CN115753473B - A lathe-based friction and wear test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of friction and wear test devices, in particular to a friction and wear test device based on a lathe, which comprises a linear bearing seat, wherein a linear bearing seat is fixed on the top surface of an extension plate, an extension shaft is connected to the linear bearing seat in a sliding manner, and a sample pin is fixedly arranged at the end part of the extension shaft through a first clamp; a force application rod is fixed on the side wall of the extension shaft, a steel wire rope is fixed on the force application rod, and one end of the steel wire rope, which is far away from the force application rod, is connected with a weight; according to the invention, one end of the steel wire rope far away from the force application rod is connected with the weight, the steel wire rope is guided by the guide mechanism, the force application rod can be pulled by the steel wire rope to move towards one end far away from the weight under the pulling action of the weight, the normal force is loaded, and the weight is loaded according to test requirements, so that on one hand, hydraulic loading is not required, the complexity of a friction device is reduced, on the other hand, elastic loading is not required, and the stability of the normal force can be always maintained along with the abrasion of a sample pin through the loading of the weight.

Description

A lathe-based friction and wear test device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of friction and wear test devices, in particular to a lathe-based friction and wear test device.

Background technique

Various frictional relative movements produce wear, and there are many factors that affect wear, such as the material, surface shape, frictional movement form, working conditions and lubrication methods of friction parts. Therefore, it is difficult to evaluate the wear resistance of this type of coating. Generally, the wear resistance of the coating should be tested by simulating the actual working conditions as much as possible.

Some invention patents related to the friction and wear test device are disclosed in the prior art. The Chinese patent application number is 200810124157.X, which discloses a high-speed friction and wear test auxiliary device prepared and used on a lathe, which belongs to the key device for the friction and wear test. . It includes a bottom plate, one end of the bottom plate is installed with a horizontal guide rail pair, the auxiliary body is fixedly connected with the slider of the horizontal guide rail pair, one end of the auxiliary body is installed with a chuck for clamping the sample, the other end is connected with a horizontal spring, and the other end of the horizontal spring is Attached to loading bolts supported by bolt pads mounted on the base plate.

The friction and wear test is an essential technical means to study the friction and wear characteristics of various materials. However, at present, most of the friction and wear tests are completed on special friction and wear test equipment, which will cause the disadvantage of increasing the cost of purchasing equipment. However, using the existing lathe Under the premise of equipment such as pressure sensor dynamometer and other equipment, the friction and wear test device designed is mostly loaded with the normal force by the elastic force of the spring. During the loading process, as the sample pin wears, the spring will stretch Long, resulting in changes in the normal force, which in turn affects the accuracy of the test.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings in the prior art, and propose a friction and wear test device based on a lathe.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a friction and wear test device based on a lathe, comprising a support plate and a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the main shaft of the lathe, and one side of the support plate is fixed with A protruding plate, a pressure sensing dynamometer is fixed on the bottom surface of the protruding plate, a connecting plate is fixed on the bottom surface of the pressure sensing dynamometer, and the connecting plate is fixedly installed on the supporting plate of the lathe, A linear bearing seat is fixed on the top surface of the extension plate, an extension shaft is slidably connected to the linear bearing seat, and a sample pin is fixedly installed on the end of the extension shaft through the first clamp;

A force application rod is fixed on the side wall of the extension shaft, a steel wire rope is fixed on the force application rod, and a weight is connected to the end of the steel wire rope away from the force application rod, and the linear bearing seat and the support plate are fixed together There is a guiding mechanism, and the guiding mechanism is used to guide the steel wire rope, so that the weight can pull the force applying rod to move to the left under the action of gravity;

The extending shaft is provided with a positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanism is used to position the extending shaft and limit the rotation of the extending shaft;

A sample disc is fixedly installed on the connecting shaft through the second clamp.

Preferably, the guide mechanism includes a mounting groove and two pulley seats, both of which are fixed on the top surface of the linear bearing seat, and first pulleys are rotatably connected inside the two pulley seats. The mounting groove is opened on the top surface of one end of the support plate, and the inner wall of the mounting groove is rotatably connected with a second pulley, and the second pulley and the two first pulleys are all connected to the wire rope through transmission.

Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning hole and a limit chute, the positioning hole is set on the outer wall of the extended shaft, the limit chute is set on the top surface of the linear bearing seat, the positioning hole and A positioning rod is inserted inside the limiting chute, and the bottom end of the positioning rod is in sliding contact with the limiting chute through a ball bearing.

Preferably, a vertical plate is fixed on the bottom surface of the support plate, a rectangular frame is fixed on the bottom of the vertical plate, two limit rods are symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the rectangular frame, and the top surface of the weight There is a limit slot matching the limit rod on the top, the limit rod is inserted inside the limit slot, the bottom surface of the limit groove is provided with a slope, and the four side walls of the limit rod A plurality of rolling mechanisms are vertically distributed on the top, and the rolling mechanisms are used to make the limit rod and the limit groove roll in contact.

Preferably, the rolling machine includes two positioning pieces, both of which are fixed on the side wall of the limit rod, and a rolling cylinder is connected between the two positioning pieces, and the rolling cylinder and Limit groove rolling contact.

Preferably, the inside of the weight is provided with a water storage chamber, the top surface of the water storage chamber is provided with an air vent, the bottom of the water storage chamber is provided with a water inlet, and the inside of the water inlet is fixed with an opening facing downward. The installation cylinder, the side wall of the installation cylinder is provided with a water inlet groove, the inner wall of the installation cylinder is vertically slid and inserted with a sealing plug suitable for the water inlet groove, the top of the sealing plug and the inner surface of the installation cylinder A first spring is fixed between the top surfaces, a limit ring is fixed on the top surface of the sealing plug, a communication hole is opened on the top surface of the installation cylinder, a water filling mechanism is arranged on the rectangular frame, and the The water adding mechanism rises upwards and pushes the sealing plug away from the water inlet tank to add water. The limit rod is provided with a limit mechanism. When the water add mechanism rises upward, the limit mechanism is used to limit the weight in advance.

Preferably, the water adding mechanism includes a water tank and a strip-shaped through hole, the water tank is fixed inside the rectangular frame, the strip-shaped through-hole is opened on the top surface of the rectangular frame, and the strip-shaped through-hole is inserted with A jacking plate, one side of the jacking plate is provided with a slope, two first electric cylinders are jointly fixed between the bottom of the jacking plate and the inner wall of the rectangular frame, and the top surface of the jacking plate is fixed There is a butt joint, a water pump is fixed on one side of the water tank, the water inlet end of the water pump communicates with the water tank, the water outlet end of the water pump communicates with the butt joint through a conduit, and the center of the top surface of the butt joint is fixed with a top The moving rod, the top surface of the butt pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes in a circular array.

Preferably, an extension tube is fixed on the bottom surface of the installation cylinder, and the extension tube extends downward to the bottom of the weight.

Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes four moving bars, two grooves, and a push plate, the two grooves are set at both ends of the limiting rod, and the four moving bars are respectively arranged on the two ends of the limiting rod. The four sides, the upper and lower ends of the side walls of the four moving bars are fixed with inserting rods, and the sides of the four moving bars away from the inserting rods are all fixed with elastic pads. After the inserting rods slide through the limit rod Extending to the inside of the groove, the end of the insertion rod away from the moving bar is fixed with a mounting piece, a second spring is fixed between the mounting piece and the inner wall of the groove, and a bar-shaped spring is provided on the side wall of the groove. The two ends of the limit rod are inserted with push pins, and the position of the push pin close to the insertion rod is provided with a slope, and the back side of the two push pins is provided with a push block, and the push block is inserted Standing inside the strip-shaped through groove, the push plate is slidably connected to the top surface of the rectangular frame, the push plate is in contact with the slope of the top moving plate, and a connecting bar is fixed between the push block and the push plate, A plurality of fourth springs are jointly fixed between the push plate and the vertical plate.

Preferably, an extruding plate is vertically slidably arranged inside the water storage chamber, and a third spring is jointly fixed between the extruding plate and the inner top surface of the water storage chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The extension shaft is limited by the positioning mechanism to prevent the rotation of the extension shaft, and the end of the wire rope far away from the force rod can be connected to the weight by means of a hook, and the wire rope is guided by the guide mechanism. Under the action of pulling, the force rod can be pulled by the wire rope to move to the end away from the weight to complete the loading of the normal force, and the weight can be loaded according to the test requirements. On the one hand, no hydraulic loading is needed, which reduces friction The complexity of the setup, on the other hand, eliminates the need for elastic loading, by loading with weights, which always maintain the stability of the normal force as the specimen pin wears.

2. By setting the limit rod to limit the limit groove, it is beneficial to avoid the shaking of the weight during the movement of the pallet, and by setting the rolling mechanism on the surface of the limit rod, it is beneficial to reduce the weight. The friction between the small weight and the limit rod when it moves up and down avoids sliding friction caused by direct contact between the weight and the limit rod, which affects the accuracy of the normal force loading of the weight on the sample pin. A slope is provided at the bottom of the groove to increase the insertion space at the bottom of the limiting groove and facilitate the insertion of the limiting rod.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention (another embodiment);

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in Fig. 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention (after the sample disc and its clamping device are removed);

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at B in Fig. 4 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the position of the positioning rod of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic view of the riser and the rectangular frame of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the section structure of the riser and the rectangular frame of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at C in Fig. 8 of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at D in Fig. 8 of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at E in Fig. 8 of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at F in Fig. 8 of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at G in FIG. 11 of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Support plate; 2. Linear bearing seat; 3. Extension shaft; 5. Sample pin; 501. Specimen pin holder; 502. Blind hole; 503. Set screw; ; 7, wire rope; 8, weight; 9, stretch out plate; 10, pressure sensor dynamometer; 11, main shaft; 12, connecting plate; 13, supporting plate; 14, connecting shaft; , sample plate; 18, installation groove; 19, pulley seat; 20, first pulley; 21, second pulley; 22, positioning hole; 23, limit chute; 24, positioning rod; 2401, ball bearing; 25 , vertical plate; 26, rectangular frame; 27, limit rod; 28, limit groove; 29, positioning piece; 30, rolling cylinder; 31, water storage cavity; cylinder; 35, water inlet tank; 36, sealing plug; 38, first spring; 39, limit ring; 40, communication hole; 41, water tank; 42, strip-shaped through hole; 43, top moving plate; 44, first Electric cylinder; 45, butt joint pipe; 46, water pump; 47, jacking rod; 48, water outlet hole; 49, extension pipe; 50, moving bar; 51, groove; 52, push plate; 53, inserting rod; 54, Elastic pad; 55, mounting piece; 56, second spring; 57, bar-shaped through groove; 58, push pin; 59, push block; 60, connecting bar; 61, fourth spring; 62, extrusion plate; third spring.

Detailed ways

The following description serves to disclose the present invention to enable those skilled in the art to carry out the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can devise other obvious variations.

A kind of friction and wear test device based on lathe as shown in Figure 1, comprises support plate 1, connecting shaft 14, and connecting shaft 14 is fixedly connected with the main shaft 11 of lathe, one side of support plate 1 is fixed with protruding plate 9, extends A pressure sensing dynamometer 10 is fixed on the bottom surface of the output plate 9, and a connecting plate 12 is fixed on the bottom surface of the pressure sensing dynamometer 10. The connecting plate 12 is fixedly installed on the supporting plate 13 of the lathe, and is characterized in that: A linear bearing seat 2 is fixed on the top surface of the outlet plate 9, an extension shaft 3 is slidably connected to the linear bearing seat 2, and the end of the extension shaft 3 is fixed with a sample pin 5 through the first clamp;

A force applying rod 6 is fixed on the side wall of the protruding shaft 3, and a steel wire rope 7 is fixed on the force applying rod 6. The end of the steel wire rope 7 far away from the force applying rod 6 is connected with a weight 8, and the linear bearing seat 2 and the support plate 1 share A guiding mechanism is fixed, and the guiding mechanism is used to guide the steel wire rope 7, so that the weight 8 can pull the force applying rod 6 to move to the left under the action of gravity;

The extension shaft 3 is provided with a positioning mechanism, which is used to position the extension shaft 3 and limit the rotation of the extension shaft 3;

A sample plate 15 is fixedly installed on the connecting shaft 14 through a second fixture; during work, the friction and wear test is an essential technical means to study the friction and wear characteristics of various materials, but at present, most of the friction and wear tests are carried out in special friction and wear test equipment. This will lead to the disadvantage of increasing the cost of purchasing equipment. However, under the premise of using existing lathes, pressure sensor dynamometers and other equipment, the friction and wear test devices designed mostly use the elastic force of the spring to measure the normal force. During the loading process, with the wear of the sample pin, the spring will elongate, causing the normal force to change, which will affect the accuracy of the test. This embodiment of the present invention can solve the above problems, specifically The working method is as follows, the sample plate 15 is clamped on the connecting shaft 14, the sample pin 5 is clamped on the extending shaft 3, and the longitudinal position of the lathe pallet 13 can be adjusted to drive the connecting plate 12, the pressure transmission The force sensor 10, the extension plate 9, the linear bearing seat 2, and the extension shaft 3 move to the side close to the sample disk 15 as a whole, so that the sample pin 5 is in contact with the sample disk 15;

The extension shaft 3 is limited by the positioning mechanism to prevent the rotation of the extension shaft 3, and the end of the wire rope 7 away from the force applying rod 6 can be connected with the weight 8 by means of a hook, and the wire rope 7 is guided by the guide mechanism , under the pulling effect of the weight 8, the force applying rod 6 can be pulled by the steel wire rope 7 to move to the end away from the weight 8, and the loading of the normal force is completed, and the weight 8 is loaded according to the test requirements. On the one hand, There is no need to use hydraulic loading, which reduces the complexity of the friction device. On the other hand, there is no need to use elastic loading, and the weight 8 is used to load, so that the stability of the normal force can always be maintained with the wear of the sample pin 5;

Finally, start the main shaft 11 of the lathe, drive the connecting shaft 14 and the sample disk 15 to rotate through the main shaft 11, so that the sample disk 15 and the sample pin 5 are contacted and rubbed, and the friction and wear test is carried out. 11 connection, adjusting the rotational speed of the lathe spindle 11, can synchronously adjust the speed of the relative movement between the sample pin 5 and the sample plate 15 in the contact state, without redesigning the transmission device, which greatly reduces the production cost;

By adjusting the lateral position of the lathe support plate 13, the change of the radius of gyration of the sample pin 5 on the sample disc 15 can be adjusted, the operation is simple and convenient, and the use is safe and stable;

During the friction and wear test, the sample pin 5 will generate a tangential pressure on the extension shaft 3, so that the entire linear bearing seat 2 and the support plate 1 are subjected to a downward pressure force. , the extension plate 9 connected with the support plate 1 will transmit the pressure force to the pressure sensor dynamometer 10, and can carry out indirect collection of tangential force data;

The first fixture includes a sample pin clamp body 501, a blind hole 502, and a set screw 503. The sample pin clamp body 501 is fixedly connected to the end of the extension shaft 3 through a countersunk screw, and the sample pin 5 is loaded into a blind hole. The sample pin holder of 502 is inside the specific 501, and the sample pin 5 is fixed with the set screw 503;

The second fixture includes a connecting shaft 14 and a rotating disc 1401. The connecting shaft 14 is fixed on the lathe spindle 11 through a countersunk screw. 1401 on.

As a further embodiment of the present invention, the guiding mechanism includes a mounting groove 18 and two pulley seats 19, both of which are fixed on the top surface of the linear bearing seat 2, and the inside of the two pulley seats 19 are rotatably connected with a first Pulley 20, installation groove 18 is offered on the top surface of support plate 1 one end, and the second pulley 21 is connected with rotation on the installation groove 18 inner wall, and second pulley 21 and two first pulleys 20 all carry out transmission connection with steel wire rope 7; , under the pulling effect of the weight 8, the steel wire rope 7 slides on the first pulley 20 and the second pulley 21, and the steel wire rope 7 pulls the force bar 6 after passing around the bottom of the first pulley 20 on the left side. , realize the turning and pulling of the steel wire rope 7, complete the guiding function, and make the force applying rod 6 move to the side close to the sample disk 15.

As a further embodiment of the present invention, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning hole 22 and a limit chute 23, the positioning hole 22 is set on the outer wall of the extension shaft 3, and the limit chute 23 is set on the top surface of the linear bearing seat 2, Positioning hole 22 and position-limiting chute 23 interiors are jointly inserted with positioning rod 24, and the bottom end of positioning rod 24 is in sliding contact with limiting chute 23 through ball bearing 2401; Inserted inside the positioning hole 22 and the limit chute 23, the extension shaft 3 can be positioned to prevent the extension shaft 3 from rotating in the linear bearing seat 2, so that the extension shaft 3 can only move laterally.

As shown in Figures 2 to 13, it is another embodiment of the present invention, the bottom surface of the support plate 1 is fixed with a vertical plate 25, the bottom of the vertical plate 25 is fixed with a rectangular frame 26, and the top surface of the rectangular frame 26 is symmetrical. Two limit rods 27 are fixed, and the top surface of the weight 8 is provided with a limit groove 28 suitable for the limit rod 27. The limit rod 27 is inserted in the limit groove 28, and the limit groove 28 There are slopes on the bottom surface, and multiple rolling mechanisms are vertically distributed on the four side walls of the stop rod 27, and the rolling mechanisms are used to make the stop rod 27 and the stop groove 28 rolling contact; When the supporting plate 13 pulls the connecting plate 12 to move and adjust the friction and wear radius of rotation of the sample pin 5 and the sample disc 15, the weight 8 moves with the connecting plate 12, and the weight 8 will shake during the moving process, and the connecting plate 12 After the movement is stopped, it is difficult for the weight 8 to stop shaking in time, and the shaking weight 8 will affect the pulling force on the force applying pin, thereby affecting the accuracy of the test. This embodiment of the present invention can solve the above problems, specifically The working method is as follows, by setting the limit rod 27, the limit groove 28 is limited, which is conducive to avoiding the shaking of the weight 8 during the movement of the supporting plate 13, and through the surface of the limit rod 27 Setting the rolling mechanism is beneficial to reduce the friction between the weight 8 and the limit rod 27 when moving up and down, avoiding the sliding friction caused by the direct contact between the weight 8 and the limit rod 27, and affecting the contact between the weight 8 and the sample pin 5. The accuracy of the magnitude of the normal force loading, by setting a slope at the bottom of the limiting groove 28, increases the insertion space at the bottom of the limiting groove 28, which is beneficial to the insertion of the limiting rod 27.

As a further embodiment of the present invention, the rolling machine includes two positioning pieces 29, and the two positioning pieces 29 are all fixed on the side wall of the limit rod 27, and a rolling cylinder 30 is connected to rotate between the two positioning pieces 29, and the rolling The cylinder 30 is in rolling contact with the limiting groove 28; during work, the rolling cylinder 30 is rotated and supported by the positioning piece 29, and the rolling cylinder 30 is in rolling contact with the limiting groove 28, which is beneficial to reduce the contact between the weight 8 when moving up and down. The frictional force between the position rods 27 avoids the direct contact between the weight 8 and the limit rod 27 to produce sliding friction, which affects the accuracy of the normal force loading of the weight 8 to the sample pin 5 .

As a further embodiment of the present invention, the inside of the weight 8 is provided with a water storage chamber 31, the top surface of the water storage chamber 31 is provided with an air vent 32, and the bottom of the water storage chamber 31 is provided with a water inlet 33, and the water inlet 33 is internally fixed. There is an installation cylinder 34 with the opening facing downwards. A water inlet 35 is provided on the side wall of the installation cylinder 34. A sealing plug 36 adapted to the water inlet 35 is inserted vertically on the inner wall of the installation cylinder 34. The top of the sealing plug 36 The first spring 38 is fixed together with the inner top surface of the installation cylinder 34, the limit ring 39 is fixed on the top surface of the sealing plug 36, the top surface of the installation cylinder 34 is provided with a communication hole 40, and the upper surface of the rectangular frame 26 is set There is a water adding mechanism, the water adding mechanism rises upwards and pushes the sealing plug 36 to break away from the water inlet tank 35 to add water, the limit rod 27 is provided with a limit mechanism, when the water add mechanism rises upward, the limit mechanism is used to adjust the weight 8 in advance Carry out spacing; During work, push down sealing plug 36 by first spring 38, the bottom of sealing plug 36 carries out spacing support by limit ring 39, thereby makes sealing plug 36 be positioned at the side of water inlet tank 35 all the time, to enter The water tank 35 is blocked to prevent the flow of water from flowing out of the water inlet tank 35. When the normal force of the sample pin 5 needs to be increased, the water adding mechanism is activated, and the water adding mechanism rises upwards and pushes the sealing plug 36, and the sealing plug 36 The water above can be discharged along the communication hole 40. After the sealing plug 36 is separated from the water inlet tank 35, water can be added to the water storage chamber 31 through the water inlet groove 35, and the air vent 32 is provided to help maintain the water storage chamber 31 in the process of adding water. The internal air pressure is balanced. When the water filling mechanism is separated from the installation cylinder 34 after the water filling is completed, the sealing plug 36 can move downward again under the elastic force of the first spring 38 to block the water inlet tank 35. This embodiment does not require manual labor. Add weight 8, automatically add water to complete the weight gain function, which is convenient and fast, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs of gravity, without disassembly and assembly;

And in the process that the water adding mechanism rises upwards, the limit mechanism can limit the weight 8 in advance to prevent the weight 8 from moving upward during the process of pushing the sealing plug 36, resulting in the force applied to the sample pin 5. When the axial force decreases, it is beneficial to maintain the stability of the normal force exerted by the weight 8 on the sample pin 5 by limiting the weight 8 in advance.

As a further embodiment of the present invention, the water adding mechanism includes a water tank 41, a strip-shaped through hole 42, the water tank 41 is fixed inside the rectangular frame 26, the strip-shaped through-hole 42 is opened on the top surface of the rectangular frame 26, and the strip-shaped through-hole 42 A jacking plate 43 is inserted inside, and a slope is provided on one side of the jacking plate 43, and two first electric cylinders 44 are jointly fixed between the bottom of the jacking plate 43 and the inner wall of the rectangular frame 26, and the top of the jacking plate 43 Butt joint pipe 45 is fixed on the top surface, and water pump 46 is fixed on one side of water tank 41. The position is fixed with a jacking rod 47, and a plurality of water outlet holes 48 are provided in a circular array on the top surface of the butt joint 45; during operation, by starting the two first electric cylinders 44, the two first electric cylinders 44 push upward plate 43, so that the jacking plate 43 drives the butt joint 45 and the jacking rod 47 to move upwards, and inserts the butt joint 45 and the jacking rod 47 into the inside of the installation cylinder 34, and pushes the sealing plug 36 upwards through the jacking rod 47 to make the sealing The plug 36 breaks away from the water inlet tank 35, so that the water inlet tank 35 communicates with the docking pipe 45. Then, the water pump 46 is started, and the water inside the water tank 41 is pumped into the inside of the installation cylinder 34 by the water pump 46, and the water inlet groove 35 along the side wall of the installation cylinder 34 Flow to the inside of the water storage chamber 31 to complete the function of adding water. After the water is added, the first electric cylinder 44 pulls the jacking plate 43 to move downward, so that the butt joint 45 and the jacking rod 47 are separated from the installation cylinder 34. In the first spring 38 Pushed by the elastic force, the sealing plug 36 can move down again to block the water inlet tank 35.

As a further embodiment of the present invention, an extension tube 49 is fixed on the bottom surface of the installation cylinder 34, and the extension tube 49 extends downward to the bottom of the weight 8; Before the sealing plug 36, the butt joint 45 can be inserted into the inside of the extension pipe 49 in advance to seal the bottom of the installation cylinder 34 to prevent the water flow inside the water inlet tank 35 from flowing to the outside of the weight 8 after the sealing plug 36 is separated from the water inlet tank 35;

An annular sealing plug can be glued on the edge of the top end of the butt joint 45, and when docked, the sealing ring can seal the butt joint 45 and the extension tube 49 when they are butt jointed.

As a further embodiment of the present invention, the limit mechanism includes four moving bars 50, two grooves 51, and a push plate 52. The two grooves 51 are provided at both ends of the limit rod 27, and the four moving bars 50 are respectively arranged On the four sides of the limit bar 27, the upper and lower ends of the side walls of the four moving bars 50 are fixed with inserting rods 53, and the sides of the four moving bars 50 away from the inserting bars 53 are all fixed with elastic pads 54, and the inserting bars 53 After sliding through the limit rod 27, it extends to the inside of the groove 51. The end of the insertion rod 53 away from the moving bar 50 is fixed with a mounting piece 55, and a second spring 56 is fixed between the mounting piece 55 and the inner wall of the groove 51. The side wall of 51 is provided with strip-shaped through groove 57, and the two ends of stop rod 27 are all inserted with push pin 58, and the position of push pin 58 near insertion rod 53 is all provided with inclined-plane, and the back side of two push pins 58 Pushing block 59 is all provided with, and pushing block 59 inserts and stands in bar-shaped through groove 57 inside, and pushing plate 52 is slidably connected on the top surface of rectangular frame 26, and pushing plate 52 contacts with the slope of top moving plate 43, and pushing block 59 A connecting strip 60 is fixed together with the push plate 52, and a plurality of fourth springs 61 are fixed between the push plate 52 and the vertical plate 25; during operation, when the top moving plate 43 moves upward, under the action of the inclined surface, The push plate 52 can be pushed to slide to the side away from the limit rod 27, and the connecting bar 60 and the push block 59 are synchronously slid to the side away from the limit rod 27 through the push plate 52, thereby pushing the push pin through the slope of the push block 59 58 moves to the side close to the insertion rod 53, and pushes the insertion rod 53 to move to the outside of the groove 51, drives the corresponding moving bar 50 and the elastic pad 54 to move to the side near the limit groove 28 through the insertion rod 53, and The inner wall of the limiting groove 28 is extruded, so that the elastic pads 54 are deformed, and the four elastic pads 54 clamp and limit the limiting groove 28, thereby preventing the weight 8 from moving up and down, which is beneficial to the connection between the connecting tube 45 and the extension tube. The stability of the butt joint connection of the pipe 49 is carried out.

As a further embodiment of the present invention, the interior of the water storage chamber 31 is vertically slidably provided with an extrusion plate 62, and a third spring 63 is fixed between the extrusion plate 62 and the inner top surface of the water storage chamber 31; during operation, When the weight 8 moves, the water flow inside the water storage chamber 31 is prone to shaking, which will affect the pulling force on the force applying pin, and then affect the accuracy of the test. This embodiment of the present invention can solve the above problems, specifically The working method is as follows, through the third spring 63, the extrusion plate 62 is elastically squeezed, so that the bottom surface of the extrusion plate 62 is in contact with the water surface, and then when the weight 8 moves, the water surface is squeezed by the extrusion plate 62 The position limit is beneficial to prevent the water flow from shaking.

The working principle of the present invention:

Clamp the sample plate 15 on the connecting shaft 14, clamp the sample pin 5 on the extending shaft 3, and adjust the longitudinal position of the lathe pallet 13 to drive the connecting plate 12 and the pressure sensing dynamometer 10 , the extension plate 9, the linear bearing seat 2, and the extension shaft 3 move to the side close to the sample disk 15 as a whole, so that the sample pin 5 contacts the sample disk 15; the extension shaft 3 is limited by the positioning mechanism , to prevent the extension shaft 3 from rotating, and the end of the steel wire rope 7 away from the force applying rod 6 can be connected with the weight 8 in a hooked manner, and the steel wire rope 7 is guided by the guiding mechanism, and under the pulling effect of the weight 8, The force applying rod 6 can be pulled by the steel wire rope 7 to move to the end away from the weight 8 to complete the loading of the normal force, and the weight 8 can be loaded according to the test requirements. complexity, on the other hand, there is no need to use elastic loading, and the load through the weight 8 can always maintain the stability of the normal force along with the wear of the sample pin 5; finally, start the main shaft 11 of the lathe, and drive the connecting shaft through the main shaft 11 14 and the sample disk 15 rotate, so that the sample disk 15 is contacted and rubbed with the sample pin 5, and the friction and wear test is carried out. By connecting the connecting shaft 14 with the lathe spindle 11 and adjusting the rotational speed of the lathe spindle 11, it can be adjusted synchronously. The relative movement speed of the contact state between the sample pin 5 and the sample disc 15 does not need to redesign the transmission device, which greatly reduces the production cost; by adjusting the lateral position of the lathe pallet 13, the position of the sample pin 5 on the sample can be adjusted. The change of the radius of gyration on the disk 15 is simple and convenient to operate, safe and stable to use; during the friction and wear test, the sample pin 5 will generate tangential pressure on the extension shaft 3, so that the linear bearing seat 2 and the support plate 1 The whole is subjected to a downward pressure force, and by opening the pressure sensing dynamometer 10, the extension plate 9 connected to the support plate 1 will transmit the pressure force to the pressure sensing dynamometer 10, and the tangential force data can be analyzed. Indirect collection; the sample pin clamp body 501 is fixedly connected to the end of the extension shaft 3 through a countersunk screw, the sample pin 5 is put into the inside of the sample pin clamp body 501 provided with a blind hole 502, and the set screw 503 is used to test The sample pin 5 is fixed; the connecting shaft 14 is fixed on the lathe spindle 11 by countersunk screws, the connecting shaft 14 is threaded with a rotating disk 1401 , and the sample disk 15 is fixed on the rotating disk 1401 by set screws 503 .

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only the principles of the present invention. Changes and improvements, these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. a friction and wear tester based on a lathe, comprising a support plate (1), a connecting shaft (14), the connecting shaft (14) is fixedly connected with the main shaft (11) of a lathe, and the support plate (1) A protruding plate (9) is fixed on one side, a pressure sensing dynamometer (10) is fixed on the bottom surface of the protruding plate (9), and a pressure sensing dynamometer (10) is fixed on the bottom surface of the pressure sensing dynamometer (10). The connection plate (12), the connection plate (12) is fixedly installed on the supporting plate (13) of the lathe, it is characterized in that: the top surface of the extension plate (9) is fixed with a linear bearing seat (2), An extension shaft (3) is slidably connected to the linear bearing seat (2), and a sample pin (5) is fixedly installed on the end of the extension shaft (3) through a first clamp; A force applying rod (6) is fixed on the side wall of the extension shaft (3), and a steel wire rope (7) is fixed on the force applying rod (6), and the steel wire rope (7) is far away from the force applying rod (6) A weight (8) is connected to one end of the linear bearing seat (2) and a guide mechanism is fixed on the support plate (1), and the guide mechanism is used to guide the steel wire rope (7), so that the weight (8 ) under the action of gravity, can pull the force applying rod (6) to move to the left; The extending shaft (3) is provided with a positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanism is used to position the extending shaft (3) and limit the rotation of the extending shaft (3); A sample disc (15) is fixedly installed on the connecting shaft (14) through a second clamp; A vertical board (25) is fixed on the bottom surface of the support plate (1), a rectangular frame (26) is fixed on the bottom of the vertical board (25), and two symmetrical frames are fixed on the top surface of the rectangular frame (26). A limit rod (27), the top surface of the weight (8) is provided with a limit groove (28) compatible with the limit rod (27), and the limit rod (27) is inserted in Inside the limiting groove (28), a slope is provided on the bottom surface of the limiting groove (28), and a plurality of rolling mechanisms are vertically distributed on the four side walls of the limiting rod (27). The rolling mechanism is used to make the limit rod (27) roll in contact with the limit groove (28); A water storage chamber (31) is provided inside the weight (8), an air vent (32) is provided on the top surface of the water storage chamber (31), and a heating port (32) is provided at the bottom of the water storage chamber (31). A water inlet (33), an installation cylinder (34) with an opening facing downwards is fixed inside the water inlet (33), and a water inlet groove (35) is provided on the side wall of the installation cylinder (34), and the installation cylinder (34) ) is vertically slidably inserted into the inner wall of the water inlet tank (35) with a sealing plug (36), and the top of the sealing plug (36) and the inner top surface of the installation cylinder (34) are jointly fixed with a second A spring (38), a limit ring (39) is fixed on the top surface of the sealing plug (36), a communication hole (40) is opened on the top surface of the installation cylinder (34), the rectangular frame (26 ) is provided with a water-adding mechanism, the water-adding mechanism rises upwards and pushes the sealing plug (36) away from the water inlet tank (35) to add water, and the limit rod (27) is provided with a limit mechanism, when the water-adding mechanism When rising, the limit mechanism is used to limit the weight (8) in advance. 2. A kind of friction and wear test device based on lathe according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described guiding mechanism comprises mounting groove (18), two pulley seats (19), two described pulley seats (19) ) are all fixed on the top surface of the linear bearing seat (2), and the inside of the two pulley seats (19) is connected with the first pulley (20) in rotation, and the installation groove (18) is opened on the support plate (1) On the top surface of one end, a second pulley (21) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the installation groove (18), and both the second pulley (21) and the two first pulleys (20) are driven by the steel wire rope (7). connect. 3. The friction and wear test device based on a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positioning mechanism includes a positioning hole (22) and a limit chute (23), and the positioning hole (22) is set On the outer wall of the protruding shaft (3), the limit chute (23) is provided on the top surface of the linear bearing seat (2), and the positioning hole (22) and the limit chute (23) are in common A positioning rod (24) is inserted, and the bottom end of the positioning rod (24) is in sliding contact with the limiting chute (23) through a ball bearing (2401). 4. The friction and wear test device based on a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rolling machine includes two positioning pieces (29), and the two positioning pieces (29) are fixed at the limit On the side wall of the rod (27), a rolling cylinder (30) is connected to rotate jointly between the two positioning pieces (29), and the rolling cylinder (30) is in rolling contact with the limiting groove (28). 5. The friction and wear test device based on a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water adding mechanism comprises a water tank (41) and a strip-shaped through hole (42), and the water tank (41) is fixed on a rectangular Inside the frame (26), the strip-shaped through-hole (42) is provided on the top surface of the rectangular frame (26), and the inside of the strip-shaped through-hole (42) is inserted with a top moving plate (43). One side of the jacking plate (43) is provided with a slope, and two first electric cylinders (44) are jointly fixed between the bottom of the jacking plate (43) and the inner wall of the rectangular frame (26). A butt joint (45) is fixed on the top surface of the plate (43), a water pump (46) is fixed on one side of the water tank (41), and the water inlet end of the water pump (46) communicates with the water tank (41). The water outlet end of the water pump (46) communicates with the butt pipe (45) through the conduit, and the center position of the top surface of the butt pipe (45) is fixed with a jacking rod (47), and the top surface of the butt pipe (45) A plurality of water outlet holes (48) are opened in a circular array. 6. A friction and wear test device based on a lathe according to claim 5, characterized in that: an extension tube (49) is fixed on the bottom surface of the installation cylinder (34), and the extension tube (49) is downward Extends below the weight (8). 7. The friction and wear test device based on a lathe according to claim 5, characterized in that: the limit mechanism includes four moving bars (50), two grooves (51), a push plate (52) , the two grooves (51) are provided at the two ends of the limit rod (27), the four moving bars (50) are respectively arranged on the four sides of the limit rod (27), and the four moving bars The upper and lower ends of the side walls of the bar (50) are fixed with inserting rods (53), and the four moving bars (50) are fixed with elastic pads (54) on the side away from the inserting rods (53). (53) slide through the limit rod (27) and extend to the inside of the groove (51). The end of the insertion rod (53) away from the moving bar (50) is fixed with a mounting piece (55), and the mounting piece (55 ) and the inner wall of the groove (51) are jointly fixed with a second spring (56), and the side wall of the groove (51) is provided with a bar-shaped through groove (57), and the stop rod (27) Both ends of the two push pins (58) are inserted with push pins (58), and the positions of the push pins (58) close to the insertion rod (53) are provided with inclined surfaces, and the back sides of the two push pins (58) are all provided with push blocks (59 ), the push block (59) is inserted into the inside of the bar-shaped through groove (57), and the push plate (52) is slidably connected on the top surface of the rectangular frame (26), and the push plate (52) and The inclined surface of the jacking plate (43) is in contact with each other, and the connecting bar (60) is fixed between the pushing block (59) and the pushing plate (52), and the common A plurality of fourth springs (61) are fixed. 8. A kind of friction and wear test device based on a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside of the water storage chamber (31) is vertically slidably provided with a squeeze plate (62), and the squeeze plate A third spring (63) is jointly fixed between (62) and the inner top surface of the water storage chamber (31).

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