CN112226578A - Rare earth addition control method for high-strength rare earth girder steel - Google Patents
Rare earth addition control method for high-strength rare earth girder steel Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling rare earth addition to high-strength rare earth girder steel, which improves the cleanliness of molten steel of the rare earth high-strength girder steel and the yield of rare earth in steel by optimizing a steelmaking process. In the early-stage rare earth steel research, because the rare earth addition mode, the time and other key control processes are not completely mastered, the yield of the rare earth is about 35 percent, meanwhile, the number of rare earth composite inclusions in the steel is large, and the continuous casting performance of a casting machine is poor. In order to improve the yield of the rare earth, the cleanliness of the molten steel is ensured before the rare earth is added, and the composition uniformity of the rare earth in the molten steel is ensured after the rare earth is added. Meanwhile, the casting is protected in the casting process of the casting machine, secondary oxidation of molten steel is prevented, and the yield of rare earth in steel can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel metallurgy steelmaking technology, in particular to a rare earth adding control method for high-strength rare earth girder steel.
Background
Early studies mainly added rare earth elements in the steelmaking furnace or during tapping of molten steel, and rare earth mainly acts as deoxidation and desulfurization, and the yield of rare earth is low. Then the rare earth is mainly added into the steel ladle or the tundish, the molten steel is deoxidized and desulfurized before the addition, and the rare earth performs inclusion modification treatment in the molten steel.
There are many methods for adding rare earth into steel, among which, the ladle adding method, the rare earth wire feeding method, and the vacuum VD adding method. Each method has the characteristics that each steel mill adds the rare earth alloy according to different equipment conditions to obtain the rare earth steel with the optimal performance. The steel ladle method and the vacuum VD adding method have poor stability of rare earth addition and low yield. The rare earth wire feeding method has complex operation and higher cost.
The high-strength automobile beam steel is characterized by high requirement on molten steel cleanliness and process control by using an ultra-pure steel smelting technology. The content of S in the finished product is controlled within 0.005 percent. The rare earth element partial oxide inclusion is added for spheroidizing, which is favorable for reducing sulfide inclusion and improving product quality.
The addition of a proper amount of rare earth into the high-strength beam steel can change the inclusions of sulfides and oxides in the steel into fine and dispersed spherical inclusions, and eliminate the hazards of inclusions such as MnS and the like. The fine rare earth inclusions eliminate the adverse effects of conventional inclusions on the steel. The invention firstly controls the lower oxygen and sulfur content in the molten steel by optimizing the steelmaking process and secondly improves the cleanliness of the molten steel. And finally, by a control method of adding rare earth into the RH furnace, the advantages of purification of molten steel, spheroidization of inclusion, fine-grained structure and the like of the rare earth are fully utilized, the research and development of rare earth steel are developed based on the application field of the current plate products, and the value-added application of the rare earth special product is provided for customers.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a rare earth adding control method for high-strength rare earth girder steel, which improves the cleanliness of molten steel of the rare earth high-strength girder steel and the yield of rare earth in the steel by optimizing a steelmaking process. In the early-stage rare earth steel research, because the rare earth addition mode, the time and other key control processes are not completely mastered, the yield of the rare earth is about 35 percent, meanwhile, the number of rare earth composite inclusions in the steel is large, and the continuous casting performance of a casting machine is poor. In order to improve the yield of the rare earth, the cleanliness of the molten steel is ensured before the rare earth is added, and the composition uniformity of the rare earth in the molten steel is ensured after the rare earth is added. Meanwhile, the casting is protected in the casting process of the casting machine, secondary oxidation of molten steel is prevented, and the yield of rare earth in steel can be obviously improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for controlling rare earth addition to high-strength rare earth girder steel comprises the following steps:
(1) the production process flow adopts molten iron desulphurization, a converter, an LF furnace, an RH furnace and a casting machine;
(2) pre-desulfurizing the molten iron through a KR desulfurization procedure, wherein the [ S ] content in the molten iron is within 0.002 percent after KR desulfurization treatment;
(3) in the converter smelting process, in order to prevent molten steel from being oxidized, the end point temperature of the converter is controlled to be higher than 1620 ℃, the end point carbon content of the converter is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.03 percent, the point blowing operation is avoided, the converter adopts slag stopping tapping, and slag in the converter is prevented from entering a steel ladle to pollute the molten steel;
(4) the LF refining process mainly comprises deoxidation alloying to ensure the cleanliness of molten steel, and an LF furnace is used for deoxidation and desulfurization, the sulfur content is required to be within 0.005 percent, calcium treatment is carried out after the deoxidation alloying is finished, soft blowing is carried out for more than 5min after the calcium treatment, the slag surface is required to have micro fluctuation during the soft blowing, the soft blowing effect is ensured, the molten steel is prevented from being exposed, impurities in the molten steel float to the slag, and the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved;
(5) the cleanliness of molten steel is further improved through vacuum treatment in the RH process, cerium-iron alloy is added into the molten steel in the later stage of the RH vacuum treatment, rare earth alloy directly enters the molten steel through an RH furnace vacuum feeding device, the molten steel circulates for 5min for repression after the rare earth alloy is added, and soft blowing is carried out for 5-15min after the vacuum treatment is finished, so that the soft blowing effect is ensured, the molten steel cannot be exposed, the rare earth is favorably and uniformly distributed in the molten steel, and simultaneously, impurities in the molten steel float up into slag, so that high-quality molten steel is provided for continuous casting;
(6) the rare earth high-strength beam steel produced in the continuous casting process is easy to flocculate, the superheat degree in the continuous casting process is controlled to be 20-30 ℃, protective pouring is adopted in the whole process, the castability of molten steel is improved, impurities in the steel can float upwards, and the cleanliness of products is guaranteed.
Furthermore, after the KR is treated by a deep desulfurization process, the sulfur content of the molten iron entering the furnace is 0.001 percent, and the requirement of the molten iron entering the furnace is met. The end point carbon content of the converter is controlled to be more than 0.03 percent, the end point oxygen content is lower, molten steel peroxidation is avoided, and oxidizing inclusions in the molten steel are reduced. The end temperature is controlled within the range of 1623-1638 ℃.
Further, the rare earth alloy is a rare earth alloy with the content of rare earth cerium being 30%.
Further, soft blowing is carried out for 5-15min, preferably 8min after the vacuum treatment is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention optimizes the process of each working procedure of steel making, controls the proper temperature component at the end point of the converter, improves the cleanliness of the molten steel by rapidly slagging, deoxidizing and desulfurizing the LF, and calcium treatment, degasses the LF in a RH furnace in vacuum treatment, is beneficial to floating and removing impurities, adds rare earth in the later stage of the vacuum treatment, directly enters the steel without slag, prevents the rare earth alloy from entering a slag layer to be oxidized and consumed, and improves the yield of the rare earth in the molten steel from 35 percent to about 60 percent. The addition of rare earth-containing alloy is reduced, and the cost of the rare earth alloy is reduced. The addition of the rare earth alloy is accurately controlled, and the precision of controlling the content of the rare earth elements in the steel is improved. Shortens the smelting period and ensures the production time sequence to be smooth.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention in detail, and are intended to be a general description of the invention, and not to limit the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: rare earth high-strength beam steel BT700L embodiment added with rare earth
A method for controlling rare earth addition to high-strength rare earth girder steel comprises the following steps:
after the KR is treated by adopting a deep desulfurization process, the sulfur content of the molten iron entering the furnace is 0.001 percent, and the requirement of the molten iron entering the furnace is met. The end point carbon content of the converter is controlled to be more than 0.03 percent, the end point oxygen content is lower, molten steel peroxidation is avoided, and oxidizing inclusions in the molten steel are reduced. The end temperature is controlled within the range of 1623-1638 ℃.
The refining aims at desulfurization and deoxidation, removing impurities in steel and ensuring the cleanliness of molten steel. The LF furnace can quickly produce white slag, ensure the alkalinity of molten steel, reduce the oxidability of slag and be beneficial to quick deoxidation and desulfurization. The basicity of the slag is high, the oxidizability of the slag is low, the fluidity of the slag is good, the slag is controlled in a liquid slag area in the refining process, and the oxidizability TFe + MnO of the slag is less than 1.4%, so that the deoxidation, the desulphurization and the removal of impurities are facilitated. The LF refining furnace adopts a rapid deoxidation slagging technology, reduces the oxygen content of molten steel, realizes ultra-low sulfur control, and ensures the sulfur content to be within 0.002 percent. And after the LF treatment is finished, calcium treatment is carried out, and the soft blowing time and effect of the molten steel are ensured after the calcium treatment is finished, so that the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved.
The content of gas H, O, N in the molten steel is reduced through RH furnace vacuum treatment, Al2O3 inclusion in the molten steel continuously floats to slag, and the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved. Rare earth alloy (cerium-iron alloy Ce content is 30%) is added in the later stage of RH furnace vacuum treatment, in order to ensure the uniformity of rare earth in steel, the rare earth alloy is added, vacuum circulation is carried out for 5min for repressing, and soft blowing is carried out for 10min after vacuum treatment, so that the soft blowing time and effect are ensured.
The superheat degree in the continuous casting process is controlled to be 25-30 ℃, the castability of the molten steel is improved, floating of impurities in the steel is facilitated, the cleanliness of products is guaranteed, and secondary oxidation of the molten steel is prevented due to the fact that protective pouring is adopted in the whole continuous casting process.
16kg of rare earth alloy with 30 percent of rare earth cerium is added, the content of rare earth Ce is stabilized at 0.0011 percent, and the yield of rare earth Ce element is stabilized at more than 60 percent. The specific detection cases are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 determination of rare earth content
Example two: rare earth addition embodiment of high-strength beam steel BT610L containing rare earth
A method for controlling rare earth addition to high-strength rare earth girder steel comprises the following steps:
after KR is treated by a deep desulfurization process, the sulfur content of the molten iron entering the furnace is within 0.002 percent, and the requirement of the molten iron entering the furnace is met. The end point carbon content of the converter is controlled to be more than 0.03 percent, the end point oxygen content is lower, molten steel peroxidation is avoided, and oxidizing inclusions in the molten steel are reduced. The end point temperature is controlled within 1631-1649 ℃.
The refining aims at desulfurization and deoxidation, removing impurities in steel and ensuring the cleanliness of molten steel. The LF furnace can quickly produce white slag, ensure the alkalinity of molten steel, reduce the oxidability of slag and be beneficial to quick deoxidation and desulfurization. For structural steel with low silicon content, SiO2 in the slag is guaranteed to be within 10%, the basicity of the slag is high, the oxidizability of the slag is low, the fluidity of the slag is good, the slag is controlled in a liquid slag area in the refining process, and the oxidizability TFe + MnO of the slag is less than 1.3%, so that deoxidation, desulfurization and inclusion removal are facilitated. The LF refining furnace adopts a rapid deoxidation slagging technology, reduces the oxygen content of molten steel, realizes ultra-low sulfur control, and has the sulfur content within 0.003 percent. And after the LF treatment is finished, calcium treatment is carried out, and the soft blowing time and effect of the molten steel are ensured after the calcium treatment is finished, so that the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved.
The content of gas H, O, N in the molten steel is reduced through RH furnace vacuum treatment, Al2O3 inclusion in the molten steel continuously floats to slag, and the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved. Rare earth alloy (cerium-iron alloy Ce content is 30%) is added in the later stage of RH furnace vacuum treatment, and in order to ensure the uniformity of rare earth in steel, the rare earth alloy is added for 5min to carry out re-pressing. Soft blowing is carried out for 8min after vacuum treatment, and the soft blowing time and effect are ensured.
The superheat degree in the continuous casting process is controlled to be 21-29 ℃, the castability of the molten steel is improved, floating of impurities in the steel is facilitated, the cleanliness of products is guaranteed, and secondary oxidation of the molten steel is prevented due to the fact that protective pouring is adopted in the whole continuous casting process.
15kg of rare earth alloy with 30 percent of rare earth cerium is added, the content of the rare earth Ce is 0.0010-0.0013 percent, wherein the yield of rare earth Ce element with the smelting number of 20101382 heat is 59.17 percent, and the content of other heat rare earth Ce elements is more than 60 percent. The specific detection conditions are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 determination of rare earth content
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for controlling rare earth addition to high-strength rare earth girder steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the production process flow adopts molten iron desulphurization, a converter, an LF furnace, an RH furnace and a casting machine;
(2) pre-desulfurizing the molten iron through a KR desulfurization procedure, wherein the [ S ] content in the molten iron is within 0.002 percent after KR desulfurization treatment;
(3) in the converter smelting process, in order to prevent molten steel from being oxidized, the end point temperature of the converter is controlled to be higher than 1620 ℃, the end point carbon content of the converter is controlled to be more than or equal to 0.03 percent, the point blowing operation is avoided, the converter adopts slag stopping tapping, and slag in the converter is prevented from entering a steel ladle to pollute the molten steel;
(4) the LF refining process mainly comprises deoxidation alloying to ensure the cleanliness of molten steel, and an LF furnace is used for deoxidation and desulfurization, the sulfur content is required to be within 0.005 percent, calcium treatment is carried out after the deoxidation alloying is finished, the soft blowing time after the calcium treatment is more than 5min, and the slag surface is required to have only micro fluctuation during the soft blowing, so that the soft blowing effect is ensured, the molten steel is prevented from being exposed, impurities in the molten steel float to the slag, and the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved;
(5) the cleanliness of the molten steel is further improved through RH process vacuum treatment, rare earth alloy is directly added into the molten steel through an RH furnace vacuum feeding device at the later stage of RH vacuum treatment, the molten steel is subjected to vacuum circulation for 5min for repression after the rare earth alloy is added, and soft blowing is carried out for 5-15min after the vacuum treatment is finished, so that the soft blowing effect is ensured, the molten steel cannot be exposed, secondary oxidation of the molten steel is prevented, the uniform distribution of the rare earth alloy in the molten steel is facilitated, and meanwhile, impurities in the molten steel float up into furnace slag, and high-quality molten steel is provided for continuous casting;
(6) the rare earth high-strength beam steel produced in the continuous casting process is easy to flocculate, the superheat degree in the continuous casting process is controlled to be 20-30 ℃, protective pouring is adopted in the whole process, the castability of molten steel is improved, impurities in the steel can float upwards, and the cleanliness of products is guaranteed.
2. The method for controlling the addition of rare earth into the high-strength rare earth girder steel according to claim 1, wherein after the KR is treated by the deep desulfurization process, the sulfur content of the molten iron fed into the furnace is 0.001%, which meets the requirement of the molten iron fed into the furnace. The end point carbon content of the converter is controlled to be more than 0.03 percent, the end point oxygen content is lower, molten steel peroxidation is avoided, and oxidizing inclusions in the molten steel are reduced. The end temperature is controlled within the range of 1623-1638 ℃.
3. The rare earth addition control method for high-strength rare earth girder steel according to claim 1, wherein the rare earth alloy is a rare earth alloy containing 30% of cerium.
4. The rare earth addition control method for the high-strength rare earth girder steel according to claim 1, characterized in that soft blowing is performed for 5-15min after the vacuum treatment is finished.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113337771A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-03 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for stabilizing rare earth yield under LD-LF-CC process |
| CN113416813A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-09-21 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for controlling addition of rare earth alloy of rare earth structural steel |
| CN113828749A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-12-24 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for realizing continuous casting castability of rare earth steel by adjusting superheat degree |
| CN114672611A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-28 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Method for improving rare earth yield in rare earth steel smelting process |
| CN114703338A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-07-05 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Refining slag for smelting rare earth steel and rare earth loss control method thereof |
| CN114716256A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-07-08 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Refractory material for smelting rare earth steel and method for improving rare earth yield |
| CN114807505A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-29 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for adding rare earth element into wheel steel |
| CN115976399A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-04-18 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Special composite rare earth additive for bainite steel inclusion denaturation and use method thereof |
| CN117867366A (en) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-04-12 | 内蒙古矽能电磁科技有限公司 | Control method for adding rare earth into rare earth low-temperature Hi-B steel and improving yield |
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| CN113828749A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-12-24 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for realizing continuous casting castability of rare earth steel by adjusting superheat degree |
| CN114672611B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-08-25 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Method for improving rare earth yield in rare earth steel smelting process |
| CN114703338A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-07-05 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Refining slag for smelting rare earth steel and rare earth loss control method thereof |
| CN114716256A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-07-08 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Refractory material for smelting rare earth steel and method for improving rare earth yield |
| CN114672611A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-06-28 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Method for improving rare earth yield in rare earth steel smelting process |
| CN114703338B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-08-25 | 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 | Refining slag for smelting rare earth steel and rare earth loss control method thereof |
| CN114807505A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-29 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for adding rare earth element into wheel steel |
| CN114807505B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-08-18 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for adding rare earth elements into wheel steel |
| CN115976399A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-04-18 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Special composite rare earth additive for bainite steel inclusion denaturation and use method thereof |
| CN117867366A (en) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-04-12 | 内蒙古矽能电磁科技有限公司 | Control method for adding rare earth into rare earth low-temperature Hi-B steel and improving yield |
| CN117867366B (en) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-05-14 | 内蒙古矽能电磁科技有限公司 | Control method for adding rare earth into rare earth low-temperature Hi-B steel and improving yield |
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