CN115749992A - Pump flow/gravity flow switching control and false alarm suppression method for ship cooling system - Google Patents
Pump flow/gravity flow switching control and false alarm suppression method for ship cooling system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a pump flow/gravity flow switching control and false alarm suppression method for a ship cooling system by adopting gravity flow circulation, belonging to the technical field of ship power system control; in the prior art, the problems of frequent pump flow/gravity flow switching and condenser pressure false alarm caused by dynamic variable working conditions of ship navigation are difficult to solve; the invention provides a ship self-flowing cooling system, which comprises: the system comprises an inlet connecting pipe, an inlet air guide sleeve, a circulating water pump, a condenser, an outlet connecting pipe, an outlet air guide sleeve and an air extractor, has definite control purpose and large self-flowing cooling margin, is favorable for fully exerting the self-flowing cooling capacity, and solves the problem of frequent pump flow/self-flowing switching caused by dynamic variable working conditions of ship navigation.
Description
Technical Field
The scheme belongs to the technical field of ship power system control, and particularly relates to a pump flow/gravity flow switching control and false alarm suppression method for a ship cooling system by adopting gravity flow circulation.
Background
One of the most important systems of the ship power device is used for condensing the dead steam generated by the work of the main turbine and maintaining the vacuum degree (pressure) required by the work of the main turbine. The cooling system is a ship sea-going system with large seawater flow and largest pipeline opening diameter, has larger noise in the operation process, and is in front of the middle in ship noise source sequencing, especially the noise of a rotary circulating water pump.
At present, the pump flow/gravity flow switching control logic of the ship gravity flow cooling system mainly obtains a corresponding cooling water inlet temperature threshold value according to a ship navigation working condition table, then judges the magnitude relation between the cooling water inlet temperature threshold value and the actual cooling water inlet temperature, further determines the pump flow/gravity flow switching state of the ship gravity flow cooling system, has an undefined control target, cannot fully exert the gravity flow cooling capacity, and is difficult to solve the problems of frequent pump flow/gravity flow switching and condenser pressure false alarm caused by ship navigation dynamic variable working conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of one or more of the above drawbacks or needs for improvement in the prior art, the present invention provides a pump flow/gravity flow switching control method for a self-flowing ship cooling system, the method is based on a self-flowing ship cooling system, the ship includes a steam turbine, and the self-flowing ship cooling system includes, in order according to a cooling water path: the system comprises an inlet connecting pipe, an inlet air guide sleeve, a circulating water pump, a condenser, an outlet connecting pipe, an outlet air guide sleeve and an air extractor;
the dynamic pressure head of the water flow on the front side in the ship navigation is converted into the internal flow static pressure of the cooling system, seawater is driven to flow through the condenser, and the exhaust steam generated by the steam turbine doing work is condensed;
the circulating water pump can increase the flow of the cooling seawater;
the condenser comprises a pressure sensor which can measure a specific value of the internal flow static pressure, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the pressure sensor of the condenser acquires a signal to obtain a pressure signal P2 as a first input signal of the control method;
step 2: taking the ship sailing working condition as an input signal for determining a condenser pressure threshold value, wherein the condenser pressure threshold value is determined by a test of a free flow/pump flow switching process under different sailing working conditions of the ship, the condenser pressure threshold value signal is also used as a second input signal of the control method, meanwhile, the pressure threshold values of the free flow switching pump flow and the pump flow switching free flow process are set to be two different values, and a free flow switching pump flow pressure threshold value Pa and a pump flow switching free flow pressure threshold value Pb are set;
and 3, step 3: judging whether the ship self-flowing cooling system is in a self-flowing working condition, if so, entering a step 4, and otherwise, entering a step 5;
and 4, step 4: checking the working state of the air ejector, ensuring that the air ejector is in a full-open state, judging whether the pressure signal P2 is greater than a self-flow cut pump flow pressure threshold Pa, if so, switching the self-flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system to a pump flow working condition, and entering a step 6, otherwise, maintaining the self-flow working condition, and entering a step 8;
and 5: checking the working state of the air ejector, ensuring that the air ejector is in a full-open state, judging whether the pressure signal P2 is smaller than a pump flow-cutting self-flow pressure threshold Pb, if so, switching the pump flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system to the self-flow working condition, and entering a step 7, otherwise, maintaining the pump flow working condition, and entering a step 9;
step 6: judging whether the pressure signal P2 is smaller than a self-flow-cutting pump flow pressure threshold Pb or not, if so, switching the pump flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system to the self-flow working condition, and entering a step 8, otherwise, keeping the pump flow working condition, and entering a step 9;
and 7: judging whether the pressure signal P2 is larger than a self-flow cutting pump flow pressure threshold Pa, if so, switching the self-flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system to a pump flow working condition, and entering a step 9, otherwise, keeping the self-flow working condition, and entering a step 8;
and 8: judging whether the pressure filtering signal P2 is smaller than a preset lower limit value Pc of the condenser pressure, if so, reducing the opening of the working steam valve of the air ejector, otherwise, keeping the working steam valve of the air ejector fully opened;
and step 9: the pump flow/gravity flow switching control flow ends.
Further: in the step 1, the acquired pressure signal P1 is digitally filtered to obtain a pressure signal P2, and the numerical filtering is specifically average filtering.
Further: and in the step 2, the ship navigation working condition is used as an input signal, and the condenser pressure threshold value is obtained through table lookup.
Further, after the step 8, a method for suppressing the condenser pressure instantaneous overpressure false alarm phenomenon of the ship self-flowing cooling system is further executed,
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting signals by the pressure sensor of the condenser to obtain a pressure signal P2 serving as a first input signal of the inhibition method;
s2, taking the ship sailing working condition and an overpressure alarm threshold Pu corresponding to the sailing working condition as a second input signal and a third input signal of the inhibition method;
s3, judging whether the pressure signal P2 of the condenser reaches the overpressure alarm threshold Pu, if so, entering a step S4, otherwise, entering a step S7 without any action;
s4, judging whether the overpressure of the condenser is caused by the dynamic variable working condition process of the ship speed, if so, entering the step S5, otherwise, immediately alarming and entering the step S7;
s5, in order to reduce the overpressure influence of the condenser in the working condition conversion process, introducing an air extractor in advance for intervention, namely increasing the air extraction capacity in the working condition rising process and reducing the air extraction capacity in the working condition falling process on the basis of ensuring the stable working of the air extractor, and setting delay alarm time t;
s6, judging whether the pressure of the condenser returns to normal within the delay alarm time t, if so, canceling the alarm, otherwise, immediately alarming;
step S7: and ending the flow.
Further: and the value of the delay alarm time t is determined according to the ship navigation working condition.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme conceived by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The pump flow/gravity flow switching control of the ship gravity flow cooling system provided by the invention has a definite purpose, the gravity flow cooling margin is large, the gravity flow cooling capability can be fully exerted, and the problem of frequent pump flow/gravity flow switching caused by dynamic variable working conditions of ship navigation is solved;
(2) The suppression measures of the false alarm phenomenon of instantaneous overpressure of the condenser pressure in the dynamic variable working condition process of the ship speed can reduce transient noise caused by frequent switching of pump flow/gravity flow and relieve the influence of pressure mutation on equipment deterioration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a free-flow cooling system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process diagram of the dynamic response of the free-flow cooling system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for switching between pump flow and gravity flow with pressure as a control target according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a method for suppressing a false alarm phenomenon of instantaneous condenser pressure overpressure during a dynamic variable working condition process according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the respective embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example (b):
the self-flowing cooling system provided by the invention is a novel cooling system, is different from the traditional cooling system, does not depend on the running of a circulating water pump during working, can greatly reduce the noise of the cooling system, and is an important development direction of the cooling system of the ship power device. As shown in fig. 1, the self-flow cooling system generally comprises an inlet connecting pipe and a flow guide cover, an outlet connecting pipe and a flow guide cover, a circulating water pump, a condenser, a connecting pipeline, accessories and the like, wherein dynamic pressure of head-on water flow in ship navigation is converted into internal hydrostatic pressure of the cooling system through the inlet and outlet connecting pipe and the flow guide cover on a ship board side, cooling seawater is driven to flow through the condenser, and dead steam generated by a main turbine acting is condensed to meet the cooling requirement of a ship power device.
In the dynamic sailing process of the ship, the operation condition of the power device directly influences the flow (heat load) of dead steam entering the condenser, and the flow of cooling seawater needed by the condenser is determined, namely the cooling requirement of the power device is determined. The operation condition of the power device also determines the rotating speed of a propeller of the power device, the rotating speed of the propeller directly influences the ship speed, the flow of the cooling seawater passing through the gravity flow system depends on the ship speed, and along with the increase of the ship speed, the flow of the cooling seawater of the gravity flow system is increased, namely the cooling capacity of the gravity flow system is increased. As shown in fig. 2, the power plant/ship speed/free-flow cooling system is dynamically coupled, and the working states of the three are delayed and delayed in sequence during the dynamic navigation of the ship, that is, the power plant needs to be heated to run according to the change instruction of the working condition, the ship speed changes after the heat load changes, and the cooling seawater supply capacity of the free-flow cooling system changes after the ship speed changes.
In addition, in the dynamic navigation process of the ship, particularly in the acceleration running process of the ship, the pressure of the condenser is overhigh instantaneously due to the rapid change of the heat load, so that the false alarm phenomenon of the pressure of the condenser is caused, the pressure of the condenser can be restored to be within a normal running range after the acceleration running process is finished, and the alarm is not required to be given immediately and the pump flow control process is not required to be switched.
The pump flow/gravity flow switching control and false alarm suppression scheme of the ship gravity flow cooling system with condenser pressure as a direct control target proposed in the scheme is shown in fig. 3 and 4. The control method has the advantages that the aim of pump flow/gravity flow switching control of the ship gravity flow cooling system is clear, the gravity flow cooling margin is large, the gravity flow cooling capacity is fully exerted, and the problems of frequent pump flow/gravity flow switching and condenser pressure false alarm caused by dynamic variable working conditions of ship navigation are solved.
The pump flow/gravity flow switching control of the ship gravity flow cooling system with condenser pressure as a control target can solve the problems of parameter fluctuation of a pressure sensor and boundary pump flow/gravity flow switching back and forth of condenser pressure threshold values, and mainly comprises the following steps:
step 1: the parameter fluctuation influence of a condenser pressure sensor is considered, digital filtering (such as average value filtering) is carried out on the collected pressure signal P1, and then a pressure filtering signal P2 is obtained and is used as an input signal of a pump flow/gravity flow switching control logic of the ship gravity flow cooling system;
and 2, step: considering different influence degrees of minimum pump flow on condenser pressure under different operation conditions, taking a ship navigation condition as an input signal for determining a condenser pressure threshold, determining the condenser pressure threshold of a self-flowing/pump-flowing switching process under different ship navigation conditions through tests, wherein the condenser pressure threshold signal is also used as an input signal for pump-flowing/self-flowing switching control logic of a ship self-flowing cooling system, and meanwhile, setting the pressure thresholds of the self-flowing/pump-flowing switching self-flowing process and the self-flowing/self-flowing switching pump-flowing process into two different values, such as a self-flowing/pump-flowing pressure threshold Pa and a pump-flowing/self-flowing pressure threshold Pb;
and step 3: judging whether the ship self-flowing cooling system is in a self-flowing working condition, if so, entering a step 4, and otherwise, entering a step 5;
and 4, step 4: checking the working state of the air extractor, ensuring that the air extractor is in a full-open state, judging whether a pressure filtering signal P2 is greater than a self-flow cutting pump flow pressure threshold value Pa, if so, switching the self-flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system into a pump flow working condition, and entering a step 6, otherwise, maintaining the self-flow working condition, and entering a step 8;
and 5: checking the working state of the air extractor, ensuring that the air extractor is in a full-open state, judging whether a pressure filtering signal P2 is smaller than a pump flow-cutting self-flow pressure threshold Pb, if so, switching the pump flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system to the self-flow working condition, and entering a step 7, otherwise, maintaining the pump flow working condition, and entering a step 9;
step 6: judging whether the pressure filtering signal P2 is smaller than a self-flow cutting pump flow pressure threshold Pb or not, if so, switching the pump flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system to the self-flow working condition, and entering a step 8, otherwise, keeping the pump flow working condition, and entering a step 9;
and 7: judging whether the pressure filtering signal P2 is larger than a self-flow cutting pump flow pressure threshold Pa, if so, switching the self-flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system to a pump flow working condition, and entering a step 9, otherwise, keeping the self-flow working condition, and entering a step 8;
and 8: and judging whether the pressure filtering signal P2 is smaller than a preset lower limit value Pc of the condenser pressure, if so, reducing the opening of the working steam valve of the air extractor, and otherwise, keeping the working steam valve of the air extractor fully opened.
And step 9: the pump flow/gravity flow switching control flow ends.
The method for inhibiting the false alarm phenomenon of instantaneous overpressure of condenser pressure in the dynamic variable working condition process of ship speed can reduce transient noise caused by frequent switching of pump flow/gravity flow and relieve the influence of pressure mutation on equipment deterioration, and mainly comprises the following steps:
step 1: considering the parameter fluctuation influence of a condenser pressure sensor, after digital filtering (such as average filtering) is carried out on the collected pressure signal P1 (the same as above), a pressure filtering signal P2 (the same as above) is obtained and is used as an input signal of a condenser pressure overpressure false alarm suppression measure in the ship speed dynamic variable working condition process;
and 2, step: taking the ship navigation working condition and the overpressure alarm threshold value Pu corresponding to the navigation working condition as an input signal of a condenser pressure overpressure false alarm suppression measure in the ship navigation speed dynamic variable working condition process;
and 3, step 3: judging whether the condenser pressure filtering signal P2 reaches an overpressure alarm threshold Pu corresponding to a navigation working condition, if so, entering a step 4, otherwise, entering a step 7 without any action;
and 4, step 4: judging whether the overpressure of the condenser is caused by the dynamic variable working condition process of the ship speed, if so, entering a step 5, otherwise, immediately alarming and entering a step 7;
and 5: in order to reduce the overpressure influence of the condenser in the working condition conversion process, the air extractor is introduced in advance for intervention, namely on the basis of ensuring the stable work of the air extractor, the air extraction capacity is increased in the working condition rising process, the air extraction capacity is reduced in the working condition falling process, and meanwhile, the delay alarm time t is set (the specific value is determined according to the ship sailing working condition);
step 6: judging whether the condenser pressure in the delayed alarm time t is recovered to be normal or not, if so, canceling the alarm, and if not, immediately alarming;
and 7: and finishing the suppression process of the false alarm phenomenon of instantaneous overpressure of the condenser pressure.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, since various modifications, substitutions and improvements within the spirit and scope of the invention are possible and within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A pump flow/gravity flow switching control method of a ship gravity flow cooling system is based on the ship gravity flow cooling system, a ship comprises a steam turbine, and the ship gravity flow cooling system sequentially comprises the following components according to a cooling water path: the system comprises an inlet connecting pipe, an inlet air guide sleeve, a circulating water pump, a condenser, an outlet connecting pipe, an outlet air guide sleeve and an air extractor;
the dynamic pressure head of the water flow on the front side in the ship navigation is converted into the internal flow static pressure of the cooling system, seawater is driven to flow through the condenser, and the exhaust steam generated by the steam turbine doing work is condensed;
the circulating water pump can increase the flow of the cooling seawater;
the condenser comprises a pressure sensor which can measure a specific value of the internal flow static pressure, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the pressure sensor of the condenser acquires a signal to obtain a pressure signal P2 as a first input signal of the control method;
step 2: taking the ship sailing working condition as an input signal for determining a condenser pressure threshold value, wherein the condenser pressure threshold value is determined by a test of a free flow/pump flow switching process under different sailing working conditions of the ship, the condenser pressure threshold value signal is also used as a second input signal of the control method, meanwhile, the pressure threshold values of the free flow switching pump flow and the pump flow switching free flow process are set to be two different values, and a free flow switching pump flow pressure threshold value Pa and a pump flow switching free flow pressure threshold value Pb are set;
and step 3: judging whether the ship self-flowing cooling system is in a self-flowing working condition or not, if so, entering a step 4, and otherwise, entering a step 5;
and 4, step 4: checking the working state of the air ejector, ensuring that the air ejector is in a full-open state, judging whether the pressure signal P2 is greater than a self-flow cut pump flow pressure threshold Pa, if so, switching the self-flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system to a pump flow working condition, and entering a step 6, otherwise, maintaining the self-flow working condition, and entering a step 8;
and 5: checking the working state of the air ejector, ensuring that the air ejector is in a full-open state, judging whether the pressure signal P2 is smaller than a pump flow-cutting self-flow pressure threshold Pb, if so, switching the pump flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system to the self-flow working condition, and entering a step 7, otherwise, maintaining the pump flow working condition, and entering a step 9;
step 6: judging whether the pressure signal P2 is smaller than a self-flow-cutting pump flow pressure threshold Pb or not, if so, switching the pump flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system to the self-flow working condition, and entering a step 8, otherwise, keeping the pump flow working condition, and entering a step 9;
and 7: judging whether the pressure signal P2 is larger than a self-flow cutting pump flow pressure threshold Pa, if so, switching the self-flow working condition of the ship self-flow cooling system to a pump flow working condition, and entering a step 9, otherwise, keeping the self-flow working condition and entering a step 8;
and step 8: judging whether the pressure filtering signal P2 is smaller than a preset lower limit value Pc of the condenser pressure, if so, reducing the opening of the working steam valve of the air ejector, otherwise, keeping the working steam valve of the air ejector fully opened;
and step 9: the pump flow/gravity flow switching control flow ends.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, the pressure signal P2 is obtained after the collected pressure signal P1 is digitally filtered, and the numerical filtering is specifically average filtering.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the step 2, the ship navigation working condition is used as an input signal, and the condenser pressure threshold value is obtained through table look-up.
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that after step 8, a method of suppressing a condenser pressure transient overpressure false alarm phenomenon of the marine free-flowing cooling system is further performed,
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting signals by the pressure sensor of the condenser to obtain a pressure signal P2 serving as a first input signal of the inhibition method;
s2, taking the ship sailing working condition and an overpressure alarm threshold Pu corresponding to the sailing working condition as a second input signal and a third input signal of the inhibition method;
s3, judging whether the pressure signal P2 of the condenser reaches the overpressure alarm threshold Pu, if so, entering a step S4, otherwise, entering a step S7 without any action;
s4, judging whether the overpressure of the condenser is caused by the dynamic variable working condition process of the ship speed, if so, entering the step S5, otherwise, immediately alarming and entering the step S7;
s5, in order to reduce the overpressure influence of the condenser in the working condition conversion process, introducing an air extractor for intervention in advance, namely increasing air extraction capacity in the working condition rising process and reducing air extraction capacity in the working condition falling process on the basis of ensuring the stable working of the air extractor, and setting delay alarm time t;
s6, judging whether the pressure of the condenser returns to normal within the delay alarm time t, if so, canceling the alarm, otherwise, immediately alarming;
step S7: and ending the flow.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: and the value of the delay alarm time t is determined according to the ship navigation working condition.
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