CN103954959A - Stepping frequency radar system based on chaotic signal source, and channel construction method thereof - Google Patents
Stepping frequency radar system based on chaotic signal source, and channel construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/023—Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stepping frequency radar system based on a chaotic signal source. The system comprises a signal emission module, a signal receiving module, the chaotic signal source and a data rearrangement module. The chaotic signal source generates chaotic signals, on one hand, controls the emission frequency sequence of an emission pulse string, and on the other hand, performs reordering control on echo signals received by the signal receiving module. The invention also discloses a channel construction method of a stepping frequency radar system. The method enables each chaotic signal sampling value to be corresponding to a group of frequency modulation sequences after normalization processing is performed on each chaotic signal sampling value, controls the signal emission module to emit pulse strings corresponding to the group of frequency modulation sequences, and controls the signal receiving module to rearrange signal echo vectors according to pulse frequencies in an increasing order. The method, on one hand, enables emission signals to be provided with higher anti-interference capability and lower interception probability, and at the same time, solves the problem of quite poor clutter inhibition capability of stepping frequency signals in a conventional stepping frequency system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly based on chaos signal source Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar system and passage construction method, belong to radar communication field.
Background technology
Chaos phenomenon is that occur in nonlinear system a kind of has and have the process deterministic, class is random.Chaos phenomenon also has noise like characteristic, can improve thus the security performance of communication system.Chaotic signal can be regenerated exactly, in the transmission of signal, for chaos, cover, in the reception of signal for the recovery of signal.The basic thought of chaotic secret communication is: the carrier wave of transmission using chaotic signal as signal, signal transmission is hidden among chaotic carrier, namely said chaos is covered, or give different waveforms with different information sequences, thereby utilize association attributes and characteristic, at receiving end, demodulate transmitted signal, this is the recovery of signal namely.
Step frequency signal is by one group of simple signal of transmitting, processing mode with narrow emission machine, receiver has realized the range resolution that broadband signal can reach, avoided the difficulty of the Project Realization aspect that conventional broadband signal faces, thus in widespread attention.Yet step frequency system also exists some shortcomings, it is poor that the clutter of step frequency signal suppresses ability, there is no desirable clutter suppression method.
In recent years, random frequency stepping radar, because the signal that the random jump of its frequency transmitting can suppress distance and speed coupling and adjacent reception sensor well disturbs, has been subject to paying attention to widely.But in random frequency stepping radar, the matched filtering of echoed signal realizes by making related operation with reference signal, and this needs very large calculated amount.In addition, due to the result of random frequency modulation, the one-dimensional range profile obtaining by being correlated with is with very strong random noise secondary lobe.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: for the shortcoming of background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of step frequency radar system and passage construction method based on chaos signal source, utilize the frequency of the chaotic signal control step frequency of chaos signal source generation, realize the generation of random frequency hopping step frequency signal, produce by the transmitting of each frequency random alignment of Step Frequency, make to transmit there is stronger antijamming capability, lower intercept probability; The clutter that has solved step frequency signal in existing Step Frequency system suppresses the poor problem of ability.
The present invention, for solving the problems of the technologies described above, adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of step frequency radar system based on chaos signal source, comprise signal emission module, signal receiving module, described signal emission module comprises power splitter, power amplifier, emitting antenna, described signal receiving module comprises receiving antenna, frequency mixer, low noise amplifier, bandpass filter, A/D modular converter, digital filtering module, rear class signal processing module, also comprises chaos signal source, data rearrangement module; Described chaos signal source produces chaotic signal, and be normalized, after processing, on the one hand the frequency modulation sequence of transmit burst is controlled, the echoed signal on the other hand signal receiving module the being received control of resequencing, described data rearrangement module rearranges echoed signal vector according to the signal after chaotic signal normalized and the echoed signal that receives.
A passage construction method for step frequency radar system based on chaos signal source, comprises the steps:
Step 1. presets the frequency sequence number of N Step Frequency, according to the frequency sequence number of this Step Frequency, produce N step frequency, this N step frequency is rearranged, the random M group frequency modulation sequence that produces, and to M group frequency modulation sequence order numbering, generate frequency modulation sequence list, every group of frequency modulation sequence all comprises N step frequency;
Step 2. chaos signal source produces chaotic signal, by the sampled value x of chaotic signal
nafter being normalized, obtain the chaotic signal y after normalization
n, make y
ndropping in [0,1] interval, is equally spaced M section by [0,1] interval division, and according to this to every section of serial number, the numbering of M section is corresponding one by one with M group frequency modulation sequence numbering successively, obtains y
nthe segment number of place section, and by y
nthe segment number of place section exports respectively signal emission module and signal receiving module to;
Step 3. signal emission module is according to y
nthe frequency modulation sequence corresponding to segment number of place section launched train of impulses corresponding to step frequency in this frequency modulation sequence;
Step 4. signal receiving module receives echoed signal, and the echoed signal receiving is processed, and obtains echoed signal vector, and signal receiving module is according to y
ncorresponding frequency modulation sequence, rearranges echoed signal vector according to step frequency order from small to large, wherein, M, N, n are positive integer.
Described chaos signal source shines upon by Bernoulli Jacob or Logistic mapping produces chaotic signal, and each chaotic signal sampled value process after equal corresponding one group of frequency modulation sequences.
Compared with prior art, with chaos signal source control step, frequently realize random frequency hopping, the present invention has three advantages, has beneficial effect as follows:
1. the present invention is usingd chaotic signal as signal source, and control carrier frequency with chaotic signal, and make Step Frequency, it is no longer original regular very strong carrier signal, compared to traditional Step Frequency, random frequency hopping make to transmit there is complicated modulation waveform, stronger antijamming capability and lower intercept probability, thereby improved confidentiality, realized the secret communication based on chaotic signal.
2. compared to traditional Step Frequency, realize Chaotic Frequency Hopping and be conducive to realize the inhibition that internal system single-frequency is disturbed.
Traditional stepped frequency signal is order frequency step, is a kind of coherent signal, and interpulse phase place has linear relationship, constant phase difference between adjacent pulse, while carrying out target detection, the existence of interference is just equivalent to the existence of random phase errors, and while making target detection, resolution characteristic reduces.When having a plurality of single-frequency to disturb, will easily there is decoy in employing order Step Frequency, single-frequency is disturbed and Step Frequency is all to have periodically concerning target, and the signal spectrum therefore receiving can not judge and disturbs or target.
Chaotic signal control step is realized the working method of random frequency hopping frequently, and making the phase detector output of target echo is no longer sinusoidal waveform, and the wave detector output that periodically single-frequency is disturbed remains sinusoidal waveform, so can leach single-frequency on frequency domain, disturbs.Now, the data after A/D sampling are carried out to ascending order rearrangement according to receive frequency, just can obtain target information.
Therefore with chaos signal source control step, frequently realize random frequency hopping and can suppress single-frequency interference, comprise by the inner low-frequency disturbance producing of power supply.
3. the distance-Doppler resolution of signal when the design can improve target detection.
Due to the modulation system of the design's uniqueness, utilize chaotic frequency modulation, make the data based mapping relations used of sampled point to be reset from small to large by echo pulse signal frequency when carrying out signal processing.In random frequency stepping radar, the matched filtering of echoed signal is by realizing as related operation with reference signal, and can not directly by FFT computing, obtain distance fast, to compression, needs very large calculated amount.In addition,, for the result of random frequency modulation, the one-dimensional range profile obtaining by being correlated with is with very strong random noise secondary lobe.But, in the design, due to unique modulation system of the design, after making data reset by ascending order, still can carry out FFT computing.Data after resetting are carried out to Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and realize matching treatment, thereby make one-dimensional range profile not have random noise secondary lobe, thereby improved the distance-Doppler resolution of signal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram that the present invention is based on chaos signal source Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar.
Fig. 2 is that chaotic signal of the present invention carries out frequency control theory diagram.
Fig. 3 (a) is the fuzzy graph of frequency step signal.
Fig. 3 (b) is the blur level figure (3dB) of frequency step signal.
Fig. 3 (c) is the range ambiguity function figure of frequency step signal.
Fig. 3 (d) is the doppler ambiguity functional arrangement of frequency step signal.
Fig. 4 (a) is the fuzzy graph of chaos frequency step signal in the present invention.
Fig. 4 (b) is the blur level figure (3dB) of chaos frequency step signal in the present invention.
Fig. 4 (c) is the range ambiguity function figure of chaos frequency step signal in the present invention.
Fig. 4 (d) is the doppler ambiguity functional arrangement of chaos frequency step signal in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the one-dimensional range profile contrast of chaos Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar and random frequency stepping radar.
Fig. 6 (a) is Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar imaging results when existing 50Hz single-frequency to disturb: one-dimensional range profile.
Fig. 6 (b) is Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar imaging results when existing 50Hz single-frequency to disturb: range Doppler plane.
Fig. 7 is the bifurcation graphs of the chaotic signal that in the present invention, Logistic mapping produces.
Fig. 8 is the frequency modulation sequence numbering figure of the transmit burst that in the present invention, Logistic mapping produces.
Fig. 9 (a) is in chaos Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar of the present invention, and the sampling number of echo-pulse string is disturbed without single-frequency according to being FFT().
Fig. 9 (b) is in chaos Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar of the present invention, to the sampling number of echo-pulse string, according to being FFT(, exists single-frequency to disturb).
While existing single-frequency to disturb in Figure 10 the present invention, the range Doppler result of chaos Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram that the present invention is based on the step frequency radar system of chaos signal source.Comprise signal emission module, signal receiving module, described signal emission module comprises power splitter, power amplifier, emitting antenna, described signal receiving module comprises receiving antenna, frequency mixer, low noise amplifier, bandpass filter, A/D modular converter, digital filtering module, rear class signal processing module, also comprises chaos signal source, data rearrangement module; Chaos signal source produces chaotic signal the frequency of transponder pulse string signal is modulated, the chaos frequency step signal producing is divided into two-way synchronizing signal after power splitter, one tunnel is as the reference signal of receiver, and another road is radiated and is detected region through power amplifier and emitting antenna.Echoed signal after receiving antenna and low noise amplifier with reference signal mixing, then by A/D, sampled and store after bandpass filter (low-pass filter in quadrature demodulation and the Hi-pass filter combination that suppresses direct wave).If exist the single-frequency that leaks into phase detector to disturb in system, also need the data of storage to carry out digital filtering processing.Finally, the frequency modulation sequence order corresponding according to chaotic signal, resets the data of sampling.
A passage construction method for step frequency radar system based on chaos signal source, comprises the steps:
Step 1. presets the frequency sequence number of N Step Frequency, according to the frequency sequence number of this Step Frequency, produce N step frequency, this N step frequency is rearranged, the random M group frequency modulation sequence that produces, and to M group frequency modulation sequence order numbering, generate frequency modulation sequence list, every group of frequency modulation sequence all comprises N step frequency;
Step 2. chaos signal source produces chaotic signal, by the sampled value x of chaotic signal
nafter being normalized, obtain the chaotic signal y after normalization
n, make y
ndropping in [0,1] interval, is equally spaced M section by [0,1] interval division, and according to this to every section of serial number, the numbering of M section is corresponding one by one with M group frequency modulation sequence numbering successively, obtains y
nthe segment number of place section, and by y
nthe segment number of place section exports respectively signal emission module and signal receiving module to;
Step 3. signal emission module is according to y
nthe frequency modulation sequence corresponding to segment number of place section launched train of impulses corresponding to step frequency in this frequency modulation sequence;
Step 4. signal receiving module receives echoed signal, and the echoed signal receiving is processed, and obtains echoed signal vector, and signal receiving module is according to y
ncorresponding frequency modulation sequence, rearranges echoed signal vector according to step frequency order from small to large, wherein, M, N, n are positive integer.
In Fig. 1, by chaos signal source, transmit, in transmission channel that power splitter, power amplifier form, the chaotic signal that chaos signal source produces, from the M group frequency modulation sequence having designed, select one group as the exomonental frequency modulation sequence of the next one, thereby reach the control of chaotic signal to transponder pulse frequency, the structure of the step frequency radar system passage of realization based on chaos signal source, make to transmit there is complicated modulation waveform, stronger antijamming capability and lower intercept probability.
Suppose that the initial frequency of stepping is f
0, allocated frequency band B, frequency step is spaced apart Δ f, on allocated frequency band B with N one group of order step frequency sequence F that frequency was formed of Δ f value uniformly-spaced
lS=(f
0, f
1..., f
n-1), f wherein
i=f
0+ i Δ f, i ∈ 0,1 ..., N-1}, the frequency modulation sequence of each train of impulses is at F
lSon basis, rearrangement, is designated as F
cS.This N frequency is carried out to random alignment, have in theory N! Plant arrangement mode, choose at random wherein M kind arrangement mode and can produce a random frequency modulation sequence list.First first the frequency modulation sequence that designs M group, produces the random series F that M organizes this N of 1 different～N integer
cS=(f
a, f
b..., f
c), a wherein, b, c ∈ { 0,1,2 ..., N-1} and unequal mutually.
Chaos signal source is controlled the frequency transmitting, and is to utilize single chaotic signal sampled value x
ncorresponding single transponder pulse string signal frequency modulation sequence F
cS, concrete corresponding relation as shown in Figure 2.The sampled value of chaotic signal is x
n, after being normalized, obtain y
nif, y
nfall into interval
?
thereby the i class frequency sequence in M class frequency sequence is used as next exomonental frequency modulation sequence.
In receiving cable, echoed signal after receiving antenna and low noise amplifier with reference signal mixing, then by A/D, sampled and store after bandpass filter (low-pass filter in quadrature demodulation and the Hi-pass filter combination that suppresses direct wave).If exist the single-frequency that leaks into phase detector to disturb in system, also need the data of storage to carry out digital filtering processing.Finally, the frequency modulation sequence order corresponding according to chaotic signal, resets the data of sampling.Comparison diagram 3(a) and the blur level figure of the ambiguity function figure of Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 3 (b) and Fig. 4 (b), the latter has approximate " drawing pin type " ambiguity function, comparatively speaking more approach the requirement of desirable ambiguity function, the distance-Doppler resolving power of signal is better.From the range ambiguity function of Fig. 3 (c) and Fig. 4 (c), both range resolutions are identical, and range resolution is decided by the total bandwidth of synthetic frequency hopping.From the doppler ambiguity function of Fig. 3 (d) and Fig. 4 (d), the latter's DOPPLER RESOLUTION is higher.
The same with random frequency stepping radar, the random jump of emission signal frequency makes chaos Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar can suppress well distance and the speed coupling of moving target.And chaos Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar, due to special chaotic modulation mode, can suppress to leak into the single-frequency interference of phase detector.Because control the frequency of transponder pulse string signal by chaotic signal after, the output of the wave detector of echoed signal is aperiodic and is distributed in whole frequency band, and single-frequency is disturbed the cycle that remains.Thereby, can according to carrying out digital filtering, come filtering single-frequency to disturb to sampling number.Finally, after data rearrangement and FFT, target can be detected.
In random frequency stepping radar, the matched filtering of echoed signal realizes by making related operation with reference signal, and this needs very large calculated amount.In addition, due to the result of random frequency modulation, the one-dimensional range profile obtaining by being correlated with is with very strong random noise secondary lobe.Yet, in the step frequency radar system based on chaos signal source, chaotic frequency modulation makes sampling number according to resetting from small to large by the frequency of echo pulse signal, thereby matching treatment is consistent with Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar, can realize and one-dimensional range profile does not exist random noise secondary lobe by FFT.
We divide the Rapid matching that two parts are verified chaos Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar to process and anti-single-frequency interference characteristic.Suppose to have a point target at 3m place, speed is 1m/s.The initial frequency f transmitting
0for 1GHz, bandwidth B is 1.016GHz, pulse repetition time T
r=50 μ s, pulsewidth T
p=25 μ s.
1. one-dimensional range profile
The frequency sampling point N=1000 of random frequency stepping radar, is distributed as U[f
0, f
0+ B].First, from Fig. 5, can obviously find out, random frequency stepping radar is consistent with the main peak of the target location of chaos Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar on one-dimensional range profile.But the former exists than the noise secondary lobe of the low 15dB of main lobe, and amplitude is not obvious with change of distance decay; And the latter's secondary lobe amplitude is pressed sin
2(X)/X
2rule decay fast.Secondly, the one-dimensional range profile of random frequency stepping radar need to obtain through the related operation of 1000 times, and chaos Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar only need to carry out data rearrangement and an IFFT of 1000 one time, and obviously the latter's efficiency is higher.
2. anti-single-frequency is disturbed
Suppose to have the power supply of 50Hz to disturb the output terminal that leaks into phase detector.From Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b), under conventional Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar system, single-frequency interference meeting produces spike on one-dimensional range profile, cannot distinguish with the spike of target; After the sampled point data accumulation of 64 train of impulses echoed signals, each range gate is carried out to doppler processing by FFT, in distance-Doppler plane, produce false target.
Under chaos Millimeter Wave Stepped-Frequency High Resolution Radar system, suppose the transmit burst frequency sequence that existing M=64 group designs, and system adopts Logistic to shine upon to produce chaotic signal:
x
n+1=μ·x
n(1-x
n)(n=1,2,3…)
μ ∈ [0,4] wherein, x ∈ [0,1].The bifurcation graphs of Logistic mapping as shown in Figure 7, therefrom can find out that the dynamic behavior of system is very simple, only has x when 0< μ≤1
0the fixed point at=0 place; When 1< μ <3, the dynamic behavior of system is also very simple, only has two fixed points; When 3≤μ≤4, it is very complicated that the dynamic behavior of system becomes, and system enters chaos by doubling time.Therefore, for Logistic mapping produces the chaotic signal of [0,1], optional μ=3.991.
Then, closed interval [0,1] is carried out to 64 deciles, each interval width is
note
Wherein Floor () is for rounding operation downwards, and yn is the numbering of the transmit burst frequency modulation sequence that chaotic signal is corresponding.As shown in Figure 8, the numbering of transmit burst frequency modulation sequence, in interval [1,64] upper random variation, meets the requirements.
Because the frequency modulation sequence of each transmit burst is no longer linear increment, echo samples point data are after FFT, the energy of target echo spreads out, and single-frequency interference is to be independent of the frequency modulation sequence of transmit burst, thereby after FFT, still there is spike, as shown in Fig. 9 (a), Fig. 9 (b).Therefore, can in sampled data analytic system, whether exist single-frequency to disturb, if exist, can design digital filter echo samples point data are carried out to filtering, thereby eliminate single-frequency, disturb.Figure 10 is for eliminating the range Doppler result after single-frequency is disturbed.
The chaotic signal that utilizes chaos signal source to produce, Step Frequency is carried out to frequency control, produce transmitting of being arranged by each frequency random disorder of Step Frequency, making is no longer original regular very strong carrier signal, make to transmit there is stronger antijamming capability, lower intercept probability.This new chaotic fm mode makes the data after A/D sampling to do ascending sort according to the frequency that receives signal, thereby realizes matched filtering by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), so one-dimensional range profile does not exist random noise secondary lobe yet.Due to the characteristic of Chaotic Frequency Hopping, the output of the phase detector of target echo is no longer sinusoidal waveform, and the wave detector output that periodically single-frequency is disturbed remains sinusoidal waveform, so can leach single-frequency on frequency domain, disturbs.Thereby raising signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
Claims (3)
1. the step frequency radar system based on chaos signal source, comprise signal emission module, signal receiving module, described signal emission module comprises power splitter, power amplifier, emitting antenna, described signal receiving module comprises receiving antenna, frequency mixer, low noise amplifier, bandpass filter, A/D modular converter, digital filtering module, rear class signal processing module, it is characterized in that: also comprise chaos signal source, data rearrangement module; Described chaos signal source produces chaotic signal, and be normalized, after processing, on the one hand the frequency modulation sequence of transmit burst is controlled, the echoed signal on the other hand signal receiving module the being received control of resequencing, described data rearrangement module rearranges echoed signal vector according to the signal after chaotic signal normalized and the echoed signal that receives.
2. the passage construction method based on the step frequency radar system based on chaos signal source claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1. presets the frequency sequence number of N Step Frequency, according to the frequency sequence number of this Step Frequency, produce N step frequency, this N step frequency is rearranged, the random M group frequency modulation sequence that produces, and to M group frequency modulation sequence order numbering, generate frequency modulation sequence list, every group of frequency modulation sequence all comprises N step frequency;
Step 2. chaos signal source produces chaotic signal, by the sampled value x of chaotic signal
nafter being normalized, obtain the chaotic signal y after normalization
n, make y
ndropping in [0,1] interval, is equally spaced M section by [0,1] interval division, and according to this to every section of serial number, the numbering of M section is corresponding one by one with M group frequency modulation sequence numbering successively, obtains y
nthe segment number of place section, and by y
nthe segment number of place section exports respectively signal emission module and signal receiving module to;
Step 3. signal emission module is according to y
nthe frequency modulation sequence corresponding to segment number of place section launched train of impulses corresponding to step frequency in this frequency modulation sequence;
Step 4. signal receiving module receives echoed signal, and the echoed signal receiving is processed, and obtains echoed signal vector, and signal receiving module is according to y
ncorresponding frequency modulation sequence, rearranges echoed signal vector according to step frequency order from small to large, wherein, M, N, n are positive integer.
3. the passage construction method of the step frequency radar system based on chaos signal source according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described chaos signal source shines upon by Bernoulli Jacob or Logistic mapping produces chaotic signal, and each chaotic signal sampled value process after equal corresponding one group of frequency modulation sequences.
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