CN115753473B - Friction and wear test device based on lathe - Google Patents
Friction and wear test device based on lathe Download PDFInfo
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- CN115753473B CN115753473B CN202211479476.9A CN202211479476A CN115753473B CN 115753473 B CN115753473 B CN 115753473B CN 202211479476 A CN202211479476 A CN 202211479476A CN 115753473 B CN115753473 B CN 115753473B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of friction and wear test devices, in particular to a friction and wear test device based on a lathe, which comprises a linear bearing seat, wherein a linear bearing seat is fixed on the top surface of an extension plate, an extension shaft is connected to the linear bearing seat in a sliding manner, and a sample pin is fixedly arranged at the end part of the extension shaft through a first clamp; a force application rod is fixed on the side wall of the extension shaft, a steel wire rope is fixed on the force application rod, and one end of the steel wire rope, which is far away from the force application rod, is connected with a weight; according to the invention, one end of the steel wire rope far away from the force application rod is connected with the weight, the steel wire rope is guided by the guide mechanism, the force application rod can be pulled by the steel wire rope to move towards one end far away from the weight under the pulling action of the weight, the normal force is loaded, and the weight is loaded according to test requirements, so that on one hand, hydraulic loading is not required, the complexity of a friction device is reduced, on the other hand, elastic loading is not required, and the stability of the normal force can be always maintained along with the abrasion of a sample pin through the loading of the weight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of friction and wear test devices, in particular to a friction and wear test device based on a lathe.
Background
Various frictional relative movements generate abrasion, and many factors influencing the abrasion, such as the material, the surface shape, the frictional movement form, the working condition, the lubrication mode and the like of the friction piece. Thus, it is difficult to evaluate the wear resistance of this type of coating, and it is generally possible to verify the wear resistance of the coating by simulating actual operating conditions.
The prior art discloses a part of Chinese patent with application number 20081014157. X related to a friction and wear test device, discloses a high-speed friction and wear test auxiliary device which is prepared and used on a lathe, and belongs to a key device for friction and wear test. The device comprises a bottom plate, wherein a horizontal guide rail pair is arranged at one end of the bottom plate, an auxiliary body is fixedly connected with a sliding block of the horizontal guide rail pair, a chuck for clamping a sample is arranged at one end of the auxiliary body, the other end of the auxiliary body is connected with one end of a horizontal spring, the other end of the horizontal spring is connected with a loading bolt, and the loading bolt is supported by a bolt seat arranged on the bottom plate.
The friction and wear test is a necessary technical means for researching friction and wear characteristics of various materials, but at present, the friction and wear test is mostly completed on special friction and wear test equipment, so that the defect of high equipment purchase cost is caused, and the designed friction and wear test device is used for loading normal force by the elastic force of a spring on the premise of utilizing equipment such as an existing lathe, a pressure sensing dynamometer and the like, and the spring stretches along with the abrasion of a sample pin in the loading process, so that the normal force is changed, and the accuracy of the test is further affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a friction and wear test device based on a lathe.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the friction and wear test device based on the lathe comprises a supporting plate and a connecting shaft, wherein the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a main shaft of the lathe, an extending plate is fixed on one side of the supporting plate, a pressure sensing dynamometer is fixed on the bottom surface of the extending plate, a connecting plate is fixed on the bottom surface of the pressure sensing dynamometer, the connecting plate is fixedly arranged on a supporting plate of the lathe, a linear bearing seat is fixed on the top surface of the extending plate, an extending shaft is connected onto the linear bearing seat in a sliding manner, and a sample pin is fixedly arranged at the end part of the extending shaft through a first clamp;
the side wall of the extending shaft is fixedly provided with a force application rod, the force application rod is fixedly provided with a steel wire rope, one end of the steel wire rope, which is far away from the force application rod, is connected with a weight, the linear bearing seat and the supporting plate are jointly fixedly provided with a guide mechanism, and the guide mechanism is used for guiding the steel wire rope, so that the weight can pull the force application rod to move leftwards under the action of gravity;
the positioning mechanism is used for positioning the extension shaft and limiting the rotation of the extension shaft;
the connecting shaft is fixedly provided with a sample disc through a second clamp.
Preferably, the guiding mechanism comprises a mounting groove and two pulley holders, wherein the two pulley holders are fixed on the top surface of the linear bearing seat, the two pulley holders are internally and rotatably connected with a first pulley, the mounting groove is formed in the top surface of one end of the supporting plate, the inner wall of the mounting groove is rotatably connected with a second pulley, and the second pulley and the two first pulleys are in transmission connection with the steel wire rope.
Preferably, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning hole and a limiting chute, the positioning hole is formed in the outer wall of the extension shaft, the limiting chute is formed in the top surface of the linear bearing seat, a positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole and the limiting chute together, and the bottom end of the positioning rod is in sliding contact with the limiting chute through a ball bearing.
Preferably, a vertical plate is fixed on the bottom surface of the supporting plate, a rectangular frame is fixed at the bottom of the vertical plate, two limiting rods are symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the rectangular frame, limiting grooves matched with the limiting rods are formed in the top surface of the weight, the limiting rods are inserted into the limiting grooves, inclined planes are formed in the bottom surface of the limiting grooves, a plurality of rolling mechanisms are vertically distributed on the four side walls of the limiting rods, and the rolling mechanisms are used for enabling the limiting rods to be in rolling contact with the limiting grooves.
Preferably, the rolling machine comprises two positioning sheets, wherein the two positioning sheets are fixed on the side wall of the limiting rod, a rolling cylinder is connected between the two positioning sheets in a co-rotation mode, and the rolling cylinder is in rolling contact with the limiting groove.
Preferably, the water storage cavity is formed in the weight, the top surface of the water storage cavity is provided with the ventilation port, the bottom of the water storage cavity is provided with the water filling port, the water filling port is internally fixed with the installation cylinder with the opening facing downwards, the side wall of the installation cylinder is provided with the water inlet groove, the sealing plug matched with the water inlet groove is vertically inserted on the inner wall of the installation cylinder in a sliding manner, a first spring is jointly fixed between the top of the sealing plug and the inner top surface of the installation cylinder, the top surface of the sealing plug is fixedly provided with the limiting ring, the top surface of the installation cylinder is provided with the communication hole, the rectangular frame is provided with the water filling mechanism, the water filling mechanism is lifted upwards and pushes the sealing plug to be separated from the water inlet groove for filling water, the limiting rod is provided with the limiting mechanism, and when the water filling mechanism is lifted upwards, the limiting mechanism is used for limiting the weight in advance.
Preferably, the water adding mechanism comprises a water tank and a strip-shaped through hole, the water tank is fixed in the rectangular frame, the strip-shaped through hole is formed in the top surface of the rectangular frame, a top moving plate is inserted in the strip-shaped through hole, an inclined surface is formed in one side of the top moving plate, two first electric cylinders are jointly fixed between the bottom of the top moving plate and the inner wall of the rectangular frame, a butt joint pipe is fixed on the top surface of the top moving plate, a water pump is fixed on one side of the water tank, the water inlet end of the water pump is communicated with the water tank, the water outlet end of the water pump is communicated with the butt joint pipe through a guide pipe, a top moving rod is fixed in the center position of the top surface of the butt joint pipe, and a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in a circumferential array on the top surface of the butt joint pipe.
Preferably, an extension tube is fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting cylinder, and the extension tube extends downwards to the lower part of the weight.
Preferably, the stop gear includes four removal bars, two recesses, fly leaf, two the recess is seted up at the both ends of gag lever post, four the removal bars set up respectively in four sides of gag lever post, four the upper and lower both ends of removal bar lateral wall all are fixed with the inserted bar, four the removal bar is kept away from one side of inserted bar and all is fixed with the elastic pad, the inserted bar slides and runs through inside the recess after running through the gag lever post, the one end that the removal bar was kept away from to the inserted bar is fixed with the mounting plate, be fixed with the second spring jointly between the inner wall of mounting plate and recess, the bar logical groove has been seted up on the lateral wall of recess, the pushing pin has all been inserted at the both ends of gag lever post, the inclined plane has all been seted up to the back side of two pushing pins, the pushing block inserts and stands inside the bar logical inslot, fly leaf sliding connection is on the top surface of rectangle frame, the inclined plane of fly leaf and top fly leaf, jointly be fixed with the connecting plate jointly between pushing block and the fly leaf, jointly be fixed with a plurality of springs jointly between four.
Preferably, the inside of the water storage cavity is vertically provided with an extrusion plate in a sliding manner, and a third spring is jointly fixed between the extrusion plate and the inner top surface of the water storage cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the positioning mechanism is used for limiting the extension shaft, preventing the extension shaft from rotating, one end of the steel wire rope, far away from the force application rod, can be connected with the weight in a hanging mode, guides the steel wire rope through the guiding mechanism, can move to one end far away from the weight through the steel wire rope pulling force application rod under the pulling action of the weight, and completes normal force loading, and loads the weight according to test requirements, on one hand, hydraulic loading is not needed, complexity of a friction device is reduced, on the other hand, elastic loading is not needed, and stability of the normal force can be maintained all the time along with abrasion of a sample pin through weight loading.
2. Through setting up the gag lever post, carry out spacingly to the spacing groove, be favorable to avoiding the condition of weight along with the in-process that the layer board removed, take place to rock to through set up rolling mechanism at the surface of gag lever post, be favorable to reducing the frictional force between weight and the gag lever post when reciprocating, avoid weight and gag lever post direct contact to produce sliding friction, influence the accuracy of normal force loading size of weight to the sample pin, through seting up the inclined plane in the bottom of spacing groove, increase the insertion space of spacing groove bottom, be favorable to the insertion of gag lever post.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention (another embodiment);
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention (with the sample tray and clamping device removed);
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 4 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sectional structure of a positioning rod according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the riser and rectangular frame of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure of a riser and rectangular frame of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 8 according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 8 according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 8 according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 8 at F in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 13 is an enlarged view of the structure of fig. 11 at G according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a support plate; 2. a linear bearing seat; 3. a projecting shaft; 5. a sample pin; 501. a sample pin clamp body; 502. a blind hole; 503. a set screw; 6. a force application rod; 7. a wire rope; 8. a weight; 9. a protruding plate; 10. a pressure sensing load cell; 11. a main shaft; 12. a connecting plate; 13. a supporting plate; 14. a connecting shaft; 1401. a rotating disc; 15. a sample tray; 18. a mounting groove; 19. a pulley seat; 20. a first pulley; 21. a second pulley; 22. positioning holes; 23. limiting sliding grooves; 24. a positioning rod; 2401. a ball bearing; 25. a riser; 26. a rectangular frame; 27. a limit rod; 28. a limit groove; 29. a positioning sheet; 30. a rolling cylinder; 31. a water storage cavity; 32. a ventilation port; 33. a water inlet; 34. a mounting cylinder; 35. a water inlet tank; 36. a sealing plug; 38. a first spring; 39. a limiting ring; 40. a communication hole; 41. a water tank; 42. a bar-shaped through hole; 43. a top movable plate; 44. a first electric cylinder; 45. a butt joint pipe; 46. a water pump; 47. pushing the movable rod; 48. a water outlet hole; 49. an extension tube; 50. moving the bar; 51. a groove; 52. a pushing plate; 53. a rod; 54. an elastic pad; 55. a mounting piece; 56. a second spring; 57. a strip-shaped through groove; 58. pushing the pin; 59. a pushing block; 60. a connecting strip; 61. a fourth spring; 62. an extrusion plate; 63. and a third spring.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are by way of example only and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
The friction and wear test device based on the lathe as shown in fig. 1 comprises a supporting plate 1 and a connecting shaft 14, wherein the connecting shaft 14 is fixedly connected with a main shaft 11 of the lathe, one side of the supporting plate 1 is fixedly provided with an extending plate 9, the bottom surface of the extending plate 9 is fixedly provided with a pressure sensing dynamometer 10, the bottom surface of the pressure sensing dynamometer 10 is fixedly provided with a connecting plate 12, and the connecting plate 12 is fixedly arranged on a supporting plate 13 of the lathe, and the friction and wear test device is characterized in that: a linear bearing seat 2 is fixed on the top surface of the extension plate 9, an extension shaft 3 is connected on the linear bearing seat 2 in a sliding manner, and a sample pin 5 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the extension shaft 3 through a first clamp;
the side wall of the extension shaft 3 is fixedly provided with a force application rod 6, the force application rod 6 is fixedly provided with a steel wire rope 7, one end of the steel wire rope 7 far away from the force application rod 6 is connected with a weight 8, the linear bearing seat 2 and the support plate 1 are jointly fixedly provided with a guide mechanism, and the guide mechanism is used for guiding the steel wire rope 7, so that the weight 8 can pull the force application rod 6 to move leftwards under the action of gravity;
the positioning mechanism is arranged on the extension shaft 3 and is used for positioning the extension shaft 3 and limiting the rotation of the extension shaft 3;
the connecting shaft 14 is fixedly provided with a sample disk 15 through a second clamp; in the process of loading, the spring stretches along with the abrasion of the sample pin, so that the normal force changes, and the accuracy of the test is affected;
the positioning mechanism is used for limiting the extension shaft 3 to prevent the extension shaft 3 from rotating, one end of the steel wire rope 7 far away from the force application rod 6 can be connected with the weight 8 in a hanging manner, the steel wire rope 7 is guided by the guiding mechanism, the force application rod 6 can be pulled by the steel wire rope 7 to move towards one end far away from the weight 8 under the pulling action of the weight 8, loading of normal force is completed, the weight 8 is loaded according to test requirements, on one hand, hydraulic loading is not needed, the complexity of a friction device is reduced, on the other hand, elastic loading is not needed, and the stability of the normal force can be maintained all the time along with the abrasion of the sample pin 5 through the loading of the weight 8;
finally, the main shaft 11 of the lathe is started, the main shaft 11 drives the connecting shaft 14 and the sample disc 15 to rotate, so that the sample disc 15 and the sample pin 5 are in contact friction, a friction and wear test is carried out, the rotating speed of the main shaft 11 of the lathe is adjusted by connecting the connecting shaft 14 with the main shaft 11 of the lathe, the relative movement speed of the contact state between the sample pin 5 and the sample disc 15 can be synchronously adjusted, a speed change device is not required to be redesigned, and the production cost is greatly reduced;
the change of the turning radius of the sample pin 5 on the sample disc 15 can be regulated by regulating the transverse position of the lathe supporting plate 13, the operation is simple and convenient, and the use is safe and stable;
in the friction and wear test process, the sample pin 5 can generate tangential pressure on the extension shaft 3, so that the whole of the linear bearing seat 2 and the supporting plate 1 is subjected to downward pressure force, the pressure force is transmitted to the pressure sensing dynamometer 10 by opening the pressure sensing dynamometer 10, and the extension plate 9 connected with the supporting plate 1 can indirectly acquire tangential force data;
the first clamp comprises a sample pin clamp body 501, a blind hole 502 and a set screw 503, wherein the sample pin clamp body 501 is fixedly connected to the end part of the extension shaft 3 through a countersunk screw, a sample pin 5 is arranged in the sample pin clamp body 501 provided with the blind hole 502, and the set screw 503 is used for fixing the sample pin 5;
the second clamp comprises a connecting shaft 14 and a rotating disc 1401, wherein the connecting shaft 14 is fixed on the lathe spindle 11 through a countersunk screw, the rotating disc 1401 is connected to the connecting shaft 14 in a threaded mode, and the sample disc 15 is fixed on the rotating disc 1401 through a set screw 503.
As a further embodiment of the invention, the guiding mechanism comprises a mounting groove 18 and two pulley seats 19, wherein the two pulley seats 19 are fixed on the top surface of the linear bearing seat 2, the insides of the two pulley seats 19 are respectively and rotatably connected with a first pulley 20, the mounting groove 18 is arranged on the top surface of one end of the supporting plate 1, the inner wall of the mounting groove 18 is rotatably connected with a second pulley 21, and the second pulley 21 and the two first pulleys 20 are respectively and rotatably connected with the steel wire rope 7; during operation, under the pulling action of the weight 8, the steel wire rope 7 slides on the first pulley 20 and the second pulley 21, and the steel wire rope 7 pulls the force application rod 6 after bypassing the lower part of the first pulley 20 on the left side, so that the steering pulling of the steel wire rope 7 is realized, the guiding function is completed, and the force application rod 6 moves to one side close to the sample disc 15.
As a further embodiment of the invention, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning hole 22 and a limiting chute 23, wherein the positioning hole 22 is formed in the outer wall of the extension shaft 3, the limiting chute 23 is formed on the top surface of the linear bearing seat 2, a positioning rod 24 is jointly inserted into the positioning hole 22 and the limiting chute 23, and the bottom end of the positioning rod 24 is in sliding contact with the limiting chute 23 through a ball bearing 2401; in operation, the positioning rod 24 provided with the ball bearing 2401 is inserted into the positioning hole 22 and the limiting chute 23, so that the extension shaft 3 can be positioned, and the extension shaft 3 is prevented from rotating in the linear bearing seat 2, so that the extension shaft 3 can only move transversely.
As shown in fig. 2 to 13, in another embodiment of the present invention, a vertical plate 25 is fixed on the bottom surface of a supporting plate 1, a rectangular frame 26 is fixed at the bottom of the vertical plate 25, two limiting rods 27 are symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the rectangular frame 26, a limiting groove 28 matched with the limiting rod 27 is formed on the top surface of a weight 8, the limiting rod 27 is inserted into the limiting groove 28, an inclined surface is formed on the bottom surface of the limiting groove 28, a plurality of rolling mechanisms are vertically distributed on four side walls of the limiting rod 27, and the rolling mechanisms are used for enabling the limiting rod 27 to be in rolling contact with the limiting groove 28; when the device is in operation, when the connecting plate 12 is pulled by the supporting plate 13 on the lathe to move and adjust the friction and wear turning radius of the sample pin 5 and the sample disc 15, the weight 8 moves along with the connecting plate 12, the weight 8 can shake in the moving process, after the connecting plate 12 stops moving, the weight 8 is difficult to stop shaking in time, the shaking weight 8 can influence the pulling acting force of the force application pin, and further the accuracy of a test is influenced, the device can solve the problems, and the device particularly works in the following way, by arranging the limiting rod 27, the limiting groove 28 is limited, so that the shaking condition of the weight 8 in the moving process along with the supporting plate 13 is avoided, and by arranging the rolling mechanism on the surface of the limiting rod 27, the friction force between the weight 8 and the limiting rod 27 in the up-down moving process is reduced, the sliding friction generated by direct contact of the weight 8 and the limiting rod 27 is avoided, the accuracy of the normal force loading of the weight 8 on the sample pin 5 is influenced, and the inserting space at the bottom of the limiting rod 28 is increased by arranging the inclined plane at the bottom of the limiting groove 28, so that the insertion of the limiting rod 27 is facilitated.
As a further embodiment of the invention, the rolling machine comprises two positioning plates 29, wherein the two positioning plates 29 are fixed on the side wall of the limiting rod 27, a rolling cylinder 30 is connected between the two positioning plates 29 in a common rotation way, and the rolling cylinder 30 is in rolling contact with the limiting groove 28; during operation, the rolling barrel 30 is rotatably supported through the locating plate 29, and the rolling barrel 30 is in rolling contact with the limit groove 28, so that friction force between the weight 8 and the limit rod 27 during up-and-down movement is reduced, sliding friction generated by direct contact of the weight 8 and the limit rod 27 is avoided, and accuracy of normal force loading of the weight 8 on the sample pin 5 is affected.
As a further embodiment of the invention, a water storage cavity 31 is formed in the weight 8, a ventilation opening 32 is formed in the top surface of the water storage cavity 31, a water filling opening 33 is formed in the bottom of the water storage cavity 31, a mounting cylinder 34 with a downward opening is fixed in the water filling opening 33, a water inlet groove 35 is formed in the side wall of the mounting cylinder 34, a sealing plug 36 matched with the water inlet groove 35 is vertically and slidably inserted on the inner wall of the mounting cylinder 34, a first spring 38 is jointly fixed between the top of the sealing plug 36 and the inner top surface of the mounting cylinder 34, a limiting ring 39 is fixed on the top surface of the sealing plug 36, a communication hole 40 is formed in the top surface of the mounting cylinder 34, a water filling mechanism is arranged on the rectangular frame 26, the water filling mechanism rises upwards and pushes the sealing plug 36 to be separated from the water inlet groove 35 for water filling, and a limiting mechanism is arranged on the limiting rod 27 and is used for limiting the weight 8 in advance when the water filling mechanism rises upwards; when the device works, the sealing plug 36 is pushed downwards through the first spring 38, the bottom of the sealing plug 36 is supported in a limiting way through the limiting ring 39, so that the sealing plug 36 is always positioned on one side of the water inlet groove 35, the water flow is prevented from flowing out of the water inlet groove 35, when the normal force of the sample pin 5 needs to be increased, the water adding mechanism is started to rise upwards and push the sealing plug 36, water above the sealing plug 36 can be discharged along the communication hole 40, after the sealing plug 36 is separated from the water inlet groove 35, water can be added into the water storage cavity 31 through the water inlet groove 35, and the ventilation port 32 is arranged, so that the air pressure balance in the water storage cavity 31 in the water adding process is maintained;
and in the ascending in-process of mechanism that adds water, stop gear can carry out spacingly to weight 8 in advance, prevents to move upward at the in-process of pushing up sealing plug 36, and the normal force that leads to exerting sample pin 5 reduces the condition and takes place, carries out spacingly to weight 8 in advance, is favorable to maintaining the stability of the normal force that weight 8 applyed sample pin 5.
As a further embodiment of the invention, the water adding mechanism comprises a water tank 41 and a strip-shaped through hole 42, wherein the water tank 41 is fixed in the rectangular frame 26, the strip-shaped through hole 42 is formed in the top surface of the rectangular frame 26, a top movable plate 43 is inserted in the strip-shaped through hole 42, one side of the top movable plate 43 is provided with an inclined surface, two first electric cylinders 44 are jointly fixed between the bottom of the top movable plate 43 and the inner wall of the rectangular frame 26, a butt joint pipe 45 is fixed on the top surface of the top movable plate 43, a water pump 46 is fixed on one side of the water tank 41, the water inlet end of the water pump 46 is communicated with the water tank 41, the water outlet end of the water pump 46 is communicated with the butt joint pipe 45 through a guide pipe, a top movable rod 47 is fixed in the center of the top surface of the butt joint pipe 45, and a plurality of water outlet holes 48 are formed in a circumferential array on the top surface of the butt joint pipe 45; when the water tank device works, the two first electric cylinders 44 are started, the two first electric cylinders 44 push the jacking plate 43 upwards, the jacking plate 43 drives the butt joint pipe 45 and the jacking rod 47 to move upwards, the butt joint pipe 45 and the jacking rod 47 are inserted into the mounting cylinder 34, the sealing plug 36 is jacked upwards through the jacking rod 47, the sealing plug 36 is separated from the water inlet tank 35, the water inlet tank 35 is communicated with the butt joint pipe 45, then the water pump 46 is started, water in the water tank 41 is pumped into the mounting cylinder 34 through the water pump 46, and flows into the water storage cavity 31 along the water inlet tank 35 on the side wall of the mounting cylinder 34, after the water adding function is completed, the jacking plate 43 is pulled to move downwards through the first electric cylinders 44, the butt joint pipe 45 and the jacking rod 47 are separated from the mounting cylinder 34, and the sealing plug 36 can move downwards again under the pushing of the elasticity of the first spring 38, and the water inlet tank 35 is plugged.
As a further embodiment of the invention, an extension tube 49 is fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting cylinder 34, and the extension tube 49 extends downwards to below the weight 8; when the device works, the extension pipe 49 is arranged, so that before the pushing rod 47 pushes the sealing plug 36, the butt joint pipe 45 can be inserted into the extension pipe 49 in advance to seal the lower part of the mounting cylinder 34, and the situation that the water flow in the water inlet tank 35 flows to the outer side of the weight 8 after the sealing plug 36 is separated from the water inlet tank 35 is prevented;
an annular sealing plug can be glued to the edge of the top end of the abutting pipe 45, and when abutting, the sealing ring can seal the abutting pipe 45 and the extension pipe 49 when abutting.
As a further embodiment of the present invention, the limiting mechanism includes four moving bars 50, two grooves 51 and a pushing plate 52, the two grooves 51 are opened at two ends of the limiting bar 27, the four moving bars 50 are respectively disposed at four sides of the limiting bar 27, the upper and lower ends of the side walls of the four moving bars 50 are respectively fixed with a push rod 53, one side of the four moving bars 50 far away from the push rod 53 is respectively fixed with an elastic pad 54, the push rod 53 penetrates through the limiting bar 27 in a sliding manner and extends into the grooves 51, one end of the push rod 53 far away from the moving bars 50 is fixed with a mounting plate 55, a second spring 56 is jointly fixed between the mounting plate 55 and the inner wall of the grooves 51, a bar-shaped through groove 57 is opened on the side wall of the grooves 51, pushing pins 58 are respectively inserted at two ends of the limiting bar 27, inclined surfaces are respectively opened at positions of the pushing pins 58 close to the push rod 53, pushing blocks 59 are respectively disposed at the opposite sides of the pushing pins 58, the pushing blocks 59 are respectively inserted and stand inside the bar-shaped through grooves 57, the pushing plate 52 is slidingly connected to the top surface of the rectangular frame 26, the pushing plate 52 is contacted with the inclined surfaces of the pushing plate 43, a plurality of pushing plates 52 are jointly fixed with the pushing plates 60, and the four vertical plates 25 are jointly connected with the pushing plates 52; when the pushing plate 43 moves upwards, under the action of the inclined plane, the pushing plate 52 can be pushed to slide to the side far away from the limiting rod 27, the connecting bar 60 and the pushing block 59 are driven by the pushing plate 52 to synchronously slide to the side far away from the limiting rod 27, so that the pushing pin 58 is pushed to move to the side close to the inserting rod 53 by the inclined plane of the pushing block 59, the inserting rod 53 is pushed to move to the outer side of the groove 51, the corresponding moving bar 50 and the elastic pad 54 are driven to move to the side close to the limiting groove 28 by the inserting rod 53, the inner wall of the limiting groove 28 is extruded, the elastic pad 54 is deformed, the limiting groove 28 is clamped and limited by the four elastic pads 54, the weight 8 can be prevented from moving up and down, and the butt joint communication between the connecting pipe 45 and the extension pipe 49 is facilitated.
As a further embodiment of the present invention, the inside of the water storage chamber 31 is vertically slidably provided with a pressing plate 62, and a third spring 63 is commonly fixed between the pressing plate 62 and the inner top surface of the water storage chamber 31; when the weight 8 moves, the water flow in the water storage cavity 31 is easy to change and shake, the pulling acting force on the force application pin is influenced, and the accuracy of the test is further influenced.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
clamping the sample disk 15 on the connecting shaft 14, clamping the sample pin 5 on the projecting shaft 3, and adjusting the longitudinal position of the lathe supporting plate 13 to drive the connecting plate 12, the pressure sensing force gauge 10, the projecting plate 9, the linear bearing seat 2 and the projecting shaft 3 to move towards the side close to the sample disk 15 integrally, so that the sample pin 5 is in contact with the sample disk 15; the positioning mechanism is used for limiting the extension shaft 3 to prevent the extension shaft 3 from rotating, one end of the steel wire rope 7 far away from the force application rod 6 can be connected with the weight 8 in a hanging manner, the steel wire rope 7 is guided by the guiding mechanism, the force application rod 6 can be pulled by the steel wire rope 7 to move towards one end far away from the weight 8 under the pulling action of the weight 8, loading of normal force is completed, the weight 8 is loaded according to test requirements, on one hand, hydraulic loading is not needed, the complexity of a friction device is reduced, on the other hand, elastic loading is not needed, and the stability of the normal force can be maintained all the time along with the abrasion of the sample pin 5 through the loading of the weight 8; finally, the main shaft 11 of the lathe is started, the main shaft 11 drives the connecting shaft 14 and the sample disc 15 to rotate, so that the sample disc 15 and the sample pin 5 are in contact friction, a friction and wear test is carried out, the rotating speed of the main shaft 11 of the lathe is adjusted by connecting the connecting shaft 14 with the main shaft 11 of the lathe, the relative movement speed of the contact state between the sample pin 5 and the sample disc 15 can be synchronously adjusted, a speed change device is not required to be redesigned, and the production cost is greatly reduced; the change of the turning radius of the sample pin 5 on the sample disc 15 can be regulated by regulating the transverse position of the lathe supporting plate 13, the operation is simple and convenient, and the use is safe and stable; in the friction and wear test process, the sample pin 5 can generate tangential pressure on the extension shaft 3, so that the whole of the linear bearing seat 2 and the supporting plate 1 is subjected to downward pressure force, the pressure force is transmitted to the pressure sensing dynamometer 10 by opening the pressure sensing dynamometer 10, and the extension plate 9 connected with the supporting plate 1 can indirectly acquire tangential force data; the sample pin clamp body 501 is fixedly connected to the end part of the extension shaft 3 through a countersunk screw, the sample pin 5 is arranged in the sample pin clamp body 501 provided with a blind hole 502, and the sample pin 5 is fixed through a set screw 503; the connecting shaft 14 is fixed to the lathe spindle 11 by a countersunk screw, a rotary disk 1401 is screwed to the connecting shaft 14, and the sample disk 15 is fixed to the rotary disk 1401 by a set screw 503.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, but rather, the foregoing embodiments and description illustrate the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be effected therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a frictional wear test device based on lathe, includes backup pad (1), connecting axle (14) and main shaft (11) fixed connection of lathe, one side of backup pad (1) is fixed with stretches out board (9), be fixed with pressure sensing dynamometer (10) on the bottom surface of stretching out board (9), be fixed with connecting plate (12) on the bottom surface of pressure sensing dynamometer (10), connecting plate (12) fixed mounting is on layer board (13) of lathe, its characterized in that: a linear bearing seat (2) is fixed on the top surface of the extending plate (9), an extending shaft (3) is connected to the linear bearing seat (2) in a sliding manner, and a sample pin (5) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the extending shaft (3) through a first clamp;
a force application rod (6) is fixed on the side wall of the extension shaft (3), a steel wire rope (7) is fixed on the force application rod (6), one end of the steel wire rope (7) far away from the force application rod (6) is connected with a weight (8), a guide mechanism is jointly fixed on the linear bearing seat (2) and the support plate (1), and the guide mechanism is used for guiding the steel wire rope (7) so that the weight (8) can pull the force application rod (6) to move leftwards under the action of gravity;
the positioning mechanism is arranged on the extension shaft (3) and used for positioning the extension shaft (3) and limiting the rotation of the extension shaft (3);
the connecting shaft (14) is fixedly provided with a sample disc (15) through a second clamp;
a vertical plate (25) is fixed on the bottom surface of the supporting plate (1), a rectangular frame (26) is fixed at the bottom of the vertical plate (25), two limiting rods (27) are symmetrically fixed on the top surface of the rectangular frame (26), a limiting groove (28) matched with the limiting rods (27) is formed in the top surface of the weight (8), the limiting rods (27) are inserted into the limiting grooves (28), inclined surfaces are formed in the bottom surface of the limiting grooves (28), and a plurality of rolling mechanisms are vertically distributed on the four side walls of the limiting rods (27) and used for enabling the limiting rods (27) to be in rolling contact with the limiting grooves (28);
the weight (8) is inside to be offered water storage chamber (31), ventilation mouth (32) have been offered on the top surface of water storage chamber (31), water filling port (33) have been offered to the bottom of water storage chamber (31), water filling port (33) inside is fixed with down installation section of thick bamboo (34), water inlet channel (35) have been offered on the lateral wall of installation section of thick bamboo (34), vertical slip has been inserted on the inner wall of installation section of thick bamboo (34) with sealing plug (36) of water inlet channel (35) adaptation, jointly be fixed with first spring (38) between the top of sealing plug (36) and the interior top surface of installation section of thick bamboo (34), be fixed with spacing ring (39) on the top surface of sealing plug (36), communication hole (40) have been offered on the top surface of installation section of thick bamboo (34), be provided with water adding mechanism on rectangle frame (26), water adding mechanism upwards risees and pushes up and moves sealing plug (36) and break away from water inlet channel (35) and add water, be provided with stop gear on stop lever (27), when water adding mechanism risees upward, be used for spacing weight (8) in advance.
2. The lathe-based frictional wear test device according to claim 1, wherein: the guide mechanism comprises a mounting groove (18), two pulley seats (19), wherein the two pulley seats (19) are fixed on the top surface of the linear bearing seat (2), the two pulley seats (19) are internally and rotatably connected with a first pulley (20), the mounting groove (18) is formed in the top surface of one end of the supporting plate (1), a second pulley (21) is rotatably connected on the inner wall of the mounting groove (18), and the second pulley (21) and the two first pulleys (20) are in transmission connection with the steel wire rope (7).
3. The lathe-based frictional wear test device according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning hole (22) and a limiting chute (23), wherein the positioning hole (22) is formed in the outer wall of the extending shaft (3), the limiting chute (23) is formed in the top surface of the linear bearing seat (2), a positioning rod (24) is inserted into the positioning hole (22) and the limiting chute (23) together, and the bottom end of the positioning rod (24) is in sliding contact with the limiting chute (23) through a ball bearing (2401).
4. The lathe-based frictional wear test device according to claim 1, wherein: the rolling machine comprises two positioning sheets (29), wherein the two positioning sheets (29) are fixed on the side wall of the limiting rod (27), a rolling barrel (30) is connected between the two positioning sheets (29) in a common rotation mode, and the rolling barrel (30) is in rolling contact with the limiting groove (28).
5. The lathe-based frictional wear test device according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model provides a water adding mechanism includes water tank (41), bar through-hole (42), the inside at rectangle frame (26) is fixed to water tank (41), bar through-hole (42) are seted up on the top surface of rectangle frame (26), bar through-hole (42) are inside to be inserted and are equipped with top movable plate (43), the inclined plane has been seted up to one side of top movable plate (43), be fixed with jointly between the inner wall of bottom and rectangle frame (26) of top movable plate (43) two first electric cylinders (44), be fixed with on the top surface of top movable plate (43) and take over (45), one side of water tank (41) is fixed with water pump (46), the water inlet end and the water tank (41) intercommunication of water pump (46), the water outlet end of water pump (46) is through pipe and take over (45) intercommunication, the top surface central point of taking over (45) is fixed with top movable rod (47), be circumference array on the top surface of taking over (45) and offer a plurality of apopores (48).
6. The lathe-based frictional wear test device according to claim 5, wherein: an extension tube (49) is fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting cylinder (34), and the extension tube (49) extends downwards to the lower part of the weight (8).
7. The lathe-based frictional wear test device according to claim 5, wherein: the limiting mechanism comprises four moving bars (50), two grooves (51) and a pushing plate (52), wherein the two grooves (51) are formed in two ends of the limiting rod (27), the four moving bars (50) are respectively arranged on four sides of the limiting rod (27), inserting rods (53) are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the side wall of the moving bar (50), elastic pads (54) are respectively fixed at one side, far away from the inserting rods (53), of the four moving bars (50), the inserting rods (53) extend into the grooves (51) after penetrating through the limiting rod (27) in a sliding mode, mounting plates (55) are respectively fixed at one end, far away from the moving bars (50), between the mounting plates (55) and the inner wall of the grooves (51), second springs (56) are respectively fixed on the side walls of the grooves (51), pushing pins (58) are respectively inserted at two ends of the limiting rod (27), pushing pins (58) are respectively arranged at positions, close to the inserting rods (53), pushing blocks (52) are respectively arranged at the positions, close to the inserting rods (53), the pushing blocks (52) are respectively arranged on the side of the rectangular pushing plates (52), the pushing blocks (52) are respectively connected with the side of the rectangular pushing blocks (52), the pushing blocks (52) are arranged on the side of the rectangular blocks, the rectangular blocks (52) and the side blocks are connected with the top blocks (52) by the pushing blocks, a connecting strip (60) is jointly fixed between the pushing block (59) and the pushing plate (52), and a plurality of fourth springs (61) are jointly fixed between the pushing plate (52) and the vertical plate (25).
8. The lathe-based frictional wear test device according to claim 1, wherein: the inside of retaining chamber (31) is provided with squeeze plate (62) in the vertical slip, be fixed with third spring (63) jointly between squeeze plate (62) and the interior top surface of retaining chamber (31).
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| CN202211479476.9A CN115753473B (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Friction and wear test device based on lathe |
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| CN202211479476.9A CN115753473B (en) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Friction and wear test device based on lathe |
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