CN115754932A - Integrated waveform design method for unmanned aerial vehicle detection and decoy - Google Patents
Integrated waveform design method for unmanned aerial vehicle detection and decoy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for designing a detection and spoofing integrated waveform of an unmanned aerial vehicle, which is described by five parts of full-spectrum reception of a navigation signal, spoofing frequency band compounding, original waveform generation, comprehensive optimization of the waveform and detection and spoofing integrated waveform generation. Compared with the traditional unmanned aerial vehicle detection and decoy waveform design method, the method has the advantages that the detection and decoy waveforms are integrally designed, so that the same waveform has the detection capability and the navigation decoy capability, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be decoy and simultaneously detected by utilizing an integrated signal echo, the two are cooperatively promoted, the real-time countercheck capability of the unmanned aerial vehicle is greatly improved, and the method has important military significance and economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle counter-braking technologies, and particularly relates to a detection and decoy integrated waveform design method for an unmanned aerial vehicle.
Background
At present, many studies are made on radar detection and interference integrated waveforms abroad, for example, theoretical derivation and simulation are carried out by the swedish national defense research organization by using noise frequency hopping and phase modulation signals as radar signals, which have good detection performance, but the interference spectrum bandwidth is limited when the interference signal is used as an interference signal due to the limitation of the transmission pulse bandwidth of a transmitter, and the interference performance is poor. Meanwhile, the university of tokyo science and engineering in japan proposes that a shared signal of an ultra-wideband radio spectrum of other radio systems is used as an integrated waveform, a chirp ultra-wideband signal is prepared in a correlation detector as a correlation signal to be integrated, and a detection technology can detect a signal of any frequency band by modifying an integration period, so that interference can be realized while an enemy signal is detected. In addition, the united states air force research laboratory proposes an integrated waveform design idea based on phase shift keying to modulate the frequency modulation initial phase of the chirp signal. The naval research laboratory further designs an integrated waveform based on Phase Code Frequency Modulation (PCFM), which can realize detection and interference simultaneously.
From the above, various technical means have been proposed for the formation of integrated waveforms abroad at present, and theoretical simulation verification is performed, but many researches have not been tested in a real scene, and the designed signal detection and interference functions mostly work independently, and the mutual guidance is not strong.
The detection and interference integration is researched in China, and a lot of research and demonstration are carried out by many scientific research institutes, and the key technology is how to design an integrated waveform integrating two functions and how to accurately extract required information from a complex and variable electromagnetic environment. In the design of the integrated signal waveform for detecting interference, the requirements of two functions on the emission waveform are different, so that the integrated waveform capable of realizing multiple functions is difficult to design. In addition, in the echo received signal, information of different functions and other unnecessary information are interleaved with each other, and it is difficult to obtain desired function information. Certain research has been carried out in relevant aspects in domestic colleges and universities: research on related technologies of trunk probing integrated waveform and signal processing is carried out around random signals, trunk probing integrated waveforms based on phase coding, noise frequency modulation, noise frequency hopping smart modulation LFM and the like are provided, abundant research results are obtained, and the comprehensive performance of detection interference of the integrated waveforms is verified through demonstration and verification tests; the concept of signal sharing is put forward, namely a signal is expected to be designed, so that the interference effect on an enemy radar is realized, and meanwhile, the detection and positioning effect on an enemy radar platform is realized; an orthogonal comb spectrum type detection and interference integrated signal waveform is provided, and on the characteristic of orthogonality of the comb spectrum signal, the orthogonal comb spectrum type detection and interference integrated signal waveform is used for modulating a detection signal and an interference signal respectively to obtain a radar detection and interference integrated waveform capable of flexibly controlling the signal form. In addition, related domestic research and development units also provide an interference detection integrated signal waveform based on the dual-carrier frequency pseudorandom two-phase coded signal, and experiments prove that a fuzzy graph of the dual-carrier frequency pseudorandom two-phase coded signal has better distance and speed resolution capability on a delay axis and a Doppler frequency axis.
From the above, the current domestic integrated waveform research is also in the theoretical simulation, and at present, the research focuses on the generation mechanism of the research signal, but how to promote the detection and the interference signal mutually, and the thinking in the mutual guidance aspect is still less.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for designing a detection and decoy integrated waveform for an unmanned aerial vehicle, which solves the problems of discrete radar detection and navigation decoy functions, low frequency spectrum utilization rate and weak mutual cooperation guiding capability of detection and navigation decoy of the traditional anti-unmanned aerial vehicle system.
The technical solution for realizing the invention is as follows: a method for designing a waveform integrating detection and decoy of an unmanned aerial vehicle comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, receiving full spectrum of navigation signals of a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles, screening single-frequency point satellite navigation signals needing to be compounded, and turning to the second step.
And secondly, carrying out decoy frequency band compounding on all the screened single-frequency point satellite navigation signals to form a compound decoy signal, and turning to the third step.
And thirdly, inserting radar signals into the frequency bands of the gaps in the composite decoy signals to generate original waveforms, and turning to the fourth step.
And fourthly, performing comprehensive waveform optimization on the generated original waveform to obtain an integrated waveform optimization model, so that the integrated waveform optimization model has good detection and decoy performances, and turning to the fifth step.
And fifthly, generating a detection and spoofing integrated waveform according to the integrated waveform optimization model.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) Through detecting unmanned aerial vehicle and carrying out integration waveform design with the luring signal, can effectively solve traditional unmanned aerial vehicle and survey and lure the mutually independent work of signal, guide coordination ability each other poor, counter unmanned aerial vehicle effect subalternation problem.
(2) According to the unmanned aerial vehicle detection and spoofing integrated waveform design method provided by the invention, the designed detection and spoofing integrated waveform can be used for spoofing the unmanned aerial vehicle and simultaneously can be used for detecting a target by utilizing an integrated signal echo, so that two functions of a waveform are really realized, and the advantages of deep coupling, mutual guiding and cooperative promotion of the two functions of detection and spoofing are realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an integrated waveform generation principle of an unmanned aerial vehicle detection and spoofing integrated waveform design method provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a signal time domain diagram of an integrated waveform designed by the integrated waveform design method for unmanned aerial vehicle detection and spoofing provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a signal spectrum diagram of an integrated waveform designed by the integrated waveform design method for unmanned aerial vehicle detection and spoofing provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a signal autocorrelation function diagram of an integrated waveform designed by the integrated waveform design method for unmanned aerial vehicle detection and spoofing provided by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a signal fuzzy function diagram of an integrated waveform designed by the integrated waveform design method for unmanned aerial vehicle detection and spoofing provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The following further introduces specific embodiments, technical difficulties and inventions of the present invention with reference to the design examples.
With reference to fig. 1, the design concept of the integrated waveform design method for detecting and luring unmanned aerial vehicle provided by the invention is as follows: the method comprises the steps of receiving various unmanned aerial vehicle navigation signals including BDS, GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, QZSS and IRNSS navigation system L-frequency-band civil code signals, screening and spectrum compounding, inserting the signals in a gap frequency band to form an original waveform, then performing optimization design on the original waveform by using a waveform optimization method, and finally generating a detection and deception integrated waveform.
The first step, carry out full spectrum to a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicle's navigation signal and receive to screening out and needing to carry out compound navigation signal, specifically as follows:
the navigation signal receiving system can receive BDS, GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, QZSS and IRNSS navigation system L frequency band civil code signals, can receive 16 frequency point navigation signals at most, and receive single frequency point satellite navigation signals S L Expressed as:
S L ＝A c D(t)C(t)cos(2πf L t+φ)
wherein A is c For signal amplitude, D (t) is a navigation data code, C (t) is a sequence of signal codes corresponding to a navigation system, f L Is the signal carrier frequency, phi is the carrier initial phase, and t is time.
To all received single frequency point satellite navigation signals S L Screening, if the signal frequency is in the range of 1164MHz to 1606MHz, the signal is stored according to the requirement; if the signal frequency is not in the range of 1164MHz to 1606MHz, the signal is rejected if the signal frequency is not in accordance with the requirement. All single-frequency satellite navigation signals meeting the frequency range are navigation signals needing to be compounded.
And secondly, carrying out deception frequency band recombination on all the screened single-frequency point satellite navigation signals to form a compound deception signal, which comprises the following steps:
the trapping frequency band is compounded, and the compound trapping signal S of a plurality of satellites and a plurality of frequency points YP Can be expressed as:
wherein i represents the serial numbers of different frequency point navigation systems, j represents the serial numbers of a plurality of satellites under the same navigation system, C i,j (t) represents the signal code sequence of the jth satellite under the ith frequency point navigation system, f Li Indicating the signal carrier frequency, phi, of the ith frequency point navigation system i,j And the initial carrier phase of the jth satellite in the ith frequency point navigation system is represented, N represents the total number of frequency points, and M represents the total number of satellites.
Thirdly, inserting radar signals into the frequency bands of the gaps in the composite decoy signals to generate original waveforms, which are as follows:
assuming navigation signal frequency band
The navigation signal frequency band serial number K =1,2 1 k The upper boundary of the k-th frequency band is indicated,
representing the lower boundary frequency of the k-th band. From a frequency domain perspective, the transmitted energy in the kth band can be expressed as
Wherein the total energy spectral density of the signal
Represents the energy spectral density of the k-th frequency band; energy r allowing mutual interference in same frequency band k Not less than 0; s represents the original decoy signal;
represents the conjugate transpose of s; e I Representing the total power of the transmit waveform in the cutoff band.
The energy spectral density of the k-th frequency band according to the definition of the energy spectral density
Is composed of
Where (p, q) is an element {1,2.
And fourthly, performing comprehensive waveform optimization on the generated original waveform to obtain an integrated waveform optimization model, so that the integrated waveform optimization model has good detection and decoy performances, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the similarity degree of a transmitting signal and an expected signal is controlled by applying similarity constraint, a linear frequency modulation radar signal with good autocorrelation characteristics is selected as the expected signal, and the mathematical expression of the similarity constraint is
||s-s 0 || 2 ≤κ
Wherein, kappa is not less than 0,s 0 Is the desired signal.
The detection performance of a radar system is used as an optimization index, an output signal-to-interference ratio is selected as an optimization object, and a linear system through which signals pass is assumed to be omegaOutput signal y out Is composed of
Wherein beta is a scattering coefficient, n is an out-of-band signal of the detection signal, including a noise interference signal and a navigation signal,
representing the conjugate transpose of ω.
Output signal to interference and noise ratio SINR of
Wherein the noise covariance matrix
E[·]Indicating the desired operation.
According to the Schwarz inequality, there are
Let N be -1 R, R represents a real number set, then
Further adding signal similarity constraint conditions, obtaining an expression of the integrated signal optimization problem:
the optimization problem belongs to a quadratic programming problem of quadratic constraint, and is solved by a convex optimization method after convex relaxation treatment.
By combining the above consideration factors, the invention innovatively provides an integrated waveform optimization model:
wherein s represents an original decoy signal, and h represents an optimized decoy detection integrated signal; ACF (-) denotes the autocorrelation function, CCF (-) denotes the cross-correlation function, subscript sl denotes the integrated sidelobe level, subscript peak denotes the peak value, and α denotes the upper threshold set.
Fifthly, generating a detection and trapping integrated waveform according to the integrated waveform optimization model, wherein the obtained detection and trapping integrated waveform has both detection and trapping performances and has applicability in the actual unmanned aerial vehicle anti-process, and the final detection and trapping integrated waveform performance generated by the method is shown in figures 2 to 5.
In conclusion, the invention innovatively provides an integrated waveform design method for unmanned aerial vehicle detection and trapping, realizes efficient, quick and accurate integrated detection and trapping of low-speed small unmanned aerial vehicles, and has the advantages of covert detection, mutual promotion of cooperative guidance of the detection and the trapping, multi-target multi-mode coverage type confrontation and the like in confrontation.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a survey and lure integration waveform design method to unmanned aerial vehicle which characterized in that, the step is as follows:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, full-spectrum reception is carried out on navigation signals of a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles, single-frequency point satellite navigation signals needing to be compounded are screened out, and then the second step is carried out;
secondly, carrying out decoy frequency band compounding on all screened single-frequency point satellite navigation signals to form compound decoy signals, and turning to the third step;
inserting radar signals into the frequency bands of the gaps in the composite decoy signals to generate original waveforms, and turning to the fourth step;
fourthly, performing waveform comprehensive optimization on the generated original waveform to obtain an integrated waveform optimization model which has good detection and decoy performances, and turning to the fifth step;
and fifthly, generating a detection and deception integrated waveform according to the integrated waveform optimization model.
2. The integrated waveform design method for unmanned aerial vehicle detection and spoofing according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, full spectrum reception is performed on the navigation signals of a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles, and the navigation signals to be composited are screened out, specifically as follows:
the first step, carry out full spectrum to a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicle's navigation signal and receive to screen out and need carry out compound navigation signal, specifically as follows:
the navigation signal receiving system can receive BDS, GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, QZSS and IRNSS navigation system L frequency band civil code signals, can receive 16 frequency point navigation signals at most and receive single frequency point satellite navigation signals S L Expressed as:
S L ＝A c D(t)C(t)cos(2πf L t+φ)
wherein A is c For signal amplitude, D (t) is a navigation data code, C (t) is a sequence of signal codes corresponding to a navigation system, f L Is the signal carrier frequency, phi is the carrier initial phase, t is the time;
for all received single frequency point satellite navigation signals S L Screening is carried out if the signal frequency is
If the signal is in the range of 1164MHz to 1606MHz, the signal is stored according to the requirement; if the signal frequency is not in the range of 1164MHz to 1606MHz, the signal is rejected if the signal frequency is not in accordance with the requirement;
all single-frequency satellite navigation signals meeting the frequency range are navigation signals needing to be compounded.
3. The integrated waveform design method for unmanned aerial vehicle detection and spoofing as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the second step, spoofing frequency band compounding is performed on all screened single frequency point satellite navigation signals to form a compound spoofing signal, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the trapping frequency band is compounded, and the compound trapping signal S of a plurality of satellites and a plurality of frequency points YP Expressed as:
wherein, i represents the serial numbers of different frequency point navigation systems, j represents the serial numbers of a plurality of satellites under the same navigation system, C i,j (t) represents the signal code sequence of the jth satellite under the ith frequency point navigation system, f Li Indicating the signal carrier frequency, phi, of the ith frequency point navigation system i,j And the initial carrier phase of the jth satellite in the ith frequency point navigation system is represented, N represents the total number of frequency points, and M represents the total number of satellites.
4. The method for designing the integrated waveform for unmanned aerial vehicle detection and spoofing according to claim 3, wherein in the third step, a radar signal is inserted into a frequency band of a gap in the composite spoofing signal to generate an original waveform, specifically as follows:
assuming navigation signal frequency band
The navigation signal frequency band serial number K =1,2 1 k The upper boundary of the k-th frequency band is indicated,
represents the lower boundary frequency of the k-th frequency band;
from a frequency domain perspective, the transmitted energy in the k-th band is represented as
Wherein the signalTotal energy spectral density
Represents the energy spectral density of the k-th frequency band; energy r allowing mutual interference in same frequency band k Not less than 0; s represents the original decoy signal;
represents the conjugate transpose of s; e I Representing the total power of the transmit waveform in the cutoff band;
the energy spectral density of the kth frequency band is defined according to the energy spectral density
Is composed of
Where (p, q) is an element {1,2.
5. The unmanned aerial vehicle detection and spoofing integrated waveform design method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the fourth step, waveform comprehensive optimization is performed on the generated original waveform to obtain an integrated waveform optimization model, so that the integrated waveform optimization model has good detection and spoofing performance, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the similarity degree of a transmitting signal and a desired signal is controlled by applying similarity constraint, a linear frequency modulation radar signal with good autocorrelation characteristics is selected as the desired signal, and the mathematical expression of the similarity constraint kappa is 2
s-s 0 ≤κ
Wherein, kappa is not less than 0,s 0 Is a desired signal;
the detection performance of the radar system is used as an optimization index, the output signal-to-interference ratio is selected as an optimization object, and the hypothesis is thatThe linear system of signal passing is omega, and the output signal y out Is composed of
Wherein beta is a scattering coefficient, n is an out-of-band signal of the detection signal, including a noise interference signal and a navigation signal,
represents the conjugate transpose of ω;
output signal to interference and noise ratio SINR of
Wherein the noise covariance matrix
E[·]Representing an expectation operation;
according to the Schwarz inequality, there are
Let N -1 R, R represents a real number set, then
Further adding signal similarity constraint conditions to obtain an expression of the integrated signal optimization problem:
the optimization problem belongs to a quadratic programming problem of quadratic constraint, and is solved by using a convex optimization method after convex relaxation treatment;
combining the above considerations, the integrated waveform optimization model is as follows:
s.t.CCF sl (s,h)＜α
1-CCF peak (s,h)/ACF peak (s)＜β
wherein s represents an original decoy signal, and h represents an optimized decoy detection integrated signal; ACF (-) denotes an autocorrelation function, CCF (-) denotes a cross-correlation function, subscript sl denotes an integrated side lobe level, subscript peak denotes a peak value, and α denotes a set upper threshold limit.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116953623A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-10-27 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Orthogonal multiphase coding frequency modulation signal generation method |
| CN117294559A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2023-12-26 | 浙江凡双科技股份有限公司 | Unmanned plane detection and pressing real-time coexistence method and detection and beating integrated equipment |
| CN117367437A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 中国航天科工集团八五一一研究所 | Collaborative guiding method based on electronic monitoring |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116953623A (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2023-10-27 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Orthogonal multiphase coding frequency modulation signal generation method |
| CN116953623B (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2024-02-27 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Orthogonal multiphase coding frequency modulation signal generation method |
| CN117294559A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2023-12-26 | 浙江凡双科技股份有限公司 | Unmanned plane detection and pressing real-time coexistence method and detection and beating integrated equipment |
| CN117294559B (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-02-02 | 浙江凡双科技股份有限公司 | Unmanned plane detection and pressing real-time coexistence method and detection and beating integrated equipment |
| CN117367437A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 中国航天科工集团八五一一研究所 | Collaborative guiding method based on electronic monitoring |
| CN117367437B (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-03-22 | 中国航天科工集团八五一一研究所 | Collaborative guiding method based on electronic monitoring |
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