CN115773492A - Wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for quick start of waste heat boiler of gas turbine - Google Patents

Wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for quick start of waste heat boiler of gas turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115773492A
CN115773492A CN202211585800.5A CN202211585800A CN115773492A CN 115773492 A CN115773492 A CN 115773492A CN 202211585800 A CN202211585800 A CN 202211585800A CN 115773492 A CN115773492 A CN 115773492A
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steam drum
pressure
nitrogen
waste heat
water
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冯向东
何飞德
俞军霞
张贺
娄宝辉
徐浩然
沈叔云
刘林
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Zhejiang Energy Group Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • Y02P20/129Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The invention relates to a wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for quickly starting a waste heat boiler of a combustion engine, which comprises the following steps of: closing each isolation valve; the pH value of the liquid in the deoxygenation water tank is increased; continuously monitoring the water supply by using a water supply dissolved oxygen online instrument; after the pressure of the high-pressure steam drum and the low-pressure steam drum is reduced to be below a threshold value, performing ammonia adding operation on the steam drum, and performing forced circulation during the ammonia adding period to improve the pH value of liquid in the high-pressure steam drum and the low-pressure steam drum; starting a nitrogen generator, then opening nitrogen supply valves of all systems, monitoring the pressure of a steam drum, adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator in real time, and maintaining the pressure in the steam drum; and (4) further reducing the temperature of the steam drum, starting the deoxygenation water tank, maintaining the liquid level of the steam drum and simultaneously adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator to maintain the pressure. The beneficial effects of the invention are: the invention shortens the start-stop time of the gas turbine set, realizes quick start-stop, isolates the outside air and inhibits the corrosion of dissolved oxygen.

Description

Wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for quick start of waste heat boiler of gas turbine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy application technology and environmental protection and energy conservation, in particular to a wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for quick start of a gas turbine waste heat boiler.
Background
The rapid development of the global economic society promotes the demand of people on energy, and along with the upgrading and the transformation of industrial structures, the electricity utilization structure is greatly changed, and correspondingly, more and more large-capacity generator sets participate in peak shaving operation to meet the real-time requirements of different electricity consumption. The peak regulation operation requires the characteristics of high start-stop speed and flexible reaction of the unit. The gas unit has the advantages of high efficiency, cleanness and environmental protection, and the loading capacity is increased year by year. However, due to reasons such as power grid planning, gas sources and gas prices, gas turbine units in China are mostly in daily start-stop modes, and higher requirements are put forward for quick start-stop of the units. At present, the gas turbine set generally has the outstanding problems of long start-stop time, corrosion of equipment and the like. On one hand, the peak regulation capability of the unit is restricted, and the stable operation of a power grid is not facilitated; on the other hand, because the starting speed of the unit is low, the boiler needs to consume more fuel, and the power generation cost of enterprises is greatly increased. Therefore, on the background that the peak regulation demand of the current power grid is increasingly increased and energy is in short supply, the running speed of the generator set during starting, stopping and load changing is improved, and the safe and economic running of the generator set is realized, so that the method is more and more urgent and important for a power plant.
As one of three main devices of the gas-steam combined cycle power station, a waste heat boiler (HRSG) is arranged between a gas turbine and a steam turbine, is a key point for optimizing the whole system and matching each main subsystem, and plays a role in starting and stopping. Its structure, performance and parameters greatly affect the performance of other devices in the system and even the entire system. Therefore, in order to comprehensively improve the technical level of the gas-steam combined cycle and realize the optimal design of the system, the deep research of the waste heat boiler is very important.
In the starting and stopping process of a gas turbine set, the main process adopted at present is to discharge water when the temperature of boiler water is reduced to 100-120 ℃. After the water is discharged completely, the internal surface of the boiler is dried by utilizing the residual heat in the boiler. The method has simple operation process flow, however, when the boiler needs to be restarted, water needs to be injected again, the aim of quick start and stop cannot be achieved while water resources are wasted, and in addition, the boiler is easy to form dissolved oxygen corrosion and the like due to the fact that air enters in the water discharging process. Therefore, the research on the starting, stopping and maintaining method applicable to the waste heat boiler of the gas turbine unit has important significance in realizing the quick starting and stopping of the unit and inhibiting the dissolved oxygen corrosion of the boiler.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for quickly starting a waste heat boiler of a combustion engine.
The start-stop process of the waste heat boiler of the current gas turbine power plant mainly comprises the steps of after the temperature of the boiler is reduced, then discharging water, leading to inevitable leakage of outside air into the boiler due to negative pressure generated inside the boiler, corroding the inner wall of the boiler, and when the boiler needs to be restarted, washing the inner wall with a large amount of water after chemical cleaning, and increasing the cost and wasting water resources. The method provided by the invention fills nitrogen while the boiler does not drain water, ensures the pressure in the boiler, fundamentally prevents outside air from entering, can save water resources and inhibit corrosion of the inner wall, and can meet the working condition requirement before starting only by adjusting the pressure and not filling nitrogen when the boiler needs to be started quickly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
step 1: closing each isolation valve from the high-pressure system to the boiler flash tank;
step 2: supplementing water to the deoxygenation water tank, keeping the deoxygenation circulating pump running, utilizing waste heat to deoxygenate, keeping the water temperature of the deoxygenation water tank, and simultaneously carrying out ammonia adding operation on the deoxygenator to improve the pH value;
and step 3: continuously monitoring the water supply by using a water supply dissolved oxygen online instrument, and stopping a circulating pump of the deoxygenation water tank when the dissolved oxygen of the water supply is less than 20 ppb;
and 4, step 4: when the temperature of the wall of the high-pressure steam drum is reduced to be below 100 ℃, water supplementing operation is carried out, and the water is supplemented to be more than 0 mm;
and 5: after the pressure of the high-pressure steam drum and the low-pressure steam drum is reduced to be below 0.3MPa, carrying out ammonia addition operation on the steam drum, carrying out forced circulation during the strengthening period, and increasing the pH value;
step 6: starting a nitrogen generator, starting nitrogen supply valves of all systems, monitoring the pressure of a steam drum, adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator in real time, and maintaining the pressure in the steam drum;
and 7: and (4) further reducing the temperature of the steam drum, starting the deoxygenation water tank, maintaining the liquid level of the steam drum and simultaneously adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator to maintain the pressure.
Preferably, in the step 2, the temperature of the deoxygenation water tank is kept between 110 ℃ and 150 ℃; the pH index of the ammonia adding operation is controlled to be 8.8-9.5.
Preferably, in the step 2, the temperature of the deoxygenation water tank is kept between 110 ℃ and 120 ℃, and the pH index of the ammonia adding operation is controlled between 8.8 and 9.3.
Preferably, in step 5, the pH index of the drum for the ammoniation operation is controlled to be 9.3-9.8.
Preferably, in step 5, the pH index of the drum for the ammonia addition is controlled to be 9.5-9.8.
Preferably, in step 6, the nitrogen generator directly obtains nitrogen from the compressed air by means of Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA).
Preferably, in the step 6, the pressure of the steam pocket after the nitrogen is filled by the nitrogen making machine is maintained at 0.1-0.5MPa.
Preferably, in the step 6, the pressure of the steam pocket after the nitrogen is filled by the nitrogen making machine is maintained at 0.1-0.3MPa.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The start-stop time of the gas turbine set is shortened, and the gas turbine set is started and stopped quickly.
(2) Isolating the outside air and inhibiting the corrosion of dissolved oxygen.
(3) The original water of the boiler is not discharged outside and is not wasted, and water resources are saved.
(4) And no wastewater is discharged in the maintenance process of the boiler, so that zero discharge of the wastewater is realized.
(5) Chemical cleaning is not needed before the waste heat boiler is restarted, and manpower and material resource costs are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for rapid startup of a gas turbine exhaust-heat boiler;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the waste heat boiler;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a waste heat boiler;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a nitrogen generation process;
description of reference numerals: the device comprises a steam inlet pipe 1, a steam outlet pipe 2, an upper wall outer wall measuring point 3, a pressure gauge 4, a lower wall outer wall measuring point 5, a water supply pipe 6, a water temperature measuring point 7, a descending seamless steel pipe SA106B 8, a nitrogen filling inlet 9, a steam temperature measuring point 10, an air compressor 11, an air purification device 12, an air storage tank CG13, an oxygen-nitrogen separation device PSA14, a filter 15, a nitrogen buffer tank 16, a flow meter 17 and a nitrogen detection device 18.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the principle of the invention, and these modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Example 1
A turbine of a unit No. 6 of a certain gas turbine power plant is a combined cycle double-pressure condensing steam turbine produced by Shanghai steam turbine company Limited, the model of the turbine is LZN55-5.6/0.65, and the model of the turbine is WX18Z-054LLT. The boiler is a three-pressure non-afterburning forced circulation gas turbine waste heat boiler produced by Hangzhou boiler plants. In the prior start-stop process, maintenance measures of furnace water drainage and waste heat drying are adopted, and due to the fact that evaporator tubes are horizontally arranged, the phenomenon that water cannot be completely drained exists inside the evaporator tubes, and the maintenance effect is poor, so that the waste heat drying maintenance measures are optimized. As shown in fig. 1, the specific operation is as follows:
1) Closing each isolation valve from the high pressure system to the boiler flash tank.
2) Carry out the moisturizing to the deoxidization water tank to keep the deoxidization circulating pump operation, utilize the waste heat deoxidization, and keep deoxidization water tank temperature, carry out the operation of adding ammonia to the oxygen-eliminating device simultaneously, improve the pH value of liquid to 9.0 in the deoxidization water tank.
3) The water supply is continuously monitored by using a water supply dissolved oxygen online instrument, and when the dissolved oxygen of the water supply is less than 20ppb, the circulating pump of the deoxygenation water tank is stopped.
4) And (4) cooling the wall temperature of the high-pressure steam drum to be below 100 ℃, and performing water supplementing operation until the water is supplemented to be more than 0 mm.
5) And after the pressure of the high-pressure steam drum and the low-pressure steam drum is reduced to 0.3MPa, carrying out ammonia addition operation on the steam drum, carrying out forced circulation during the strengthening period, and increasing the pH value of liquid in the high-pressure steam drum and the low-pressure steam drum to 9.6.
6) And starting the nitrogen generator, starting the nitrogen supply valves of all systems, monitoring the pressure of the steam drum, adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator in real time, and maintaining the pressure in the steam drum to be 0.3MPa.
7) And (3) further reducing the temperature of the steam drum, starting the deoxygenation water tank, maintaining the liquid level of the steam drum, and simultaneously adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator to maintain the pressure at 0.3MPa.
The evaluation index of the nitrogen filling maintenance method is mainly judged from the shutdown time and the water vapor quality during starting, and is mainly used for judging whether the nitrogen filling maintenance can meet the requirements of starting and stopping at different times and inhibiting the dissolved oxygen corrosion, and once the dissolved oxygen corrosion occurs, the Fe content (unit ppb) in the water vapor index cannot meet the standard. The sampling results after start-up are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003977840960000041
From the start-stop time, no matter the start-stop is carried out for a short time of several days or for up to four months, the nitrogen charging maintenance method can meet the smooth start working condition, and compared with the traditional water discharging maintenance method, the method provided by the invention saves water resources on one hand, and does not need chemical cleaning and a large amount of desalted water flushing before starting. From the quality of the water vapor after starting, the content of Fe in each water vapor is lower and meets the standard requirement, so the wet nitrogen filling maintenance method provided by the invention can inhibit the corrosion of dissolved oxygen, reduce chemical cleaning and prolong the service life of the boiler.
Example 2
A turbine of a unit 1 of a certain gas turbine power plant is a combined cycle double-pressure condensing steam turbine produced by Shanghai steam turbine company Limited, the model of the turbine is LZN55-5.6/0.65, and the model of the turbine is WX18Z-054LLT. The boiler is a three-pressure non-afterburning forced circulation gas turbine waste heat boiler produced by Hangzhou boiler plants. In the prior start-stop process, maintenance measures of furnace water drainage and waste heat drying are adopted, and due to the fact that evaporator tubes are horizontally arranged, the phenomenon that water cannot be completely drained exists inside the evaporator tubes, and the maintenance effect is poor, so that the waste heat drying maintenance measures are optimized. As shown in fig. 1, the specific operation is as follows:
1) Closing each isolation valve from the high pressure system to the boiler flash tank.
2) Carry out the moisturizing to the deoxidization water tank to keep the operation of deoxidization circulating pump, utilize waste heat deoxidization, and keep deoxidization water tank temperature, carry out the operation of adding ammonia to the oxygen-eliminating device simultaneously, the pH value of liquid is to 8.9 in the deoxidization water tank.
3) The water supply is continuously monitored by using a water supply dissolved oxygen on-line instrument, and when the dissolved oxygen of the water supply is less than 20ppb, the circulating pump of the deoxygenation water tank is stopped.
4) And (4) cooling the wall temperature of the high-pressure steam drum to be below 100 ℃, and performing water supplementing operation until the water is supplemented to be more than 0 mm.
5) And after the pressure of the high-pressure steam drum and the low-pressure steam drum is reduced to 0.3MPa, performing ammonia addition operation on the steam drum, performing forced circulation during the strengthening period, and increasing the pH value of liquid in the high-pressure steam drum and the low-pressure steam drum to 9.5.
6) And starting the nitrogen generator, starting the nitrogen supply valves of all systems, monitoring the pressure of the steam drum, adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator in real time, and maintaining the pressure in the steam drum to be 0.3MPa.
7) And (3) further reducing the temperature of the steam drum, starting the deoxygenation water tank, maintaining the liquid level of the steam drum, and simultaneously adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator to maintain the pressure at 0.2MPa.
The evaluation index of the nitrogen filling maintenance method is mainly judged from the shutdown time and the water vapor quality during starting, and is mainly used for judging whether the nitrogen filling maintenance can meet the requirements of starting and stopping at different times and inhibiting the dissolved oxygen corrosion, and once the dissolved oxygen corrosion occurs, the Fe content (unit ppb) in the water vapor index cannot meet the standard. The sampling results after start-up are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0003977840960000051
Figure BDA0003977840960000061
From the start-stop time, no matter the start-stop is carried out for a short time of several days or for up to four months, the nitrogen charging maintenance method can meet the smooth start working condition, and compared with the traditional water discharging maintenance method, the method provided by the invention saves water resources on one hand, and does not need chemical cleaning and a large amount of desalted water flushing before starting. From the quality of the water vapor after starting, the content of Fe in each water vapor is lower and meets the standard requirement, so the wet nitrogen filling maintenance method provided by the invention can inhibit the corrosion of dissolved oxygen, reduce chemical cleaning and prolong the service life of the boiler.
Example 3
A turbine of a unit 2 of a certain gas turbine power plant is a combined cycle double-pressure condensing steam turbine produced by Shanghai steam turbine company Limited, the model of the turbine is LZN55-5.6/0.65, and the model of the turbine is WX18Z-054LLT. The boiler is a three-pressure non-afterburning forced circulation gas turbine waste heat boiler produced by Hangzhou boiler plants. In the prior start-stop process, maintenance measures of furnace water drainage and waste heat drying are adopted, and due to the fact that evaporator tubes are horizontally arranged, the phenomenon that water cannot be completely drained exists inside the evaporator tubes, and the maintenance effect is poor, so that the waste heat drying maintenance measures are optimized. As shown in fig. 1, the specific operations are as follows:
1) Closing each isolation valve from the high pressure system to the boiler flash tank.
2) Carry out the moisturizing to the deoxidization water tank to keep the operation of deoxidization circulating pump, utilize the waste heat deoxidization, and keep deoxidization water tank temperature, carry out the operation of adding ammonia to the oxygen-eliminating device simultaneously, the pH value of liquid is to 8.8 in the deoxidization water tank.
3) The water supply is continuously monitored by using a water supply dissolved oxygen on-line instrument, and when the dissolved oxygen of the water supply is less than 20ppb, the circulating pump of the deoxygenation water tank is stopped.
4) And (4) cooling the wall temperature of the high-pressure steam drum to be below 100 ℃, and performing water supplementing operation until the water is supplemented to be more than 0 mm.
5) And after the pressure of the high-pressure steam drum and the low-pressure steam drum is reduced to 0.3MPa, carrying out ammonia addition operation on the steam drum, carrying out forced circulation during the strengthening period, and increasing the pH value of liquid in the high-pressure steam drum and the low-pressure steam drum to 9.4.
6) And starting the nitrogen generator, starting the nitrogen supply valves of all systems, monitoring the pressure of the steam drum, adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator in real time, and maintaining the pressure in the steam drum to be 0.3MPa.
7) And (3) further reducing the temperature of the steam drum, starting the deoxygenation water tank, maintaining the liquid level of the steam drum, and simultaneously adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator to maintain the pressure at 0.1MPa.
The evaluation index of the nitrogen filling maintenance method is mainly judged from the shutdown time and the water vapor quality during starting, and is mainly used for judging whether the nitrogen filling maintenance can meet the requirements of starting and stopping at different times and inhibiting the dissolved oxygen corrosion, and once the dissolved oxygen corrosion occurs, the Fe content (unit ppb) in the water vapor index cannot meet the standard. The post-start sampling results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0003977840960000071
From the start-stop time, no matter the start-stop is carried out for a short time of several days or for up to four months, the nitrogen charging maintenance method can meet the smooth start working condition, and compared with the traditional water discharging maintenance method, the method provided by the invention saves water resources on one hand, and does not need chemical cleaning and a large amount of desalted water flushing before starting. From the quality of the water vapor after starting, the content of Fe in each water vapor is lower and meets the standard requirement, so the wet nitrogen filling maintenance method provided by the invention can inhibit the corrosion of dissolved oxygen, reduce chemical cleaning and prolong the service life of the boiler.
Example 4
A waste heat boiler, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, applied to the wet nitrogen charging maintenance method according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, including: the device comprises a steam inlet pipe 1, a steam outlet pipe 2, an upper wall outer wall measuring point 3, a pressure gauge 4, a lower wall outer wall measuring point 5, a water supply pipe 6, a water temperature measuring point 7, a descending seamless steel pipe SA106B 8, a nitrogen filling inlet 9 and a steam temperature measuring point 10.
Wherein, various tube bodies (such as a steam inlet tube 1, a steam outlet tube 2, a water supply tube 6 and a downcomer 8) of the waste heat boiler adopt SA106B seamless tubes. The staff can obtain the real-time parameter of exhaust-heat boiler according to measuring point and the measuring instrument on the exhaust-heat boiler to combine parameter index, add ammonia, moisturizing, supply nitrogen etc. operation.
In addition, the nitrogen generator that this application provided includes: the device comprises an air compressor 11, an air purification device 12, an air storage tank CG13, an oxygen-nitrogen separation device PSA14, a filter 15, a nitrogen buffer tank 16, a flowmeter 17 and a nitrogen detection device 18. The nitrogen making machine adopts a pressure swing adsorption mode to directly obtain nitrogen from compressed air. As shown in fig. 4, the air passes through an air compressor 11, an air purification device 12, an air storage tank CG13, an oxygen-nitrogen separation device PSA14, a filter 15, a nitrogen buffer tank 16, a flow meter 17, and a nitrogen detection device 18 in sequence, so as to obtain unqualified nitrogen and qualified nitrogen, and the qualified nitrogen is introduced into the waste heat boiler through a nitrogen charging inlet 9 for maintenance.
In conclusion, the wet nitrogen charging maintenance method suitable for quickly starting and stopping the waste heat boiler of the gas turbine unit has the technical advantages of being quick in starting and stopping, capable of inhibiting dissolved oxygen corrosion, energy-saving, environment-friendly and the like, and is wide in industrial application prospect and high in potential value.

Claims (5)

1. A wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for quickly starting a waste heat boiler of a combustion engine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: closing each isolation valve from the high-pressure system to the boiler flash tank;
and 2, step: supplementing water to the deoxygenation water tank, keeping the deoxygenation circulating pump running, utilizing waste heat to deoxygenate, keeping the water temperature of the deoxygenation water tank, and simultaneously carrying out ammonia adding operation on the deoxygenator to improve the pH value of liquid in the deoxygenation water tank;
and 3, step 3: continuously monitoring the water supply by using a water supply dissolved oxygen online instrument, and stopping a circulating pump of the deoxygenation water tank when the dissolved oxygen of the water supply is less than 20 ppb;
and 4, step 4: when the temperature of the wall of the high-pressure steam drum is reduced to be below 100 ℃, water supplementing operation is carried out, and the water is supplemented to be more than 0 mm;
and 5: after the pressure of the high-pressure steam drum and the low-pressure steam drum is reduced to be below 0.3MPa, carrying out ammonia addition operation on the steam drum, and carrying out forced circulation during the ammonia addition to improve the pH value of liquid in the high-pressure steam drum and the low-pressure steam drum;
step 6: starting a nitrogen generator, starting nitrogen supply valves of all systems, monitoring the pressure of a steam drum, adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator in real time, and maintaining the pressure in the steam drum;
and 7: and (4) further reducing the temperature of the steam drum, starting the deoxygenation water tank, maintaining the liquid level of the steam drum, and simultaneously adjusting the power of the nitrogen generator to maintain the pressure.
2. The wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for the quick start of the waste heat boiler of the combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 2, the temperature of the oxygen removal water tank is kept between 110 ℃ and 150 ℃; the pH value index of the ammonia adding operation is controlled to be 8.8-9.5.
3. The wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for the rapid start of the waste heat boiler of the combustion engine as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step 5, the pH value index of the ammonia adding operation of the steam drum is controlled to be 9.3-9.8.
4. The wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for the quick start of the waste heat boiler of the combustion engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step 6, the nitrogen generator directly obtains nitrogen from the compressed air by adopting a pressure swing adsorption mode.
5. The wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for the quick start of the waste heat boiler of the combustion engine as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step 6, the drum pressure after the nitrogen charging of the nitrogen generator is maintained at 0.1-0.5MPa.
CN202211585800.5A 2022-12-02 2022-12-02 Wet nitrogen charging maintenance method for quick start of waste heat boiler of gas turbine Pending CN115773492A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117329380A (en) * 2023-11-24 2024-01-02 福建华电邵武能源有限公司 Water vapor system shutdown corrosion protection pipeline structure of ultra-supercritical unit

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117329380A (en) * 2023-11-24 2024-01-02 福建华电邵武能源有限公司 Water vapor system shutdown corrosion protection pipeline structure of ultra-supercritical unit
CN117329380B (en) * 2023-11-24 2024-04-09 福建华电邵武能源有限公司 Water vapor system shutdown corrosion protection pipeline structure of ultra-supercritical unit

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