CN115749602A - Geological survey drilling equipment for improving perpendicularity of drill hole and drilling sampling method thereof - Google Patents
Geological survey drilling equipment for improving perpendicularity of drill hole and drilling sampling method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115749602A CN115749602A CN202211407496.5A CN202211407496A CN115749602A CN 115749602 A CN115749602 A CN 115749602A CN 202211407496 A CN202211407496 A CN 202211407496A CN 115749602 A CN115749602 A CN 115749602A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- drilling
- sampling
- rod
- drill
- drill rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention provides geological survey drilling equipment for improving the verticality of a drill hole and a drilling sampling method thereof. The geological exploration drilling equipment comprises a steel beam platform, a platform bracket, geological exploration equipment arranged on the steel beam platform, a sleeve positioned in a core drilling hole, and cones which are respectively hung upside down on the front surface and the side surface of the drilling machine, wherein the perpendicularity of a driving drill rod is calibrated by using a cone perpendicular line; in the drilling process, a sleeve with a circumferential cushion block on the inner wall is adopted, and a special drill rod with a hemispherical joint is additionally arranged at the joint to send a core taking pipe with a special drill bit into the stratum for drilling and coring; and adjusting the reading of the pressure gauge according to the descending rate of the driving drill rod, further adjusting the rotation rate of the drilling machine in real time, adjusting the sampling cycle, and simultaneously drilling back and forth by utilizing a drill bit with forward and directional drilling teeth to continuously trim the hole wall of the drilling hole. The invention adopts a plurality of measures and provides a corresponding drilling method to reduce the deflection of the drill hole and improve the verticality of the drill hole of the geological exploration drilling machine, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the geological exploration result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to geological exploration drilling equipment for improving the verticality of a drill hole and a drilling sampling method thereof.
Background
The geological exploration drilling machine is an essential important step in geological exploration operation, and can take out a soil layer, a sand layer, a strongly weathered rock stratum, a moderately weathered rock stratum, a slightly weathered rock stratum and the like from top to bottom at a distributed exploration hole, so that exploration technicians can know geological conditions and the trend of the stratum more visually, and take a sample from the stratum to carry out a series of related test researches, so that the geological exploration drilling machine is greatly used for exploration operation. The conventional geological exploration drilling machine is mainly a rotary drilling machine, and the principle of the rotary drilling machine is that a section of sampling drill rod is connected with a coring pipe through threads, and then pressure is applied through hydraulic pressure and the self weight of the drill rod to perform drilling operation. The rock amplitude of the geological exploration drilling machine is generally large in the drilling process, the connection part of the drill rods has certain lateral deformation, so that the drill holes are inevitably deflected along with deepening of the drill holes, the quality of exploration results can be finally reduced, and the deflection is more obvious under complex geological conditions such as large rock stratum attitude dip angle, soft and hard interbedded rock stratum and the like.
The improvement measure commonly used at present is to control and adjust the verticality of the driving drill rod of the geological exploration drill, although the technology can ensure the verticality of the shallow drill rod to a certain degree, the verticality control on deeper drilling holes is limited, and the influence of the shaking amplitude of the geological exploration drill on the adjustment is not considered. Therefore, the drilling verticality of the geological exploration drilling machine is well improved, and the problem which needs to be solved by a plurality of exploration technicians is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide geological survey drilling equipment for improving the verticality of a drill hole and a drilling sampling method thereof, and the equipment and the method are used for solving the problem that the drill hole is easy to deflect in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides geological exploration drilling equipment for improving the verticality of a drill hole, which comprises a steel beam platform, a platform bracket, geological exploration equipment arranged on the steel beam platform and a drill rod verticality correcting mechanism, wherein the steel beam platform is provided with a steel beam platform; the geological exploration equipment comprises a bottom plate fixed on the steel beam platform, a geological exploration drilling machine positioned on the bottom plate, a sampling drilling rod arranged below a driving drilling rod of the geological exploration drilling machine, a core taking pipe arranged at the bottom end of the drilling rod and a sampling drill bit arranged at the lower end of the core taking pipe, wherein a drilling hole is formed in the bottom plate corresponding to the sampling drilling hole; the drill rod verticality correcting mechanism comprises cones which are suspended on the front surface and the side surface of the geological exploration equipment, and the two cones are respectively arranged on a transverse middle parting line and a vertical middle parting line of the drilling hole; the sampling drill rod comprises a plurality of sections of specially-made drill rods which are connected with each other, an arc-shaped or spherical convex joint is arranged at the connecting part of two adjacent sections of specially-made drill rods, a circle of forward drilling teeth and a circle of reverse drilling teeth are arranged on the sampling drill bit, and the forward drilling teeth are arranged on the drilling end face of the sampling drill bit; and a pressure gauge is arranged on the geological exploration drilling machine.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: when the hole depth of drilling in the sample is greater than 30m, drilling equipment is still including setting up the sampling sleeve pipe in the drilling in the sample, the sampling sleeve pipe adopts the purpose-built sleeve pipe of the cushion that the inner wall hoop was arranged, the cushion is the arc piece, is annular interval distribution at set intraductal wall, and the ring body internal diameter that a plurality of cushion are constituteed is greater than the maximum diameter of arc or spherical evagination joint, coring pipe and the outside drilling teeth ring body external diameter of sample drill bit.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the geological exploration equipment also comprises a winch arranged on the geological exploration drilling machine and a steel twisted rope for a lifting rod, wherein one end of the steel twisted rope is wound on a winding roller of the winch, and the other end of the steel twisted rope is provided with a buckle clamp; when the drilling coring is finished and the rod is lifted, one end of the steel strand rope, which is provided with the buckle clamp, bypasses the pulley at the top of the platform support and then is connected with the sampling drill rod, and the sampling drill rod, the core taking pipe and the sampling drill bit are pulled up through the winch and the steel strand.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the steel beam platform is a 'well' -shaped steel beam platform, the cone is suspended outside the steel beam platform through a support, and the conical tip of the cone faces downwards; a damper is mounted on the platform support.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the arc-shaped or spherical convex joint comprises a first hemispherical joint and a second hemispherical joint which are arranged at two ends of each special drill rod of the sampling drill rod and are matched with each other, and inner threads and outer threads which are matched with each other are respectively arranged in the two hemispherical joints; the lower extreme of drive drilling rod is connected with the third hemisphere joint with the hemisphere of the purpose-built drilling rod tip of first section of sample drilling rod upper end connects to be connected with sample drilling rod through the third hemisphere joint, the lower extreme of sample drilling rod passes through the reducer union and is connected with the coring pipe, the reducer union is equipped with the hemisphere that connects assorted hickey with the last purpose-built drilling rod tip of sample drilling rod lower extreme, sample drill bit threaded connection is at the coring pipe lower extreme.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: two sides of the top of each special drill rod and the variable-diameter joint of the sampling drill rod are symmetrically provided with a rod lifting groove and a pad fork groove, and the lower end of each special drill rod is also provided with a wrench fork groove; the casing is formed by connecting a plurality of casing threads.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention also provides a drilling and sampling method for geological survey drilling equipment for improving the verticality of the drilled hole, which is characterized in that the drilling and sampling method is used for the condition that the depth of the sampled hole is more than 30m, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Determining the correct position of an exploration hole, leveling the site, placing a steel beam platform in a shape like a Chinese character 'jing', placing geological exploration equipment on the steel beam platform, enabling a drilling hole in a bottom plate to be opposite to a sampling drilling hole, installing a geological exploration drilling machine on the bottom plate, and enabling the position of a driving drilling rod to be opposite to the drilling hole;
(2) Reversely hanging a cone on the front and the side of the geological exploration drilling machine through vertical lines respectively, arranging a damper on a platform support through a cross rod, checking whether the distance between the center of a driving drill rod and the center of an exploration hole is within a deviation range after the verticality of the driving drill rod is calibrated through two cones, and if not, readjusting the position of the geological exploration drilling machine until the requirement is met;
(3) After the hole sites are determined, the length of the sampling sleeve is determined according to the predicted hole depth, shallow sampling is carried out, the sampling sleeve is installed in the shallow sampling process, the shallow drilling sampling process and the installation process of the sampling sleeve are carried out in a crossed mode, and the specific process is as follows: firstly, a sampling drill bit is installed on a coring pipe and connected with a sampling drill rod to form a sampling drill bit, then the sampling drill bit is connected with a driving drill rod, the sampling drill bit is gradually drilled into the stratum by the driving drill rod for one time of coring operation, the sampling drill bit is taken out, then a drill bit with the diameter larger than the outer diameter of a casing is installed at the bottom of the casing, the upper part of the drill bit is connected with the driving drill rod through a matched reducing joint, the casing is drilled to the current coring depth by the driving drill rod and is fixed by a casing tongs, the driving drill rod is connected with the sampling drill bit and is placed into the casing after the reducing joint is removed, the number of the drill rods is increased for next time sampling, the length of the casing is also increased to the next time sampling depth after the next time sampling, the process is repeated, and the shallow sampling and the casing installation are completed; the sampling drill rod is formed by connecting a plurality of special drill rods with hemispherical joints, and the hemispherical joints of two adjacent sections of drill rods are connected to form an arc-shaped or spherical convex joint; the lower end surface of the sampling drill bit is provided with a circle of forward drilling teeth which drill downwards, and the middle part of the sampling drill bit is provided with a circle of reverse drilling teeth; the sleeve is a special sleeve with arc cushion blocks arranged annularly on the inner wall;
(4) When the sampling casing pipe is lowered to a preset position, the sampling casing pipe is fixed by using casing tongs to prevent slipping, then deep drilling sampling is started, a deep sampling drilling tool is the same as a shallow sampling drilling tool, and the taking-out process of the deep sampling drilling tool is the same as the taking-out process of the shallow sampling drilling tool; when a deep drilling hole is used for sampling, a sampling drill bit is arranged on the coring pipe and is connected with a sampling drill rod to form a sampling drill tool, then the sampling drill tool is connected with a driving drill rod, the sampling drill tool is placed into a casing pipe by using the driving drill rod, the number of the sampling drill rods is increased according to the hole depth, and the sampling drill rod is gradually drilled into a deep stratum for deep coring operation; in the sampling drilling process, the lateral deformation of the connection part of the drill rod is reduced through the arc-shaped or spherical convex joint of the sampling drill rod, a driller compares the driving drill rod with the vertical lines of the suspension cones in two directions, the verticality is calibrated, and the angle of the driving drill rod is immediately adjusted if the driving drill rod is inclined; the driving drill rod is lifted and lowered back and forth, and the hole wall is continuously trimmed by utilizing reverse drilling teeth outside the drill bit, so that the perpendicularity of the drilled hole is improved;
(5) After all sampling processes are completed, firstly extracting a sampling drilling tool, then connecting a sampling sleeve with a driving drill rod through a reducer union, loosening the sleeve by using the driving drill rod, clamping a rod-lifting groove position of the uppermost reducer union through a buckle clamp at the end part of a steel strand, controlling a winch to drive the steel strand to pull up the sleeve along a pulley at the top end of a platform support, fixing the sleeve by using a casing tong, and then buckling the outer wall of the sleeve by using another casing tong to separate two adjacent upper and lower sleeves, repeating the action to take out each section of sleeve in the depth, and finally sealing holes.
The invention has the advantages that: the sampling drilling tool pulling-out process in the step (5) is the same as the sampling drilling tool pulling-out process in each round in the step (3) and the step (4), and the specific process is as follows: demolish the drive drilling rod earlier, the buckle through the steel strand wires tip presss from both sides the pole-lifting groove position of the first section of sample drilling rod of top, and the control winch drives the steel strand wires and pulls up this section of sample drilling rod along platform support top pulley to insert the back that the pallet fork recess was fixed through the pallet fork, will pull the fork and inject and pull the fork recess and reverse, make two sections adjacent sample drilling rods from top to bottom break away from, repeat this action and can take out every section of sample drilling rod of depths and core pipe.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: when the sampling sleeve is installed, the sampling drilling depth is increased by 8-11 m, and the using length of the sampling sleeve is increased by 3-5 m; the arc-shaped cushion blocks of the sampling inner wall are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve at equal intervals, and the cushion blocks are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve at intervals in the annular direction to control the lateral deformation of the drill rod.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: lifting and lowering the driving drill rod back and forth once every drilling and sampling time in the drilling and sampling process in the step (4), wherein the back and forth times are controlled to be 2-5 times; the number of drilling and sampling returns and the rotation rate of the drilling machine are adjusted according to the descending rate of the driving drill rod; when the descending speed of the driving drill rod is stable, the pressure expression number is adjusted to a middle gear, the medium-speed rotation speed is selected, the power of the drilling machine is kept, and the sampling time is 2 m/time; when the descending speed of the driving drill rod is unstable, the pressure expression number is adjusted to a low level, the slow rotation speed is selected, the power of the drilling machine is kept, and the sampling time is 0.5 m/time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention adopts the modes of leveling the field and correcting and driving the drill rod, improves the verticality of the drill rod in advance, facilitates the adjustment of later-stage drilling personnel, and then reduces the lateral offset of the drill rod by using the special casing and the special drill rod so as to reduce the accumulated offset of the core taking pipe in the deep position;
(2) The hemispherical joint at the joint of the special drill rod can effectively control the lateral deformation, and the cushion blocks arranged annularly on the inner wall of the sleeve pipe can further control the lateral deformation of the drill rod in the drilling process, so that the accumulated offset at the core taking pipe is reduced.
(3) When the drilling machine drills, the rotation speed of the drilling machine is adjusted in real time according to the descending speed of the driving drill rod, the sampling time is adjusted, and the special drill bit provided with the drilling teeth and the reverse drilling teeth is adopted, so that the drill bit can drill up and down back and forth while the driving drill rod is lifted and lowered, the hole wall is continuously trimmed, and the verticality of a drill hole is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall construction of a geological survey drilling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a geological survey drilling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of a sampling drill according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a sampling drill rod connection part in the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a sampling drill pipe connection according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the drilling state of the sampling drill rod in the invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view AA in FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the drill bit of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a bottom plate; 100-drilling a hole; 2-a steel girder platform; 3-geological exploration drilling machine; 4-a platform support; 400-pulley, 5-sampling drill rod; 6-a winch; 7-an arcuate or spherical male joint; 700-a first hemispherical joint; 701-a second hemispherical joint; 702-a third hemispherical joint; 703-a reducer union; 8-a clip; 9-a pressure gauge; 10-driving a drill rod; 11-steel strand; 12-a sampling cannula; 13-cone; 14-a sampling drill bit; 15-drilling teeth in a forward direction; 16-reverse drilling teeth; 17-a damper; 18-a scaffold; 19-core tube taking; 20-a pallet fork groove; 21-a fork recess; 22-a rising bar groove; 23-cushion block.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples. Fig. 1 to 8 are drawings of embodiments, which are drawn in a simplified manner and are only used for the purpose of clearly and concisely illustrating the embodiments of the present invention. The following technical solutions presented in the drawings are specific to the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment, the geological exploration drilling equipment for improving the perpendicularity of a drill hole is provided, as shown in figures 1 and 2, the geological exploration drilling equipment comprises a steel beam platform 2, a platform bracket 4, geological exploration equipment arranged on the steel beam platform 2 and a drill rod perpendicularity correcting mechanism; the steel beam platform 2 is a 'well' -shaped steel beam platform, and the damper 17 is arranged on the platform support 4, so that the shaking amplitude of the drilling machine is reduced, and the driving drill rod 10 is conveniently adjusted in real time in the drilling process. The driving drill rod 10 is a drill rod of the geological exploration drilling machine 3, mainly provides power for the sampling drill rod 5, and the driving drill rod 10 can be detached. The geological exploration equipment comprises a bottom plate 1 fixed on a steel beam platform 2, a geological exploration drilling machine 3 positioned on the bottom plate 1, a sampling drilling rod 5 arranged below a driving drilling rod 10 of the geological exploration drilling machine 3, a coring pipe 19 arranged at the bottom end of the drilling rod and a sampling drill bit 14 arranged at the lower end of the coring pipe 19, wherein a drilling hole 100 is formed in the bottom plate 1 corresponding to the position of coring drilling. The drill rod verticality correcting mechanism comprises cones 13 suspended on the front face and the side face of the geological exploration equipment, and the two cones 13 are respectively arranged on the transverse midsplit line and the vertical midsplit line of the drilling hole 100; the cone 13 is suspended outside the steel beam platform 2 through a bracket 18, the conical tip of the cone 13 faces downwards and is suspended on the bracket 18 through a hammer line; the geological exploration equipment also comprises a winch 6 arranged on the geological exploration drilling machine 3 and a steel stranded rope 5 for lifting a rod, wherein one end of the steel stranded rope 5 is wound on a winding roller of the winch 6, and the other end of the steel stranded rope is provided with a clamping clip 8; when the rod is pulled up after the core is taken in the drilling hole, one end of the steel strand rope 5 provided with the buckle clamp 8 is connected with the sampling drill rod 5 after bypassing the pulley 400 at the top of the platform support 4, and the sampling drill rod 5, the core taking pipe 19 and the sampling drill bit 14 are pulled up through the winch 6 and the steel strand 11.
In the geological survey drilling equipment for improving the verticality of the drilled hole, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the sampling drill rod 5 comprises a plurality of sections of specially-made drill rods which are connected with each other, an arc-shaped or spherical male joint 7 is arranged at the connecting part of two adjacent sections of specially-made drill rods, the arc-shaped or spherical male joint 7 comprises a first hemispherical joint 700 and a second hemispherical joint 701 which are arranged at two ends of each specially-made drill rod of the sampling drill rod 5 and are matched with each other, and the two hemispherical joints are internally and externally provided with matched threads; the lower end of the driving drill rod 10 is connected with a third hemispherical joint 702 matched with a hemispherical joint at the end part of a first section of specially-made drill rod at the upper end of the sampling drill rod 5 and is connected with the sampling drill rod 5 through the third hemispherical joint 702, the lower end of the sampling drill rod 5 is connected with the coring pipe 19 through a reducing joint 703, the reducing joint 703 is provided with a threaded interface matched with the hemispherical joint at the end part of a last section of specially-made drill rod at the lower end of the sampling drill rod 5, and the sampling drill bit 14 is in threaded connection with the lower end of the coring pipe 19. Two sides of the top of each section of special drill rod and the reducer union 703 of the sampling drill rod 5 are symmetrically provided with a rod lifting groove 22 and a pad fork groove 20, and the lower end of each special drill rod is also provided with a wrench fork groove 21. As shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the depth of the core drill hole is greater than 30m, a sampling sleeve 12 is arranged in the sampling drill hole, the sampling sleeve 12 is a special sleeve with a cushion block 23 arranged annularly on the inner wall, and the use length of the sleeve is increased by 3-5 m when the depth of the core drill hole is increased by 8-11 m; the cushion blocks 23 are arc-shaped blocks and are distributed on the inner wall of the sleeve 12 at intervals in an annular mode, the inner diameter of a ring body formed by the cushion blocks 23 is larger than the maximum diameter of the outer diameter of the arc-shaped or spherical outer convex joint 7, the coring pipe 19 and the outer drill tooth ring body of the sampling drill bit 14, the purpose of controlling the lateral deformation of the drill rod is achieved through the cushion blocks 23, and the sleeve 12 is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of sleeve threads. The lateral deformation of the drill rod joint is reduced by specially manufacturing the hemispherical joint at the drill rod joint, and the distance between the hemispherical joint and the cushion block on the inner wall of the sleeve is smaller, so that the accumulated offset of the deep core-taking pipe can be further reduced.
In the geological exploration drilling equipment for improving the verticality of the drilled hole, as shown in fig. 3 and 8, a circle of forward drilling teeth 15 and a circle of reverse drilling teeth 16 are arranged on the sampling drill bit 14, and the forward drilling teeth 15 are arranged on the drilling end face of the sampling drill bit 14; the drilling teeth of the forward drilling teeth 15 face downwards, the drilling teeth of the reverse drilling teeth 16 face upwards, and the forward drilling teeth 15 and the reverse drilling teeth 16 are distributed at equal intervals; and when the drill bit is drilled for one time, the driving drill rod needs to be lifted and lowered back and forth, the hole wall is continuously trimmed by utilizing the reverse drill teeth 16 outside the drill bit, the verticality of the drilled hole is improved, and the back and forth times are controlled to be 2-5 times. The geological exploration drilling machine 3 is provided with a pressure gauge 9, and the sampling time and the rotation rate can be adjusted through the indication of the pressure gauge 9 in the drilling and sampling process. When the descending speed of the driving drill rod is stable, the pressure gauge 9 performs exponential adjustment to a middle gear, the medium-speed rotation speed is selected, the power of the drilling machine is kept, and the sampling time is 2 m/time; when the descending speed of the driving drill rod is unstable, the pressure expression number is adjusted to a low level, the slow rotation speed is selected, the power of the drilling machine is kept, and the sampling time is 0.5 m/time.
The sampling drill rod is provided with the hemispherical joints, and the two hemispherical joints are combined into the arc-shaped or spherical outer convex joint 7 after being connected, so that the lateral deformation can be effectively controlled during drilling and sampling; and the sleeve 12 provided with the cushion block is matched, the cushion block 23 which is annularly arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 12 in the drilling process can further control the lateral deformation of the sampling drill rod 5, and the accumulated offset at the position of the coring pipe 19 is reduced. During drilling, the reading of the pressure gauge 6 can be adjusted according to the descending rate of the driving drill rod 10, so that the rotation rate of the geological exploration drilling machine 3 is adjusted in real time, the sampling time is adjusted, and a special drill bit provided with forward drilling teeth and reverse drilling teeth is adopted, so that the drill bit can drill up and down back and forth while the driving drill rod 10 is lifted and lowered, the hole wall is trimmed, and the verticality is improved.
In the embodiment, the geological survey drilling equipment drilling sampling method for improving the borehole verticality is used for drilling and sampling the borehole, the sampling hole depth is greater than 30m, and the specific sampling process is as follows:
(1) The correct position of the exploration hole is determined, then the site is leveled, the steel beam platform 2 in the shape of a Chinese character jing is placed, the geological exploration drilling machine 3 is arranged on the steel beam, the drilling hole 100 on the bottom plate 1 is opposite to the sampling drilling hole, the geological exploration drilling machine 3 is arranged on the bottom plate 1, and the position of the driving drilling rod 10 is opposite to the drilling hole 100.
(2) Respectively hanging a cone 13 upside down in front of the geological exploration drilling machine 3 and on the side through a vertical line, arranging a damper 17 on the platform support through a cross rod, checking whether the distance between the center of the driving drill rod 10 and the center of an exploration hole is within a deviation range after the perpendicularity of the driving drill rod 10 is calibrated through the two cones 13, and readjusting the position of the geological exploration drilling machine 3 until the requirement is met if the distance is not within the deviation range.
(3) After the hole position is determined, the length of the required sampling sleeve 12 is determined according to the predicted hole depth, shallow sampling is firstly carried out, and the shallow drilling sampling process and the process of descending the sampling sleeve 12 are carried out in a crossed manner; each section of the sampling drill rod 5 is provided with a hemispherical joint, and the hemispherical joints of two adjacent sections of the drill rods are connected to form an arc-shaped or spherical convex joint 7; the lower end surface of the sampling drill bit 14 is provided with a circle of forward drilling teeth 15 which drill downwards, and the middle part of the sampling drill bit is provided with a circle of reverse drilling teeth 16; the sampling sleeve 12 is a specially-made sleeve with arc-shaped cushion blocks 23 arranged annularly on the inner wall, and the cushion blocks 23 are annularly distributed on the inner wall of the sleeve 12 at intervals.
The shallow borehole sampling process is as follows: firstly, mounting the sampling drill bit 14 on a core taking pipe 19, connecting the sampling drill bit with a sampling drill rod 5 provided with a hemispherical joint to form a sampling drill bit, then connecting the sampling drill bit with a driving drill rod 10, gradually drilling the sampling drill bit into the stratum by using the driving drill rod 10 to perform coring operation for one time, taking out the sampling drill bit, then mounting a drill bit with the diameter larger than the outer diameter of a casing 12 at the bottom of the casing 12, connecting the upper part of the drill bit with the driving drill rod 10 through a reducing joint, drilling the casing 12 to the current coring depth by using the driving drill rod 10, fixing the casing 12 through a casing tongs, removing the reducing joint, then connecting the driving drill rod 10 with the sampling drill bit and putting the casing 12 into the casing 12, increasing the number of the drill rods for next sampling, increasing the length of the casing 12 after the next sampling, increasing the length of the casing 12 to the next sampling depth, and repeating the process; the driving drill rod 10 is required to be firstly removed in each sampling drill rod taking-out process, the rod lifting groove 22 of the first section of the sampling drill rod 5 at the uppermost end is clamped by the clamping buckle 8 at the end part of the steel strand 11, the winch 6 is controlled to drive the steel strand 11 to lift the section of the sampling drill rod 5 along the pulley 400 at the top end of the platform support 4, the pulling fork is inserted into the pulling fork groove 21 and reversely rotated after being inserted into the pad fork groove 20 for fixing through the pad fork, the upper section of the sampling drill rod 5 and the lower section of the sampling drill rod 5 which are adjacent to each other are separated, and each section of the sampling drill rod 5 and the core taking pipe 19 in the deep position can be taken out by repeating the action.
(4) When the casing 12 is lowered to a preset position, the casing 12 is fixed by using casing tongs to prevent slipping, then deep drilling sampling is started, a deep sampling drilling tool is the same as a shallow sampling drilling tool, and the taking-out process of the deep sampling drilling tool is the same as the taking-out process of the shallow sampling drilling tool; when the deep drilling is carried out for sampling, a sampling drill bit 14 is arranged on a core taking pipe 19 and is connected with a sampling drill rod 5 provided with a hemispherical joint to form a sampling drill tool, then the sampling drill tool is connected with a driving drill rod 10, the sampling drill tool is placed into a casing by utilizing the driving drill rod 10, the number of the sampling drill rods 5 is increased according to the hole depth, and the sampling drill tool is gradually drilled into a deep stratum for deep core taking operation; in the sampling and drilling process, the lateral deformation of the connection part of the drill rods is reduced through the arc-shaped or spherical convex joint 7 of the sampling drill rod 5, a driller compares the driving drill rod 10 with the vertical lines of the suspension cones 13 in two directions to calibrate the verticality, the angle of the driving drill rod 10 is immediately adjusted if the driving drill rod inclines, if the driving drill rod inclines greatly, the hole wall is deflected greatly, the deviation of the drilling sampling hole cannot be reduced by adjusting the driving drill rod, the sampling drill rod and the coring pipe are taken out, and after the verticality of the driving drill rod is calibrated, coring drilling is carried out again. In the sampling process, the driving drill rod 10 is lifted and lowered back and forth once per drilling sampling, the back and forth times are controlled to be 2-5 times, and the hole wall is continuously trimmed by utilizing the reverse drilling teeth 16 outside the drill bit, so that the drilling verticality is improved; the drilling sampling time and the drilling machine rotation speed are related to the descending speed of the driving drill rod; when the descending speed of the driving drill rod is stable, the pressure expression number is adjusted to a middle gear, the medium-speed rotation speed is selected, the power of the drilling machine is kept, and the sampling time is 2 m/time; when the descending speed of the driving drill rod is unstable, the pressure expression number is adjusted to a low level, the slow rotation speed is selected, the power of the drilling machine is kept, and the sampling time is 0.5 m/time.
(5) After all sampling processes are completed, firstly, a sampling drilling tool is pulled out, then, the sleeve 12 is connected with the driving drill rod 10 through the reducer union 24, the driving drill rod 10 is utilized to loosen the sleeve 12, the clamping clamp 8 at the end part of the steel strand 11 clamps the lifting rod groove 22 position of the reducer union at the uppermost end, the winch 6 is controlled to drive the steel strand 11 to pull up the section of the sleeve 12 along the pulley 400 at the top end of the platform support 4, after the sleeve is fixed through a casing clamp, the sleeve 12 is buckled by another casing clamp and then rotates reversely, the upper and lower adjacent sections of the sleeve 12 are separated, each section of the sleeve 12 can be taken out by repeating the action, and finally, hole sealing can be carried out.
The above description is only for illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention will be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A geologic survey drilling apparatus that improves borehole perpendicularity, characterized by: the drilling equipment comprises a steel beam platform (2), a platform bracket (4), geological exploration equipment arranged on the steel beam platform (2) and a drill rod verticality correction mechanism; the geological exploration equipment comprises a bottom plate (1) fixed on a steel beam platform (2), a geological exploration drilling machine (3) positioned on the bottom plate (1), a sampling drilling rod (5) arranged below a driving drilling rod (10) of the geological exploration drilling machine (3), a core taking pipe (19) arranged at the bottom end of the drilling rod and a sampling drill bit (14) connected with the lower end of the core taking pipe (19), wherein a drilling hole (100) is formed in the bottom plate (1) corresponding to the sampling drilling hole; the drill rod verticality correcting mechanism comprises cones (13) suspended on the front face and the side face of the geological exploration equipment, and the two cones (13) are respectively arranged on a horizontal middle parting line and a vertical middle parting line of the drilling hole (100); the sampling drill rod (5) comprises a plurality of sections of specially-made drill rods which are connected with each other, an arc-shaped or spherical convex joint (7) is arranged at the connecting part of two adjacent sections of specially-made drill rods, a circle of forward drilling teeth (15) and a circle of reverse drilling teeth (16) are arranged on the sampling drill bit (14), and the forward drilling teeth (15) are arranged on the drilling end face of the sampling drill bit (14); and a pressure gauge (9) is arranged on the geological exploration drilling machine (3).
2. A geologic survey drilling apparatus for enhancing the verticality of a borehole according to claim 1, wherein: when the hole depth of sample drilling hole is greater than 30m, drilling equipment is still including setting up sampling sleeve pipe (12) at the sample drilling hole, sampling sleeve pipe (12) adopt the purpose-built sleeve pipe of cushion (23) that the inner wall hoop was arranged, cushion (23) are the arc piece, are annular interval distribution at sleeve pipe (12) inner wall, and the ring body internal diameter that a plurality of cushion (23) are constituteed is greater than the maximum diameter of arc or spherical evagination joint (7), coring pipe (19) and sample drill bit (14).
3. A geological survey drilling apparatus for improving the verticality of a borehole according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the geological exploration equipment also comprises a winch (6) arranged on the geological exploration drilling machine (3) and a steel twisted rope (5) for lifting a rod, wherein one end of the steel twisted rope (5) is wound on a winding roller of the winch (6), and the other end of the steel twisted rope is provided with a buckle clamp (8); when coring and pulling out the pole after finishing drilling, the one end that steel strand wires (5) were equipped with buckle clamp (8) is connected with sample drilling rod (5) after round pulley (400) at platform support (4) top to pull out sample drilling rod (5), coring pipe (19) and sample drill bit (14) through hoist engine (6) and steel strand wires (11).
4. A geological survey drilling apparatus for improving the verticality of a borehole according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the steel beam platform (2) is a steel beam platform in a shape like a Chinese character 'jing', the cone (13) is suspended at the outer side of the steel beam platform (2) through a bracket (18), and the conical tip of the cone is downward; a damper (17) is mounted on the platform support (4).
5. A geologic survey drilling apparatus for enhancing the verticality of a borehole according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the arc-shaped or spherical outer convex joint (7) comprises a first hemispherical joint (700) and a second hemispherical joint (701) which are arranged at two ends of each special drill rod of the sampling drill rod (5) and are matched with each other, and inner threads and outer threads which are matched with each other are respectively arranged in the two hemispherical joints; the lower extreme of drive drilling rod (10) is connected with and takes a sample the third hemisphere joint (702) that the hemisphere of drilling rod tip was made purpose-built to the first section in drilling rod (5) upper end connects to be connected with sample drilling rod (5) through third hemisphere joint (702), the lower extreme of sample drilling rod (5) passes through reducer union (703) and is connected with coring pipe (19), reducer union (703) are equipped with and take a sample the drilling rod (5) the last hemisphere that makes purpose-built drilling rod tip of lower extreme connects the assorted hickey, sample drill bit (14) threaded connection is at coring pipe (19) lower extreme.
6. Geological survey drilling equipment for improving the verticality of a borehole according to claim 5, wherein: two sides of the top of each special drill rod and the reducing joint (703) of the sampling drill rod (5) are symmetrically provided with a rod lifting groove (22) and a cushion fork groove (20), and the lower end of each special drill rod is also provided with a spanner fork groove (21); the casing (12) is formed by connecting a plurality of casing threads.
7. A method for drilling and sampling by using the geological survey drilling equipment for improving the verticality of the drilled hole according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method for drilling and sampling is used for sampling the hole with the depth of more than 30m, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Determining the correct position of an exploration hole, leveling the site, placing a steel beam platform in a shape like a Chinese character 'jing', placing geological exploration equipment on the steel beam platform, enabling a drilling hole in a bottom plate to be opposite to a sampling drilling hole, installing a geological exploration drilling machine on the bottom plate, and enabling the position of a driving drilling rod to be opposite to the drilling hole;
(2) Reversely hanging a cone on the front and the side of the geological exploration drilling machine through vertical lines respectively, arranging a damper on a platform support through a cross rod, checking whether the distance between the center of a driving drill rod and the center of an exploration hole is within a deviation range after the verticality of the driving drill rod is calibrated through two cones, and if not, readjusting the position of the geological exploration drilling machine until the requirement is met;
(3) After the hole site is determined, the length of the sampling sleeve is determined according to the predicted hole depth, shallow sampling is carried out, the sampling sleeve is simultaneously installed in the shallow sampling process, the shallow drilling sampling process and the installation process of the sampling sleeve are carried out in a crossed mode, and the specific process is as follows: firstly, mounting a sampling drill bit on a core taking pipe, connecting the sampling drill bit with a sampling drill rod to form a sampling drill bit, then connecting the sampling drill bit with a driving drill rod, after the sampling drill bit is gradually drilled into the stratum for one-time coring operation by using the driving drill rod, taking out the sampling drill bit, then mounting a drill bit with the diameter larger than the outer diameter of a casing at the bottom of the casing, connecting the upper part of the drill bit with the driving drill rod through a matched reducing joint, drilling the casing to the current coring depth by using the driving drill rod, fixing the casing by using a casing clamp, removing the reducing joint, then connecting the driving drill rod with the sampling drill bit and putting the casing into the casing, increasing the number of the drill rods for next-time sampling, increasing the length of the casing to the next-time sampling depth after the next-time sampling, repeating the process, and completing shallow-part sampling and casing mounting; the sampling drill rod is formed by connecting a plurality of special drill rods with hemispherical joints, and the hemispherical joints of two adjacent sections of drill rods are connected to form an arc-shaped or spherical convex joint; the lower end surface of the sampling drill bit is provided with a circle of forward drilling teeth which drill downwards, and the middle part of the sampling drill bit is provided with a circle of reverse drilling teeth; the sleeve is a special sleeve with arc cushion blocks arranged annularly on the inner wall;
(4) When the sampling casing pipe is lowered to a preset position, the sampling casing pipe is fixed by using casing tongs to prevent slipping, then deep drilling sampling is started, a deep sampling drilling tool is the same as a shallow sampling drilling tool, and the taking-out process of the deep sampling drilling tool is the same as the taking-out process of the shallow sampling drilling tool; when deep drilling and sampling are carried out, a sampling drill bit is installed on the coring pipe and is connected with a sampling drill rod to form a sampling drill tool, then the sampling drill tool is connected with a driving drill rod, the sampling drill tool is placed into a casing pipe by using the driving drill rod, the number of the sampling drill rods is increased according to the hole depth, and the sampling drill rod is gradually drilled into a deep stratum to carry out deep coring operation; in the sampling drilling process, the lateral deformation of the connection part of the drill rod is reduced through the arc-shaped or spherical convex joint of the sampling drill rod, a driller compares the driving drill rod with the vertical lines of the suspension cones in two directions, the verticality is calibrated, and if the driving drill rod is inclined, the angle of the driving drill rod is immediately adjusted; the driving drill rod is lifted and lowered back and forth, and the hole wall is continuously trimmed by utilizing reverse drilling teeth outside the drill bit, so that the perpendicularity of the drilled hole is improved;
(5) Treat that all sampling processes accomplish the back, extract the drilling tool of taking a sample earlier, pass through the reducer union with the drive drilling rod with the sampling sleeve pipe again and be connected, utilize the drive drilling rod to change the sleeve pipe pine, the buckle clamp through the steel strand wires tip presss from both sides the play pole slot position of the reducer union of the top, control the winch and drive the steel strand wires and pull up this section of sleeve pipe along platform support top pulley, and fix the back well through the casing tongs, detain the sleeve pipe outer wall with another casing tongs, make two sections upper and lower adjacent sleeve pipes break away from, repeat this action and can take out every section of sleeve pipe of depths, it can to carry out the hole sealing at last.
8. The method of drilling a sample using a geologic survey drilling apparatus that increases borehole verticality according to claim 7, wherein: the sampling drilling tool pulling-out process in the step (5) is the same as the sampling drilling tool pulling-out process in each round in the step (3) and the step (4), and the specific process is as follows: demolish the drive drilling rod earlier, the buckle through the steel strand wires tip presss from both sides the pole-lifting groove position of the first section of sample drilling rod of top, and the control winch drives the steel strand wires and pulls up this section of sample drilling rod along platform support top pulley to insert the back that the pallet fork recess was fixed through the pallet fork, will pull the fork and inject and pull the fork recess and reverse, make two sections adjacent sample drilling rods from top to bottom break away from, repeat this action and can take out every section of sample drilling rod of depths and core pipe.
9. A method of drilling samples using geological survey drilling equipment that increases borehole verticality according to claim 7, wherein: when the sampling sleeve is installed, the sampling drilling depth is increased by 8-11 m, and the using length of the sampling sleeve is increased by 3-5 m; the arc-shaped cushion blocks of the sampling inner wall are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve at equal intervals, and the cushion blocks are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve at intervals in the annular direction to control the lateral deformation of the drill rod.
10. A method of drilling samples using geological survey drilling equipment that increases borehole verticality according to claim 7, wherein: in the step (4), when drilling and sampling are carried out for one time in the drilling and sampling process, the driving drill rod is lifted and lowered back and forth, and the back and forth times are controlled to be 2-5 times; the number of drilling and sampling returns and the rotation rate of the drilling machine are adjusted according to the descending rate of the driving drill rod; when the descending speed of the driving drill rod is stable, the pressure expression number is adjusted to a middle gear, the medium-speed rotation speed is selected, the power of the drilling machine is kept, and the sampling time is 2 m/time; when the descending speed of the driving drill rod is unstable, the pressure expression number is adjusted to a low level, the slow rotation speed is selected, the power of the drilling machine is kept, and the sampling time is 0.5 m/time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211407496.5A CN115749602A (en) | 2022-11-10 | 2022-11-10 | Geological survey drilling equipment for improving perpendicularity of drill hole and drilling sampling method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211407496.5A CN115749602A (en) | 2022-11-10 | 2022-11-10 | Geological survey drilling equipment for improving perpendicularity of drill hole and drilling sampling method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115749602A true CN115749602A (en) | 2023-03-07 |
Family
ID=85369157
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211407496.5A Pending CN115749602A (en) | 2022-11-10 | 2022-11-10 | Geological survey drilling equipment for improving perpendicularity of drill hole and drilling sampling method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115749602A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116378590A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-07-04 | 中国海洋大学 | Drilling system for deep coring |
| CN116517468A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-08-01 | 四川路桥华东建设有限责任公司 | Drilling and sampling device for side wall of rock mass for tunnel construction survey |
-
2022
- 2022-11-10 CN CN202211407496.5A patent/CN115749602A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116378590A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-07-04 | 中国海洋大学 | Drilling system for deep coring |
| CN116378590B (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-09-29 | 中国海洋大学 | Drilling system for deep coring |
| CN116517468A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-08-01 | 四川路桥华东建设有限责任公司 | Drilling and sampling device for side wall of rock mass for tunnel construction survey |
| CN116517468B (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-08-25 | 四川路桥华东建设有限责任公司 | Drilling and sampling device for side wall of rock mass for tunnel construction survey |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN115749602A (en) | Geological survey drilling equipment for improving perpendicularity of drill hole and drilling sampling method thereof | |
| WO2018133886A1 (en) | Rope coring drill-based engineering geology drilling construction method | |
| CA3004688C (en) | An engineering geological drilling construction method based on wire line coring drilling tool | |
| CN111622224B (en) | Construction method of connected column pile in reverse construction method | |
| CN107476774B (en) | The processing method of burying in a kind of drill-pouring work progress mesoporous | |
| CN206681671U (en) | A kind of jackstone stratigraphical drilling device | |
| KR101287456B1 (en) | Apparatus for withdrawing excavating bit in excavation hole | |
| CN113293783B (en) | Construction method for hole leading of underwater steel cofferdam | |
| CN111155513B (en) | Full-slewing drilling machine and hydraulic vibration hammer cooperative well drilling method | |
| CN102061883B (en) | Eccentric wheel clamp and method for running casing in drill hole of mine | |
| CN107489140A (en) | A kind of method of accurate control CFG stake height of pile top | |
| RU2401382C1 (en) | Method of performing geophysical works through drilling string | |
| CN210195670U (en) | Drilling tool suitable for manual hole leading of soft soil foundation | |
| CN113338284B (en) | Construction method for implanting large-diameter permanent steel casing into deep-water inclined bare rock | |
| CN201747260U (en) | Double-drill pipe well drill rig | |
| CN206328039U (en) | Rotary drilling rig dry drilling bar-mat reinforcement lifts fixing device | |
| JP2000154538A (en) | Plumb bob type device for driving steel pipe in inner moat and plumb bob type construction method of driving steel pipe in inner moat | |
| CN113530443B (en) | Vertical drilling method for large-diameter life-saving hole | |
| CN106194088A (en) | A kind of drilling deep hole system and improve deep hole grout curtain borehole accuracy and the method for work efficiency | |
| CN214997558U (en) | Exploratory drilling opening anti-blowout device | |
| CN210829153U (en) | Combined outer hook | |
| CN210375762U (en) | Coal geological drilling sampling device | |
| CN215053013U (en) | Drilling guide frame fixed on inner wall of outer steel casing | |
| CN212027796U (en) | Bilateral water mill bores jacking device | |
| CN110629756A (en) | Anchor cable removing method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |