CN115747504B - Segmented microwave roasting-cyaniding leaching method for carbon-containing gold ore - Google Patents
Segmented microwave roasting-cyaniding leaching method for carbon-containing gold ore Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- MXZVHYUSLJAVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold(3+);tricyanide Chemical compound [Au+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] MXZVHYUSLJAVOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000191 radiation effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052964 arsenopyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJLGNAGLHAQFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenopyrite Chemical compound [S-2].[Fe+3].[As-] MJLGNAGLHAQFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N telluride(2-) Chemical compound [Te-2] XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
A method for sectional microwave roasting-cyanidation leaching of carbon-containing gold ore belongs to the technical field of mining and metallurgy, when the carbon-containing gold ore is placed in a microwave field, the heating rate of various minerals in the ore is inconsistent due to the characteristic of microwave selective heating, the heating rate of carbonaceous, arsenic-containing and sulfur-containing minerals is higher, and the heating rate of gangue minerals such as silicon dioxide is slower, so that under the action of microwaves, harmful elements such as carbon, arsenic and sulfur can be rapidly heated and oxidized and then be efficiently removed, meanwhile, thermal stress can be generated due to the temperature difference formed between gold and each wrapped mineral, when the thermal stress reaches a certain degree, cracks can be generated on interfaces among the minerals, and the generation of the cracks can effectively promote the monomer dissociation of gold particles and increase the effective cyanidation area of gold. In the process, the arsenic-containing and sulfur-containing minerals wrapping the gold are selectively and efficiently oxidized and removed, so that gold particles are further exposed, and further the cyanide gold leaching efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining and metallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for segmented microwave roasting-cyanidation leaching of a carbon-containing gold ore.
Background
With the continuous decline of the gold ore grade, the low-grade refractory gold ore has gradually become a main resource for gold production, and the refractory gold ore can be divided into three types of sulfide ore, carbonaceous ore and telluride ore according to different mineral characteristics, wherein the carbonaceous ore is also called carbonaceous gold ore and accounts for about 8% of gold ore resources in China. At present, gold ore sorting technology is mature, and industrialization is realized for gravity separation, flotation, direct cyanide leaching, non-cyanide leaching and the like, but the effect of treating carbon-containing gold ores by the technology is poor, and the recovery rate of gold is low. The pretreatment before the leaching of the carbon-containing gold ore can oxidize, decompose and passivate the carbon, which not only can reduce the dosage of the medicament, but also can greatly improve the recovery rate of gold, wherein the roasting is the most typical pretreatment technology of the carbon-containing gold ore, such as patent CN201610201509.1, a method for roasting pretreatment of carbon-containing gold ore containing sulfur and arsenic, CN202010473109.2, a method for strengthening the leaching rate of gold by suspension roasting of the carbon-containing gold ore, CN202010473082.7, a method for separating gold from sulfur-containing gold ore by suspension roasting, and CN201811618427.2, a low-temperature oxygen-enriched roasting pretreatment-leaching gold extraction process of gold ore containing difficult to treat the carbon and arsenic.
The existing traditional roasting, oxygen-enriched roasting and other processes have high energy consumption, high treatment cost, difficult control of roasting temperature and over-burning or under-burning, wherein the over-burning leads the production process to generate a large amount of SO 2 ，As 2 O 3 Harmful gases such as carbon, arsenic, sulfur and other harmful elements can be incompletely removed due to underburn, and the environment is greatly polluted by exhaust gas generated by a roasting heat source.
The microwave roasting directly heats the substances by utilizing the energy dissipation in the substances, the heating rate is high, the heating efficiency is high, and the generation of microwaves does not need fuel, so that the microwave roasting has the characteristics of energy conservation and high efficiency; the microwave has the characteristics of selective heating and reduction of chemical reaction activation energy, and the sectional microwave roasting can realize the efficient decomposition and removal of harmful elements such as carbon, arsenic, sulfur and the like; the microwave generating device is easy to realize automatic control, and the appropriate control of the temperature can reduce SO 2 And As 2 O 3 The generation of gas reduces the negative impact on the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a segmented microwave roasting-cyaniding leaching method for carbon-containing gold ores, which aims to solve the problem that gold dissolved by carbonaceous adsorption in the carbon-containing gold ores, and granular gold wrapped by carbonaceous, arsenic-containing minerals and sulfur-containing minerals cannot be leached and recovered.
The invention combines the microwave heating technology and the suspension roasting technology to realize pretreatment before leaching of the carbon-containing gold ore, realizes preheating of the powder ore through preheating roasting, strengthens the subsequent roasting process, realizes arsenic removal through microwave dearsenification roasting, and realizes sulfur and carbon removal through microwave decarburization roasting.
The invention realizes the purposes of reducing the dosage of leached medicament and improving the recovery of gold by sectional microwave roasting pretreatment, and strengthens the gold extraction process of the carbon-containing gold ore.
The invention provides a method for sectionalized microwave roasting-cyanidation leaching of carbon-containing gold ores, which is shown in the schematic diagrams of fig. 1-5, wherein fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a preheating roasting process, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a microwave dearsenification roasting process, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a microwave decarburization roasting process, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cyanidation leaching process. The specific operation process is as follows:
(1) Crushing: crushing the two sections of the carbon-containing gold ore until the part with the particle size of-0.8 mm accounts for more than 90% of the total mass, and obtaining the powder ore.
(2) And (3) preheating and roasting: the crushed carbon-containing gold ore is fed into the first stage of the sectional microwave roasting, namely the preheating roasting operation, and the process is shown in figure 2. The high-temperature hot flue gas is fed into the bottom of a preheating roasting device, the internal temperature of the device is heated to 400-450 ℃, the retention time of the material is 10-15 mm so as to realize the preheating of raw ore, in the process, adsorbed water in mineral powder is removed, the mineral powder is heated to 350-400 ℃ after preheating roasting, and the mineral powder is fed into a second section of microwave roasting operation.
(3) The microwave dearsenifying roasting process comprises the following steps: the preheated carbon-containing gold ore is subjected to microwave dearsenification roasting operation, the process is shown in figure 3, a microwave dearsenification roasting device is adopted, a microwave heater on the outer wall of the device heats the materials in a furnace chamber to 500-550 ℃, air is introduced into the bottom of the device, and the roasting air quantity (4 m) is accurately regulated according to the requirement 3 /h～6m 3 And/h), reacting the powder ore in the device for 10-20 min.
(4) Microwave decarbonizing and roasting process: the carbon-containing gold ore with arsenic removed is subjected to microwave decarbonization roasting, the process is schematically shown in figure 4, a microwave decarbonization roasting device is adopted, a microwave heater outside the device heats the material in a furnace chamber to 550-600 ℃, and air and O are introduced into the bottom of the device 2 The roasting gas amount and the oxygen concentration are regulated and controlled according to the property change of the ore, and the total gas amount (air+oxygen) is controlled to be 8m 3 /h～12m 3 And/h, under the action of microwaves, oxidizing and decomposing carbon and sulfur elements to generate CO 2 And SO 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Meanwhile, due to the characteristic of selective microwave heating, the temperature difference among the minerals generates thermal stress, so that the minerals are easy to be physically damaged, and the reaction time of the materials in the equipment is 30-60 min.
(5) Grinding: after the microwave roasting product with the harmful elements removed is cooled to normal temperature, the part with the grain diameter of-0.074 mm is ground to more than 90 percent of the total mass, and the product becomes a cyanide leached powder ore raw material.
(6) And (3) cyaniding leaching: the ore pulp with the mass concentration of 35-45% is prepared from the above-mentioned powder ore raw materials, then sodium cyanide is added, and is stirred uniformly, and then cyanide leaching is carried out, wherein the dosage of the sodium cyanide is 0.5-8 kg/t of the powder ore raw materials, and the cyanide leaching time is 20-24 h. The cyanidation leaching process is shown in figure 5.
(7) And (3) filtering and washing: filtering the leached material to obtain noble liquid containing gold and leached filter residue.
The method for sectionally roasting and cyaniding leaching the carbon-containing gold ore by microwave comprises the following steps:
in the step (1), the ore feeding granularity of the carbon-containing gold ore is in the range of 20-400 mm. Crushing ore feeding to 5-15 mm by a jaw crusher, and crushing to-0.8 mm accounting for more than 90% by a counterattack crusher; the carbon-containing gold ore contains 5-30 g/t of Au, 0.2-20% of C, 0.1-1% of As and 5-10% of S.
In the step (3), during the process, the arsenopyrite is subjected to microwave heating to rapidly decompose, and the arsenic is removed in the form of AsS without obvious As 2 O 3 Gas generation, in fluidizationUnder the action of microwaves, the materials in the furnace are heated uniformly, the temperature is not too high to cause overburning, and due to the large microwave roasting heating rate, the powder ore reacts in the device for 10-20 min, and the obtained dearsenified roasting product is fed into a third section of microwave roasting operation.
In the step (3), the main reaction formula of the dearsenification comprises:
3FeAsS+2O 2 →Fe 3 O 4 +3AsS、2FeAsS+1.5O 2 →Fe 2 O 3 +2AsS
in the step (4), the main reaction formula of decarburization and desulfurization comprises:
FeS 2 +FeAsS→2FeS+AsS、3FeS+2O 2 →Fe 3 O 4 +3S、2FeS+1.5O 2 →Fe 2 O 3 +2S、2FeS 2 +
1.5O 2 →Fe 2 O 3 +4S、3FeS 2 +2O 2 →Fe 3 O 4 +6S
C+O 2 →CO 2 、2C+O 2 →2CO、3Fe 2 O 3 +CO→2Fe 3 O 4 +CO 2
the dearsenification, desulfuration and decarbonization of the traditional roasting mode are mostly carried out in a high-temperature environment of more than 600 ℃, and the oxygen in the device provides excessive oxygen, SO that a strong exothermic reaction occurs in the process, and a large amount of SO is generated 2 And As 2 O 3 The generation of the iron oxide can also cause the possibility of secondary gold particle encapsulation of the generated iron oxide, the related reaction of microwave roasting is semi-exothermic reaction, and the generated iron oxide does not influence the subsequent cyanide gold extraction.
The key point of the invention is as follows:
1. the invention innovatively applies the microwave heating technology to the suspension roasting process of the carbon-containing gold ore, uses microwaves as a heat source, and strengthens the removal efficiency of components such as carbon, arsenide and the like in the carbon-containing gold ore by utilizing the selective heating characteristic of the microwaves, thereby realizing the purposes of strengthening the roasting effect and improving the gold leaching rate.
2. The invention realizes the separation of harmful elements of the carbon-containing gold ore through the microwave dearsenification roasting process and the microwave decarbonization roasting processThe microwave roasting device stays for 10 to 20 minutes and 30 to 60 minutes respectively, and the time is controlled to avoid the occurrence of underburn or overburn; too short time, poor removal effect of harmful elements in the ore, too long time, and SO 2 And As 2 O 3 Is generated, resulting in environmental pollution.
3. According to the invention, gold particles of the carbon-containing gold ore are exposed through grinding, so that the subsequent cyanide leaching medicament can conveniently act on the gold particles, and the grinding fineness is ensured to be more than 90% in the range of-0.074 mm.
The invention has the following effects:
the invention has the advantages that 1: the sectional microwave suspension roasting technology is adopted, and microwaves have the characteristic of selective heating, so that oxidative decomposition of harmful elements such as carbon and the like can be efficiently realized in the microwave action process, and meanwhile, the removal of the harmful elements is more complete through sectional roasting.
The invention has the advantages of 2: microwave heating is easy to generate and control, SO that SO can be reduced by adjusting proper temperature in the roasting process 2 And As 2 O 3 And harmful gases are generated, so that the pollution of the operation to the environment is reduced.
The invention has the advantages of 3: in the microwave field, the activation energy of the chemical reaction is reduced, so that the reaction does not need long-time high temperature, the reaction mechanism determines that less heat can be released in the microwave roasting process, and the phenomenon that the new iron oxide is coated with gold particles again due to material overburning is avoided.
The invention has the advantages of 4: the sectional microwave roasting pretreatment technology can promote the efficient recovery of gold in the carbon-containing gold ore.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a segmented microwave roasting-cyanidation leaching method for carbonaceous gold ores;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a preheat firing process;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a microwave dearsenification roasting process;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a microwave decarbonizing and roasting process;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cyanidation leaching process.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme in the implementation of the invention is clearly and completely described with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments of the present invention are only used for further explanation and illustration, and are not intended to limit the scope of application thereof. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are within the scope of protection of the present patent.
The ore properties and working conditions of examples 1 and 2 are as follows, example 1: the Au content of the carbon-containing gold ore is 6.84g/t, the mass percent of C is 3.07%, the mass percent of As is 0.23%, the mass percent of S is 6.12%, and the mass percent of the carbon-containing gold ore is As follows in the example 2: the Au content of the carbon-containing gold ore is 18g/t, the mass percent of C is 4.08%, the mass percent of As is 0.31%, and the mass percent of S is 7.09%; examples 1 and 2 were each performed as follows:
(1) Crushing: and crushing the two sections of the carbon-containing gold ore until the part with the particle size of-0.8 mm accounts for 91% of the total mass, and obtaining the powder ore.
(2) And (3) preheating and roasting: the carbon-containing gold ore powder is fed into a preheating roasting device, the device is shown in figure 2, high-temperature flue gas exhausted by a microwave decarburization roasting device is used as a heat source, the temperature inside the device is heated to 400 ℃, materials stay for 12min in the device, and the materials are heated to 350 ℃ through heat conduction, convection and radiation effects, so that the adsorbed water is removed.
(3) The microwave dearsenifying roasting process comprises the following steps: the preheated carbon-containing gold ore is fed into microwave dearsenification roasting operation, and the device is shown in figure 3. Adjusting the microwave heater to control the temperature in the furnace chamber to 500 ℃ and the roasting gas quantity to 4m 3 And/h, reacting the materials in the device for 12min.
(4) Microwave decarbonizing and roasting process: carrying out microwave decarbonization roasting operation on the carbon-containing gold ore with arsenic removed, wherein the schematic diagram of the device is shown in fig. 4, regulating the temperature in a furnace chamber to be 550 ℃ by adjusting a microwave heater, and controlling the total roasting gas amount to be 9m 3 And/h, the oxygen concentration is 10%, and the reaction is continued for 40min, so that a microwave roasting product is obtained.
(5) Grinding: after the microwave roasting product is cooled to normal temperature, grinding until the grain diameter is-0.074 mm and 90 percent, and obtaining the cyanide leached powder ore raw material.
(6) And (3) cyaniding leaching: preparing ore pulp with the mass concentration of 35% from the powder ore raw materials, adding sodium cyanide, stirring uniformly, and performing cyanide leaching, wherein the dosage of the sodium cyanide is 3kg/t of the powder ore raw materials, and the cyanide leaching time is 20 hours.
(7) And (3) filtering and washing: and filtering the leached material to obtain a gold-containing noble liquid and leached slag, wherein the leaching rate of the gold in the gold-containing noble liquid in the example 1 is 95.16%, and the leaching rate of the gold in the example 2 is 96.14%.
The ore properties and working conditions of examples 3 and 4 are as follows, example 3: the Au content of the carbon-containing gold ore is 6.84g/t, the mass percent of C is 3.07%, the mass percent of As is 0.23%, the mass percent of S is 6.12%, and the mass percent of the carbon-containing gold ore is As follows in the example 4: the Au content of the carbon-containing gold ore is 18g/t, the mass percent of C is 4.08%, the mass percent of As is 0.31%, and the mass percent of S is 7.09%; the working conditions of example 3 and example 4 were identical as follows:
(1) Crushing: and crushing the two sections of the carbon-containing gold ore until the part with the particle size of-0.8 mm accounts for 95% of the total mass, and obtaining the powder ore.
(2) And (3) preheating and roasting: the carbon-containing gold ore powder ore is fed into a preheating roasting device, high-temperature hot flue gas is fed into the preheating roasting device, the temperature inside the device is heated to 420 ℃, materials stay for 15min in the middle of the device, and the materials are heated to 400 ℃ through heat conduction, convection and radiation effects, so that the removal of adsorbed water is realized.
(3) The microwave dearsenifying roasting process comprises the following steps: the preheated carbon-containing gold ore is fed into microwave dearsenification roasting operation, and the device is shown in figure 3. Adjusting the microwave heater to control the temperature in the furnace chamber at 550 ℃ and the roasting gas quantity at 5m 3 And/h, reacting the materials in the device for 15min.
(4) Microwave decarbonizing and roasting process: carrying out microwave decarbonization roasting operation on carbon-containing gold ore with arsenic removed, wherein the schematic diagram of the device is shown in fig. 4, regulating the temperature in a furnace chamber to 600 ℃ by adjusting a microwave heater, and controlling the total roasting gas amount to 11m 3 And/h, the oxygen concentration is 12%, and the reaction is continued for 50min, so that a microwave roasting product is obtained.
(5) Grinding: and cooling the microwave roasting product to normal temperature, and grinding until the grain diameter is-0.074 mm and is 95%, thereby obtaining the cyanide leached powder ore raw material.
(6) And (3) cyaniding leaching: and (3) preparing ore pulp with the mass concentration of 40% from the powder ore raw materials, adding sodium cyanide, stirring uniformly, and performing cyanide leaching, wherein the dosage of the sodium cyanide is 5kg/t of the powder ore raw materials, and the cyanide leaching time is 22 hours.
(7) And (3) filtering and washing: and filtering the leached material to obtain a gold-containing noble liquid and leached slag, wherein the leaching rate of the gold in the gold-containing noble liquid in the example 3 is 95.73%, and the leaching rate of the gold in the example 4 is 96.58%.
The ore properties and working conditions of examples 5 and 6 are as follows, example 5: the Au content of the carbon-containing gold ore is 12.36g/t, the mass percent of C is 10.23%, the mass percent of As is 0.47%, the mass percent of S is 5.87%, and the mass percent of S is example 6: the Au content of the carbon-containing gold ore is 26.31g/t, the mass percent of C is 17.86%, the mass percent of As is 0.69%, and the mass percent of S is 8.90%; examples 5 and 6 were each performed as follows:
(1) Crushing: the carbon-containing gold ore is crushed to the particle size of-0.8 mm by a jaw crusher and a reaction crusher until the total mass of the part accounts for 93%, and the powder ore is obtained.
(2) And (3) preheating and roasting: the crushed carbon-containing gold ore powder ore is fed into a preheating roasting device, the device is shown in figure 2, high-temperature hot flue gas is fed into the bottom of the device as a heat source, the temperature inside the device is heated to 430 ℃, materials stay for 11min in the device, and the materials are preheated to 360 ℃ through heat conduction, convection and radiation effects, so that the adsorbed water is removed.
(3) The microwave dearsenifying roasting process comprises the following steps: the preheated carbon-containing gold ore is fed into microwave dearsenification roasting operation, and the device is shown in figure 3. Adjusting a microwave heater to heat the materials in the furnace chamber to 520 ℃, introducing air into the bottom of the device, and adjusting the roasting gas quantity to 6m 3 And/h, reacting the materials in the device for 13min, and decomposing the arsenic minerals in the ore under the fluidized state and the microwave effect.
(4) Microwave decarbonizing and roasting process: carrying out microwave decarburization roasting operation on the carbon-containing gold ore with arsenic removed, wherein the schematic diagram of the device is shown in fig. 4, and adjusting a microwave heater to heat the material in the furnace chamber to 570 DEG CIntroducing air and oxygen into the bottom of the device, and controlling the total roasting gas amount to be 10m 3 And/h, the oxygen concentration is 15%, and the reaction is continued for 45min, so that a microwave roasting product is obtained. The ore is subjected to the three-stage roasting, and becomes easily physically damaged.
(5) Grinding: and cooling the microwave roasting product with the harmful elements removed to normal temperature, and grinding until the grain diameter is-0.074 mm and is 92%, thereby obtaining the cyanide leached powder ore raw material.
(6) And (3) cyaniding leaching: the raw materials of the powder ore are prepared into ore pulp with the mass concentration of 38%, then sodium cyanide is added, stirring is carried out uniformly, cyanide leaching is carried out, the dosage of the sodium cyanide is 4kg/t of the raw materials of the powder ore, the cyanide leaching time is 23h, and a cyanide leaching device is shown in figure 5.
(7) And (3) filtering and washing: and filtering the leached material to obtain gold-containing noble liquid and leached slag, wherein the leaching rate of the gold in the gold-containing noble liquid in the example 5 is 96.13 percent and the leaching rate of the gold in the example 6 is 96.86 percent.
The ore properties and working conditions of examples 7 and 8 were as follows: example 7: the Au content of the carbon-containing gold ore is 26.31g/t, the mass percent of C is 17.86%, the mass percent of As is 0.69%, the mass percent of S is 8.90%, and the mass percent of the carbon-containing gold ore is As follows, in the example 8: the Au content of the carbon-containing gold ore is 12.36g/t, the mass percent of C is 10.23%, the mass percent of As is 0.47%, and the mass percent of S is 5.87%; examples 7 and 8 were each performed as follows:
(1) Crushing: the two sections of the carbon-containing gold ore are crushed until the part with the particle size of-0.8 mm accounts for 94% of the total mass, and the powder ore is obtained for roasting.
(2) And (3) preheating and roasting: the carbon-containing gold ore powder ore is fed into a preheating roasting device, the device is shown in figure 2, high-temperature flue gas exhausted from a microwave decarburization roasting device is fed into the bottom of the preheating device as a heat source, the temperature inside the device is heated to 440 ℃, materials stay for 14min in the middle of the device, and the materials are heated to 380 ℃ through heat conduction, convection and radiation effects, so that the adsorbed water is removed.
(3) The microwave dearsenifying roasting process comprises the following steps: the preheated material is fed into microwave dearsenifying roasting operation, and the device is shown in figure 3. The microwave heater outside the regulator makes the temperature of the material in the furnace cavity controlled at 54Air is introduced into the bottom of the device at 0 ℃, and the roasting air quantity is adjusted to 5m 3 And/h, reacting the materials in the device for 17min, wherein the process can realize effective decomposition of the mineral containing arsenic.
(4) Microwave decarbonizing and roasting process: carrying out microwave decarburization roasting operation on the carbon-containing gold ore with arsenic removed, wherein the schematic diagram of the device is shown in fig. 4, regulating the temperature in a furnace chamber to 590 ℃, introducing air and oxygen into the bottom of the device, and controlling the total roasting gas amount to 12m 3 And/h, the oxygen concentration is 17%, the reaction is continued for 60min, and a microwave roasting product is obtained, and most of harmful elements in the product are removed.
(5) Grinding: and cooling the microwave roasting product to normal temperature, and grinding until the grain diameter is-0.074 mm and 93% of the grain diameter, thereby obtaining the cyanide leached powder ore raw material.
(6) And (3) cyaniding leaching: and (3) preparing ore pulp with the mass concentration of 42% from the powder ore raw materials, adding sodium cyanide, stirring uniformly, and performing cyanide leaching, wherein the dosage of the sodium cyanide is 7kg/t of the powder ore raw materials, and the cyanide leaching time is 24 hours.
(7) And (3) filtering and washing: and filtering the leached material to obtain gold-containing noble liquid and leached slag, wherein the leaching rate of the gold in the example 7 is 96.93% and the leaching rate of the gold in the example 8 is 96.57% after detection of the gold-containing noble liquid.
Claims (5)
1. A method for sectionalized microwave roasting-cyanidation leaching of carbon-containing gold ores is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
(1) Crushing: crushing two sections of the carbon-containing gold ore until the part with the particle size of-0.8 mm accounts for more than 90% of the total mass, and obtaining powder ore;
(2) And (3) preheating and roasting: feeding crushed carbon-containing gold ore into a first stage of sectional microwave roasting, namely preheating roasting operation, feeding high-temperature flue gas into the bottom of a preheating roasting device, heating the internal temperature of the device to 400-450 ℃, keeping the material at the temperature for 10-15 min, preheating and roasting the ore powder, and feeding the ore powder into a second stage of microwave roasting operation;
(3) The microwave dearsenifying roasting process comprises the following steps: carrying out microwave dearsenification roasting operation on the preheated carbon-containing gold ore, and adopting microwave dearsenification roastingThe device is carried out, a microwave heater on the outer wall of the microwave dearsenification roasting device heats the materials in the furnace chamber to 500-550 ℃, and the roasting gas quantity is regulated to 4m 3 /h~6m 3 Introducing air into the bottom of the device, and reacting the powder ore in the microwave dearsenifying roasting device for 10-20 min;
(4) Microwave decarbonizing and roasting process: carrying out microwave decarburization roasting operation on carbon-containing gold ore with arsenic removed, adopting a microwave decarburization roasting device, heating the materials in a furnace chamber to 550-600 ℃ by a microwave heater outside the microwave decarburization roasting device, and introducing air and O to the bottom of the device 2 The reaction time of the material in the microwave decarburization roasting device is 30-60 min, the roasting gas quantity and the oxygen concentration are regulated and controlled according to the property change of the ore, and the total gas quantity is controlled to be 8m 3 /h~12m 3 /h；
(5) Grinding: after the microwave roasting product with the harmful elements removed is cooled to normal temperature, the part with the grain diameter of-0.074 mm is ground to more than 90 percent of the total mass, and the product becomes a cyanide leached powder ore raw material;
(6) And (3) cyaniding leaching: preparing ore pulp with the mass concentration of 35% -45% from the powder ore raw materials, adding sodium cyanide, uniformly stirring, and performing cyanide leaching;
(7) And (3) filtering and washing: filtering the leached material to obtain noble liquid containing gold and leached filter residue.
2. The method for sectionalized microwave roasting-cyanidation leaching of the carbon-containing gold ores, according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the granularity of the carbon-containing gold ores is 20-400 mm, the ores are crushed to 5-15 mm by a jaw crusher, and then crushed to more than 90% of-0.8 mm by a counterattack crusher.
3. The method for segmented microwave roasting-cyanidation leaching of the carbon-containing gold ores, according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the carbon-containing gold ores have an Au content of 5-30 g/t, a C mass percentage of 0.2-20%, an As mass percentage of 0.1-1% and an S mass percentage of 5-10%.
4. The method for segmented microwave roasting-cyanidation leaching of carbon-containing gold ore according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the mineral powder is heated to 350-400 ℃ through preheating roasting.
5. The method for segmented microwave roasting-cyaniding leaching of carbon-containing gold ores, which is characterized in that in the step (6), the dosage of sodium cyanide is 0.5-8 kg/t of powder ore raw material, and the cyaniding leaching time is 20-24 h.
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