CN115747417B - Smelting production method for adding rare earth into aluminum-free deoxidized steel refined slag - Google Patents
Smelting production method for adding rare earth into aluminum-free deoxidized steel refined slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN115747417B CN115747417B CN202211600239.3A CN202211600239A CN115747417B CN 115747417 B CN115747417 B CN 115747417B CN 202211600239 A CN202211600239 A CN 202211600239A CN 115747417 B CN115747417 B CN 115747417B
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 229910000532 Deoxidized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- -1 cerium rare earth Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical group [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018516 Al—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a smelting production method for adding rare earth into refined slag of aluminum-free deoxidized steel, wherein rare earth alloy is added into the steel at the end of refining, the rare earth content in the rare earth alloy is more than or equal to 10 percent, the rare earth elements in the rare earth alloy comprise yttrium Y more than or equal to 10 percent, lanthanum La more than or equal to 5 percent, cerium Ce more than or equal to 0 percent, and the sum of the mass of lanthanum and cerium rare earth in the alloy is not more than the mass of yttrium; after the rare earth alloy is added, the heating operation is not allowed to be carried out, but a soft blowing process is needed, and the soft blowing time is more than or equal to 18min; the rare earth alloy, molten steel and slag are subjected to deoxidation and desulfurization, and the formed rare earth oxysulfide floats up into the slag and reacts with Al in the slag 2 O 3 Forming stable rare earth aluminate compound, reducing active Al in slag 2 O 3 Thereby reducing the oxidation-reduction reaction of aluminum in the inclusion-molten steel-slag and achieving the purpose of reducing the aluminum content in the molten steel and the inclusion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of application of rare earth in steel, in particular to a smelting production method for adding rare earth into aluminum-free deoxidized steel refined slag.
Background
The aluminum-free deoxidized steel has strict requirements on the aluminum content in the steel, the aluminum content in the steel is generally not more than 80ppm, and low aluminum alloy and slag materials are used for deoxidization alloying and slag formation, otherwise, the aluminum content exceeds the standard or the inclusion is coarse. Aluminum-free deoxidized steel refined slag generally has the characteristics of low alkalinity and low alumina, and the higher content of active alumina in the slag in the refining process can lead to the transfer of aluminum in the slag to molten steel and inclusions, and measures must be taken to suppress the process. The aluminum-free deoxidized steel is formed by adopting conventional lime or synthetic slag, wherein the content of aluminum oxide in the slag is below 8 percent, and certain aluminum oxide is also contained in a ladle and a refractory in the smelting process, so that the content of aluminum in molten steel and inclusions is inevitably increased, and the integral quality of the aluminum-free deoxidized steel is affected.
The invention provides a rare earth-containing refining slag system for aluminum-free deoxidized steel and a control method thereof, which are suitable for smelting and producing aluminum-free deoxidized steel, wherein rare earth alloy is added into the steel, and the rare earth alloy, molten steel and slag undergo deoxidization and desulfurization reaction, so that formed rare earth oxysulfide floats to the slag and reacts with Al in the slag 2 O 3 Forming stable rare earth aluminate compound, reducing active Al in slag 2 O 3 Thereby reducing the oxidation-reduction reaction of aluminum in the inclusion-molten steel-slag and achieving the purpose of reducing the aluminum content in the molten steel and the inclusion. Under the condition, the alloy with common aluminum content and slag materials can be adopted to carry out smelting production of aluminum-free deoxidized steel, so that the additional cost for controlling the aluminum content is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the rare earth alloy adopts a proper adding mode, so that molten steel and slag can be deoxidized, the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved, and the effect is good.
Document 1: relates to a steelmaking refining slag containing rare earth oxide and a preparation and use method thereof, which is characterized in that: a refining slag system containing rare earth oxide is designed, wherein the rare earth oxide is cerium oxide, and a mode of directly adding cerium oxide into slag is adopted. The refining slag system has good melting performance, low viscosity value at steelmaking temperature and good fluidity. Compared with the traditional refining slag system, the tests show that the deoxidization rate and the inclusion grade reduction rate reach more than 15%, and the refining efficiency is effectively improved.
Document 2: the smelting process for controlling spring steel inclusion is suitable for controlling spring steel inclusion, and features that slag forming material and final refining slag are defined, the refining slag contains no RE element and the slag system can not control Al content in molten steel.
Document 3: relates to a control method for controlling Als in low-carbon aluminum-free steel, which is suitable for the low-carbon aluminum-free steel processed by RH vacuum treatment, deoxidizes and dealuminates by utilizing an Al-O reaction in RH, strictly controls the addition amount of Al, only controls Als, and cannot control Alt and Alb.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a smelting production method for adding rare earth into refined slag of aluminum-free deoxidized steel, which comprises the steps of adding rare earth alloy into steel, deoxidizing and desulfurizing the rare earth alloy with molten steel and slag, and floating the formed rare earth oxysulfide into the slag to react with Al in the slag 2 O 3 Forming stable rare earth aluminate compound, reducing active Al in slag 2 O 3 Thereby reducing the oxidation-reduction reaction of aluminum in the inclusion-molten steel-slag and achieving the purpose of reducing the aluminum content in the molten steel and the inclusion.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a smelting production method for adding rare earth into aluminum-free deoxidized steel refined slag, which adopts the technological processes of KR molten iron pretreatment, BOF blowing, LF refining, rare earth addition, VD/RH vacuum refining and continuous casting, and is characterized in that: adding rare earth alloy into molten steel at the end of LF refining, wherein the rare earth alloy is produced by smelting high-purity rare earth and pure iron through an intermediate frequency vacuum induction furnace; the rare earth content in the rare earth alloy is more than or equal to 10 percent, the rare earth elements in the rare earth alloy comprise yttrium Y more than or equal to 10 percent, lanthanum La more than or equal to 5 percent and cerium Ce more than or equal to 0 percent, and the sum of the masses of lanthanum and cerium rare earth in the alloy does not exceed the mass of yttrium; after the rare earth alloy is added, the heating operation is not allowed to be carried out, but a soft blowing process is needed, and the soft blowing time is more than or equal to 18 minutes.
Furthermore, the rare earth alloy is packaged by adopting an iron barrel or an iron sheet, and the thickness of the iron barrel or the iron sheet is more than or equal to 3mm.
Further, the addition amount of the rare earth alloy is 0.1 kg/t-2 kg/t.
Further, the formulation principle of the rare earth alloy addition scheme is as follows: the larger the addition of the rare earth alloy is, the lower the proportion of La and Ce in the rare earth alloy is.
Further, the components of the refining slag before adding the rare earth alloy are as follows: caO:45% -55%, siO 2 ：20%-30%，Al 2 O 3 Less than or equal to 8 percent, less than or equal to 10 percent of MgO, and the balance being impurities.
Further, the components of the refining slag after the rare earth alloy is added accord with: caO:42% -52%, siO2:18% -30%, al 2 O 3 Less than or equal to 7 percent, less than or equal to 10 percent of MgO, RExOySz:0.2% -15% and the balance of impurities.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the rare earth-containing refining slag system and the control method for the aluminum-free deoxidized steel provided by the invention enable the aluminum-free deoxidized steel to adopt the alloy and slag with the common aluminum content for smelting and producing the aluminum-free deoxidized steel, the cost of the rare earth alloy is 50 yuan/t, the production cost can be reduced by 52.3 yuan/t by adopting the alloy and slag with the common aluminum content, the annual production of the aluminum-free deoxidized steel is more than 100 ten thousand tons, and the cost reduction can be realized by not less than 230 ten thousand yuan/year.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following description of the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the morphology and composition of oxides in aluminum-free deoxidized steel produced by a conventional process;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the morphology and distribution of sulfides in aluminum-free deoxidized steel produced by conventional processes;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the morphology and composition of oxides in aluminum-free deoxidized steel produced by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the morphology and distribution of sulfides in aluminum-free deoxidized steel produced by the method of the present invention.
Description of the embodiments
A smelting production method for adding rare earth into aluminum-free deoxidized steel refined slag comprises the following technical processes: KR molten iron pretreatment-converter-LF external refining-rare earth addition-VD/RH vacuum refining-continuous casting.
The molten iron used in the production of the aluminum-free deoxidized steel by adopting the method of the invention needs KR pretreatment desulfurization, the sulfur content [ S ] in the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the sulfur content [ S ] in the scrap steel matched with the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.015 percent.
The method is adopted to produce the aluminum-free deoxidized steel, the top-bottom combined blown converter smelting is needed, the converter endpoint [ O ] is less than or equal to 600ppm, and the tapping temperature is more than or equal to 1550 ℃; the molten steel is deoxidized by adopting low-aluminum or aluminum-free alloy in the tapping process, the addition amount of deoxidizing agent is less than or equal to 5kg/t, and synthetic slag or top slag lime is added in the tapping process for 3-7kg/t.
The method for producing the aluminum-free deoxidized steel by adopting the invention has the advantages that LF refining in-situ heating is performed to manufacture white slag, and slag charge adding comprises the following steps: 3-4kg/t of lime or synthetic slag, 0.5-1.5kg/t of fluorite, and the components of the slag before LF refining and rare earth addition are as follows: caO:45% -55%, siO 2 ：20%-30%，Al 2 O 3 Less than or equal to 10 percent, less than or equal to 10 percent of MgO, and the balance being impurities; the LF refining process must ensure sufficient heating time, molten steel is not allowed to be heated after rare earth is added, and the LF refining dislocation temperature is more than or equal to 1620 ℃; argon is blown and stirred in the whole refining process, and the flow rate of the argon is more than or equal to 300NL/min.
And adding rare earth alloy into molten steel at the end of LF refining, wherein the rare earth alloy is produced by smelting high-purity rare earth and pure iron in an intermediate frequency vacuum induction furnace. The rare earth content in the rare earth alloy is more than or equal to 10 percent, the rare earth elements in the rare earth alloy comprise yttrium (Y is more than or equal to 10 percent), lanthanum (La is more than or equal to 5 percent) and cerium (Ce is more than or equal to 0 percent), and the sum of the mass of the lanthanum and the cerium in the alloy does not exceed the mass of yttrium. The rare earth alloy is packaged by adopting an iron bucket or an iron sheet, and the thickness of the iron bucket or the iron sheet is more than or equal to 3mm. The addition amount of the rare earth alloy is 0.1 kg/t-2 kg/t, and the scheme of the addition amount of the rare earth alloy is formulated as follows: the larger the addition of the rare earth alloy is, the lower the proportion of La and Ce in the rare earth alloy is. The components of the refining slag after the rare earth alloy is added accord with: caO:42% -52%, siO2:18% -30%, al 2 O 3 Less than or equal to 7 percent, less than or equal to 10 percent of MgO, RExOySz:0.2% -15% and the balance of impurities. After the rare earth alloy is added, a soft blowing process is needed, and the soft blowing time is more than or equal to 18 minutes.
When the method is adopted to produce the aluminum-free deoxidized steel, if vacuum refining treatment is adopted, the deep vacuum treatment time is more than or equal to 12min, the deep vacuum degree is less than or equal to 50Pa, and the soft blowing time after breaking is more than or equal to 18min.
The method for producing the aluminum-free deoxidized steel has the advantages that the standing time of the steel before casting is more than or equal to 10min, and the continuous casting process must adopt comprehensive protection casting measures.
The specific operation flow of the original production process is as follows: the smelting production process flow is as follows: KR molten iron pretreatment-converter-LF external refining-VD/RH vacuum refining-continuous casting. The molten iron is required to be desulfurized through KR pretreatment, the sulfur content [ S ] in the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the sulfur content [ S ] in the scrap steel matched with the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.015 percent.
Smelting by a top-bottom combined blown converter, wherein the endpoint [ O ] of the converter is less than or equal to 600ppm, and the tapping temperature is more than or equal to 1550 ℃; the molten steel is deoxidized by adopting low-aluminum or aluminum-free alloy in the tapping process, the addition amount of deoxidizing agent is less than or equal to 5kg/t, and synthetic slag or top slag lime is added in the tapping process for 3-7kg/t.
The method for producing the aluminum-free deoxidized steel by adopting the invention has the advantages that LF refining in-situ heating is performed to manufacture white slag, and slag charge adding comprises the following steps: 3-4kg/t of lime or synthetic slag, 0.5-1.5kg/t of fluorite, and the components of the slag before LF refining and rare earth addition are as follows: caO:45% -55%, siO 2 ：20%-30%，Al 2 O 3 Less than or equal to 10 percent, less than or equal to 10 percent of MgO, and the balance being impurities.
If vacuum refining treatment is adopted, the deep vacuum treatment time is more than or equal to 10min, the deep vacuum degree is less than or equal to 80Pa, and the soft blowing time after breaking is more than or equal to 15min. The continuous casting process adopts protective casting measures.
The morphology and composition of oxides and sulfides in the aluminum-free deoxidized steel produced by the original production process are shown in the following figures 1 and 2.
The morphology and composition of the oxides in the aluminum-free deoxidized steel produced by the method provided by the invention are shown in the following figures 3 and 4. In the aluminum-free deoxidized steel produced by the method provided by the invention, sulfide is not found.
After the invention is adopted, the deoxidizing effect of the rare earth alloy is obvious, and the conditions of the total oxygen content and the aluminum content of the refining slag components and the steel billet before and after the invention is adopted are shown in the table 1 and the table 2 respectively, and the data in the table can show that the refining slag components are obviously changed, and the aluminum content and the total oxygen content in the steel have obvious trend towards good development.
TABLE 1 raw Process refinery slag Components and refinery slag Components of the invention and final Total oxygen content
| Index (I) | CaO/% | SiO 2 /% | Al 2 O 3 /% | MgO/% | RE x O y S z /% |
| Raw refining slag | 45-55 | 20-30 | ≤8 | ≤10 | - |
| The refining slag | 42-52 | 18-30 | ≤7 | ≤8 | 0.2-15 |
TABLE 2 Main ingredient index in steel after refining slag and refining slag of the invention
| Index (I) | Als/% | Alb/% | Alt/% | Total oxygen/ppm |
| Raw refining slag | 0.004-0.007 | 0.004-0.006 | 0.009-0.013 | 6-15 |
| The refining slag | 0.003-0.004 | 0.003-0.004 | 0.007-0.008 | 4-10 |
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A smelting production method for adding rare earth into aluminum-free deoxidized steel refined slag adopts the technological processes of KR molten iron pretreatment, BOF blowing, LF refining, rare earth adding, VD/RH vacuum refining and continuous casting, and is characterized in that: adding rare earth alloy into molten steel at the end of LF refining, wherein the rare earth alloy is produced by smelting high-purity rare earth and pure iron through an intermediate frequency vacuum induction furnace; the rare earth content in the rare earth alloy is more than or equal to 10 percent, the rare earth elements in the rare earth alloy comprise yttrium Y more than or equal to 10 percent, lanthanum La more than or equal to 5 percent and cerium Ce more than or equal to 0 percent, and the sum of the masses of lanthanum and cerium rare earth in the alloy does not exceed the mass of yttrium; after the rare earth alloy is added, the heating operation is not allowed to be carried out, but a soft blowing process is needed, and the soft blowing time is more than or equal to 18min;
the rare earth alloy is packaged by adopting an iron barrel or an iron sheet, and the thickness of the iron barrel or the iron sheet is more than or equal to 3mm;
the addition amount of the rare earth alloy is 0.1 kg/t-2 kg/t;
the formulation principle of rare earth alloy addition scheme: the larger the addition amount of the rare earth alloy is, the lower the proportion of La and Ce in the rare earth alloy is;
the components of the refining slag before adding the rare earth alloy are as follows: caO:45% -55%, siO 2 ：20%-30%，Al 2 O 3 Less than or equal to 8 percent, less than or equal to 10 percent of MgO, and the balance being impurities;
the components of the refining slag after the rare earth alloy is added accord with: caO:42% -52%, siO 2 ：18%-30%，Al 2 O 3 ≤7%、MgO≤10%，RE x O y S z :0.2% -15% and the balance of impurities.
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| CN110484811B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-07-28 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Ultra-clean rare earth steel and inclusion modification control method |
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| CN110512051A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-29 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of RE alloyed method avoiding continuous casting sprue dross |
| CN111560493A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-08-21 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Control method for modified heavy rail steel composite inclusions |
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