CN115772237B - Preparation method of conductive elastomer based on polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent - Google Patents

Preparation method of conductive elastomer based on polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent Download PDF

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CN115772237B
CN115772237B CN202211394596.9A CN202211394596A CN115772237B CN 115772237 B CN115772237 B CN 115772237B CN 202211394596 A CN202211394596 A CN 202211394596A CN 115772237 B CN115772237 B CN 115772237B
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eutectic solvent
hydrogen bond
conductive elastomer
polymerizable
imidazole type
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CN115772237A (en
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陈威
孙雯卿
李楠
李金灿
邱迎轩
邱丽媛
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Qufu Normal University
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Qufu Normal University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/54Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a conductive elastomer based on a polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent. The polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent is obtained by mixing a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor at 60-100 ℃, wherein the hydrogen bond acceptor is imidazole type ionic liquid, the hydrogen bond donor is a carboxylic acid monomer containing double bonds, and the molar ratio of the hydrogen bond acceptor to the hydrogen bond donor is not more than 1:0.5. Mixing the polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent with a photoinitiator, and performing ultraviolet irradiation polymerization to obtain the conductive elastomer based on the polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent. The conductive elastomer prepared by the invention has excellent ion conduction performance, excellent tensile performance, good optical transparency, adhesion and freezing resistance, and has wide application prospects in biosensors, wearable equipment, flexible electrodes and motion monitoring.

Description

Preparation method of conductive elastomer based on polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of elastomer materials, and relates to a preparation method of a conductive elastomer based on a polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent.
Background
Ionic liquids, also known as room temperature ionic liquids or low temperature molten salts, are substances composed of organic cations and anions. As a green solvent, the ionic liquid has special physical properties and chemical properties and has become a popular research object. However, some drawbacks of ionic liquids limit their application, arms such as: high viscosity, high melting point, solid state at room temperature, etc. To overcome these disadvantages of ionic liquids, a new green solvent, the eutectic solvent, has emerged. The eutectic solvent is generally composed of a stoichiometric ratio of hydrogen bond acceptors and hydrogen bond donors, which are capable of bonding to each other via hydrogen bonds to form a eutectic mixture, and which have a melting point lower than the melting point of each component. Typically, most eutectic solvents are in a liquid state between room temperature and 70 ℃. In general, the eutectic solvent is formed by mixing a quaternary ammonium salt with a hydrogen bond donor (capable of forming a complex with the halogen anion of the quaternary ammonium salt). Compared with ionic liquid, the eutectic solvent is a novel ionic liquid, has the characteristics of high conductivity, stable electrochemical property, difficult volatilization and the like, and also has the unique characteristics of low melting point, small viscosity, simple preparation, no need of complex synthesis process and the like.
In recent years, eutectic solvents using imidazole type ionic liquids as hydrogen bond acceptors have been reported domestically. Zhang Huanhuan et al (chemical report, 2015,78 (1), 73-79) prepared a novel class of eutectic solvents from different molar ratios by mixing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride (Bmincl) and dicarboxylic acids (malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid and adipic acid) as raw materials. Yang Rui et al report a eutectic solvent with imidazole type ionic liquid 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -3-methylimidazole chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor and urea as hydrogen bond donor. The addition of urea reduces the melting point and viscosity, so that the eutectic solvent is more widely applied. However, the eutectic solvent using the imidazole type ionic liquid as a component can be applied to the fields of electrochemistry, gas adsorption, nano material preparation, porous material synthesis and the like, but the preparation of the multifunctional conductive elastomer is not involved.
With the development of information society, the conductive elastomer has a wide application prospect in the fields of sensors, flexible electrodes, wearable equipment, retractable touch screens, electronic displays and the like. However, most of the conductive elastomers reported today lack freeze resistance and adhesion properties, and have poor mechanical tensile properties. Therefore, based on a compact design and efficient manufacturing, there is still an urgent need to develop an elastomer that has high mechanical strength, good electrical conductivity, transparency, freeze resistance, self-adhesion, and self-healing properties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a conductive elastomer based on a polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent, which has good mechanical property, conductive property, self-repairing property, freezing resistance and adhesion property.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a method for preparing a conductive elastomer based on polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent, comprising the following steps:
step 1: mixing a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor according to a certain proportion, heating and stirring to obtain a uniform transparent polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent, taking out and cooling to room temperature for standby;
step 2: mixing the polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent with a photoinitiator, and performing ultraviolet irradiation polymerization to obtain the conductive elastomer based on the polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent.
Preferably, in the step 1, the hydrogen bond acceptor and the hydrogen bond donor of the eutectic solvent are 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride (BminCl) and acrylic acid respectively, and the molar ratio is 1:1.2.
Preferably, in step 1, the heating temperature is 90 ℃.
Preferably, in step 1, the heating and stirring time is 1.5 hours.
Preferably, in step 2, the photoinitiator is an ultraviolet light initiator 1173, and the ultraviolet irradiation time is 15min.
The conductive elastomer based on the polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent is prepared by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent formed by the imidazole type ionic liquid and the hydrogen bond donor can greatly save the solvent cost, and the solvent system has the advantages of simple preparation method, large component proportion controllability and contribution to popularization and application.
2. The polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent prepared by the invention has good fluidity, low melting point, liquid at room temperature, obviously better system viscosity than single ionic liquid, and is beneficial to subsequent processing and use.
3. The conductive elastomer based on the polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent has excellent tensile property and conductivity.
4. The conductive elastomer based on the polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent prepared by the invention has good freezing resistance and high temperature resistance, and the conductive elastomer still maintains the characteristics of the conductive elastomer under the low-temperature environment and the high-temperature environment.
5. The conductive elastomer based on the polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent has good adhesion and can be adhered to articles made of plastics, iron, aluminum, rubber, wood and the like.
6. The conductive elastomer based on the polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent has good self-repairing performance, and is similar to an initial state after being cut into two halves and contacted again after 24 hours.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a chemical structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride (Bmincl), acrylic acid and polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent.
FIG. 2 is a Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FT-IR) of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride (Bmincl), acrylic acid and polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvents.
FIG. 3 is a differential scanning calorimetric analysis chart (DSC) of a polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent.
Fig. 4 is an ultraviolet spectrum of a conductive elastomer based on a polymerizable imidazole-type eutectic solvent.
Fig. 5 is a photograph of conductive elastomer adhesion various materials based on polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvents.
Fig. 6 is a graph of tensile properties of a conductive elastomer based on a polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvent.
Fig. 7 is a graph of tensile conductivity properties of a conductive elastomer based on a polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvent.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
firstly, mixing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and acrylic acid according to the proportion of 1:1.2 (n/n), and heating and stirring for 1.5h at 90 ℃ to obtain a uniform and transparent polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent; next, 10g of the above eutectic solvent was taken, 100. Mu.l of a photoinitiator 1173 was added thereto, and the mixture was irradiated for 15 minutes to obtain a polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvent-based conductive elastomer.
Example 2:
firstly, mixing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and acrylic acid according to the proportion of 1:1.5 (n/n), and heating and stirring for 1.5h at 90 ℃ to obtain a uniform and transparent polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent; next, 10g of the above eutectic solvent was taken, 100. Mu.l of a photoinitiator 1173 was added thereto, and the mixture was irradiated for 15 minutes to obtain a polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvent-based conductive elastomer.
Example 3:
firstly, mixing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and acrylic acid according to the ratio of 1:2 (n/n), and heating and stirring for 1.5h at 90 ℃ to obtain a uniform and transparent polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent; next, 10g of the above eutectic solvent was taken, 100. Mu.l of a photoinitiator 1173 was added thereto, and the mixture was irradiated for 15 minutes to obtain a polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvent-based conductive elastomer.
Example 4:
firstly, mixing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and acrylic acid according to the proportion of 1:1 (n/n), and heating and stirring for 1.5h at 90 ℃ to obtain a uniform and transparent polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent; next, 10g of the above eutectic solvent was taken, 100. Mu.l of a photoinitiator 1173 was added thereto, and the mixture was irradiated for 15 minutes to obtain a polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvent-based conductive elastomer.
Example 5:
firstly, mixing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and methacrylic acid according to the ratio of 1:2 (n/n), and heating and stirring for 1.5h at 90 ℃ to obtain a uniform and transparent polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent; next, 10g of the above eutectic solvent was taken, 100. Mu.l of a photoinitiator 1173 was added thereto, and the mixture was irradiated for 15 minutes to obtain a polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvent-based conductive elastomer.
Example 6:
firstly, mixing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and itaconic acid according to the proportion of 1:1 (n/n), and heating and stirring for 1.5h at 90 ℃ to obtain a uniform and transparent polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent; next, 10g of the above eutectic solvent was taken, 100. Mu.l of a photoinitiator 1173 was added thereto, and the mixture was irradiated for 15 minutes to obtain a polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvent-based conductive elastomer.
Example 7:
firstly, mixing 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and acrylic acid according to the ratio of 1:2 (n/n), and heating and stirring for 1.5h at 90 ℃ to obtain a uniform and transparent polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent; next, 10g of the above eutectic solvent was taken, 100. Mu.l of a photoinitiator 1173 was added thereto, and the mixture was irradiated for 15 minutes to obtain a polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvent-based conductive elastomer.
Example 8:
firstly, mixing 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and methacrylic acid according to the ratio of 1:2 (n/n), and heating and stirring for 1.5h at 90 ℃ to obtain a uniform and transparent polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent; next, 10g of the above eutectic solvent was taken, 100. Mu.l of a photoinitiator 1173 was added thereto, and the mixture was irradiated for 15 minutes to obtain a polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvent-based conductive elastomer.
Example 9:
firstly, mixing 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole chloride and itaconic acid according to the proportion of 1:2 (n/n), and heating and stirring for 1.5h at 90 ℃ to obtain a uniform and transparent polymerizable imidazole eutectic solvent; next, 10g of the above eutectic solvent was taken, 100. Mu.l of a photoinitiator 1173 was added thereto, and the mixture was irradiated for 15 minutes to obtain a polymerizable imidazole-based eutectic solvent-based conductive elastomer.

Claims (6)

1. The preparation method of the conductive elastomer based on the polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, mixing a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor according to a certain proportion, heating and stirring to obtain a uniform transparent polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent, cooling to room temperature for standby, then mixing the polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent with a photoinitiator, and carrying out ultraviolet irradiation polymerization to obtain a conductive elastomer based on the polymerizable imidazole type eutectic solvent; the hydrogen bond acceptor of the eutectic solvent is imidazole type ionic liquid and comprises one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt; the hydrogen bond donor is a carboxylic acid monomer containing double bonds, and comprises one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid and aconitic acid.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the eutectic solvent hydrogen bond acceptor to the hydrogen bond donor is 1:0.5-1:10, and the heating temperature is 60-100 ℃.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring time is 0.5 to 4 hours.
4. The method of preparation of claim 1, wherein the photoinitiator is one or more of 2,4, 6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl phosphorus oxide (TPO), 1173 (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropion), 184 (1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone), 2959 (2-hydroxy-4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -2-methylpropionone).
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation time is 0.5 to 60 minutes.
6. An electroconductive elastomer based on a polymerizable imidazole-type eutectic solvent, characterized by being prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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