the inner and outer diameter fine grinding, the roller path fine grinding and the roller path superfinishing.
Comparative example 1:
the preparation method is basically the same as that of the example 1, except that the fixed type reinforced cutter head is adopted for machining for 4 times, the heat generation in the machining process is serious, and the surface of a sample is abraded.
Comparative example 2:
the method is basically the same as the preparation method of the embodiment 2, except that the hardness of the surface of the sample before and after processing is not obviously changed after the freely-rotating strengthened cutter head is adopted for processing.
Comparative example 3:
the method is basically the same as the preparation method of the embodiment 2, except that a bearing outer ring sample is processed by using a fixed type strengthening cutter head with the tolerance of 100 microns, a boss (shown in a ring in figure 6) appears on a platform on one side of the processed outer ring, the profile degree is as high as 11.3, and the bearing precision is seriously damaged.
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the advantageous features of the above described modes can be freely combined, superimposed and combined without conflict.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a antifriction bearing lasso raceway surface mechanical strengthening device, includes the digit control machine tool body, the digit control machine tool body has rotatory output structure, its characterized in that still includes clamping subassembly and intensive cutter subassembly, wherein, the clamping subassembly be used for to the interior circumference wall of the inner ring (10) of antifriction bearing or the outer circumference wall of outer lasso (20) form the circumference location and with rotatory output structure can dismantle the connection, intensive cutter subassembly include handle of a knife and detachably connect in the terminal intensive cutter (5) of handle of a knife, intensive cutter (5) with the cutter that the digit control machine tool body has feeds the structure and connects, intensive cutter (5) be used for with the raceway contact roll extrusion of inner ring (10) or outer lasso (20) is rolled so that the local plastic deformation production dislocation of raceway surface refines the crystalline grain and forms the strengthening layer that has residual compressive stress.
2. The mechanical strengthening device for the raceway surface of the rolling bearing ring according to claim 1, wherein the clamping assembly comprises a connecting seat (301), a hydraulic supporting seat (302) and a hydraulic reducing column (303), wherein the connecting seat (301) is detachably connected with the rotary output structure, the hydraulic supporting seat (302) is connected to one side of the connecting seat (301) far away from the rotary output structure, the hydraulic reducing column (303) is connected to one side of the hydraulic supporting seat (302) far away from the connecting seat (301) and a hydraulic filling cavity is formed in the hydraulic supporting seat (302), a hydraulic flow channel is formed in the hydraulic supporting seat (302), and the hydraulic filling cavity and the hydraulic flow channel form a hydraulic loop.
3. The mechanical strengthening device for the raceway surface of the rolling bearing ring according to claim 2, wherein when the clamping assembly is used for positioning the inner ring (10), the section of the hydraulic reducing column (303) is circular, the inner ring (10) is sleeved on the outer circumferential side of the hydraulic reducing column (303), and an inner ring reducing snap spring (304) is further sleeved between the inner ring (10) and the hydraulic reducing column (303); or when the clamping assembly is used for positioning the outer sleeve (20), the cross section of the hydraulic variable-diameter column (303) is in a circular ring shape, the hydraulic variable-diameter column (303) is sleeved on the outer circumferential side of the outer sleeve (20), and an outer ring variable-diameter clamp spring (305) is further sleeved between the outer sleeve (20) and the hydraulic variable-diameter column (303).
4. The rolling bearing ring raceway surface mechanical strengthening device of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, when the clamping assembly is used for positioning the inner ring (10), the shank is a turning tool shank (41); or when the clamping assembly is used for positioning the outer ring (20), the cutter handle is a boring cutter type cutter handle (42).
5. Mechanical rolling bearing ring raceway surface strengthening device according to claim 4, characterized in that the strengthening tool (5) comprises at least one of a fixed hard strengthening tool bit, a free rotating strengthening tool bit, both having a rolling ball with a diameter Dd of 2-10mm with a corresponding dimensional tolerance of 2-10 μm.
6. The mechanical strengthening device of the rolling bearing ring raceway surface according to claim 5, characterized in that the inner ring (10) or the outer ring (20) has the raceway having a diameter Dg,0.5Dg < -dd < -0.8dg.
7. A rolling bearing ring raceway surface mechanical strengthening method characterized by being carried out by the rolling bearing ring raceway surface mechanical strengthening device of any one of claims 2 to 6, comprising the steps of:
grinding the surface of a rolling bearing ring raceway to be subjected to strengthening processing and reserving processing allowance with preset thickness in the radial direction of a bearing;
circumferentially positioning the rolling bearing ring through the clamping assembly, and ensuring that the coaxiality between the rolling bearing ring and the hydraulic reducing column (303) is within a preset range;
selecting and assembling a component corresponding to the rolling bearing ring and aligning a strengthening cutter (5) of the strengthening cutter component with a roller path of the rolling bearing ring;
and controlling the rotary output structure to drive the clamping assembly to rotate at a preset rotating speed, and simultaneously controlling the cutter feeding structure to drive the strengthening cutter assembly to feed at a preset feeding speed so that the strengthening cutter (5) rolls and rolls the corresponding roller path at a preset pressing depth, and controlling the strengthening cutter (5) to move to the other side end face of the roller path from one side end face of the roller path in an arc manner.
8. The mechanical strengthening method for the surface of the raceway of the rolling bearing ring according to claim 7, wherein the number of passes of rolling the raceway is 1 to 10, and when rolling is performed for a plurality of passes, the preset press-in depth of the subsequent pass is larger than the preset press-in depth of the previous pass; and/or when the raceway of the inner ring (10) is reinforced, the difference between the inner diameter of the inner ring before processing and the inner diameter of the inner ring after reinforcing is smaller than 10 mu m, and after reinforcing, the raceway with the reinforcing layer and the corresponding inner diameter and the corresponding outer diameter are removed by fine grinding in the direction of correcting the radius by 0-30 mu m.
9. A method of mechanically strengthening a raceway surface of a rolling bearing ring according to claim 8, wherein the predetermined range of coaxiality is 0 to 10 μm.
10. The mechanical strengthening method for the raceway surface of a rolling bearing ring according to claim 9, wherein when the material of the inner ring (10) and/or the outer ring (20) is GCr15 or M50 bearing steel, the preset rotation speed is 10 to 1000mm/s, the preset feed speed is 0.02 to 1mm/r, and the preset press-in depth is 10 to 200 μ M.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211537364.4A CN115786666A (en) | 2022-12-02 | 2022-12-02 | Mechanical strengthening device and strengthening method for surface of rolling bearing ring raceway |
| PCT/CN2023/079187 WO2024113522A1 (en) | 2022-12-02 | 2023-03-02 | Surface mechanical strengthening device and method for raceway of rolling bearing ring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211537364.4A CN115786666A (en) | 2022-12-02 | 2022-12-02 | Mechanical strengthening device and strengthening method for surface of rolling bearing ring raceway |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115786666A true CN115786666A (en) | 2023-03-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211537364.4A Pending CN115786666A (en) | 2022-12-02 | 2022-12-02 | Mechanical strengthening device and strengthening method for surface of rolling bearing ring raceway |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115786666A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024113522A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5534403B2 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2014-07-02 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Bearing rings and rolling bearings |
| CN202643780U (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-01-02 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Single-wheel cutter for processing metal material surface to improve material performance |
| CN103231202A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-08-07 | 赵显华 | Bearing raceway ultrasonic reinforcing method and device |
| CN103331456A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-10-02 | 上海斐赛轴承科技有限公司 | Machining method of rolling bearing formed by whole and precise hard turning and molding of sleeve ring |
| CN105734233B (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2018-02-16 | 山东华云机电科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasound-enhanced method and its application for improving metal works fatigue life |
| CN114406600A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-04-29 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for preparing metal plate with gradient nano structure |
-
2022
- 2022-12-02 CN CN202211537364.4A patent/CN115786666A/en active Pending
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2023
- 2023-03-02 WO PCT/CN2023/079187 patent/WO2024113522A1/en unknown
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| WO2024113522A1 (en) | 2024-06-06 |
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