CN115773146A - Energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for cable tunnel by utilizing chimney effect - Google Patents
Energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for cable tunnel by utilizing chimney effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN115773146A CN115773146A CN202211505588.7A CN202211505588A CN115773146A CN 115773146 A CN115773146 A CN 115773146A CN 202211505588 A CN202211505588 A CN 202211505588A CN 115773146 A CN115773146 A CN 115773146A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention of cable tunnels, and aims to solve the problems of poor air quality, poor ventilation effect and high fire risk in the cable tunnels in the prior art, and provides a cable tunnel energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system utilizing a chimney effect, which comprises a first ventilation booth, a second ventilation booth, an internal temperature probe, an external temperature probe, a characteristic gas probe, an alarm, a reserved pipeline and a fire extinguishing gas storage device, wherein a first fan and a second fan are respectively arranged in the first ventilation booth and the second ventilation booth; first air shafts and second air shafts are arranged between the first air shafts and the cable tunnels and between the second air shafts and the cable tunnels, first air shaft doors and second air shaft doors are arranged at outlets of the first air shafts and the second air shafts respectively, and opening and closing of the first air shaft doors and the second air shaft doors are controlled through temperature difference and characteristic gas concentration inside and outside the cable tunnels. The invention has the advantages of good ventilation effect, low power consumption and capability of preventing and controlling cable fire risks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention of cable tunnels, in particular to a cable tunnel energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system utilizing a chimney effect.
Background
With the rapid development of cities, the commissioning scale of cable lines is increased year by year, and in order to improve the utilization rate of a cable channel of a unit section, a tunnel laying mode is often adopted for cables. Because the cable tunnel is positioned in the underground deep position, the ventilation condition in the tunnel is generally poor, toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen chloride, methane and the like can be introduced into the tunnel due to the influence of the heat release of the cable and sewage flowing through the tunnel, and the personal safety of operation and maintenance personnel is adversely affected; in addition, the humidity inside the tunnel is high, condensation is easily formed on the surface of the electric equipment, and then the online monitoring equipment in the tunnel is aged and breaks down, the operation reliability is reduced, and even a conductive channel which does not exist originally can be generated, so that fire accidents are caused. Good ventilation can guarantee the air quality in the tunnel and operation personnel's safety, can also prevent the emergence of conflagration, and the inside air that must reduce of tunnel flows after the conflagration takes place, avoids the development of condition of a fire to enlarge, introduces the measure of putting out a fire simultaneously, and the fire loss of minimizing makes full use of chimney effect realizes the natural draft in tunnel, avoids frequently opening of fan to stop, can reduce the consumption of electric energy by a wide margin.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for a cable tunnel by utilizing a chimney effect, and aims to solve the problems of poor air quality, poor ventilation effect and high fire risk in the cable tunnel in the prior art.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
the embodiment of the invention provides a cable tunnel energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system utilizing a chimney effect, which comprises a first ventilation pavilion, a second ventilation pavilion, an inner temperature probe, an outer temperature probe, a characteristic gas probe, an alarm, a reserved pipeline and a fire extinguishing gas storage device, wherein the first ventilation pavilion is connected with the second ventilation pavilion through a pipeline;
the first ventilating pavilion and the second ventilating pavilion are distributed above the cable tunnel at a certain height difference, a first ventilating shaft and a second ventilating shaft are arranged between the first ventilating pavilion, the second ventilating pavilion and the cable tunnel, the first ventilating shaft is communicated with the first ventilating pavilion and the cable tunnel, and the second ventilating shaft is communicated with the second ventilating pavilion and the cable tunnel;
the inner temperature probes are arranged at a plurality of positions and distributed in characteristic areas such as the gradient section of the cable tunnel, the straight section of the cable tunnel, the two ends of the cable tunnel and the like;
the outer temperature probes are distributed in the first ventilation kiosk and the second ventilation kiosk, the characteristic gas probe is positioned at the top of the cable tunnel, the inner temperature probe and the outer temperature probe are used for monitoring the temperature inside and outside the tunnel, the characteristic gas probe is used for monitoring the characteristic gas inside the tunnel, and the inner temperature probe, the outer temperature probe and the characteristic gas probe are electrically connected to the alarm;
a first air shaft door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at an outlet of the first air shaft, a second air shaft door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at an outlet of the second air shaft, and the opening and closing of the first air shaft door and the second air shaft door are controlled through the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel and the characteristic gas concentration;
the reserved pipeline is pre-buried at the top of the cable tunnel and is communicated with the fire extinguishing gas storage device on the ground surface, and a switch of the fire extinguishing gas storage device is electrically connected with the alarm.
The energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for the cable tunnel by utilizing the chimney effect disclosed by the embodiment utilizes the terrain to construct the first ventilating pavilion and the second ventilating pavilion with height difference, and utilizes the height difference and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the tunnel to form natural air flow; the first fan and the second fan are used for accelerating the gas flow in the cable tunnel and reducing the temperature in the tunnel; the internal temperature probe, the external temperature probe and the characteristic gas probe are used for monitoring the internal and external temperature difference of the cable tunnel and the concentration of the characteristic gas, so that the start and stop of the first air shaft door, the second air shaft door, the first fan and the second fan are controlled, and the energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for the cable tunnel by utilizing the chimney effect has the beneficial effects of good ventilation effect, capability of ensuring the safety of operating personnel, prevention of fire, small fire loss and low electric energy consumption.
Optionally: the first ventilator and the second ventilator are respectively arranged in the first ventilator and the second ventilator, and when the speed of gas flowing in the cable tunnel does not reach the standard, the first ventilator and the second ventilator are automatically started.
So set up, accelerate the gas replacement in the cable tunnel through above-mentioned first fan and above-mentioned second fan to reduce temperature in the cable tunnel, make the velocity of flow of gas reach the standard in the cable tunnel, avoided the emergence of oxygen deficiency, poisoning and calamity.
Optionally: the inner temperature probe, the outer temperature probe and the characteristic gas probe are in linkage connection with the start and stop of a first air well door, a second air well door, a first fan and a second fan;
and when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel exceeds 5 ℃ and the characteristic gas concentration is not abnormal, the first air shaft door and the second air shaft door are automatically opened.
So set up, when the ventilation condition was not good in the cable tunnel this moment, only need open above-mentioned first air shaft door and above-mentioned second air shaft door and just can realize the gas replacement in the cable tunnel, avoid frequently opening and stop the fan, realized effective energy-conservation.
Optionally: when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel exceeds 20 ℃ and the characteristic gas concentration exceeds a specified value, the first air shaft door and the second air shaft door are automatically closed.
Temperature outside the tunnel (T) 0 ) Taking the average temperature detected by two outer temperature probes at the first air shaft door and the second air shaft door, and taking T max Calculating T for the maximum value of temperature measuring points of different characteristic areas in the cable tunnel max The temperature difference value delta T between the temperature difference value delta T and the average temperature outside the tunnel<At 20 ℃ and the temperature T in the tunnel i Taking the average value of the temperatures of different characteristic areas in the tunnel; when the delta T is more than or equal to 20 ℃, the temperature T in the tunnel i Taking the maximum value T of temperature measuring points in different characteristic areas in the tunnel max 。
So set up, temperature probe, outer temperature probe and characteristic gas probe have taken place the conflagration in can judging cable tunnel this moment, and signal transmission reaches above-mentioned alarm, and under the effect that the linkage is connected, above-mentioned first ventilating shaft door and above-mentioned second ventilating shaft door self-closing avoid outside air to get into inside the cable tunnel, avoid the intensity of a fire to enlarge or stretch, have reduced loss and risk effectively.
Optionally: when the concentration of the characteristic gas in the cable tunnel exceeds a specified value and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the tunnel is less than 5 ℃, the first air shaft door, the second air shaft door, the first fan and the second fan are all automatically opened.
So set up, the condition at this moment is the gas in the replacement cable tunnel that needs to be quick, so not only opened above-mentioned first wind well door and above-mentioned second wind well door, still accelerated cable tunnel interior gas replacement speed through opening above-mentioned first fan and above-mentioned second fan automatically, ensured operation personnel's in the cable tunnel safety.
Optionally: the inner temperature probe, the outer temperature probe and the characteristic gas probe can control the start and stop of the first air well door, the second air well door and the alarm;
when the temperature difference between the inner temperature probe and the outer temperature probe exceeds 20 ℃ or the detection concentration of the characteristic gas probe exceeds a specified value, the alarm directly gives an alarm to a cable tunnel management background.
According to the arrangement, the condition in the cable tunnel is monitored in real time by workers at the cable tunnel management background, and the air quality in the cable tunnel and the safety of operators are guaranteed.
Optionally: when the flow rate of gas formed by the chimney effect in the cable tunnel is large enough, the first fan and the second fan are in a closed state, and air exchange is realized by means of natural ventilation; and when the gas flow rate does not reach the standard, the first fan and the second fan are started along the flowing direction of the natural air.
With the arrangement, the natural ventilation of the cable tunnel is realized by fully utilizing the chimney effect, the consumption of electric energy can be greatly reduced, and the first fan and the second fan are prevented from being started and stopped frequently, so that the service life of the cable tunnel is obviously prolonged.
Optionally: an artificial well is arranged between the first air shaft and the second air shaft, the artificial well is communicated with a cable tunnel, and the reserved pipeline is laid in the artificial well and the cable tunnel.
By the arrangement, a plurality of reserved pipelines are directly paved by the artificial well, and a civil engineering facility special for the reserved pipelines is not required to be independently added, so that the construction cost is reduced.
Optionally: a first fireproof door and a second fireproof door are installed at two ends of the cable tunnel, and the first air shaft and the second air shaft are communicated with the cable tunnel between the first fireproof door and the second fireproof door;
when a fire breaks out in the cable tunnel, the first fireproof door, the second fireproof door, the first air shaft door and the second air shaft door are closed, and the fire extinguishing gas storage device which is connected in an interlocking manner injects fire extinguishing gas into the cable tunnel through the reserved pipeline.
So set up, the conflagration takes place the back, and cable tunnel is inside must reduce the air and flows, closes the first development that prevents fire door, second and prevent fire door, above-mentioned first wind well door and above-mentioned second wind well door and avoided the condition of a fire and enlarges, simultaneously, reserves the pipeline through the aforesaid and reaches the effect of putting out a fire rapidly to the interior injection fire extinguishing gas of foretell cable tunnel, and then is convenient for reduce the loss of conflagration.
Optionally: characteristic gases include, but are not limited to, oxygen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, benzene vapor, toluene vapor, and the like.
In summary, the energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for a cable tunnel using a chimney effect disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects of good ventilation effect, ensuring the safety of operators, preventing the occurrence of fire, and being small in fire loss and electric energy consumption.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for a cable tunnel using a chimney effect according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a cable tunnel energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system using a chimney effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-a first ventilation booth, 2-a second ventilation booth, 3-an internal temperature probe, 4-an external temperature probe, 5-a characteristic gas probe, 7-an alarm, 8-a reserved pipe, 9-a fire-extinguishing gas storage device, 10-a first ventilation shaft, 11-a second ventilation shaft, 12-a first ventilation shaft door, 13-a second ventilation shaft door, 14-a first fan, 15-a second fan, 16-an artificial shaft, 17-a first fireproof door, 18-a second fireproof door, 19-a cable tunnel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the embodiment provides a cable tunnel energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system using chimney effect, which includes a first ventilation booth 1, a second ventilation booth 2, an internal temperature probe 3, an external temperature probe 4, a characteristic gas probe 5, an alarm 7, a reserved pipeline 8, and a fire extinguishing gas storage device 9;
the first ventilation pavilion 1 and the second ventilation pavilion 2 are distributed above the cable tunnel at a certain height difference, a first air shaft 10 and a second air shaft 11 are arranged between the first ventilation pavilion 1 and the cable tunnel 19 and between the second ventilation pavilion 2 and the cable tunnel 19, the first air shaft 10 is communicated with the first ventilation pavilion 1 and the cable tunnel 19, and the second air shaft 11 is communicated with the second ventilation pavilion 2 and the cable tunnel 19;
the inner temperature probe 3 is provided with a plurality of positions which are distributed in characteristic areas such as a gradient section of the cable tunnel 19, a straight section of the cable tunnel 19, two ends of the cable tunnel 19 and the like;
the outer temperature probes 4 are distributed in the first ventilation kiosk 1 and the second ventilation kiosk 2, the characteristic gas probe 5 is positioned at the top of the cable tunnel 19, the inner temperature probe and the outer temperature probe are used for monitoring the inner temperature and the outer temperature of the tunnel, the characteristic gas probe 5 is used for monitoring the characteristic gas in the tunnel, and the inner temperature probe 3, the outer temperature probe 4 and the characteristic gas probe 5 are electrically connected with the alarm 7;
a first air shaft door 12 capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the outlet of the first air shaft 10, a second air shaft door 13 capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the outlet of the second air shaft 11, and the opening and closing of the first air shaft door 12 and the second air shaft door 13 are controlled through the temperature difference and the characteristic gas concentration inside and outside the cable tunnel 19;
the reserved pipeline 8 is pre-buried at the top of the cable tunnel 19 and is communicated with a fire extinguishing gas storage device 9 located on the ground surface, and a switch of the fire extinguishing gas storage device 9 is electrically connected with the alarm 7.
The energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for the cable tunnel by utilizing the chimney effect disclosed by the embodiment utilizes the terrain to construct the first ventilating pavilion 1 and the second ventilating pavilion 2 with height difference, and utilizes the height difference and the temperature difference inside and outside the cable tunnel 19 to form natural air flow; the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 are used for accelerating the gas flow in the cable tunnel 19 and reducing the temperature in the cable tunnel 19; the internal temperature probe 3, the external temperature probe 4 and the characteristic gas probe 5 are used for monitoring the internal and external temperature difference of the cable tunnel 19 and the concentration of characteristic gas, so that the start and stop of the first air shaft door 12, the second air shaft door 13, the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 are controlled, and further the energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system of the cable tunnel by utilizing the chimney effect has the beneficial effects of good ventilation effect, capability of ensuring the safety of operating personnel, prevention of fire, low fire loss and low electric energy consumption.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first fan 14 and a second fan 15 are respectively installed inside the first ventilation booth 1 and the second ventilation booth 2, when the speed of gas flowing in the cable tunnel 19 does not reach the standard, the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 are automatically started, the gas replacement in the cable tunnel 19 is accelerated through the first fan 14 and the second fan 15, the temperature in the cable tunnel 19 is reduced, the flow rate of the gas in the cable tunnel 19 reaches the standard, and the occurrence of oxygen deficiency, poisoning and disasters is avoided.
The inner temperature probe 3, the outer temperature probe 4 and the characteristic gas probe 5 are in linkage connection with the start and stop of a first air shaft door 12, a second air shaft door 13, a first fan 14 and a second fan 15; when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel 19 exceeds 5 ℃ and the characteristic gas concentration is not abnormal, the first air shaft door 12 and the second air shaft door 13 are automatically opened, the gas condition in the cable tunnel 19 is general at the moment, therefore, the gas replacement in the cable tunnel 19 can be realized only by opening the first air shaft door 12 and the second air shaft door 13, the frequent starting and stopping of the fan is avoided, and the energy conservation is effectively realized.
When the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel 19 exceeds 20 ℃ and the concentration of the characteristic gas exceeds a specified value, the first air shaft door 12 and the second air shaft door 13 are automatically closed, at the moment, the fire disaster in the cable tunnel 19 can be judged by the inner temperature probe 3, the outer temperature probe 4 and the characteristic gas probe 5, signals are transmitted to the alarm 7, under the action of linkage connection, the first air shaft door 12 and the second air shaft door 13 are automatically closed, the external air is prevented from entering the cable tunnel 19, the fire is prevented from being expanded or spread, and the loss and the risk are effectively reduced.
When the concentration of the characteristic gas in the cable tunnel 19 exceeds a specified value and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel 19 is less than 5 ℃, the first air shaft door 12, the second air shaft door 13, the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 are all automatically opened, and the gas in the cable tunnel 19 needs to be quickly replaced under the condition of the moment, so that the first air shaft door 12 and the second air shaft door 13 are opened, the gas replacement speed in the cable tunnel 19 is accelerated by automatically opening the first fan 14 and the second fan 15, and the safety of operators in the cable tunnel 19 is ensured.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the inner temperature probe 3, the outer temperature probe 4 and the characteristic gas probe 5 can control the start and stop of the first air shaft door 12, the second air shaft door 13 and the alarm 7; when the temperature difference between the inner temperature probe 3 and the outer temperature probe 4 exceeds 20 ℃ or the detection concentration of the characteristic gas probe 5 exceeds a specified value, the alarm 7 directly gives an alarm to the management background of the cable tunnel 19, so that workers in the management background of the cable tunnel 19 can monitor the condition in the cable tunnel 19 in real time, and the air quality in the cable tunnel 19 and the safety of the workers are ensured.
When the gas flow rate formed by the chimney effect in the cable tunnel 19 is large enough, the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 are in a closed state, and air exchange is realized by means of natural ventilation; when the gas flow rate does not reach the standard, the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 are started along the flowing direction of natural air, the natural ventilation of the cable tunnel 19 is realized by fully utilizing the chimney effect, the consumption of electric energy can be greatly reduced, and the service life of the cable tunnel is obviously prolonged by avoiding frequently starting and stopping the first fan 14 and the second fan 15.
The first fan 14 and the second fan 15 can both rotate clockwise and counterclockwise, and the rotation directions of the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 which work simultaneously are different, so that the circulation or replacement of air in the cable tunnel 19 can be realized.
Two artificial wells 16 are arranged between the first air shaft 10 and the second air shaft 11, the two artificial wells 16 are communicated with a cable tunnel 19, the reserved pipelines 8 are laid in the artificial wells 16 and the cable tunnel 19, the reserved pipelines 8 are directly laid by using the artificial wells 16, civil facilities special for the reserved pipelines 8 do not need to be added independently, and construction cost is reduced.
A first fireproof door 17 and a second fireproof door 18 are installed at two ends of the cable tunnel 19, and the first air shaft 10 and the second air shaft 11 are communicated with the cable tunnel 19 between the first fireproof door 17 and the second fireproof door 18; when 19 conflagrations take place in cable tunnel, first prevent fire door 17, fire door 18 is prevented to the second, first wind well door 12 and second wind well door 13 are closed, the gaseous storage device 9 of putting out a fire of linkage connection pours into the fire extinguishing gas into through reserving 19 cable tunnels of pipeline 8 to, after the conflagration takes place, 19 inside air flows that must reduce in the cable tunnel, close first prevent fire door 17, fire door 18 is prevented to the second, the development of condition of a fire has been avoided to first wind well door 12 and second wind well door 13 and has enlarged, and simultaneously, it reaches the effect of putting out a fire rapidly to inject the gas of putting out a fire into in 19 cable tunnels through reserving pipeline 8 to, and then be convenient for reduce the loss of conflagration.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, an energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for a cable tunnel 19 using a chimney effect can improve ventilation conditions in the cable tunnel 19, and can achieve heat dissipation, improve air quality, prevent a fire, and the like.
In this embodiment, a certain height difference is required between the first ventilation booth 1 and the second ventilation booth 2, the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 are respectively installed in the first ventilation booth 1 and the second ventilation booth 2, and when the speed of the gas flowing in the cable tunnel 19 does not reach the standard, the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 are automatically turned on to accelerate the gas replacement in the cable tunnel 19 and reduce the temperature in the cable tunnel 19 (here, the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 have different rotation directions, one is to supply air into the cable tunnel 19, and the other is to draw out the gas in the cable tunnel 19).
In this embodiment, because cable tunnel 19 is in secret depths, in summer and winter two seasons, become warm in winter and cool in summer's state in the cable tunnel 19, can lead to cable tunnel 19 inside and outside to have pressure differential, temperature difference like this, and factor such as the effect of the outer atmosphere natural wind of cable tunnel 19 can produce the natural wind and flow, forms the chimney effect, and then the poisonous and harmful gas in the cable tunnel 19 of being convenient for discharge.
The theoretical calculation formula of the chimney effect pressure difference is as follows:
wherein Δ P S Is the pressure difference, pa, under the action of the chimney effect;
ρ 0 air density outside tunnel, kg/m 3 ；
T i 、T 0 -absolute temperature inside and outside the tunnel, K;
H NPL -neutral plane height, m;
h is the height difference of the ventilation pavilion, m;
g is the acceleration of gravity, and 9.8m/s2 is taken.
When the height difference between the first ventilation booth 1 and the second ventilation booth 2, the temperature inside and outside the cable tunnel 19 and the air density outside the cable tunnel 19 are known, the pressure difference can be obtained;
theoretical calculation formula of wind speed and pressure difference:
wherein Δ P S Is the pressure difference under the action of the chimney effect, in units: pa;
rho-air Density, kg/m 3 ；
v-wind speed, m/s.
According to the formula, the pressure difference delta P under the action of the chimney effect is calculated by the theoretical calculation formula of the chimney effect pressure difference S And then the wind speed v in the cable tunnel 19 can be obtained by a theoretical calculation formula of the wind speed and the pressure difference, so that the first fan 14 or the second fan 15 can be effectively utilized for ventilation, and the purpose of energy-saving ventilation is achieved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, in winter, due to the thermal inertia of the terrestrial heat and the heating of the cable, the temperature inside the cable tunnel 19 is higher than the temperature outside the cable tunnel 19, the density of the gas inside the cable tunnel 19 is lower than the density of the gas outside the cable tunnel 19, due to the chimney effect, the gas inside the cable tunnel 19 will be automatically discharged outside the cable tunnel 19, and the air enters the cable tunnel 19 through the first air shaft 10 with a lower altitude and then is discharged through the second air shaft 11 with a higher altitude, so as to form a cycle, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving and ventilation.
In summer, the temperature in the cable tunnel 19 is lower than the temperature outside the cable tunnel 19, the density of the gas in the cable tunnel 19 is higher than that of the gas outside the cable tunnel 19, air enters the cable tunnel 19 through the second air shaft 11 with higher altitude and is discharged through the first air shaft 10 with lower altitude, circulation is formed, and the purposes of energy conservation and ventilation are achieved.
In spring and autumn, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel 19 is possibly small, and the cable tunnel is not suitable for the chimney effect any more, so that the gas concentration in the cable tunnel 19 needs to be detected through the characteristic gas probe 5 in the cable tunnel 19. The cable tunnel 19 is provided with an inner temperature probe 3, an outer temperature probe 4 and a characteristic gas probe 5 and is linked with the first air well door 12, the second air well door 13, the first fan 14, the second fan 15, the first fireproof door 17, the second fireproof door 18 and the alarm 7 of the cable tunnel 19.
The inner temperature probe 3, the outer temperature probe 4 and the characteristic gas probe 5 of the cable tunnel 19 can detect the temperature and the characteristic gas concentration inside and outside the cable tunnel 19, and the temperature probes are arranged at a plurality of positions; the internal environment temperature of the cable tunnel 19 can be an average value of characteristic points such as outlets of the first air shaft 10 and the second air shaft 11, a gradient section of the cable tunnel 19, a straight line section, a first fireproof door 17 and a second fireproof door 18 at two ends and the like, for the cable tunnel 19 with the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system, an average temperature value in a fireproof section is obtained by using the optical fiber temperature measurement system, for the cable tunnel 19 without the optical fiber temperature measurement system, point type temperature measurement equipment is supplemented at characteristic temperature measurement points, temperature values at different positions are obtained, and the average temperature is calculated; and taking the average temperature value of the air outlets of the first ventilation kiosk 1 and the second ventilation kiosk 2 from the external temperature of the cable tunnel 19.
In this embodiment, the specific implementation flow is as follows: when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel 19 exceeds 5 ℃ and the characteristic gas concentration is not abnormal, automatically opening the first air shaft door 12 and the second air shaft door 13, and ventilating by utilizing a chimney effect; when the concentration of the characteristic gas in the cable tunnel 19 exceeds a specified value (for example, carbon monoxide reaches 0.04 percent) and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel 19 is less than 5 ℃, the first air shaft door 12, the second air shaft door 13, the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 are automatically opened, and toxic and harmful gas in the cable tunnel 19 is discharged to prevent workers from being injured; when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel 19 exceeds 20 ℃ and the characteristic gas concentration exceeds a specified value (for example, the content of carbon monoxide reaches 10%), it is judged that a fire breaks out in the cable tunnel 19, the first fireproof door 17 and the second fireproof door 18, the first air shaft door 12 and the second air shaft door 13 are immediately closed, the gas switch of the fire extinguishing gas storage device 9 is opened, fire extinguishing gas such as carbon dioxide is directly injected into the cable tunnel 19 through the reserved pipeline 8 to achieve the effect of quickly extinguishing the fire, the alarm 7 is triggered at the same time, a background alarm is directly sent to a cable channel management, after the fire breaks out, the first fan 14 and the second fan 15 are started to ventilate, and polluted gas in the cable tunnel 19 is discharged.
In this embodiment, the whole system can improve the air quality in the cable tunnel 19, reduce the temperature generated by the heat generated by the cable in the cable tunnel 19, and reduce the fire risk of the cable tunnel 19.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a cable tunnel energy-conserving ventilation and disaster prevention system of utilizing chimney effect which characterized in that:
the fire extinguishing gas storage device comprises a first ventilation kiosk, a second ventilation kiosk, an inner temperature probe, an outer temperature probe, a characteristic gas probe, an alarm, a reserved pipeline and a fire extinguishing gas storage device;
the first ventilating pavilion and the second ventilating pavilion are distributed above the cable tunnel in a certain height difference, a first air shaft and a second air shaft are arranged between the first ventilating pavilion and the cable tunnel and between the second ventilating pavilion and the cable tunnel, the first air shaft is communicated with the first ventilating pavilion and the cable tunnel, and the second air shaft is communicated with the second ventilating pavilion and the cable tunnel;
the inner temperature probes are arranged at a plurality of positions and distributed in characteristic areas at the gradient section of the cable tunnel, the straight section of the cable tunnel and two ends of the cable tunnel, and the environment temperature values of all the characteristic areas are detected through the inner temperature probes;
the outer temperature probes are distributed in the first ventilation kiosk and the second ventilation kiosk, the characteristic gas probe is positioned at the top of the cable tunnel, the inner temperature probe and the outer temperature probe are used for monitoring the temperature inside and outside the tunnel, the characteristic gas probe is used for monitoring the characteristic gas inside the tunnel, and the inner temperature probe, the outer temperature probe and the characteristic gas probe are electrically connected with the alarm;
a first air shaft door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at an outlet of the first air shaft, a second air shaft door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at an outlet of the second air shaft, and the opening and closing of the first air shaft door and the second air shaft door are controlled through the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel and the characteristic gas concentration;
the reserved pipeline is embedded in the top of the cable tunnel and communicated with the fire extinguishing gas storage device on the ground surface, and a switch of the fire extinguishing gas storage device is electrically connected with the alarm.
2. The energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for the cable tunnel by utilizing the chimney effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
and a first fan and a second fan are respectively arranged in the first ventilation kiosk and the second ventilation kiosk, and when the speed of gas flowing in the cable tunnel does not reach the standard, the first fan and the second fan are automatically started.
3. The energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for the cable tunnel by utilizing the chimney effect as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the inner temperature probe, the outer temperature probe and the characteristic gas probe are in linkage connection with the start and stop of a first air well door, a second air well door, a first fan and a second fan;
and when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel exceeds 5 ℃ and the characteristic gas concentration is not abnormal, the first air shaft door and the second air shaft door are automatically opened.
4. The energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for the cable tunnel by utilizing the chimney effect as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
and when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the cable tunnel exceeds 20 ℃ and the characteristic gas concentration exceeds a specified value, the first air shaft door and the second air shaft door are automatically closed.
5. The energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for cable tunnels by using the chimney effect as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
and when the concentration of the characteristic gas in the cable tunnel exceeds a specified value and the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the tunnel is less than 5 ℃, the first air shaft door, the second air shaft door, the first fan and the second fan are all automatically opened.
6. The energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for the cable tunnel by utilizing the chimney effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the inner temperature probe, the outer temperature probe and the characteristic gas probe can control the start and stop of the first air well door, the second air well door and the alarm;
and when the temperature difference between the inner temperature probe and the outer temperature probe exceeds 20 ℃ or the detection concentration of the characteristic gas probe exceeds a specified value, the alarm directly gives an alarm to a cable tunnel management background.
7. The energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for the cable tunnel by utilizing the chimney effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
when the flow rate of the gas formed in the cable tunnel is large enough, the first fan and the second fan are in a closed state, and air exchange is realized by means of natural ventilation; and when the gas flow rate does not reach the standard, the first fan and the second fan are started along the flowing direction of the natural air.
8. The energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for the cable tunnel by utilizing the chimney effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
an artificial well is arranged between the first air shaft and the second air shaft and communicated with the cable tunnel, and the reserved pipeline is laid in the artificial well and the cable tunnel.
9. The energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for cable tunnels by using the chimney effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
a first fireproof door and a second fireproof door are installed at two ends of the cable tunnel, and the first air shaft and the second air shaft are communicated with the cable tunnel between the first fireproof door and the second fireproof door;
when the cable tunnel is in fire, the first fireproof door, the second fireproof door, the first air shaft door and the second air shaft door are closed, and the fire extinguishing gas storage device in linkage connection injects fire extinguishing gas into the cable tunnel through the reserved pipeline.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211505588.7A CN115773146A (en) | 2022-11-29 | 2022-11-29 | Energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for cable tunnel by utilizing chimney effect |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211505588.7A CN115773146A (en) | 2022-11-29 | 2022-11-29 | Energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for cable tunnel by utilizing chimney effect |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115773146A true CN115773146A (en) | 2023-03-10 |
Family
ID=85390440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211505588.7A Pending CN115773146A (en) | 2022-11-29 | 2022-11-29 | Energy-saving ventilation and disaster prevention system for cable tunnel by utilizing chimney effect |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115773146A (en) |
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2022
- 2022-11-29 CN CN202211505588.7A patent/CN115773146A/en active Pending
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