CN115745160A - Container type sewage deep denitrification equipment and method based on hydrogen matrix membrane biomembrane - Google Patents
Container type sewage deep denitrification equipment and method based on hydrogen matrix membrane biomembrane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses container type sewage deep denitrification equipment and method based on a hydrogen matrix membrane biological membrane, and belongs to the field of sewage treatment equipment. The device comprises a biological reaction main body, a water inlet system, a water drainage system, an internal circulation system, a pH control system and a gas supply system. The biological reaction main body comprises a plurality of independent hydrogen substrate membrane biological membrane modules which are arranged in a sewage tank body and are composed of membrane frames and a plurality of curtain type hollow fiber membrane modules which are arranged on the corresponding membrane frames in parallel; the gas supply system can utilize hydrogen to supply gas to the hollow fiber membrane, utilize nitrogen to carry out hydraulic disturbance to the hollow fiber membrane, and utilize carbon dioxide to carry out pH adjustment to sewage under the control of pH control system. The device can realize the requirements of deep denitrification of sewage with different treatment loads and treatment scales through a simple series/parallel mode, has high technical integration level and small occupied area, does not need to add an organic carbon source, and has low sludge yield and extremely low operation energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water treatment equipment, and particularly relates to container type sewage deep denitrification equipment based on a hydrogen autotrophic denitrification technology and a method thereof.
Background
In order to reach the emission standard, after secondary biochemical treatment, a tertiary advanced treatment process is added in each sewage treatment plant so as to reach the total nitrogen standard. The three-stage treatment mainly comprises a denitrification deep bed filter, not only occupies large area, but also needs to add a large amount of external carbon sources such as sodium acetate and the like, greatly increases the occupied area and operation cost of sewage treatment, and increases the risk of excessive organic matters in effluent.
As an autotrophic biological nitrogen removal technique, a hydrogen autotrophic denitrification technique is capable of performing a nitrogen removal reaction using hydrogen as an electron donor. The technology does not need an additional carbon source, can avoid the problems of secondary pollution and excessive organic matters in the effluent, and has low sludge yield. However, hydrogen is used as a gaseous electron donor, the solubility of the hydrogen in water is low, the utilization efficiency of the hydrogen is low due to the traditional direct aeration mode, and the popularization and the application of the hydrogen autotrophic denitrification technology are limited. The hydrogen substrate membrane biological membrane technology utilizes a hollow fiber membrane foamless aeration mode, and hydrogen slowly permeates to the surface of the membrane for being utilized by microorganisms by pressurizing the hollow fiber membrane, so that the utilization efficiency of the hydrogen is improved, and the technology is a better application form of the hydrogen autotrophic denitrification technology. However, the hydrogen matrix membrane bio-membrane technology is still in the laboratory exploration stage in China, and the setting mode and the air supply strategy of the hollow fiber membrane cannot reach the engineering practice level. At present, the development of a stable, reliable, convenient-to-manage and modularized hollow fiber membrane module is urgently needed, and the membrane module is utilized to design and build sewage deep denitrification equipment based on a hydrogen matrix membrane biological membrane technology so as to be used for municipal sewage secondary effluent upgrading and reconstruction engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide novel container type sewage deep denitrification equipment and method based on a hydrogen matrix membrane biological membrane technology, which fully consider the deep denitrification requirement of an actual urban sewage treatment plant and at least overcome one of the problems.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides container type sewage deep denitrification equipment based on a hydrogen matrix membrane biomembrane technology, wherein monomer equipment adopts a container type integrated structure and comprises a container, a biological reaction main body, a water inlet system, a drainage system, an internal circulation system, a pH control system and a gas supply system, wherein the biological reaction main body, the water inlet system, the drainage system, the internal circulation system, the pH control system and the gas supply system are integrated in the container;
the biological reaction main body comprises a sewage tank, a baffle plate and a hydrogen substrate membrane biological membrane group between the two baffle plates; the baffle plates are alternately arranged in the sewage tank at equal intervals, so that the sewage tank is divided into a water inlet buffer zone at the front end, a fold line-shaped overflowing reaction zone in the middle and an overflowing water outlet buffer zone at the tail end; the water inlet buffer zone is connected with the water inlet system; the space between every two adjacent baffle plates in the fold-line-shaped overflowing reaction area is provided with an independent hydrogen matrix membrane biomembrane group, and the inlet water input from the water inlet buffer area sequentially flows through the hydrogen matrix membrane biomembrane groups and then enters the overflowing and flowing water buffer area; the overflow water outlet buffer zone is connected with a drainage system through an overflow weir;
the hydrogen matrix membrane biological membrane module comprises a membrane frame and a plurality of curtain type hollow fiber membrane components which are arranged on the corresponding membrane frame in parallel; the membrane frame is provided with a hydrogen channel, a carbon dioxide channel and a nitrogen channel which are not communicated with each other, and the air inlet ends of the three channels are respectively a first ventilation port, a second ventilation port and a third ventilation port; the bottom end of the membrane frame is also provided with a microporous aeration disc communicated with the air outlet end of the carbon dioxide channel; the bottom of the space between any two adjacent curtain type hollow fiber membrane components is provided with an aeration perforated pipe which is communicated with the air outlet end of the nitrogen channel; the curtain type hollow fiber membrane component comprises a plurality of hollow fiber membrane filaments and an upper ventilating mechanism and a lower ventilating mechanism which are longitudinally arranged in parallel, two ends of each hollow fiber membrane filament are respectively communicated with the upper ventilating mechanism and the lower ventilating mechanism in a sealing mode, each ventilating mechanism at least comprises an air inlet, and the air inlets are communicated with an air outlet end of a hydrogen channel through air supply hoses;
the internal circulation system is used for refluxing the sewage in the overflow water outlet buffer area to the water inlet buffer area so as to ensure that the water to be treated in the sewage tank is in a completely mixed state;
the gas supply system comprises a hydrogen gas source, a carbon dioxide gas source and a nitrogen gas source; the hydrogen source is connected with the first ventilation port and is used for blowing hydrogen into the hollow fiber membrane filaments through the hydrogen channel so that the hydrogen in the inner cavities of the membrane filaments passes through the walls of the membrane filaments and then diffuses to the outside of the membrane filaments in a bubble-free diffusion mode; the carbon dioxide gas source is connected with the second vent port and is used for blowing carbon dioxide into the microporous aeration disc through the carbon dioxide channel under the control of the pH control system to adjust the pH value of the reaction system; and the nitrogen gas source is connected with the third gas port and is used for blowing nitrogen into the aeration perforated pipe through the nitrogen gas channel so as to perform aeration disturbance on the hollow fiber membrane yarn.
As a preferable aspect of the first aspect, the plurality of hollow fiber membrane filaments included in the curtain-type hollow fiber membrane module are fixed to form curtains by weaving with transverse yarns, and the different curtains are arranged in parallel; two ports of all the hollow fiber membrane filaments are respectively fixed in an upper ventilating mechanism and a lower ventilating mechanism through pouring sealant, the ventilating mechanisms respectively comprise at least one air inlet, and the air inlets on the two ventilating mechanisms can be simultaneously communicated with a hydrogen channel, so that the hydrogen source can simultaneously feed air to two ends of the hollow fiber membrane filaments; in the other two ventilation mechanisms, one ventilation mechanism can be communicated with the hydrogen channel for air intake, and the other ventilation mechanism can be directly emptied.
As a preferred aspect of the first aspect, the water inlet system includes a water inlet port, a buffer pool, a water inlet pump and a water inlet pipeline; the water inlet port is located outside the container, the water inlet port is connected with the buffer pool and used for inputting sewage to be treated, and the water inlet pump and the water inlet pipeline are used for pumping the sewage in the buffer pool into the water inlet buffer area at the front end of the sewage tank.
Preferably, the drainage system comprises a temporary drainage pool and a drainage port, wherein a vent is formed in the lower part of the temporary drainage pool and is communicated with the drainage port located outside the container.
Preferably, the internal circulation system includes an internal circulation pump and an internal circulation pipeline, two ends of the internal circulation pipeline are respectively connected with the overflow water outlet buffer area and the water inlet buffer area, the internal circulation pump is installed on the internal circulation pipeline, and sewage is pumped into the front end water inlet buffer area from an internal circulation port formed at the bottom of one side of the overflow water outlet buffer area, so as to achieve the purpose of sewage circulation treatment.
Preferably, the membrane frame is made of a hollow rod, and the inner cavity of the hollow rod is directly communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow rod to form the hydrogen channel, the carbon dioxide channel and the nitrogen channel; a first vent port, a second vent port and a third vent port of the air inlet ends of the three channels are directly arranged on the membrane frame; the hydrogen source is communicated with the first ventilation port on the membrane frame through a hydrogen supply pipe and is used for supplying hydrogen into the hollow cavity of the hollow fiber membrane yarn; the carbon dioxide gas source is communicated with the second vent port on the membrane frame through a carbon dioxide gas supply pipe, so that the carbon dioxide gas can overflow from the microporous aeration disc at the bottom end of the membrane frame; the nitrogen gas source is communicated with a third vent port on the membrane frame through a nitrogen gas supply pipe, so that nitrogen can overflow from the aeration perforated pipe; preferably, the hydrogen gas source is a hydrogen generator.
Preferably, the pH control system comprises a pH electrode and a control device in the wastewater tank, the pH electrode and the control device are connected and form a feedback control, and the control device is used for sending the detection data of the pH electrode to the control device and controlling the supply of carbon dioxide gas from the gas supply system to the microporous aeration disc to be opened and closed so as to maintain the pH of the wastewater system in the wastewater tank to meet the requirements of the reaction.
Preferably, the container further comprises an electric control system, wherein the electric control system comprises a circuit control element of each electric device in the container, and is used for automatically controlling the start and stop of all the electric devices in the container and monitoring the running energy consumption according to a preset program.
Preferably, the first aspect of the present invention comprises a plurality of single facilities combined in parallel or in series, and all of the single facilities are supplied with water by one or more sewage pumps.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a sewage treatment method for container type sewage deep denitrification equipment based on hydrogen matrix membrane biological membrane technology according to any one of the above first aspect, which comprises the following specific steps:
introducing sewage to be treated into a buffer tank through a water inlet port by a sewage pump, introducing the sewage in the buffer tank into a sewage tank through a water inlet pipeline according to the flow of the water inlet pump predetermined according to the treatment load, and performing deep denitrification treatment;
in the operation process of the deep denitrification treatment, a hydrogen source is started, hydrogen is simultaneously input into a hollow cavity of the membrane wire from two ends of the hollow fiber membrane wire according to the hydrogen flow determined according to the treatment load in advance, and then the hydrogen is diffused to the outside of the membrane wire in a bubble-free diffusion mode through the wall of the membrane wire; hydrogen diffuses out of the membrane wall and then enters the biological membrane, then diffuses from the inside to the outside of the biological membrane, nitrate in water diffuses from the outside to the inside of the biological membrane, a biological active area enriched with hydrogen and nitrate is formed inside the biological membrane, microorganisms in the area rapidly degrade nitrate by using hydrogen, and microorganisms in the area rapidly degrade nitrate by using HCO (hydrogen chloride) during degradation 3 - As an inorganic carbon source, nitrate is used as a substrate, and the nitrate is reduced into N by utilizing electrons provided by hydrogen 2 ；
In the operation process of the deep denitrification treatment, the flow of the internal circulation pump is set to be at least 10 times of the flow of the water inlet pump; simultaneously, a pH control system is started, the pH of the wastewater in the reactor is detected in real time through a pH electrode, and when the pH of the wastewater is increased to the pH due to the reduction action of nitrate>8.0, opening a carbon dioxide gas source to introduce CO into the sewage tank through a chemical adding control system 2 CO is stopped until the pH value is reduced to 7.5 2 Introducing;
in the operation process of the deep denitrification treatment, one of the two ventilation mechanisms is controlled at intervals to be communicated with the hydrogen channel for air intake, and the other one is directly emptied, so that the hydrogen mixed with impurities in the hollow fiber membrane filament cavity is replaced by pure hydrogen, and the purity of the hydrogen in the membrane cavity is ensured; meanwhile, nitrogen is aerated through the aeration perforated pipe at intervals, aeration disturbance is carried out on hollow fiber membrane filaments in the curtain type hollow fiber membrane component, and the thickness of the biofilm on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is controlled through hydraulic shearing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention has high technology integration level and small occupied area; the equipment is built in a container type, and can adapt to different processing quantity requirements through simple parallel connection; the movable and easy-to-disassemble structure can be stacked, and the existing process layout of a sewage plant is not influenced.
(2) The membrane assemblies are mutually independent and can be fixed on the membrane frame through simple buckles, membrane threads are not stressed, and the service life of the membrane assemblies is greatly prolonged; the single membrane component has simple assembly process, no need of professional equipment, low manufacturing cost, single replacement and outstanding economic advantages.
(3) The invention innovatively adopts the curtain-type membrane component, can realize higher removal flux while ensuring larger membrane filling area per unit volume, and effectively solves the problem of easy blockage of the roll-type membrane component.
(4) The invention takes the membrane group as the minimum processing unit, the modules are mutually independent and have complete functions independently, and the operation of the whole equipment is not influenced by the offline of one or more membrane groups, so the maintenance is convenient.
(5) The invention adopts hydrogen as the only electron donor to carry out denitrification reaction, and applies the membrane biomembrane technology to greatly improve the utilization efficiency of the hydrogen, has extremely low operation energy consumption and can effectively avoid the problem of secondary pollution.
(6) The invention adopts autotrophic biological denitrification technology, has lower sludge yield and can further save the treatment cost of excess sludge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the internal structure of the integrated sewage deep denitrification apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a hydrogen-matrix membrane bio-membrane module of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a hydrogen-matrix membrane bio-membrane module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of a hydrogen-matrix membrane bio-membrane module of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a hydrogen-matrix membrane bio-membrane module of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a curtain type hollow fiber membrane module structure;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the effect of the actual operation of the apparatus in the embodiment;
the reference numbers in the figures are: the system comprises a container 1, a sewage tank 2, a water inlet buffer area 201, an overflow water outlet buffer area 202, an overflow weir 203, a baffle plate 204, an internal circulation port 205, a hydrogen-based membrane biofilm group 3, a membrane frame 31, a curtain type hollow fiber membrane component 32, a first aeration port 301, a second aeration port 302, a third aeration port 303, an air supply hose 304, a microporous aeration disc 305, an aeration perforated pipe 306, an aeration mechanism 321, a hollow fiber membrane wire 322, an air inlet 323, a buffer tank 401, an water inlet port 402, a water inlet pump 403, a water inlet pipeline 404, a temporary drainage tank 501, a vent 502, a water outlet port 503, an internal circulation pump 601, an internal circulation pipeline 602, a pH control system 7, a hydrogen gas source 801, a carbon dioxide gas source 802, a nitrogen gas source 803, a hydrogen gas supply pipe 811, a carbon dioxide gas supply pipe 812, a nitrogen gas supply pipe 813 and an electronic control system 9.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The technical features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined correspondingly without mutual conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "middle", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, a container type sewage deep denitrification apparatus based on hydrogen matrix membrane biofilm technology according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention may comprise one or more single units, each of which is a container type integrated structure and mainly comprises a biological reaction body, a water inlet system, a water outlet system, an internal circulation system, a pH control system 7 and a gas supply system, wherein the biological reaction body and all the systems are integrated in a container 1. The specific dimensions of the container 1 need to be selected according to the actual requirements, preferably 20 feet. The composition and connection of each system will be described in detail below.
The biological reaction main body consists of a sewage tank 2, baffle plates 204 arranged in the sewage tank at equal intervals and a hydrogen substrate membrane biological membrane group 3 between the two baffle plates. The baffle plate 204 is preferably an UPVC plate, which not only has higher strength and toughness, but also has better corrosion resistance, and is mainly arranged for improving the sewage mixing degree and reducing short flow and channeling, so that the sewage can fully flow through the hydrogen matrix membrane biomembrane group 3. The baffles 204 are alternately arranged in the wastewater tank 2 at equal intervals, so that the wastewater tank 2 is divided into an inlet buffer 201 at the front end, a polygonal overflowing reaction area in the middle, and an overflowing outlet buffer 202 at the tail end. Wherein, the water inlet buffer area 201 is connected with the water inlet system, and sewage to be treated can be input into the sewage tank 2 through the water inlet system. The overflowing channels in the zigzag overflowing reaction area are divided into zigzag or S-shaped channels by a plurality of baffle plates 204, an independent hydrogen matrix membrane biomembrane group 3 is arranged in the space between every two adjacent baffle plates 204, and the inflow water input from the inflow buffer area 201 flows through the hydrogen matrix membrane biomembrane groups 3 in sequence and then flows into the overflow outflow buffer area 202. The overflow effluent buffer 202 is connected with a drainage system through an overflow weir 203, and the treated sewage is discharged outside from the drainage system.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the hydrogen-based membrane bio-membrane modules 3 are independent of each other, and the core component thereof is composed of a membrane frame 31 and a plurality of curtain-type hollow fiber membrane modules 32 arranged in parallel on the corresponding membrane frame. The main body of the membrane frame 31 is assembled by hollow steel structure rod pieces, the interior of the rod pieces can be ventilated, and three channels which are not communicated with each other are arranged in the membrane frame 31 and are respectively a hydrogen channel, a carbon dioxide channel and a nitrogen channel. The membrane holder 31 includes at least 3 vent ports, which are a first vent port 301, a second vent port 302, and a third vent port 303, respectively, and the first vent port 301, the second vent port 302, and the third vent port 303 are respectively used as the gas inlet ends of a hydrogen channel, a carbon dioxide channel, and a nitrogen channel. In addition, the bottom end of the membrane frame 31 is provided with a microporous aeration disc 305, and is communicated with the air outlet end of the carbon dioxide channel through a hollow steel structural rod of the membrane frame, so as to be communicated with the second air port 302, and carbon dioxide gas input from the second air port 302 can enter the microporous aeration disc 305 along the carbon dioxide channel for aeration. In addition, an aeration perforated pipe 306 is arranged in the center of the bottom of the space between any two adjacent curtain-type hollow fiber membrane modules 32, the aeration perforated pipe 306 is communicated with the air outlet end of the nitrogen channel through a hollow steel structural rod of the membrane frame and further communicated with a third air outlet 303, nitrogen input from the third air outlet 303 can enter the aeration perforated pipe 306 along the nitrogen channel to stir sewage between the adjacent curtain-type hollow fiber membrane modules 32, and the thickness of the biological membrane is controlled by the aid of the floating shearing force of nitrogen bubbles.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the hydrogen channel, the carbon dioxide channel and the nitrogen channel are directly embedded in the main body of the membrane frame 31 through hollow steel structural members, mainly to reduce the occupied space, but in other embodiments, the same pipeline may be separately installed, and this need not be limiting.
As shown in fig. 2 to 6, each curtain type hollow fiber membrane module 32 includes a plurality of hollow fiber membrane filaments 322 arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction and two aeration means 321, one comprising at least one air inlet 323. Two ends of each hollow fiber membrane wire 322 are respectively communicated with the upper and the lower ventilation mechanisms 321 in a sealing way. The function of the aeration mechanism 321 is to input hydrogen into the hollow fiber membrane filaments 322, so that the air inlet 323 on the aeration mechanism 321 is connected with the air outlet end of the hydrogen channel on the membrane frame 31 through the air supply hose 304, so as to communicate with the first aeration port 301. More specifically, in the present embodiment, the hollow fiber membrane filaments 322 included in the curtain-type hollow fiber membrane module 32 can be woven and fixed into curtains through transverse yarns, different curtains are arranged in parallel, two ports of all the hollow fiber membrane filaments are fixed in the upper and lower ventilation mechanisms 321 through potting adhesive, respectively, and two ports of the membrane filaments are communicated with the inner cavities of the upper and lower ventilation mechanisms. The upper and lower aeration mechanisms respectively comprise at least one gas inlet 323, and the gas inlets 323 on the two aeration mechanisms 321 can be simultaneously communicated with the hydrogen channel, so that the hydrogen source 801 simultaneously feeds gas to both ends of the hollow fiber membrane filaments 322. In the other two aeration mechanisms 321, one can be communicated with the hydrogen passage to perform air intake, and the other can be directly emptied. The purpose of arranging one of the aeration mechanisms 321 for air intake and the other aeration mechanism 321 for air evacuation is that during the operation of the curtain type hollow fiber membrane module 32, nitrogen is generated in the hollow fiber membrane filaments 322 due to the denitrification process of microorganisms, and the nitrogen reversely diffuses into the membrane cavity, and meanwhile, a part of water vapor is generated in the membrane cavity, so that the purity of the hydrogen inside the membrane cavity is reduced, and pure hydrogen needs to be blown out for replacement. In this embodiment, preferably, two ends of the upper ventilation mechanism are respectively provided with an air inlet, one of the air inlets of the upper ventilation mechanism is connected with a hydrogen gas source, the other air inlet is provided with a valve which can be opened and closed, one end of the lower ventilation mechanism is provided with an air inlet connected with the hydrogen gas source, and the other end of the lower ventilation mechanism is closed. During ventilation, the air inlet with the valve on the upper ventilation mechanism is closed, and the two ends of the hollow fiber membrane wire can simultaneously admit air through respective air inlets of the upper ventilation mechanism and the lower ventilation mechanism. When hydrogen replacement is needed, the air inlet with the valve on the upper ventilation mechanism opens the valve periodically, and pure hydrogen is continuously introduced to discharge the gas in the hollow fiber membrane cavity and replace the gas into pure hydrogen so as to keep the gas supply purity. It is further preferred that each curtain hollow fiber membrane module 32 comprises 4 to 6 curtains of hollow fiber membranes, each curtain comprising 1500 to 2000 hollow fiber membrane filaments.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the water inlet system mainly includes a water inlet port 402, a buffer tank 401, a water inlet pump 403 and a water inlet pipeline 404. The water inlet port 402 is located outside the container 1, and the water inlet port 402 is connected to the buffer tank 401 for inputting sewage to be treated, and the water inlet pump 403 and the water inlet pipe 404 are used for pumping the sewage in the buffer tank 401 into the water inlet buffer area 201 at the front end of the sewage tank 2. In the specific operation process, sewage to be treated is injected into the buffer tank 401 through the water inlet port 402, the buffer tank 401 is used for buffering and homogenizing, then the treatment load is determined according to the quality of inlet water and the treatment requirement, the opening flow of the water inlet pump 403 is further determined, and then the sewage enters the biological reaction main body through the water inlet pipeline 404 under the action of the water inlet pump 403.
The internal circulation system in the present invention is used to return the sewage overflowing from the water inlet buffer area 202 to the water inlet buffer area 201, so as to ensure that the water to be treated in the sewage tank 2 is in a completely mixed state. In this embodiment, the internal circulation system includes an internal circulation pump 601 and an internal circulation pipeline 602, two ends of the internal circulation pipeline 602 are respectively connected to the overflow water buffer 202 and the water inlet buffer 201, the internal circulation pump 601 is installed on the internal circulation pipeline 602, and the internal circulation pump 601 pumps the sewage from the internal circulation port 205 formed at the bottom of one side of the overflow water buffer 202 to the water inlet buffer 201 at the front end, so as to achieve the purpose of sewage circulation treatment. Preferably, the flow rate of the internal circulation pump is at least 10 times of the flow rate of the water inlet pump 403, so as to ensure that the water to be treated in the sewage tank 2 is in a completely mixed state.
In this embodiment, the drainage system includes a temporary drainage pool 501 and a drainage port 503, wherein a vent 502 is further opened at the bottom of one side of the temporary drainage pool 501, and the vent 502 is communicated with the drainage port 503 located outside the container 1. The treated sewage discharged from the overflow weir 203 is stored in a temporary drain storage tank 501, and then is discharged out of the equipment through a drain port 503 under the action of gravity or a drain pump.
The apparatus also has a gas supply system, which mainly comprises a hydrogen gas source 801, a carbon dioxide gas source 802 and a nitrogen gas source 803. The hydrogen source 801 is connected with the first ventilation port 301 and is used for blowing hydrogen into the hollow fiber membrane filaments 322 through the hydrogen channel so that the hydrogen in the inner cavities of the membrane filaments passes through the walls of the membrane filaments and then diffuses outside the membrane filaments in a bubble-free diffusion mode; the carbon dioxide gas source 802 is connected to the second vent port 302, and is used for blowing carbon dioxide into the microporous aeration disc 305 through the carbon dioxide channel under the control of the pH control system 7, and adjusting the pH value of the reaction system; the nitrogen gas source 803 is connected to the third gas inlet 303, and is used for blowing nitrogen gas into the aeration perforated pipe 306 through the nitrogen gas channel, so as to perform aeration disturbance on the hollow fiber membrane filaments 322. In the embodiment, since the hydrogen channel, the carbon dioxide channel and the nitrogen channel are directly embedded in the main body of the membrane frame 31, the hydrogen source 801 is communicated with the first ventilation port 301 on the membrane frame 31 through the hydrogen supply pipe 811, and is used for supplying hydrogen to the hollow cavity of the hollow fiber membrane filament 322 to provide an electron donor for denitrification; a carbon dioxide gas source 802 is communicated with the second vent port 302 on the membrane frame 31 through a carbon dioxide gas supply pipe 812, so that carbon dioxide gas can overflow from the microporous aeration disc 305 at the bottom end of the membrane frame 31, an inorganic carbon source is provided for denitrification reaction, and the pH value of the system is adjusted; the nitrogen gas source 803 is communicated with the third vent port 303 on the membrane frame 31 through the nitrogen gas supply pipe 813, so that nitrogen can overflow from the aeration perforated pipe 306 and pass through the surface of the hollow fiber membrane wire 322, and the thickness of the biomembrane is controlled by the shearing force of the floating of the nitrogen bubbles. Various components on the curtain type hollow fiber membrane component 32 can be fixed on the membrane frame 31 through simple buckles, and the membrane filaments are not stressed, so that the service life of the membrane component is prolonged.
In the present invention, the specific forms of the hydrogen gas source 801, the carbon dioxide gas source 802 and the nitrogen gas source 803 are not limited, and corresponding gas generators can be adopted, and bottled high-pressure gas sources can also be adopted. Preferably, the hydrogen gas source is a hydrogen generator.
The pH control system 7 is mainly used for adjusting the pH value in the sewage treatment process, and comprises a pH electrode and a control device which are positioned in the sewage tank 2, wherein the control device can adopt any automatic control equipment which can realize corresponding functions, such as a single chip microcomputer, a PLC, an MCU and the like. The pH electrode can extend into a biochemical reaction area where the hydrogen substrate membrane biomembrane group 3 in the sewage tank 2 is positioned, so as to obtain the real-time sewage pH value. The pH electrode is connected with the dosing control system to form feedback control, the detection data of the pH electrode is sent to the control device in real time, the control device controls the opening and closing of an air outlet valve of a carbon dioxide air source 802 in the air supply system, the carbon dioxide air source 802 supplies air to the microporous aeration disc 305 when the air outlet valve is opened, the pH of the sewage is reduced through aeration, the pH of the biological reaction main body is maintained to be stable, the required reaction requirements are met, and meanwhile, a carbon source is provided for microorganisms.
In addition, an electronic control system 9 can be arranged in the container 1 to realize automatic control. The electric control system 9 comprises circuit control elements of all the electric devices in the container 1 and is used for automatically controlling the start and stop of all the electric devices in the container 1 and monitoring the running energy consumption according to a preset program. The specific form of the automation of the electronic control system 9 belongs to the mature prior art and will not be described further.
It should be noted that fig. 1 shows a single unit device in the container type advanced wastewater denitrification device, in practical application, the container type advanced wastewater denitrification device may also include a plurality of unit devices combined in parallel or in series, and all the unit devices feed water through one or more sewage pumps, so as to adapt to different water quantities and water quality characteristics and expand the treatment application range of the present invention.
The invention further provides a sewage treatment method by utilizing the container type sewage deep denitrification equipment based on the hydrogen matrix membrane biological membrane technology, which comprises the following specific steps:
sewage to be treated is introduced into the buffer tank 401 through the water inlet port 402 by the sewage pump, and then the sewage in the buffer tank 401 is introduced into the sewage tank 2 through the water inlet pipeline 404 according to the flow rate of the water inlet pump 403 which is predetermined according to the treatment load, so as to carry out deep denitrification treatment.
It should be noted that the specific number of the monomer units and the inflow rate in the process need to be determined in advance by theoretical calculation or experiment according to the water quantity to be treated and the water quality characteristics. In practical use, a plurality of container type sewage deep denitrification equipment based on the hydrogen matrix membrane biological membrane technology can be combined together in a parallel/serial mode. Then, sewage to be treated is injected into the buffer tank 401 through the water inlet ports 402 in sequence by one or more sewage pumps, the treatment load is determined according to the quality of inlet water and the treatment requirement, and the opening flow of the water inlet pump 403 is further determined.
In addition, the deep denitrification treatment operation processIn the middle, a hydrogen gas source 801 is needed to be started, hydrogen is simultaneously input into the hollow cavity of the hollow fiber membrane filament from two ends of the hollow fiber membrane filament 322 according to the hydrogen flow rate determined according to the processing load in advance, and then the hydrogen is diffused to the outside of the membrane filament in a bubble-free diffusion mode through the wall of the membrane filament; hydrogen diffuses out of the membrane wall and then enters the biological membrane, and then diffuses from the inside to the outside of the biological membrane, meanwhile, the oxidation state pollutants such as nitrate in water diffuse from the outside to the inside of the biological membrane, a biological active area enriched with hydrogen and nitrate is formed inside the biological membrane, and microorganisms in the area rapidly degrade nitrate by using the hydrogen; during this degradation process, the microorganisms utilize HCO 3 - As an inorganic carbon source, nitrate is used as a substrate, and the nitrate is reduced into N by utilizing electrons provided by hydrogen 2 。
In addition, during the deep denitrification operation, the flow rate of the internal circulation pump 601 is set to be at least 10 times the flow rate of the water inlet pump 403. Simultaneously, a pH control system is started, the pH of the wastewater in the reactor is detected in real time through a pH electrode, and when the pH of the wastewater is increased to the pH value due to the reduction action of nitrate>8.0, opening a carbon dioxide gas source 802 to introduce CO into the sewage tank 2 through a dosing control system 2 CO is stopped until the pH value is reduced to 7.5 2 Is introduced.
In addition, in the operation process of the deep denitrification treatment, one of the two ventilation mechanisms 321 is controlled at intervals to be communicated with a hydrogen channel for air intake, and the other one is directly emptied, so that the hydrogen mixed with impurities in the cavity of the hollow fiber membrane wire 322 is replaced by pure hydrogen, and the purity of the hydrogen in the membrane cavity is ensured; meanwhile, nitrogen is intermittently aerated through the aeration perforated pipe 306, aeration disturbance is performed on the hollow fiber membrane filaments 322 in the curtain type hollow fiber membrane module 32, and the thickness of the biofilm on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is controlled by hydraulic shear. The specific thickness control needs to be reasonably optimized according to actual conditions, and the thickness of the biological membrane can be changed by adjusting the aeration frequency and the aeration quantity.
The container type sewage deep denitrification equipment based on the hydrogen matrix membrane biological membrane technology and the sewage treatment method are applied to a specific practical engineering to show the technical effect achieved by the container type sewage deep denitrification equipment.
Examples
The container type sewage deep denitrification equipment based on the hydrogen matrix membrane biomembrane technology is used for treating secondary effluent of a sewage treatment plant in a certain city of Zhejiang, wherein the equipment characteristics and steady-state operation parameters are listed in a table (see tables 1 and 2). The operation result is shown in figure 7, the device can realize the deep removal of nitrate in secondary effluent of an actual municipal sewage treatment plant under the condition that the HRT is 3.0 hours, and the daily treatment capacity reaches more than 24 tons. Under the steady state condition, nitrate of about 10mg/L of inlet water can be reduced to below 1mg/L, no obvious nitrite accumulation exists, and the requirement on the total nitrogen concentration in the clean discharge standard of Zhejiang province is far lower. And the operation energy consumption is only 0.1 kilowatt hour/ton water, which is far lower than that of the prior deep denitrification process.
TABLE 1 specific characteristic parameters of the apparatus
| Container size (m) | 5.90×2.35×2.39 |
| Sump size (m) | 3.35×0.73×1.25 |
| Effective volume (m) 3 ) | 3.06 |
| Number of module (one) | 5 |
| Single module with number of membrane modules | 6 |
| Total membrane surface area (m) 2 ) | 169.6 |
| Filling ratio (m) 2 /m 3 ) | 64.5 |
| Single membrane module membrane silk curtain number (curtain) | 6 |
| Number of membrane filaments per curtain (root) | 1500 |
| Length of membrane thread (rice) | 1 |
| Membrane filament inside/outside diameter (mum) | 90/200 |
TABLE 2 Steady-State operating parameters of the plant
| Influent nitrate concentration (mgN/L) | 9.38±3.46 |
| Concentration of nitrate in effluent (mgN/L) | 0.87±0.77 |
| Inflow ( |
1 |
| Circulation flow ( |
12 |
| Hydraulic retention time (h) | 3.0 |
| pH | 7.5-8.0 |
| Hydrogen flow (mL/min) | 1200 |
| Hydrogen supply pressure (Mpa) | 0.1 |
| Frequency of nitrogen flushing (day/time) | 7 |
| Every time nitrogen flushing is performed frequently (min) | 2 |
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A container type sewage deep denitrification device based on a hydrogen substrate membrane biological membrane technology is characterized in that a single device adopts a container type integrated structure and comprises a container (1), a biological reaction main body, a water inlet system, a drainage system, an internal circulation system, a pH control system (7) and a gas supply system, wherein the biological reaction main body, the water inlet system, the drainage system, the internal circulation system, the pH control system and the gas supply system are integrated in the container (1);
the biological reaction main body comprises a sewage tank (2), a baffle plate (204) and a hydrogen substrate membrane biological membrane group (3) between the two baffle plates; the baffle plates (204) are alternately arranged in the sewage tank (2) at equal intervals, so that the sewage tank (2) is divided into a water inlet buffer area (201) at the front end, a fold line-shaped overflowing reaction area in the middle and an overflowing water outlet buffer area (202) at the tail end; the water inlet buffer area (201) is connected with the water inlet system; an independent hydrogen matrix membrane biomembrane group (3) is arranged in the space between every two adjacent baffle plates (204) in the fold-line-shaped overflowing reaction zone, and the inlet water input from the water inlet buffer zone (201) sequentially flows through the hydrogen matrix membrane biomembrane groups (3) and then enters the overflowing and flowing water buffer zone (202); the overflow water outlet buffer area (202) is connected with a drainage system through an overflow weir (203);
the hydrogen matrix membrane biological membrane module (3) comprises a membrane frame (31) and a plurality of curtain type hollow fiber membrane modules (32) which are arranged on the corresponding membrane frame in parallel; the membrane frame (31) is provided with a hydrogen channel, a carbon dioxide channel and a nitrogen channel which are not communicated with each other, and the air inlet ends of the three channels are respectively a first ventilation port (301), a second ventilation port (302) and a third ventilation port (303); the bottom end of the membrane frame (31) is also provided with a microporous aeration disc (305) communicated with the air outlet end of the carbon dioxide channel; the bottom of the space between any two adjacent curtain type hollow fiber membrane modules (32) is provided with an aeration perforated pipe (306), and the aeration perforated pipe (306) is communicated with the gas outlet end of the nitrogen channel; the curtain type hollow fiber membrane component (32) comprises a plurality of hollow fiber membrane filaments (322) which are longitudinally arranged in parallel and an upper ventilating mechanism and a lower ventilating mechanism (321), two ends of each hollow fiber membrane filament (322) are respectively communicated with the upper ventilating mechanism and the lower ventilating mechanism (321) in a sealing mode, each ventilating mechanism at least comprises an air inlet (323), and the air inlets (323) are communicated with an air outlet end of a hydrogen channel through air supply hoses (304);
the internal circulation system is used for refluxing the sewage in the overflow water buffer area (202) to the water inlet buffer area (201) so as to ensure that the water to be treated in the sewage tank (2) is in a complete mixing state;
the gas supply system comprises a hydrogen gas source (801), a carbon dioxide gas source (802), and a nitrogen gas source (803); the hydrogen source (801) is connected with the first ventilation port (301) and is used for blowing hydrogen into the hollow fiber membrane filaments (322) through the hydrogen channel, so that the hydrogen in the inner cavities of the membrane filaments penetrates through the walls of the membrane filaments and then diffuses to the outside of the membrane filaments in a bubble-free diffusion mode; the carbon dioxide gas source (802) is connected with the second ventilation port (302) and is used for blowing carbon dioxide into the microporous aeration disc (305) through the carbon dioxide channel under the control of the pH control system (7) to adjust the pH value of the reaction system; and the nitrogen gas source (803) is connected with the third air through port (303) and is used for blowing nitrogen into the aeration perforated pipe (306) through a nitrogen channel so as to perform aeration disturbance on the hollow fiber membrane filaments (322).
2. The container type sewage deep denitrification apparatus based on hydrogen matrix membrane bio-membrane technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the curtain type hollow fiber membrane module (32) comprises a plurality of hollow fiber membrane filaments (322) fixed into curtains by transverse yarn weaving, and the different curtains are arranged in parallel; two ports of all the hollow fiber membrane wires are respectively fixed in an upper ventilating mechanism (321) and a lower ventilating mechanism (321) through pouring sealant, each ventilating mechanism at least comprises one air inlet (323), and the air inlets (323) on the two ventilating mechanisms (321) can be simultaneously communicated with a hydrogen channel so that the hydrogen source (801) can simultaneously intake air to two ends of the hollow fiber membrane wires (322); in the other two ventilation mechanisms (321), one of the two ventilation mechanisms is communicated with the hydrogen passage for air intake, and the other ventilation mechanism is directly emptied.
3. The container type sewage deep denitrification apparatus based on hydrogen matrix membrane bio-membrane technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water inlet system comprises a water inlet port (402), a buffer tank (401), a water inlet pump (403) and a water inlet pipeline (404); the water inlet port (402) is positioned outside the container (1), the water inlet port (402) is connected with the buffer pool (401) and used for inputting sewage to be treated, and the water inlet pump (403) and the water inlet pipeline (404) are used for pumping the sewage in the buffer pool (401) into the water inlet buffer area (201) at the front end of the sewage tank (2).
4. The container type sewage deep denitrification apparatus based on hydrogen matrix membrane bio-membrane technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drainage system comprises a drainage temporary storage tank (501) and a drainage port (503), the drainage temporary storage tank (501) is opened with a vent (502) at the lower part, and the vent (502) is communicated with the drainage port (503) located outside the container (1).
5. The container type sewage deep denitrification equipment based on the hydrogen matrix membrane biofilm technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal circulation system comprises an internal circulation pump (601) and an internal circulation pipeline (602), the two ends of the internal circulation pipeline (602) are respectively connected with the overflow water outlet buffer area (202) and the water inlet buffer area (201), the internal circulation pump (601) is installed on the internal circulation pipeline (602), and the sewage is pumped into the front end water inlet buffer area (201) from an internal circulation port (205) formed in the bottom of one side of the overflow water outlet buffer area (202) so as to achieve the purpose of sewage circulation treatment.
6. The container type sewage deep denitrification equipment based on hydrogen matrix membrane bio-membrane technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the membrane frame (31) is made of hollow rod members, and the inner cavities of the hollow rod members are directly communicated to form the hydrogen channel, the carbon dioxide channel and the nitrogen channel; a first ventilation port (301), a second ventilation port (302) and a third ventilation port (303) of the air inlet ends of the three channels are directly arranged on the membrane frame (31); the hydrogen source (801) is communicated with the first ventilation port (301) on the membrane frame (31) through a hydrogen supply pipe (811) and is used for supplying hydrogen into the hollow cavity of the hollow fiber membrane wire (322); the carbon dioxide gas source (802) is communicated with a second ventilation port (302) on the membrane frame (31) through a carbon dioxide gas supply pipe (812), so that carbon dioxide gas can overflow from the microporous aeration disc (305) at the bottom end of the membrane frame (31); the nitrogen gas source (803) is communicated with a third air through port (303) on the membrane frame (31) through a nitrogen gas supply pipe (813), so that nitrogen can overflow from the aeration perforated pipe (306); preferably, the hydrogen gas source (801) is a hydrogen gas generator.
7. The container type sewage deep denitrification apparatus based on hydrogen substrate membrane bio-membrane technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH control system (7) comprises a pH electrode and a control device which are arranged in the sewage tank (2), the pH electrode and the control device are connected and constitute a feedback control for sending the detection data of the pH electrode to the control device, and the control device controls the gas supply of the microporous aeration disc (305) by the carbon dioxide gas source (802) in the gas supply system to be opened and closed so as to maintain the pH of the sewage system in the sewage tank (2) to meet the requirements of the reaction.
8. The container type sewage deep denitrification equipment based on hydrogen matrix membrane bio-membrane technology as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an electric control system (9), wherein the electric control system (9) comprises circuit control elements of all electric devices in the container (1) and is used for automatically controlling the start-stop and operation energy consumption monitoring of all the electric devices in the container (1) according to a preset program.
9. The container type sewage deep denitrification apparatus based on hydrogen matrix membrane bio-membrane technology as claimed in claim 1, comprising a plurality of single apparatuses combined in parallel or series, all of which are fed by one or more sewage pumps.
10. A sewage treatment method of container type sewage deep denitrification equipment based on hydrogen matrix membrane biological membrane technology, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
introducing sewage to be treated into a buffer tank (401) through a water inlet port (402) by a sewage pump, introducing the sewage in the buffer tank (401) into a sewage tank (2) through a water inlet pipeline (404) according to the flow of a water inlet pump (403) predetermined according to the treatment load, and running for deep denitrification treatment;
in the operation process of deep denitrification treatment, a hydrogen gas source (801) is started, hydrogen is simultaneously input into the hollow cavity of the hollow fiber membrane filament (322) from two ends of the hollow fiber membrane filament according to hydrogen flow determined according to treatment load in advance, and then the hydrogen is diffused to the outside of the membrane filament through the wall of the membrane filament in a bubble-free diffusion mode; the hydrogen diffuses out of the membrane wall, enters the biological membrane and diffuses from the inside to the outside of the biological membrane,meanwhile, nitrate in water diffuses from the outside to the inside of the biological membrane, a biological active area enriched with hydrogen and nitrate is formed inside the biological membrane, microorganisms in the biological active area rapidly degrade the nitrate by using the hydrogen, and the microorganisms utilize HCO during degradation 3 - As an inorganic carbon source, nitrate is used as a substrate, and the nitrate is reduced into N by utilizing electrons provided by hydrogen 2 ；
In the operation process of the deep denitrification treatment, the flow of the internal circulation pump (601) is set to be at least 10 times of the flow of the water inlet pump (403); simultaneously, a pH control system is started, the pH of the wastewater in the reactor is detected in real time through a pH electrode, and when the pH of the wastewater is increased to the pH value due to the reduction action of nitrate>8.0, opening a carbon dioxide gas source (802) to introduce CO into the sewage tank (2) through a dosing control system 2 CO is stopped until the pH value is reduced to 7.5 2 Introducing;
in the operation process of the deep denitrification treatment, one of the two ventilation mechanisms (321) is controlled at intervals to be communicated with a hydrogen channel for air inlet, and the other one is directly emptied, so that the hydrogen mixed with impurities in the cavity of the hollow fiber membrane wire (322) is replaced by pure hydrogen, and the purity of the hydrogen in the membrane cavity is ensured; meanwhile, nitrogen is aerated at intervals through an aeration perforated pipe (306), aeration disturbance is carried out on hollow fiber membrane filaments (322) in the curtain type hollow fiber membrane component (32), and the thickness of the biofilm on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is controlled through hydraulic shearing.
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