CN115773923A - System and method for testing I-type interlaminar fracture toughness of composite material - Google Patents
System and method for testing I-type interlaminar fracture toughness of composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115773923A CN115773923A CN202211505875.8A CN202211505875A CN115773923A CN 115773923 A CN115773923 A CN 115773923A CN 202211505875 A CN202211505875 A CN 202211505875A CN 115773923 A CN115773923 A CN 115773923A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material testing, in particular to a system and a method for testing the fracture toughness of an I-type layer of a composite material. In the system, the clamp comprises an upper connecting shaft, a lower connecting shaft, an upper clamp connected with the upper connecting shaft and a lower clamp connected with the lower connecting shaft, wherein the upper clamp is provided with two upper hook-shaped clamping parts bent upwards, and the lower clamp is provided with two lower hook-shaped clamping parts bent downwards; the two vision detectors are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the clamp and are used for detecting the length of a crack generated when the test piece to be tested is subjected to the I-type interlaminar fracture toughness test; the mechanical arm is used for clamping a test piece to be tested, moving the test piece to the clamp and taking the test piece out of the clamp; the mechanical arm is used for moving a test piece to be tested to the clamp, and when the upper hook-shaped clamping part and the upper loading shaft and the lower hook-shaped clamping part and the lower loading shaft are matched, the mechanical universal testing machine is used for driving the upper connecting shaft or the lower connecting shaft to move so as to test the toughness of the I-type discontinuous crack of the test piece to be tested.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material testing, in particular to a system and a method for testing the fracture toughness of an I-type layer of a composite material.
Background
The application of the composite material in the airplane has obvious advantages in the aspects of reducing the weight of the airplane, reducing fuel oil, reducing maintenance cost, prolonging the service life of the airplane and the like. Among these, sensitivity to delamination is a major weakness of many advanced composite structures. Knowledge of the fracture resistance between composite layers is useful for composite product development and material selection. In order to avoid the interference of human factors on the test result, the test industry develops to automatic test.
According to the traditional method, a pin type clamp is used, a mode of manually marking a sample and observing and recording by human eyes is adopted, the problems of data point missing and high data subjectivity exist in the mode, and a gap exists at a pin joint, so that the uniform loading of a load is not facilitated, and the test accuracy rate is difficult to guarantee in the mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a system and a method for testing the fracture toughness of a composite material I-type layer, which can ensure the testing accuracy.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for testing fracture toughness of a composite material type I layer, including:
a mechanical universal testing machine;
the clamp comprises an upper connecting shaft and a lower connecting shaft which are respectively connected with the mechanical universal testing machine, an upper clamp connected with the upper connecting shaft and a lower clamp connected with the lower connecting shaft, wherein the upper clamp is provided with two upper hook-shaped clamping parts which are bent upwards, the lower clamp is provided with two lower hook-shaped clamping parts which are bent downwards, the upper hook-shaped clamping parts are used for coating the outer part of an upper loading shaft of an upper loading block fixed with a test piece to be tested so as to clamp the upper loading shaft, and the lower hook-shaped clamping parts are used for coating the outer part of a lower loading shaft of a lower loading block fixed with the test piece to be tested so as to clamp the lower loading shaft; the test piece to be tested is made of a composite material;
the two visual detectors are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the clamp and are used for detecting the length of a crack generated when the test piece to be tested is subjected to the I-type interlaminar fracture toughness test;
the mechanical arm is used for clamping the test piece to be tested, moving the test piece to the clamp and taking the test piece out of the clamp;
and when the upper hook-shaped clamping part and the upper loading shaft and the lower hook-shaped clamping part and the lower loading shaft are matched, the mechanical universal testing machine is utilized to drive the upper connecting shaft or the lower connecting shaft to move so as to test the toughness of the I-type discontinuous crack of the test piece to be tested.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing a fracture toughness of a composite material type I layer, where the method is applied to a system as in the foregoing embodiment, and the method includes:
horizontally moving the test piece to be tested to the clamp by using the mechanical arm;
matching the upper hook-shaped clamping part with the upper loading shaft and matching the lower hook-shaped clamping part with the lower loading shaft;
driving the upper connecting shaft or the lower connecting shaft to move by using the mechanical universal testing machine so as to test the I-type interlaminar fracture toughness of the test piece to be tested;
and after the test is finished, taking the test piece to be tested out of the clamp by using the mechanical arm.
According to the scheme, the system and the method for testing the I-type interlaminar fracture toughness of the composite material have the following beneficial effects:
the tail end of a test piece to be tested is clamped by the mechanical arm, the loading shaft of the loading block fixed with the test piece to be tested (namely the upper loading shaft of the upper loading block and the lower loading shaft of the lower loading block) is placed on the clamp with the upper hook-shaped clamping part and the lower hook-shaped clamping part, then the mechanical arm and the mechanical universal testing machine are cooperatively operated, the video detector synchronously records the crack expansion condition, so that the automatic test of the fracture toughness of the I-type layer of the composite material can be realized, and the test accuracy can be ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for testing fracture toughness of a composite material I-type layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a test piece to be tested and a fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a clamp provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a test piece to be tested according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a state change diagram of a test piece to be tested and a fixture in the method for testing the fracture toughness of the composite material layer I according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows:
10-a test piece to be tested;
101-load block;
102-an upper loading shaft;
103-a lower load block;
104-lower loading shaft;
1-mechanical universal tester;
2-clamping;
21-upper connecting shaft;
22-a lower connecting shaft;
23-upper clamp;
231-upper hook-shaped clamping part;
24-a lower clamp;
241-lower hook-shaped clamping part;
3-a vision detector;
4-mechanical arm.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more complete, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention, and based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for testing fracture toughness of a composite material I-type layer, the system includes a mechanical universal tester 1, a fixture 2, two vision detectors 3, and a mechanical arm 4, wherein:
the clamp 2 comprises an upper connecting shaft 21 and a lower connecting shaft 22 which are respectively connected with the mechanical universal testing machine 1, an upper clamp 23 connected with the upper connecting shaft 21 and a lower clamp 24 connected with the lower connecting shaft 22, wherein the upper clamp 23 is provided with two upward bent upper hook-shaped clamping parts 231, the lower clamp 24 is provided with two downward bent lower hook-shaped clamping parts 241, the upper hook-shaped clamping parts 231 are used for coating the outer part of an upper loading shaft 102 of an upper loading block 101 fixed with the test piece 10 to be tested so as to clamp the upper loading shaft 102, and the lower hook-shaped clamping parts 241 are used for coating the outer part of a lower loading shaft 104 of a lower loading block 103 fixed with the test piece 10 to be tested so as to clamp the lower loading shaft 104; wherein, the test piece 10 to be tested is made of composite material;
the two vision detectors 3 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the clamp, and the vision detectors 3 are used for detecting the length of cracks generated when the test piece 10 to be tested is subjected to the I-type interlaminar fracture toughness test;
the mechanical arm 4 is used for clamping a test piece 10 to be tested, moving the test piece to the clamp and taking the test piece out of the clamp;
the mechanical arm 4 is used for moving the test piece 10 to be tested to the clamp, and when the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231 and the upper loading shaft 102 and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241 and the lower loading shaft 104 are matched, the mechanical universal testing machine 1 is used for driving the upper connecting shaft 21 or the lower connecting shaft 22 to move, so that the test piece 10 to be tested is subjected to I-type interlaminar fracture toughness testing.
In this embodiment, the tail end of the test piece 10 to be tested is clamped by the mechanical arm 4, the loading shaft of the loading block fixed to the test piece 10 to be tested (i.e., the upper loading shaft 102 of the upper loading block 101 and the lower loading shaft 104 of the lower loading block 103) is placed on the fixture 2 having the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231 and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241, and then the mechanical arm 4 and the mechanical universal testing machine 1 cooperate to record the crack propagation condition synchronously by the video detector 3, so that the automatic test of the fracture toughness of the composite material I-type layer can be realized, and the test accuracy can be ensured.
Specifically, the video detector 3, an optical device, is used for recording and reading the propagation length of the crack, so that subjective errors of human eyes are avoided; the loading shaft of the loading block fixed with the test piece 10 to be tested is placed on the fixture 2 with the upper hook-shaped clamping part 231 and the lower hook-shaped clamping part 241 (namely, the upper loading shaft 102 is concentric with the upper hook-shaped clamping part 231, and the lower loading shaft 104 is concentric with the lower hook-shaped clamping part 241), so that the advantage of uniform load transmission is achieved; the automatic design is integrated into the test, the mechanical arm 4 is used for replacing a manual bolt to sample, and the test efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, the vision detector 3 faces both sides of the test piece 10 to be tested, and the accuracy of the video detector is greater than or equal to 0.5mm.
In some embodiments, the upper loading block 101 and the lower loading block 103 are fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the test piece 10 to be tested by gluing, respectively, while the upper loading shaft 102 and the upper loading block 101 may be fixed by welding, integral casting and loading shaft fitting perforation loading block, and similarly, the lower loading shaft 104 and the lower loading block 103 may also be fixed by welding, integral casting and loading shaft fitting perforation loading block. The test piece 10 to be tested is of an integrated structure, the material of the test piece is a composite material with a middle layer carrying a plastic film, and the clamp 2 is used for exerting tension on the upper loading shaft 102 and the lower loading shaft 104, so that cracks gradually appear in the middle layer of the test piece 10 to be tested (namely the upper layer and the lower layer of the test piece 10 to be tested are gradually separated from one end until the length of the cracks reaches a limit value (namely the second preset length below), and the test piece 10 to be tested is subjected to I-type interlaminar fracture toughness test.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231 and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241 are semicircular in outline, and the semicircular apertures of the two are equal and the centers of the semicircular circles are located on the same vertical line, so as to ensure that the loads transmitted to the test piece 10 to be tested are also on the same vertical line.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a vertical distance between the semicircular centers of the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231 and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241 is greater than 1.5 times of a sum of thicknesses of the upper loading block 101, the test piece 10 to be tested, and the lower loading block 103, so that it can be ensured that the test piece 10 to be tested can rotate after the upper loading shaft 102 is placed on the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231, and the test piece 10 to be tested and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241 do not interfere with each other.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the edges of the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231 and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241 are both provided with rounded corners, so as to prevent the test piece 10 to be tested from interfering with the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241 when rotating.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a horizontal distance between the two upper hook-shaped clamping portions 231 is different from a horizontal distance between the two lower hook-shaped clamping portions 241, and the two upper hook-shaped clamping portions 231 may be located between the two lower hook-shaped clamping portions 241 or the two lower hook-shaped clamping portions 241 may be located between the two upper hook-shaped clamping portions 231, so that it is ensured that the test piece 10 to be tested is fully stressed and it is beneficial to avoid the test piece 10 to be tested from interfering with the lower hook-shaped clamping portions 241 when the test piece 10 to be tested rotates.
In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for testing fracture toughness of a composite material layer I, which is applied to the system for testing fracture toughness of a layer I mentioned in any one of the above embodiments, and the method includes:
horizontally moving a test piece 10 to be tested to the clamp 2 by using the mechanical arm 4;
the upper hook-shaped clamping part 231 is matched with the upper loading shaft 102, and the lower hook-shaped clamping part 241 is matched with the lower loading shaft 104;
driving the upper connecting shaft 21 or the lower connecting shaft 22 to move by using the mechanical universal testing machine 1 so as to test the I-type interlaminar fracture toughness of the test piece 10 to be tested;
after the test is completed, the test piece 10 to be tested is taken out of the jig 2 by the robot arm 4.
In this embodiment, the tail end of the test piece 10 to be tested is clamped by the mechanical arm 4, the loading shaft of the loading block fixed to the test piece 10 to be tested (i.e., the upper loading shaft 102 of the upper loading block 101 and the lower loading shaft 104 of the lower loading block 103) is placed on the fixture 2 having the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231 and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241, and then the mechanical arm 4 and the mechanical universal testing machine 1 cooperate to record the crack propagation condition synchronously by the video detector 3, so that the automatic test of the fracture toughness of the composite material I-type layer can be realized, and the test accuracy can be ensured.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of "making the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231 and the upper loading shaft 102 and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241 and the lower loading shaft 104 complete the matching" may specifically include:
the distance between the upper clamp 23 and the lower clamp 24 is made larger than a preset distance;
placing the upper loading shaft 102 in the upper hook-shaped clamping part 231 by using the mechanical arm 4, so that the upper hook-shaped clamping part 231 is matched with the upper loading shaft 102;
the tail end of a test piece 10 to be tested is clamped by the mechanical arm 4 and rotates upwards for a preset angle around the upper loading shaft 102, and the clamping state of the mechanical arm 4 is kept;
the lower connecting shaft 22 is driven by the mechanical universal testing machine 1 to move upwards;
clamping the tail end of a test piece 10 to be tested by using a mechanical arm 4, and rotating the tail end downwards around an upper loading shaft 102 to a horizontal state;
the mechanical universal testing machine 1 is used for driving the lower connecting shaft 22 to move downwards until the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241 is matched with the lower loading shaft 104, and the clamping state of the mechanical arm 4 is released, so that the mechanical arm 4 supports the test piece 10 to be tested.
In the embodiment, the upper loading shaft 102 and the lower loading shaft 104 are allowed to enter the fixture 2 (i.e. without interference of the lower fixture 24) in the above manner, then the test piece 10 to be tested is controlled to rotate upward by a preset angle, then the lower fixture 24 is moved upward, and finally the test piece 10 to be tested is rotated downward to a horizontal state, so that the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231 and the upper loading shaft 102 and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241 and the lower loading shaft 104 can be matched.
In some embodiments, the preset distance may be any value from 20mm to 30mm, which is not limited herein.
In some embodiments, the preset angle may be any angle between 45 ° and 75 °, which is not limited herein.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of using the mechanical universal testing machine 1 to drive the upper connecting shaft 21 or the lower connecting shaft 22 to move so as to perform the I-type interlaminar fracture toughness test on the test piece 10 to be tested may specifically include:
utilizing the mechanical universal testing machine 1 to drive the upper connecting shaft 21 to move upwards or drive the lower connecting shaft 22 to move downwards until the vision detector 3 detects that the crack of the test piece 10 to be tested reaches a first preset length;
utilizing the mechanical universal testing machine 1 to drive the upper connecting shaft 21 to move downwards or drive the lower connecting shaft 22 to move upwards until the load between the upper clamp 23 and the lower clamp 24 is zero;
utilizing the mechanical universal testing machine 1 to drive the upper connecting shaft 21 to move upwards or drive the lower connecting shaft 22 to move downwards, and recording current load data of the mechanical universal testing machine 1 when the vision detector 3 detects that the crack of the test piece 10 to be tested reaches a preset step length until the crack length of the test piece 10 to be tested reaches a second preset length; wherein the second preset length is greater than the first preset length.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first preset length is 5mm, the preset step size is 1mm, and the second preset length is 50mm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step "taking out the test piece 10 to be tested from the fixture 2 by using the robot arm 4 after completing the test" may specifically include:
after the test is finished, the mechanical universal testing machine 1 is used for driving the upper connecting shaft 21 to move downwards or driving the lower connecting shaft 22 to move upwards so as to unload the load of the test piece 10 to be tested;
after the unloading is completed, the test piece 10 to be tested is taken out of the jig 2 by the robot arm 4.
The method of the type I fracture toughness test is described below with reference to fig. 5.
The specification of a test piece 10 to be tested is 330mm × 24mm × 3mm (namely, length, width and height), the specifications of an upper loading block 101 and a lower loading block 103 are both 20mm × 24mm × 10mm (namely, length, width and height), an upper loading shaft 102 is fixed on the upper loading block 101, a lower loading shaft 104 is fixed on the lower loading block 103, and the upper loading block 101 and the lower loading block 103 are respectively adhered to the upper surface and the lower surface of the test piece 10 to be tested before testing to form a remanufactured test piece (see fig. 4); an upper connecting shaft 21 of an upper clamp 23 and a lower connecting shaft 22 of a lower clamp 24 of a modified clamp 2 (see fig. 3) are mounted on a mechanical universal tester 1, the distance between the upper clamp 23 and the lower clamp 24 is opened to 35mm (i.e. 35 > (10 + 3) } 1.5= 34.5), and a schematic diagram of the completion of the preparation work is shown in fig. 1. The following describes the automated testing steps (dotted line is the original state, solid line is the state after executing the action), and the specific steps are as follows:
step S1, moving a mechanical arm 4, clamping the tail end of a test piece 10 to be tested, keeping the test piece 10 to be tested horizontal, and adjusting the angle of the test piece 10 to be tested by the mechanical arm 4 to ensure that the side surface of the test piece 10 to be tested is opposite to two visual detectors 3, as shown in the state (1) of figure 5;
step S2, the mechanical arm 4 clamps the test piece 10 to be tested and moves, and the upper loading shaft 102 of the test piece 10 to be tested is placed on the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231 in the middle, as shown in the state (2) of fig. 5;
step S3, keeping the upper loading shaft 102 placed on the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231, rotating the tail end of the test piece 10 to be tested clamped by the mechanical arm 4 upwards by 60 degrees around the upper loading shaft 102, and keeping the mechanical arm 4 in a clamping state after the rotation, as shown in state (3) of fig. 5;
s4, responding to the last action completion information of the mechanical arm 4 by the mechanical universal testing machine 1, and vertically moving the lower connecting shaft 22 upwards by 30mm in the state shown as the No. 4 in the figure 5;
step S5, the tail end of the test piece 10 to be tested clamped by the mechanical arm 4 rotates downwards by 60 degrees around the upper loading shaft 102, the test piece 10 to be tested is returned to the horizontally placed state, the mechanical arm 4 still keeps the clamped state after the rotation, and the circle center of the lower hook-shaped clamping part 241 and the circle center of the lower loading shaft 104 are on the same vertical line at the moment, as shown in the state of No. 5 in FIG. 5;
step S6, the mechanical universal testing machine 1 responds to the last action completion information of the mechanical arm 4, the lower connecting shaft 22 vertically moves downwards for 5mm, then the mechanical arm 4 is loosened, at this time, the upper loading shaft 102 and the lower loading shaft 104 are respectively hooked by the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231 and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241 (namely, the matching is completed), the test piece 10 to be tested is relatively stable, but the mechanical arm 4 does not move, and only serves as a support point to support the test, as shown in the state (6) of fig. 5;
s7, continuously moving the lower connecting shaft 22 downwards at the speed of 1-5 mm/min, simultaneously starting recording by the vision detector 3, and stopping the downward movement of the lower connecting shaft 22 until the crack propagation of the test piece 10 to be tested reaches 5mm, as shown in the state of No. 7 in figure 5;
s8, keeping the test state, unloading the lower connecting shaft 22 at the speed of not higher than 25mm/min until the load is zero, then loading the lower connecting shaft 22 again at the speed of 1-5 mm/min, simultaneously starting recording by the visual detector 3, and recording load data once every 1mm of crack expansion until the total length of the lamination from the tip of the prefabricated crack reaches 50mm, as shown in the state of No. (8) in FIG. 5;
step S9, after the test is finished, a host of the mechanical universal testing machine 1 records test data, the lower connecting shaft 22 is unloaded at a speed not higher than 25mm/min, the mechanical arm 4 clamps the tail end of the test piece 10 to be tested again, the mechanical universal testing machine 1 responds to the last action completion information of the mechanical arm 4, and the lower connecting shaft 22 vertically moves upwards by 5mm, as shown in the state of No. 9 in FIG. 5;
step S10, keeping the upper loading shaft 102 placed on the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231, and rotating the tail end of the test piece 10 to be tested clamped by the mechanical arm 4 upwards by 60 ° around the upper loading shaft 102, at this time, the lower loading shaft 104 is separated from the area of the lower hook-shaped clamping portion 241, and the mechanical arm 4 still keeps a clamping state after rotation, as shown in state (10) of fig. 5;
step S11, the lower connecting shaft 22 moves downward by 25mm, and then the mechanical arm 4 clamps the test piece 10 to be tested to separate from the upper hook-shaped clamping portion 231, and places the test piece 10 to be tested, which is tested, at a fixed recovery point, as shown in the state of (11) in fig. 5.
Of course, after the mechanical arm 4 clamps the test piece 10 to be tested into the fixture 2, the upper connecting shaft 21 moves upward and/or the lower connecting shaft 22 moves downward, so that the upper loading shaft 102 and the lower loading shaft 104 connected with the test piece 10 to be tested can be matched, and then the I-type interlaminar fracture toughness test is performed. That is, this approach eliminates the need to rotate the test piece 10 to be tested.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it is to be noted that: the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for testing the fracture toughness of a composite material I-type layer, comprising:
a mechanical universal tester (1);
the clamp (2) comprises an upper connecting shaft (21) and a lower connecting shaft (22) which are respectively connected with the mechanical universal testing machine (1), an upper clamp (23) connected with the upper connecting shaft (21) and a lower clamp (24) connected with the lower connecting shaft (22), wherein the upper clamp (23) is provided with two upward bent upper hook-shaped clamping parts (231), the lower clamp (24) is provided with two downward bent lower hook-shaped clamping parts (241), the upper hook-shaped clamping parts (231) are used for wrapping the outer part of an upper loading shaft (102) of an upper loading block (101) fixed with a test piece to be tested (10) to clamp the upper loading shaft (102), and the lower hook-shaped clamping parts (241) are used for wrapping the outer part of a lower loading shaft (104) of a lower loading block (103) fixed with the test piece to be tested (10) to clamp the lower loading shaft (104); wherein the test piece (10) to be tested is made of a composite material;
the two vision detectors (3) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the clamp, and the vision detectors (3) are used for detecting the length of cracks generated when the test piece (10) to be tested is subjected to an I-type interlaminar fracture toughness test;
the mechanical arm (4) is used for clamping the test piece (10) to be tested to move to the clamp and take out of the clamp;
the mechanical arm (4) is utilized to move the test piece (10) to be tested to the clamp, when the upper hook-shaped clamping portion (231) is matched with the upper loading shaft (102) and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion (241) is matched with the lower loading shaft (104), the mechanical universal testing machine (1) is utilized to drive the upper connecting shaft (21) or the lower connecting shaft (22) to move, and therefore I-shaped interlaminar fracture toughness testing is conducted on the test piece (10) to be tested.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the upper hook-shaped clamping portion (231) and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion (241) are semicircular in outline, and the semicircular apertures of the upper hook-shaped clamping portion and the lower hook-shaped clamping portion are equal and the centers of the semicircular apertures are located on the same vertical line.
3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the vertical distance of the semi-circular centers of the upper and lower hook-shaped clamping portions (231, 241) is greater than 1.5 times the sum of the thicknesses of the upper loading block (101), the test piece to be tested (10) and the lower loading block (103).
4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the edges of the upper and lower hook-shaped clamping portions (231, 241) are each provided with a rounded corner.
5. System according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the horizontal distance between two upper hook-like grip portions (231) and the horizontal distance between two lower hook-like grip portions (241) are different, and that two upper hook-like grip portions (231) may be located between two lower hook-like grip portions (241) or two lower hook-like grip portions (241) may be located between two upper hook-like grip portions (231).
6. A method for testing the fracture toughness of a composite material layer I, applied to a system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
horizontally moving the test piece (10) to be tested to the clamp (2) by using the mechanical arm (4);
matching the upper hook-shaped clamping part (231) with the upper loading shaft (102) and matching the lower hook-shaped clamping part (241) with the lower loading shaft (104);
the mechanical universal testing machine (1) is utilized to drive the upper connecting shaft (21) or the lower connecting shaft (22) to move, so that I-type interlaminar fracture toughness of the test piece (10) to be tested is tested;
after the test is finished, the test piece (10) to be tested is taken out of the clamp (2) by using the mechanical arm (4).
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein said bringing into engagement both said upper hook clamp (231) with said upper loading shaft (102) and said lower hook clamp (241) with said lower loading shaft (104) comprises:
making the distance between the upper clamp (23) and the lower clamp (24) larger than a preset distance;
placing the upper loading shaft (102) in the upper hook-shaped clamping part (231) by using the mechanical arm (4) so as to enable the upper hook-shaped clamping part (231) to be matched with the upper loading shaft (102);
the tail end of the test piece (10) to be tested is clamped by the mechanical arm (4) and rotates upwards for a preset angle around the upper loading shaft (102), and the clamping state of the mechanical arm (4) is kept;
the lower connecting shaft (22) is driven to move upwards by the mechanical universal testing machine (1);
clamping the tail end of the test piece (10) to be tested by using the mechanical arm (4), and rotating downwards around the upper loading shaft (102) to a horizontal state;
and driving the lower connecting shaft (22) to move downwards by using the mechanical universal testing machine (1) until the lower hook-shaped clamping part (241) is matched with the lower loading shaft (104), and releasing the clamping state of the mechanical arm (4) to support the test piece (10) to be tested by using the mechanical arm (4).
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the mechanical universal tester (1) is used for driving the upper connecting shaft (21) or the lower connecting shaft (22) to move so as to test the I-type interlaminar fracture toughness of the test piece (10) to be tested, and the method comprises the following steps:
driving the upper connecting shaft (21) to move upwards or driving the lower connecting shaft (22) to move downwards by using the mechanical universal testing machine (1) until the vision detector (3) detects that the crack of the test piece (10) to be tested reaches a first preset length;
driving the upper connecting shaft (21) to move downwards or driving the lower connecting shaft (22) to move upwards by using the mechanical universal testing machine (1) until the load between the upper clamp (23) and the lower clamp (24) is zero;
driving the upper connecting shaft (21) to move upwards or driving the lower connecting shaft (22) to move downwards by using the mechanical universal testing machine (1), and recording current load data of the mechanical universal testing machine (1) when the visual detector (3) detects that the crack of the test piece (10) to be tested reaches a preset step length until the crack length of the test piece (10) to be tested reaches a second preset length; wherein the second preset length is greater than the first preset length.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the first predetermined length is 5mm, the predetermined step size is 1mm, and the second predetermined length is 50mm.
10. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein said removing the test piece (10) to be tested from the jig (2) after completion of the test using the robotic arm (4) comprises:
after the test is finished, the mechanical universal testing machine (1) is utilized to drive the upper connecting shaft (21) to move downwards or drive the lower connecting shaft (22) to move upwards so as to unload the load of the test piece (10) to be tested;
after unloading is finished, the test piece (10) to be tested is taken out of the clamp (2) by using the mechanical arm (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211505875.8A CN115773923A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | System and method for testing I-type interlaminar fracture toughness of composite material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211505875.8A CN115773923A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | System and method for testing I-type interlaminar fracture toughness of composite material |
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| CN115773923A true CN115773923A (en) | 2023-03-10 |
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| CN202211505875.8A Pending CN115773923A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | System and method for testing I-type interlaminar fracture toughness of composite material |
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| CN (1) | CN115773923A (en) |
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