CN115742292A - Polymer powder bed ink-jet sintering 3D printing method - Google Patents
Polymer powder bed ink-jet sintering 3D printing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115742292A CN115742292A CN202211435592.0A CN202211435592A CN115742292A CN 115742292 A CN115742292 A CN 115742292A CN 202211435592 A CN202211435592 A CN 202211435592A CN 115742292 A CN115742292 A CN 115742292A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011415 microwave curing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000491 Polyphenylsulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for 3D printing by ink-jet sintering of a polymer powder bed, which comprises the steps of carrying out computer slicing on a three-dimensional model to be printed to obtain contour information of each layer of section; filling polymer powder into a material spreading groove, filling ink into an ink box connected with a spray head, and preheating a printing bed; rolling and paving materials by adopting a roller, and performing ink-jet bonding molding by using a spray head according to the pattern of the section of the slice; lowering the printing bed for a certain distance, and repeating the bonding and forming steps until the printing is finished; and (3) after the preliminary surface cleaning treatment is carried out on the workpiece, the workpiece is placed into a microwave treatment device for further microwave curing and molding. The method of molding in one step and combining microwave treatment is adopted, the process of light curing after printing each time can be avoided, the production rate is improved, the whole welding line after microwave treatment is smaller than the welding line solidified layer by layer in the prior art, and the mechanical property of the welding line is also greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing products, and particularly relates to a polymer powder bed ink-jet sintering 3D printing method and a product printed by the printing method.
Background
With the development of the human society, 3D additive manufacturing technology is produced. The 3D printing technique builds objects by layer-by-layer printing using bondable materials such as powdered metal or plastic based on digital model files. Through 3D printing technique people can easily realize the integrated into one piece of complex construction. The 3D printing of the sand mold is a technology for spraying an adhesive according to the pattern of the built model slice by a machine nozzle after fine sand is tiled to bond and form the fine sand layer by layer, the technology greatly shortens the period of sand mold casting, and the overall process difficulty is reduced.
CN115090832A discloses a 3D printing device, which mainly utilizes a spray head to spray an adhesive on paved powder according to a specified path, the powder at a specified position is adhered together to form a layer of three-dimensional component contour, then a layer of powder is continuously paved, the adhesive is sprayed, and the process is repeated for multiple times, and multiple layers of powder are adhered to obtain a component with a complete three-dimensional contour. It has further add heating element in the side of the bottom of work box and sand-laying ware, can realize printing the in-process work box at the sand mould and be in the constant temperature state of settlement temperature and the heating element real-time heating sand face when the sand-laying ware sanding, promotes the sand mould solidification, and the sand face is dried in the heating, promotes the solidification effect. However, the equipment is mainly used for forming inorganic materials (such as fine sand), and in-situ heating is adopted to improve the curing effect, and meanwhile, the improvement condition of the curing effect is not recorded.
Sci.adv.2017;3: e1700262 discloses a method of welding FDM 3D printed thermoplastic interfaces by intense localized heating of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) by microwave irradiation. It applies CNT-loaded coatings to FDM 3D printing, with microwave irradiation showing a 275% improvement in weld fracture strength. However, the document discloses the application of microwave technology to thermoplastic interface enhancement for FDM 3D printing, and does not apply the microwave technology to inkjet sintering 3D printing of polymer powder beds, nor to increase the overall manufacturing rate of articles.
Based on the analysis, a 3D printing method which can effectively improve the forming speed of a polymer 3D printing technical workpiece and can obtain a workpiece with high strength is urgently needed in the industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that the forming speed of a product is low and the welding seam of the printed product is large in the 3D printing technology in the prior art, the high-strength 3D printed product is quickly prepared by adopting a polymer powder bed ink-jet sintering 3D printing method and further performing microwave post-treatment. The invention is realized by the following technical means:
a method of polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing, comprising:
(1) Carrying out computer slicing on the three-dimensional model to be printed to obtain the profile information of each layer of section;
(2) Filling polymer powder into a material spreading groove, filling ink into an ink box connected with a spray head, filling a curing agent into another container connected with the spray head, and preheating a printing bed;
(3) Rolling and paving the material by adopting a roller, and carrying out ink jet by a spray head according to the pattern of the section of the slice;
(4) The nozzle further sprays curing agent according to the pattern of the section of the slice to be cured, adhered and molded;
(5) The printing bed descends for a certain distance, and the operation of the step (3) and the step (4) is repeated until the printing is finished;
(6) And after the primary surface cleaning treatment is carried out on the workpiece, the workpiece is placed into a microwave treatment device for further microwave curing and molding.
Further, the polymer powder in the step (2) is all polymer powder capable of being subjected to 3D printing.
Further, the polymer powder includes, but is not limited to: polyurethane powder, polylactic acid powder, polypropylene powder, nylon powder, polyether-ether-ketone powder, ABS powder, polycarbonate powder, polystyrene powder, polycaprolactone powder, polyphenylsulfone powder and polydimethylsiloxane powder.
Furthermore, the particle size of the polymer powder is 5-500 μm.
Further, the ink in the step (2) is adhesive and can be rapidly heated and cured under the action of microwaves, and the curing agent is a commercial curing agent.
Further, the ink includes: a furan resin mixed with a carbon material and a phenol resin mixed with a carbon material.
Further, the carbon material is one or more of carbon nano tube, graphene and conductive carbon black.
Further, the certain distance in the step (5) is 0.05-1mm.
Further, the microwave treatment in the step (6) is: performing radio frequency microwave treatment; the video microwave power is 800-3000W, and the processing time is 10-300s.
The invention also discloses an article printed according to any one of the polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing methods.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the prior art, one layer of powder needs to be paved and then the near infrared light is cured once during powder paving and printing, so that the printing efficiency is seriously reduced, a welding seam between layers is large in the printing process, the mechanical property of a finished piece is reduced, the method of combining one-step molding and microwave treatment is adopted, the process of near infrared light curing after printing at each time can be avoided, the production rate is improved, the welding seam of the finished piece obtained after microwave treatment is combined is smaller than the welding seam solidified layer by layer in the prior art, and the mechanical property of the finished piece is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a printing method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the width of a spline weld prepared in comparative example 1.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the width of a spline weld prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below by means of specific embodiments. The examples are described only for the purpose of facilitating understanding and application of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
a polymer powder bed ink-jet sintering 3D printing method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Carrying out computer slicing on the three-dimensional model to be printed to obtain the profile information of each layer of section;
(2) Filling polymer powder into a material spreading groove, filling ink into an ink box connected with a spray head, filling a curing agent into another container connected with the spray head, and preheating a printing bed;
(3) Rolling and paving the material by adopting a roller, and carrying out ink jet by a spray head according to the pattern of the section of the slice;
(4) The nozzle further sprays curing agent according to the pattern of the section of the slice, and the curing agent is cured, bonded and molded;
(5) The printing bed descends for a certain distance, and the operation of the step (3) and the operation of the step (4) are repeated until the printing is finished;
(6) And after the primary surface cleaning treatment is carried out on the workpiece, the workpiece is placed into a microwave treatment device for further microwave curing and molding.
Wherein: the polymer powder is polyurethane powder with the grain diameter of 200 mu m; the ink is conductive carbon black mixed furan resin; the curing agent is a commercial curing agent; the descending distance is 0.1mm; the microwave treatment is radio frequency microwave treatment, the power of the microwave treatment is 1200W, and the treatment time is 60s.
Example 2:
a polymer powder bed ink-jet sintering 3D printing method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Carrying out computer slicing on the three-dimensional model to be printed to obtain the profile information of each layer of section;
(2) Filling polymer powder into a material paving groove, filling ink into an ink box connected with a spray head, filling curing agent into another container connected with the spray head, and preheating a printing bed;
(3) Rolling and paving the material by adopting a roller, and carrying out ink jet by a spray head according to the pattern of the section of the slice;
(4) The nozzle further sprays curing agent according to the pattern of the section of the slice, and the curing agent is cured, bonded and molded;
(5) The printing bed descends for a certain distance, and the operation of the step (3) and the operation of the step (4) are repeated until the printing is finished;
(6) And after the primary surface cleaning treatment is carried out on the workpiece, the workpiece is placed into a microwave treatment device for further microwave curing and molding.
Wherein: the polymer powder is nylon powder with the grain diameter of 300 mu m; the ink is carbon nanotube mixed phenolic resin; the curing agent is a commercial curing agent; the descending distance is 0.3mm; the microwave treatment is radio frequency microwave treatment, the power of the microwave treatment is 1000W, and the treatment time is 150s.
Example 3:
a polymer powder bed ink-jet sintering 3D printing method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Carrying out computer slicing on the three-dimensional model to be printed to obtain the profile information of each layer of section;
(2) Filling polymer powder into a material spreading groove, filling ink into an ink box connected with a spray head, filling a curing agent into another container connected with the spray head, and preheating a printing bed;
(3) Rolling and paving the material by adopting a roller, and carrying out ink jet by a spray head according to the pattern of the section of the slice;
(4) The nozzle further sprays curing agent according to the pattern of the section of the slice, and the curing agent is cured, bonded and molded;
(5) The printing bed descends for a certain distance, and the operation of the step (3) and the step (4) is repeated until the printing is finished;
(6) And after the primary surface cleaning treatment is carried out on the workpiece, the workpiece is placed into a microwave treatment device for further microwave curing and molding.
Wherein: the polymer powder is polypropylene powder with the grain diameter of 250 mu m; the ink is carbon nanotube mixed furan resin; the curing agent is a commercial curing agent; the descending distance is 0.5mm; the microwave treatment is radio frequency microwave treatment, the power of the microwave treatment is 800W, and the treatment time is 180s.
Example 4:
a polymer powder bed ink-jet sintering 3D printing method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Carrying out computer slicing on the three-dimensional model to be printed to obtain the profile information of each layer of section;
(2) Filling polymer powder into a material spreading groove, filling ink into an ink box connected with a spray head, filling a curing agent into another container connected with the spray head, and preheating a printing bed;
(3) Rolling and paving materials by adopting a roller, and carrying out ink jet by a spray head according to the pattern of the section of the slice;
(4) The nozzle further sprays curing agent according to the pattern of the section of the slice, and the curing agent is cured, bonded and molded;
(5) The printing bed descends for a certain distance, and the operation of the step (3) and the step (4) is repeated until the printing is finished;
(6) And after the primary surface cleaning treatment is carried out on the workpiece, the workpiece is placed into a microwave treatment device for further microwave curing and molding.
Wherein: the polymer powder is polystyrene powder with the grain diameter of 50 mu m; the ink is graphene mixed furan resin; the curing agent is a commercial curing agent; the descending distance is 1mm; the microwave treatment is radio frequency microwave treatment, the power is 1500W, and the treatment time is 30s.
Example 5:
a polymer powder bed ink-jet sintering 3D printing method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Carrying out computer slicing on the three-dimensional model to be printed to obtain the profile information of each layer of section;
(2) Filling polymer powder into a material spreading groove, filling ink into an ink box connected with a spray head, filling a curing agent into another container connected with the spray head, and preheating a printing bed;
(3) Rolling and paving the material by adopting a roller, and carrying out ink jet by a spray head according to the pattern of the section of the slice;
(4) The nozzle further sprays curing agent according to the pattern of the section of the slice, and the curing agent is cured, bonded and molded;
(5) The printing bed descends for a certain distance, and the operation of the step (3) and the step (4) is repeated until the printing is finished;
(6) And after the primary surface cleaning treatment is carried out on the workpiece, the workpiece is placed into a microwave treatment device for further microwave curing and molding.
Wherein: the polymer powder is polyether-ether-ketone powder with the particle size of 100 mu m; the ink is graphene mixed phenolic resin; the curing agent is a commercial curing agent; the descending distance is 0.2mm; the microwave treatment is radio frequency microwave treatment with power of 2500W and treatment time of 10s.
Comparative example 1:
A3D printing method of a polymer comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Carrying out computer slicing on the three-dimensional model to be printed to obtain the profile information of each layer of section;
(2) Filling polymer powder into a material spreading groove, filling ink into an ink box connected with a spray head, and preheating a printing bed;
(3) Rolling and spreading materials by adopting a roller, and performing ink-jet bonding molding on a spray head according to the pattern of the section of the slice;
(4) Heating and curing the mixture by adopting near-infrared illumination;
(5) The printing bed descends for a certain distance, and the step (3) and the step (4) are repeated until the printing is finished;
wherein: the polymer powder is polyurethane powder with the grain diameter of 200 mu m; the ink is conductive carbon black mixed furan resin; the near-infrared illumination time is 30s; the drop distance was 0.1mm.
Test example 1
Mechanical property test was performed by printing 1mm thick sample strips under the conditions of example 1 and comparative example 1, respectively, and the time used in the treatment process was recorded, and the results are shown in table 1. And simultaneously scanning the widths of the welding seams of the two groups of samples by an electron microscope, wherein the scanning results are detailed in figures 2 and 3.
TABLE 1 comparison of Properties
According to the results in table 1, the mechanical properties of the final polymer part are improved by about two times by adopting the method of integral bonding molding combined with radio frequency microwave aftertreatment, and the molding time of the integral part is greatly shortened. From the results of fig. 2 and 3, it can be seen that the article prepared by the polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing method of the present invention is subjected to microwave treatment, and the weld width of the sample is greatly reduced, which is only 6.147 μm, which is significantly lower than 192.0 μm of comparative example 1.
In conclusion, the method of forming in one step and combining microwave treatment can avoid the process of near infrared light curing after printing each time, improve the production rate, and greatly improve the mechanical property of the welding seam of the workpiece, which is obtained after the microwave treatment, is smaller than the welding seam cured layer by layer in the prior art.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing, comprising:
(1) Carrying out computer slicing on the three-dimensional model to be printed to obtain the profile information of each layer of section;
(2) Filling polymer powder into a material spreading groove, filling ink into an ink box connected with a spray head, filling a curing agent into another container connected with the spray head, and preheating a printing bed;
(3) Rolling and paving the material by adopting a roller, and carrying out ink jet by a spray head according to the pattern of the section of the slice;
(4) The nozzle further sprays curing agent according to the pattern of the section of the slice, and the curing agent is cured, bonded and molded;
(5) The printing bed descends for a certain distance, and the operation of the step (3) and the step (4) is repeated until the printing is finished;
(6) After the initial surface cleaning treatment is carried out on the workpiece, the workpiece is placed into a microwave treatment device for further microwave curing and molding.
2. The method of polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein:
and (3) the polymer powder in the step (2) is all polymer powder capable of being subjected to 3D printing.
3. The method of polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein:
the polymer powder comprises:
polyurethane powder, polylactic acid powder, polypropylene powder, nylon powder, polyether-ether-ketone powder, ABS powder, polycarbonate powder, polystyrene powder, polycaprolactone powder, polyphenylsulfone powder and polydimethylsiloxane powder.
4. The method of polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing according to claim 2 or 3, wherein:
the particle size of the polymer powder is 5-500 mu m.
5. The method of polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein:
the ink in the step (2) has adhesive capacity and can be rapidly heated under the action of microwaves, and the curing agent is a commercial curing agent.
6. The method of polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing according to claim 5, wherein:
the ink includes:
one or more of carbon material mixed furan resin and carbon material mixed phenolic resin.
7. The method of polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing according to claim 6, wherein:
the carbon material is one or more of carbon nano tube, graphene and conductive carbon black.
8. The method of polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein:
the certain distance in the step (4) is 0.05-1mm.
9. The method of polymer powder bed inkjet sintering 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein:
the microwave treatment in the step (5) comprises the following steps:
performing radio frequency microwave treatment;
the radio frequency microwave power is 800-3000W, and the processing time is 10-300s.
10. An article printed by the method of inkjet sintering 3D printing of a polymer powder bed according to any of claims 1 to 9.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116039078A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-05-02 | 四川大学 | Method for 3D printing of polymer composite material powder bed through inkjet sintering and product thereof |
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| WO2022204423A1 (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-09-29 | Mechnano, Llc | Dispersions and manufacturing technologies for additive manufacturing comprising discrete carbon nanotubes |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015205337A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2015-11-19 | 株式会社木村鋳造所 | Manufacturing method of sand mold for casting |
| RU2015148439A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-16 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Гагарина Ю.А." (СГТУ имени Гагарина Ю.А.) | METHOD FOR FORMING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL PRODUCT IN A MICROWAVE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD |
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| CN116039078A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-05-02 | 四川大学 | Method for 3D printing of polymer composite material powder bed through inkjet sintering and product thereof |
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