CN115746641A - Water-based sound insulation coating and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a water-based sound insulation coating and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the water-based sound insulation coating comprises a first component and a second component, the first component comprises a high-molecular elastic emulsion, the second component comprises cement, a filler and a sound insulation material, and the mass ratio of the cement to the filler to the sound insulation material is 1:0.1 to 10: 0.6-10, the sound insulation material is composed of elastic damping rubber, mica powder and asbestos-free mineral fiber according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.05-0.5, and the water-based sound insulation coating also comprises nano sodium silicate. On one hand, the inorganic cross-linked network material formed by the reaction of cement, nano sodium silicate and high-molecular elastic emulsion is matched with the filler to ensure that the obtained sound-insulating coating has higher surface density, and on the other hand, the sound-insulating coating with the functions of shock absorption, sound insulation and sound absorption can be obtained by combining the use of the sound-insulating material consisting of elastic damping rubber, mica powder and asbestos-free mineral fibers, so that the sound-insulating coating has better sound-insulating effect.

Description

Water-based sound insulation coating and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building coatings, and particularly relates to a water-based sound insulation coating as well as a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The rapid development of cities makes the building environment complicated, more and more residences and workplaces pay attention to environmental ecology, hard landscape greening is mostly taken as the main content of environmental construction, and less attention is paid to the construction of physical environments such as sound, light, heat and the like, wherein sound pollution in the complicated environment becomes the fourth main environmental problem of water pollution, air pollution and solid waste pollution, and the harmfulness is increasingly prominent. With the improvement of the living standard of people and the development of science and technology, the sound environment problem is more and more emphasized by building designers, how to effectively manage the building sound and strengthen the anti-noise and noise reduction capability of the building become important problems faced by central residential areas and infrastructures.

In order to standardize the acoustic design of buildings, the national standards for allowable noise of motor vehicles, the standards for noise health of industrial enterprises, the standards for environmental noise of urban areas, the standards for sound insulation of residences, the standards for sound insulation design of civil buildings, the standards for evaluation of green buildings and the like are established in China in sequence, and the management of the environmental sound of the buildings is gradually transited from a guiding type to a forced type.

At present, the approaches for controlling noise are mainly divided into controlling the vibration source and the sound source, and isolating vibration and noise transmission. The control of the vibration source intervenes from a noise source, which has a radical effect, but most of the related researches focus on sound propagation control because most of the noise sources exist objectively. According to different control principles, common methods for controlling noise transmission are divided into sound absorption and sound insulation, wherein the sound absorption and sound insulation mainly adopt damping materials with porous structures to reduce sound wave reflection, and the sound insulation adopts heavy materials or materials with large surface density to block sound wave transmission. Therefore, the traditional sound insulation material is heavy, poor in processing performance and high in production cost, and the application range of the traditional sound insulation material is greatly limited. With the increasing requirements of people on living environment and quality, the demand for lightweight and easily-formed sound insulation materials is more and more intense, and sound insulation coatings are widely regarded by researchers due to simple production and manufacturing processes, good application property and flexible designability. However, most of the existing sound insulation coatings are applied to sound insulation based on the sound absorption principle, sound waves are dissipated inside the coating layer mainly based on the damping principle, so that the noise reduction function is achieved, but due to technical limitation and material limitation, the function of blocking sound wave propagation cannot be achieved, and the performance of the coating is limited.

There are also patents which attempt to add sound-insulating materials to polymer cement waterproofing coatings to increase their sound-insulating effect. For example, chinese patent CN110482944A discloses a water-based waterproof coating with heat and sound insulation functions, which consists of liquid materials and powder materials according to the weight ratio of 1; the liquid material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 to 30 portions of styrene-acrylic emulsion I, 25 to 30 portions of styrene-acrylic emulsion II, 0.1 to 0.2 portion of preservative, 0.2 to 0.3 portion of dispersant, 0.1 to 0.2 portion of defoamer and 40 to 50 portions of deionized water; the powder material consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-55 parts of cement, 35-45 parts of quartz sand, 1-5 parts of quartz powder, 10-15 parts of modified heat insulation material, 5-10 parts of modified sound insulation material, 0.02-0.05 part of cellulose ether and 0.4-0.5 part of water reducing agent, wherein the powder is crushed into superfine powder and then fully mixed with the liquid material, so that the liquid material and the powder are fully crosslinked, and the heat insulation and sound insulation modified polymer can be well dispersed among other particles to fully permeate and crosslink, so that the waterproof performance of the prepared coating is further improved, and the prepared coating has the functions of sound insulation and heat insulation. However, the waterproof coating is mainly prepared by compounding two styrene-acrylic emulsions to improve the waterproof performance, the sound insulation material is prepared by mixing hollow glass beads, nitrile rubber powder and activated carbon, the sound wave vibration dissipation is increased by mainly using a hollow structure and damping rubber to achieve the sound attenuation effect, and the sound insulation material belongs to a sound absorption material in essence and the actual sound insulation effect is not tested.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor sound insulation effect and environmental friendliness of the existing inorganic sound insulation coating, and provides an improved water-based sound insulation coating and a preparation method thereof, so that the water-based sound insulation coating has double sound wave insulation and dissipation effects of sound insulation and sound absorption.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a floor slab with better sound insulation effect and stable structural performance.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a water-based sound insulation coating comprises a first component and a second component, wherein the first component comprises a high-molecular elastic emulsion, the second component comprises cement, a filler and a sound insulation material, and the mass ratio of the cement to the filler to the sound insulation material is 1:0.1 to 10: 0.6-10, wherein the sound insulation material is composed of elastic damping rubber, mica powder and asbestos-free mineral fiber according to a mass ratio of 1.05-0.5.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the elastic damping rubber is one or a combination of styrene-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber and polyurethane rubber.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the elastic damping rubber comprises 1 to 10% by mass of glass fibers. Preferably, the elastic damping rubber contains 5-10% of glass fiber by mass fraction.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the nano sodium silicate has a particle size of 800nm or less. Preferably, the particle size of the nano sodium silicate is 100-800 nm.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the mica powder is a combination of one or more of sericite and muscovite.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the particle size of the mica powder is 150 to 400 mesh.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the asbestos-free mineral fibers are basalt fibers; and/or the asbestos-free mineral fibers have an average length of 1 to 4mm.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the cement, the filler and the sound-insulating material is 1:0.5 to 4:1 to 6.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the elastic damping rubber, the mica powder and the asbestos-free mineral fibers are in a mass ratio of 1.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the nano sodium silicate is a raw material of the second component, or the nano sodium silicate is a raw material of the third component of the aqueous soundproof coating, when the nano sodium silicate is a raw material of the second component, the mass ratio of the cement to the nano sodium silicate is 1.01 to 0.3; when the nano sodium silicate is used as a raw material of the third component, the third component is a nano sodium silicate aqueous solution formed by dissolving sodium silicate in water, and the mass ratio of the cement to the sodium silicate is 1.

Preferably, when the nano sodium silicate is used as a raw material of the second component, the mass ratio of the cement to the nano sodium silicate is 1; when the nano sodium silicate is used as a raw material of the third component, the mass ratio of the cement to the sodium silicate is 1. More preferably, when the nano sodium silicate is used as a raw material of the second component, the mass ratio of the cement to the nano sodium silicate is 1; when the nano sodium silicate is used as a raw material of the third component, the mass ratio of the cement to the sodium silicate is 1.04-0.15.

In some embodiments, the aqueous acoustic barrier coating includes the first component, the second component, and a third component, the third component being an aqueous nano-sodium silicate solution formed by dissolving sodium silicate in water.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic polymer emulsion is one or a combination of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion and acrylic emulsion. Furthermore, the solid content of the high-molecular elastic emulsion is more than or equal to 50 percent.

In some embodiments, the polymeric elastic emulsion isThe glass transition temperature is-40-10 deg.C, such as Seranian 1356 (solid content is 55%, glass transition temperature is-10 deg.C), and Wake

551ED (solid content of 50 percent and glass transition temperature of-5 ℃), bardfish RS-300A (solid content of 54 percent and glass transition temperature of-8 ℃), baolijia BLJ-5569 (solid content of 55 percent and glass transition temperature of-16 ℃), and Seranian CP149 (solid content of 55 percent and glass transition temperature of 9 ℃).

Preferably, the lowest film-forming temperature of the high-molecular elastic emulsion is below 0 ℃.

The high-molecular elastic emulsion has low film-forming temperature, is easy to construct, can adapt to winter weather, has low glass transition temperature, and can increase the elasticity and the strain capacity of a coating.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the cement is a Portland cement, such as 42.5R.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the filler comprises at least heavy calcium carbonate, and the weight of the heavy calcium carbonate is 40 to 100% of the weight of the filler. Furthermore, the particle size of the heavy calcium carbonate is 300-600 meshes.

Further, the filler can also optionally comprise one or a combination of more of talcum powder and quartz powder. Furthermore, the particle size of the talcum powder is 300-600 meshes, and the particle size of the quartz powder is 200-400 meshes.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the first component to the second component is 1.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the raw material of the first component further comprises one or a combination of several of a dispersant, a defoamer, a film forming aid and a preservative; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the solid content of the high-molecular elastic emulsion is more than or equal to 50%, and the first component comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

the second component comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

the second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the aqueous soundproof paint comprises the following steps of:

(1) Preparing a first component: mixing all raw materials of the first component to obtain the first component;

(2) Preparing a second component: mixing all raw materials of a second component to obtain the second component;

or the preparation method further comprises the step of preparing a third component, wherein the preparation of the third component comprises the step of dissolving sodium silicate in water to obtain an aqueous solution of nano sodium silicate, namely the third component.

The third technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a floor slab comprises a sound insulation layer, wherein the sound insulation layer is a sound insulation coating formed by the water-based sound insulation coating.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the floor slab comprises a structural floor slab, the sound-insulating coating, a dry-hard mortar layer and ceramic tiles arranged in sequence. The structural floor slab is a reinforced concrete floor slab.

Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

according to the invention, the high-molecular elastic emulsion is used as a main material of a first component, the cement, the filler and the specific sound insulation material are used as a main material of a second component to be matched with the nano sodium silicate, and the prepared sound insulation coating can form a flexible sound insulation coating with high surface density.

Detailed Description

Aiming at the problem that the sound insulation effect of a coating formed by the existing polymer cement-based coating is poor, the invention takes the macromolecular elastic emulsion as the main material of a first component, takes cement, filler and a specific sound insulation material as the main material of a second component to be matched with nano sodium silicate to prepare the water-based sound insulation coating, and on one hand, the cement, the nano sodium silicate and the macromolecular elastic emulsion are reacted to form an inorganic-organic interpenetrating crosslinked three-network material, so that the compactness of the coating is improved, meanwhile, the higher coating layer surface density is obtained through filling the filler, and the sound insulation effect is improved; on the other hand, a high-damping structure with certain elasticity is formed by combining the sound insulation material consisting of elastic damping rubber, mica powder and asbestos-free mineral fibers, wherein the flaky mica is dispersed in the inorganic cross-linked network material to prolong the sound wave conduction path and forms a damping interface with the interpenetrating network structure, the elastic damping rubber is in granular lap joint between mica sheet layer structures to increase the resilience of an inorganic matrix, the asbestos-free mineral fibers are in columnar dispersion in the inorganic cross-linked network material and form a supporting structure together with the flaky mica, and the damping interface is increased and the mechanical strength of the coating is improved. The structure has a multiple damping interface formed by an organic-inorganic interpenetrating network, provides a high sound wave internal dissipation effect on the basis of a sound insulation effect, enables the sound insulation coating to have elasticity, has the three functions of shock absorption, sound insulation and sound absorption, and provides good structural performance stability.

Furthermore, the invention selects elastic damping rubber containing a certain amount of glass fiber, the glass fiber is dispersed in the rubber, and rubber particles form dispersed damping structural units in the coating, so that the damping effect is further increased, and the coating has excellent rebound resilience and shape retention capability.

The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific examples so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.

Some of the raw material sources in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows:

high-molecular elastic emulsion: CP149 from Seranitis, badbit RS-300A acrylic emulsion;

dispersing agent: DISPERBYK-190 of peck chemical;

defoaming agent: BYK-022 of bike chemistry;

film-forming auxiliary agent: HY-1800 in Iseman;

preservative: LD02 of blue shield biotechnology limited of nanjing sky poetry;

cement: 42.5R from Emei mountain Cement, inc.;

heavy calcium: zhejiang shou Fengcai Co., ltd, particle size 400 mesh;

talc powder: GY900, 325-600 mesh, guangyuan ultra-micro powder Co., ltd, jiangyin;

quartz powder: rich mineral products, inc., 300 mesh;

powdery sodium silicate: tangshan 28390, inorganic silicide limited, instant powdered sodium silicate;

elastic damping rubber: neoprene powder, available from Nippon, changzhou, high molecular materials, contains about 5% glass fiber, 60 mesh; styrene-butadiene rubber, honda county Hongyui industrial rubber, contains about 5% glass fiber.

Mica powder: HY-M1 of Shenzhen Shanghai powder science and technology Limited company, and the particle size is 20 to 45 mu M;

asbestos-free mineral fibers: lingshou Yanghua mineral processing plant, basalt fiber, has an average length of about 4mm and an average diameter of about 2 μm.

Example 1

The raw materials of the water-based sound-proofing coating provided in this example are shown in table 1, and are prepared by the following method:

(1) Preparation of Sound insulating Material

Adding elastic damping rubber, mica powder and asbestos-free mineral fibers into a high-speed dry powder mixer, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a sound insulation material, wherein the mass ratio of the elastic damping rubber to the mica powder to the asbestos-free mineral fibers is 1.1;

(2) Preparation of the first component

Adding the high-molecular elastic emulsion (CP 149) and water into a mixing kettle, stirring at 60 ℃ for 25min, adding the dispersing agent, the defoaming agent, the film-forming assistant and the preservative, and continuously dispersing and stirring for 20min to obtain a first component;

(3) Preparation of the second component

Adding the cement, the coarse whiting, the talcum powder, the quartz powder and the sound insulation material into a high-speed dry powder mixer, and stirring and mixing uniformly at room temperature to obtain a second component;

(3) Preparation of the third component

Dissolving powdery sodium silicate in water to form a nano sodium silicate aqueous solution with the concentration of 5 percent to obtain a third component;

(4) Preparation of aqueous sound-insulating coating

And uniformly mixing and stirring the first component, the second component and the third component according to the mass ratio of the first component to the second component of 1.

Example 2

The difference between the water-based sound insulation coating provided by the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that: the polymer elastic emulsion is Badful RS-300A acrylic emulsion. The rest is the same as example 1.

Example 3

The raw material formulation of the aqueous soundproof paint provided in this example is shown in table 1, and the others are the same as those in example 1.

Example 4

The raw material formulation of the aqueous sound-insulating coating provided in this example is shown in table 1, and in this example, the mass ratio of cement to sodium silicate is 1.

Example 5

The raw material formulation of the water-based sound insulation coating provided by the embodiment is shown in table 1, and in the embodiment, the mass ratio of cement to sodium silicate is 1.

Example 6

The formula of the raw materials of the water-based sound insulation coating provided by the embodiment is shown in table 1, and the rest of the water-based sound insulation coating is the same as that of the embodiment 1, wherein the elastic damping rubber is styrene butadiene rubber and contains 5% of glass fiber.

Comparative example 1

The comparative example provides an aqueous soundproof coating different from example 1 in that: the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that the third component was not contained.

Comparative example 2

The aqueous soundproof coating provided by the comparative example is different from that of example 1 in that: the sound insulation material was the same as example 1 except that no mica powder was added.

Comparative example 3

The comparative example provides an aqueous soundproof coating different from example 1 in that: the sound insulating material was the same as example 1 except that no asbestos-free mineral fibers were added.

Comparative example 4

The comparative example provides an aqueous soundproof coating different from example 1 in that: the elastic damping rubber is elastic damping rubber without glass fiber, specifically chloroprene rubber powder, and the like, and the method is the same as the embodiment 1.

Comparative example 5

The aqueous soundproof coating provided by the comparative example is different from that of example 1 in that: the amount of the soundproof material used was 5 parts, and the others were the same as in example 1.

Table 1 shows the raw material formulations (in parts by weight) of the two-component water-based soundproof coating of examples 1-6

The two-component aqueous soundproof coatings of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were subjected to the performance test, and the results are shown in tables 2 and 3. Wherein the dry density is tested with reference to GB 14907-2018; the surface dry time and the actual dry time are tested according to GB/T1728-2020; bond strength was tested with reference to JG/T24-2018; flexibility is tested with reference to GB/T1731-2020; the compressive strength is tested according to GB/T14907-2018; the water resistance and the alkali resistance are tested by referring to GB/T1733-1993; the temperature deformation resistance of the coating is tested by referring to JG/T25-2017; the loss factor is tested according to GB/T16406-1996; the weighted standardized impact sound pressure level is tested according to GB/T19889.7-2005, and a reinforced concrete structure floor slab, 3mm of coating, 40mm of dry hard mortar and 10mm of ceramic tile are used as test samples.

Table 2 shows the results of the performance tests of the two-component aqueous soundproof coatings of examples 1 to 6

The sample that the standardized impact sound pressure level of the weight in table 1 adopted is reinforced concrete structure floor +3mm coating +40mm dry and hard mortar +10mm ceramic tile as test sample, more is close to the actual use scene of coating.

Table 3 shows the results of the performance test of the aqueous soundproof coatings of comparative examples 1 to 5

In the representative embodiment of the invention, under the formula of the application, the sound insulation material is formed by matching various sound absorption functional components, the high elasticity of the coating is utilized to achieve the damping and buffering effect, the dissipation of sound waves in the coating is enhanced, meanwhile, the heavy filler enables the coating to have higher surface density, the barrier effect of the sound waves on the coating interface is improved, and the sound insulation and absorption effect of the national green building evaluation standard can be achieved by 3mm thin coating. And the water-based sound insulation coating adopts a full water-based system, and has the advantages of light weight, smell removal, no volatilization of organic solvents and the like compared with the traditional sound insulation coating.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

Claims (14)

1. An aqueous sound-proofing coating comprising a first component and a second component, the first component comprising a polymeric elastic emulsion and the second component comprising cement, a filler and a sound-proofing material, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the cement to the filler to the sound insulation material is 1:0.1 to 10: 0.6-10, wherein the sound insulation material comprises elastic damping rubber, mica powder and asbestos-free mineral fibers according to a mass ratio of 1: 0.05-0.5.

2. The aqueous soundproof coating according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic damping rubber is one or a combination of more of styrene butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber and polyurethane rubber; and/or the elastic damping rubber contains 1-10% of glass fiber by mass fraction.

3. The aqueous soundproof coating material according to claim 2, wherein: the elastic damping rubber contains 5-10% of glass fiber by mass.

4. The aqueous soundproof coating according to claim 1, wherein: the grain diameter of the nano sodium silicate is less than or equal to 800nm; and/or the mica powder is one or a combination of sericite and muscovite; and/or the particle size of the mica powder is 150-400 meshes; and/or, the asbestos-free mineral fibers are basalt fibers; and/or the asbestos-free mineral fibers have an average length of 1 to 4mm.

5. The aqueous soundproof coating material according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the cement to the filler to the sound insulation material is 1:0.5 to 4:1 to 6; and/or the elastic damping rubber, the mica powder and the asbestos-free mineral fiber are in a mass ratio of 1.

6. The aqueous soundproof coating according to claim 1, wherein: the nano sodium silicate is a raw material of the second component, or the nano sodium silicate is a raw material of a third component of the water-based sound insulation coating, and when the nano sodium silicate is a raw material of the second component, the mass ratio of the cement to the nano sodium silicate is 1; when the nano sodium silicate is used as a raw material of the third component, the third component is a nano sodium silicate aqueous solution formed by dissolving sodium silicate in water, and the mass ratio of the cement to the sodium silicate is 1.

7. The aqueous soundproof coating according to claim 6, wherein: when the nano sodium silicate is used as a raw material of the second component, the mass ratio of the cement to the nano sodium silicate is 1.02-0.2; when the nano sodium silicate is used as a raw material of the third component, the mass ratio of the cement to the sodium silicate is 1.

8. The aqueous soundproof coating material according to claim 1, wherein: the high-molecular elastic emulsion is one or a combination of more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion and acrylic emulsion; and/or the solid content of the high-molecular elastic emulsion is more than or equal to 50 percent.

9. The aqueous soundproof coating material according to claim 1, wherein: the filler at least comprises heavy calcium carbonate, and the weight of the heavy calcium carbonate accounts for 40-100% of the weight of the filler.

10. The aqueous acoustic barrier coating of claim 9, wherein: the filler can also optionally comprise one or a combination of more of talcum powder and quartz powder.

11. The aqueous soundproof coating according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: the mass ratio of the first component to the second component is 1.5-1.5.

12. The aqueous soundproof coating according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: the raw materials of the first component also comprise one or a combination of a plurality of dispersing agents, defoaming agents, film-forming additives and preservatives; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,

the solid content of the macromolecular elastic emulsion is more than or equal to 50%, and the raw materials of the first component comprise, by weight:

the second component comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

13. a method for producing the aqueous soundproof coating material according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by: the nano sodium silicate is a raw material of the second component, or the nano sodium silicate is a raw material of a third component of the water-based sound insulation coating, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) Preparing a first component: mixing all raw materials of the first component to obtain the first component;

(2) Preparing a second component: mixing all raw materials of a second component to obtain the second component;

or the preparation method further comprises the step of preparing a third component, wherein the preparation of the third component comprises the step of dissolving sodium silicate in water to obtain an aqueous solution of nano sodium silicate, namely the third component.

14. A floor panel comprising a soundproof layer, wherein the soundproof layer is a soundproof coating layer formed of the aqueous soundproof coating material according to any one of claims 1 to 12 or the aqueous soundproof coating material produced by the production method according to claim 13.