CN115750254A - Free plunger type hydraulic pump without lateral force - Google Patents

Abstract

A free plunger hydraulic pump without lateral force comprises a swash plate and an upper slide plate; the end of the main shaft, which is positioned in the inner cavity of the pump body, is provided with a swash plate, the axis of the swash plate is not coincident with the axis of the main shaft, one side of the outer circle of the swash plate, which is deviated from the eccentric part of the outer circle of the swash plate, is provided with a counterweight part for enabling the center of mass of the swash plate to be coincident with the axis of the main shaft, the end of the swash plate, which corresponds to the closed end of the pump body, is a flat surface and is in sliding contact with the closed end of the pump body correspondingly, and the end of the swash plate is provided with an oil discharge cavity correspondingly communicated with the liquid outlet; the other end of the swash plate is an inclined surface, the length of one side of the eccentric part of the swash plate is greater than that of the other side of the eccentric part of the swash plate, a high-pressure oil cavity correspondingly communicated with the oil discharge cavity is arranged at the inclined end of the swash plate, and the axis of the high-pressure oil cavity is superposed with the axis of the swash plate; the center of mass of the swash plate is positioned on the rotating axis of the swash plate, so that the rotating centrifugal force of the swash plate is eliminated, the two ends of the plunger assembly are connected in a spherical hinge pair mode, the lateral force is eliminated, the stress condition is better, and the operation at higher rotating speed can be realized.

Description

Free plunger type hydraulic pump without lateral force

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plunger pumps, in particular to a free plunger type hydraulic pump without lateral force.

Background

As is known, a plunger pump is a main device for realizing high-pressure output in a hydraulic system, the output pressure of the plunger pump is high, and high volumetric efficiency and total efficiency can be still maintained under high pressure; in the traditional plunger pump, a transmission shaft drives a rotor assembly to rotate, and a swash plate with a fixed angle drives plungers in plunger holes on a rotor to reciprocate so as to finish the oil suction and discharge process; however, the conventional plunger pump has some disadvantages, such as:

1. in the working process, the rotor is subjected to the lateral force of the plunger to generate overturning moment, so that the rotor body is subjected to complex stress; 2. the rotating inertia is large under the working condition of high-speed rotation, and large unstable centrifugal force exists; 3. the plunger can have overlarge speed and acceleration under the working condition of high-speed rotation, and the stability is poor; 4. the number of friction pairs in the pump is large, the relative movement speed is high, and the reliability is low; the above-mentioned drawbacks are problems that those skilled in the art are demanding to solve.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention discloses a free plunger type hydraulic pump without lateral force.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a free plunger type hydraulic pump without lateral force comprises a pump body and an end cover, wherein a cavity is arranged in the pump body, one end of the cavity is open, the end cover is installed at the open end, the end cover is rotatably connected with a main shaft extending into the inner cavity of the pump body, a liquid outlet is formed in the closed end of the pump body, and a liquid inlet is formed in one side corresponding to the liquid outlet;

also comprises a swash plate and an upper sliding plate; the end of the main shaft, which is positioned in the inner cavity of the pump body, is provided with a swash plate, the axis of the swash plate is not coincident with the axis of the main shaft, one side of the excircle of the swash plate, which is deviated from the eccentric part of the swash plate, is provided with a counterweight part for enabling the center of mass of the swash plate to be coincident with the axis of the main shaft, the end of the swash plate, which corresponds to the closed end of the pump body, is a straight surface and is in sliding contact with the closed end of the pump body correspondingly, and the end of the swash plate is provided with an oil discharge cavity correspondingly communicated with the liquid outlet; the other end of the swash plate is an inclined surface, the length of one side of the eccentric part of the swash plate is greater than that of the other side of the eccentric part of the swash plate, the inclined end of the swash plate is provided with a high-pressure oil cavity correspondingly communicated with the oil discharge cavity, the high-pressure oil cavity is an annular groove, and the axis of the high-pressure oil cavity is superposed with the axis of the swash plate;

the inclined end of the swash plate is in sliding fit with an upper sliding plate movably sleeved with the main shaft; an annular boss movably sleeved with the main shaft is arranged on the inner side of the end cover, and the upper sliding disc is in universal fit with the annular boss; a plurality of plungers with hollow interiors are arranged between the upper sliding disc and the end cover at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the plungers are movably inserted with the upper sliding disc and the end cover; the positions of the disc surface of the upper sliding disc, which correspond to the plungers, are provided with oil passing holes which are correspondingly communicated with the inner cavities of the plungers, and the oil passing holes can be communicated with the high-pressure oil cavity in the rotating process of the swash plate and are exposed to one side of the swash plate, which is provided with the counterweight part, along with the rotation of the swash plate; a limiting mechanism for preventing the upper sliding disc from rotating is arranged between one side of the upper sliding disc and the inner wall of the pump body.

Preferably, one side, deviating from the sloping cam plate, of the upper sliding plate is fixedly connected with a lower sliding plate, a spherical annular groove is formed in the position, corresponding to the annular boss of the end cover, of the lower sliding plate, and the annular boss is provided with a supporting spherical hinge matched with the spherical annular groove correspondingly.

Preferably, the support spherical hinge is detachably connected with the end cover annular boss.

Preferably, a spherical cavity is arranged between the lower sliding disc and the upper sliding disc and corresponds to the plunger, a spherical sleeve I is connected in the spherical cavity in a universal mode, and the spherical sleeve I is movably sleeved with the plunger.

Preferably, the annular boss sleeve of the end cover is provided with a pressing plate corresponding to and fixedly connected with the end cover, a spherical cavity is arranged between the pressing plate and the end cover and corresponding to the plunger, a spherical sleeve II is universally connected in the spherical cavity, and the spherical sleeve II is movably sleeved with the plunger.

Preferably, the limiting mechanism comprises a sliding chute arranged on the upper sliding disc, and the inner wall of the pump body is provided with a limiting pin of which one end is in sliding fit with the sliding chute; or one side of the upper sliding disc is provided with a limiting pin, and the inner wall of the pump body is provided with a sliding groove in sliding fit with the limiting pin.

Preferably, a plurality of oil through holes for communicating the oil discharge cavity with the high-pressure oil cavity are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction between the oil discharge cavity and the high-pressure oil cavity corresponding to the swash plate, and the diameter of the oil through hole at the eccentric part of the swash plate is larger than that of the oil through holes at the two sides of the eccentric part of the swash plate.

Preferably, the main shaft is rotatably connected with the end cover through a needle bearing, and an oil seal is arranged between the main shaft and the end cover.

Preferably, a sealing ring is arranged between the pump body and the end cover.

The invention discloses a free plunger type hydraulic pump without lateral force, which has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the technical scheme:

1. the swash plate structure mode is adopted, the valve plate structure is cancelled, and the function integration of the swash plate and the valve plate is realized;

2. the center of mass of the swash plate is positioned on the rotating axis of the swash plate, so that the rotating centrifugal force of the swash plate is eliminated;

3. the two ends of the plunger assembly are connected in a spherical hinge pair mode, so that the lateral force is eliminated, the stress condition is better, and the operation at higher rotating speed can be realized; the plunger freely moves between the two ball sleeves, and the pressures on the two sides of the plunger are balanced, so that overlarge axial speed and acceleration of the plunger under the working condition of high-speed movement are avoided, and the stability is improved;

4. the plunger piston in the prior art is prevented from rotating along with the rotor assembly, the plunger piston assembly swings in a small range, and the moving centrifugal force is small;

5. the plunger has simple structure and is easy to process; the plunger structure has better stress condition, the length and the size of the plunger can be greatly reduced, only enough sealing length is needed to be ensured, and the structure is more compact;

6. a rotor structure and a sliding shoe structure are eliminated, the rotational inertia is small, the number of friction pairs is small, and the reliability is greatly improved;

7. the relative motion speed between the friction pairs is low, and the reliability is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the swash plate;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the swash plate;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the plunger.

In the figure: 1. a pump body; 2. an end cap; 3. a main shaft; 4. a liquid outlet; 5. a liquid inlet; 6. a swash plate; 7. an upper sliding plate; 8. a plunger; 9. an oil passing hole; 10. an oil discharge cavity; 11. a high pressure oil chamber; 12. a counterweight portion; 13. supporting the spherical hinge; 14. a spherical sleeve I; 15. pressing a plate; 16. a spherical sleeve II; 17. a limiting mechanism; 18. oil sealing; 19. a seal ring; 20. a lower sliding plate; 21. an oil through hole.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be explained in detail by the following embodiments, and the purpose of disclosing the invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention, in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., it is only corresponding to the drawings of the present application, and it is convenient to describe the present invention, and it is not intended to indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation.

The first embodiment is as follows:

with reference to fig. 1 to 3, a free plunger hydraulic pump without lateral force comprises a pump body 1 and an end cover 2, wherein a cavity is arranged in the pump body 1, one end of the cavity is open, the end cover 2 is installed at the open end, the end cover 2 is rotatably connected with a main shaft 3 extending into the inner cavity of the pump body 1, the main shaft 3 can be driven by a motor, a liquid outlet 4 is arranged at the closed end of the pump body 1, and a liquid inlet 5 is arranged at one side corresponding to the liquid outlet 4, namely liquid can enter the pump body 1 from the liquid inlet 5; the main shaft 3 is rotatably connected with the end cover 2 through a needle bearing, an oil seal 18 is arranged between the main shaft 3 and the end cover 2, and a seal ring 19 is arranged between the pump body 1 and the end cover 2, so that the integral sealing performance can be effectively ensured;

also comprises a swash plate 6 and an upper sliding plate 7; one end of the main shaft 3, which is positioned in the inner cavity of the pump body 1, is provided with a swash plate 6, and the axis of the swash plate 6 is not coincident with the axis of the main shaft 3, namely, the main shaft 3 drives the swash plate 6 to rotate, and the swash plate 6 is eccentrically arranged; a counterweight part 12 for enabling the mass center of the swash plate 6 to be coincident with the axis of the main shaft 3 is arranged on one side of the excircle of the swash plate 6, which is deviated from the eccentric part of the excircle of the swash plate, so that the rotating centrifugal force of the swash plate 6 is effectively eliminated, and the pump body 1 is prevented from generating large vibration during operation; one end of the swash plate 6, corresponding to the closed end of the pump body 1, is a straight surface and is in sliding contact with the closed end of the pump body 1 correspondingly, and an oil discharge cavity 10 which is correspondingly communicated with the liquid outlet 4 is arranged at the end of the swash plate 6; the other end of the swash plate 6 is an inclined surface, the length of one side of the eccentric part of the swash plate 6 is larger than that of the other side of the eccentric part of the swash plate 6, a high-pressure oil cavity 11 correspondingly communicated with the oil discharge cavity 10 is arranged at the inclined end of the swash plate 6, the high-pressure oil cavity 11 is an annular groove, and the axis of the high-pressure oil cavity 11 is overlapped with the axis of the swash plate 6, namely the high-pressure oil cavity 11 eccentrically moves along with the rotation of the swash plate 6; according to the requirement, a plurality of oil through holes 21 for communicating the oil discharge cavity 10 with the high-pressure oil cavity 11 are distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction between the oil discharge cavity 10 and the high-pressure oil cavity 11 of the swash plate 6, and the diameter of the oil through hole 21 positioned at the eccentric part of the swash plate 6 is larger than the diameter of the oil through holes 21 at the two sides of the eccentric part, namely, the oil discharge cavity 10 is communicated with the high-pressure oil cavity 11 through the oil through holes 21, and meanwhile, the diameter of the oil through hole 21 at the eccentric part of the swash plate 6 is large, so that the weight can be reduced, the counterweight part 12 is further reduced, and the whole structure of the swash plate 6 is convenient to optimize;

the inclined end of the swash plate 6 is in sliding fit with an upper sliding plate 7 movably sleeved with the main shaft 3, and the main shaft 3 and the upper sliding plate 7 are ensured not to interfere with each other; an annular boss movably sleeved with the main shaft 3 is arranged on the inner side of the end cover 2, and the upper sliding disc 7 is in universal fit with the annular boss, namely the upper sliding disc 7 can swing spatially along with the rotation of the swash plate 6; a plurality of plungers 8 with hollow interiors are distributed between the upper sliding disc 7 and the end cover 2 at intervals along the circumferential direction, the plungers 8 are movably inserted into the upper sliding disc 7 and the plungers 8 are movably inserted into the end cover 2, and the volume of a containing cavity between the plungers 8 and the upper sliding disc 7 changes along with the swing of the upper sliding disc 7; the position of the disc surface of the upper sliding disc 7, which corresponds to the plunger 8, is provided with an oil passing hole 9 which is correspondingly communicated with the inner cavity of the plunger 8, the oil passing hole 9 can be communicated with the high-pressure oil cavity 11 in the rotating process of the swash plate 6 and is exposed to one side, which is provided with a counterweight part 12, of the swash plate 6 along with the rotation of the swash plate 6, namely the high-pressure oil cavity 11 eccentrically rotates, so that the oil passing hole 9 can enter and exit from the high-pressure oil cavity 11 along with the rotation of the high-pressure oil cavity 11, the volume of a containing cavity between the oil passing hole 9 and the inner cavity of the plunger 8 is greatly reduced, otherwise, the volume of the containing cavity between the oil passing hole 9 and the inner cavity of the plunger 8 is slightly increased, when the oil passing hole 9 is exposed, the liquid in the pump body 1 enters the containing cavity between the oil passing hole 9 and the inner cavity of the plunger 8, the liquid is pressed into the high-pressure oil cavity 11 due to the reduction of the volume of the containing cavity after the oil passing hole 9 enters the high-pressure oil cavity 11, then enters the oil-discharging cavity 10 and is discharged through the liquid outlet 4, and the purpose of high-pressure delivery can be realized, and the plunger 8 only swings in a small range in the operating process, the small centrifugal force is effectively eliminated, and the higher rotating speed can be realized;

a limiting mechanism 17 for preventing the upper sliding disc 7 from rotating is arranged between one side of the upper sliding disc 7 and the inner wall of the pump body 1, namely the limiting mechanism 17 can prevent the upper sliding disc 7 from axially rotating; according to the requirement, the limiting mechanism 17 comprises a sliding groove arranged on the upper sliding disc 7, and the inner wall of the pump body 1 is provided with a limiting pin with one end matched with the sliding groove in a sliding manner; or one side of the upper sliding disc 7 is provided with a limiting pin, and the inner wall of the pump body 1 is provided with a sliding groove in sliding fit with the limiting pin, so that the upper sliding disc 7 is prevented from rotating axially through the matching of the limiting pin and the sliding groove, and the swinging of the upper sliding disc 7 is not influenced.

When in use, the liquid inlet 5 is communicated with a container with liquid, so that the liquid can enter the inner cavity of the pump body 1 through the liquid inlet 5; the motor is started, the motor drives the main shaft 3, the main shaft 3 drives the swash plate 6 to rotate, the upper sliding plate 7 can swing spatially along with the rotation of the swash plate 6, liquid in the pump body 1 enters the containing cavity between the oil passing hole 9 and the inner cavity of the plunger 8 when the oil passing hole 9 is exposed, the volume of the containing cavity is reduced after the oil passing hole 9 enters the high-pressure oil cavity 11, the liquid is pressed into the high-pressure oil cavity 11 and then enters the oil discharging cavity 10, and the liquid is discharged through the liquid outlet 4, so that the purpose of high-pressure conveying can be achieved.

The second embodiment:

with reference to fig. 1 to 3, a free plunger hydraulic pump without a lateral force is different from the first embodiment in that, on the basis of the first embodiment, a lower sliding plate 20 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper sliding plate 7, which is away from the swash plate 6, a spherical annular groove is formed in the lower sliding plate 20, which corresponds to an annular boss of the end cap 2, a supporting spherical hinge 13 correspondingly adapted to the spherical annular groove is formed in the annular boss, and the lower sliding plate 20 is universally connected with the annular boss of the end cap 2 through the supporting spherical hinge 13, so that the smoothness of swinging of the upper sliding plate 7 and the lower sliding plate 20 is ensured; support ball pivot 13 and end cover 2 annular boss can dismantle and be connected, support ball pivot 13 promptly and end cover 2 annular boss can the formula structure as an organic whole also can be detachable split type structure, can choose for use wear-resisting material to process alone and support ball pivot 13, or do wear-resisting processing to support ball pivot 13 sphere, promote life.

Example three:

with reference to fig. 1 to 4, in a free plunger hydraulic pump without a lateral force, on the basis of the second embodiment, a spherical cavity is arranged between the lower sliding plate 20 and the upper sliding plate 7 at a position corresponding to the plunger 8, a spherical sleeve i 14 is universally connected in the spherical cavity, the spherical sleeve i 14 is movably sleeved with the plunger 8, that is, the plunger 8 is universally connected with the upper sliding plate 7 through the spherical sleeve i 14, so that accidental locking is avoided.

Example four:

with reference to fig. 1 to 4, a free plunger hydraulic pump without lateral force is disclosed, in any one of the first to third embodiments, an annular boss of an end cover 2 is sleeved with a pressing plate 15 which is correspondingly and fixedly connected with the end cover 2, a spherical cavity is arranged between the pressing plate 15 and the end cover 2 and corresponds to a plunger 8, a spherical sleeve II 16 is universally connected in the spherical cavity, the spherical sleeve II 16 is movably sleeved with the plunger 8, namely, the plunger 8 is universally connected with the end cover 2 through the spherical sleeve II 16, so that the flexibility of the plunger 8 is increased, and the plunger 8 is further prevented from being accidentally jammed with an upper sliding tray 7.

The invention is not described in detail in the prior art, and it is apparent to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof; the present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and range of equivalency are intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (9)

1. A free plunger type hydraulic pump without lateral force comprises a pump body (1) and an end cover (2), wherein a cavity is arranged in the pump body (1), one end of the cavity is open, the end cover (2) is installed at the open end, the end cover (2) is rotatably connected with a main shaft (3) extending into the inner cavity of the pump body (1), a liquid outlet (4) is formed in the closed end of the pump body (1), and a liquid inlet (5) is formed in one side corresponding to the liquid outlet (4); the method is characterized in that:

also comprises a swash plate (6) and an upper sliding plate (7); the swash plate (6) is installed at one end, located in the inner cavity of the pump body (1), of the main shaft (3), the axis of the swash plate (6) is not coincident with that of the main shaft (3), a counterweight part (12) used for enabling the center of mass of the swash plate (6) to be coincident with the axis of the main shaft (3) is arranged on one side, away from the eccentric part, of the excircle of the swash plate (6), one end, corresponding to the closed end of the pump body (1), of the swash plate (6) is a straight surface and is in sliding contact with the closed end of the pump body (1) correspondingly, and an oil discharge cavity (10) correspondingly communicated with the liquid outlet (4) is arranged at the end of the swash plate (6); the other end of the swash plate (6) is an inclined surface, the length of one side of the eccentric part of the swash plate (6) is larger than that of the other side of the eccentric part of the swash plate (6), a high-pressure oil cavity (11) correspondingly communicated with the oil discharge cavity (10) is arranged at the inclined end of the swash plate (6), the high-pressure oil cavity (11) is an annular groove, and the axis of the high-pressure oil cavity (11) is overlapped with the axis of the swash plate (6);

an upper sliding disc (7) movably sleeved with the main shaft (3) is in sliding fit with the inclined end of the swash plate (6); an annular boss movably sleeved with the main shaft (3) is arranged on the inner side of the end cover (2), and the upper sliding disc (7) is in universal fit with the annular boss; a plurality of plungers (8) with hollow interiors are arranged between the upper sliding disc (7) and the end cover (2) at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the plungers (8) are movably inserted into the upper sliding disc (7) and the plungers (8) and the end cover (2); the positions of the disc surface of the upper sliding disc (7) corresponding to the plungers (8) are respectively provided with an oil passing hole (9) correspondingly communicated with the inner cavities of the plungers (8), and the oil passing holes (9) can be communicated with the high-pressure oil cavity (11) in the rotating process of the swash plate (6) and are exposed to one side of the swash plate (6) provided with a counterweight part (12) along with the rotation of the swash plate (6); a limiting mechanism (17) for preventing the upper sliding disc (7) from rotating is arranged between one side of the upper sliding disc (7) and the inner wall of the pump body (1).

2. The free plunger hydraulic pump without lateral force of claim 1, wherein: go up sliding tray (7) and deviate from sloping cam plate (6) one side fastening connection and have lower sliding tray (20), lower sliding tray (20) correspond the position of end cover (2) annular boss and are equipped with the sphere annular, and the annular boss is equipped with support ball pivot (13) that correspond the adaptation with this sphere annular.

3. A free plunger hydraulic pump without side forces as in claim 2, characterized by: the supporting spherical hinge (13) is detachably connected with the annular boss of the end cover (2).

4. The free plunger hydraulic pump without lateral force of claim 2, wherein: a spherical cavity is arranged between the lower sliding disc (20) and the upper sliding disc (7) and corresponds to the plunger (8), a spherical sleeve I (14) is connected in the spherical cavity in a universal mode, and the spherical sleeve I (14) is movably sleeved with the plunger (8).

5. The free plunger hydraulic pump without lateral force of claim 1 or 2, characterized by: the annular boss sleeve of end cover (2) is equipped with clamp plate (15) that corresponds fastening connection with end cover (2), and the position that corresponds plunger (8) between clamp plate (15) and end cover (2) is equipped with spherical chamber, and this spherical intracavity universal connection has spherical cover II (16), and this spherical cover II (16) is established with plunger (8) movable sleeve.

6. The free plunger hydraulic pump without lateral force of claim 1, wherein: the limiting mechanism (17) comprises a sliding groove arranged on the upper sliding disc (7), and a limiting pin with one end matched with the sliding groove in a sliding manner is arranged on the inner wall of the pump body (1); or one side of the upper sliding disc (7) is provided with a limit pin, and the inner wall of the pump body (1) is provided with a sliding groove in sliding fit with the limit pin.

7. The free plunger hydraulic pump without lateral force of claim 1, wherein: the swash plate (6) is provided with a plurality of oil through holes (21) which are used for communicating the oil discharge cavity (10) with the high-pressure oil cavity (11) corresponding to the oil discharge cavity (10) and the high-pressure oil cavity (11) at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the diameter of the oil through hole (21) positioned at the eccentric part of the swash plate (6) is larger than the diameter of the oil through holes (21) at the two sides of the eccentric part of the swash plate (6).

8. The free plunger hydraulic pump without lateral force of claim 1, wherein: the main shaft (3) is rotatably connected with the end cover (2) through a needle bearing, and an oil seal (18) is arranged between the main shaft (3) and the end cover (2).

9. The free plunger hydraulic pump without side force of claim 1, characterized by: and a sealing ring (19) is arranged between the pump body (1) and the end cover (2).

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