CN115740726B - Floating friction stir welding device and method for realizing self-repairing by solid-phase material addition - Google Patents
Floating friction stir welding device and method for realizing self-repairing by solid-phase material addition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A floating friction stir welding device and a method for realizing self-repairing by solid-phase material addition relate to a floating friction stir welding device and a method. The invention aims to solve the problem of reduced yield of welded workpieces caused by the defects of weld thinning, flash, key holes and the like in the friction stir welding process. The device comprises a main shaft, a shaft sleeve, a relative position adjusting mechanism, a sleeve and an additive stirring head; the shaft sleeve is arranged on the upper surface of the relative position adjusting mechanism, the sleeve is arranged on the lower surface of the relative position adjusting mechanism, the upper part of the material adding stirring head is inserted into the lower end of the sleeve from bottom to top, the lower part of the main shaft is inserted into the upper end of the shaft sleeve from top to bottom, and the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with the upper end of the material adding stirring head. The invention belongs to the technical field of solid-phase additive manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a floating friction stir welding device and a floating friction stir welding method, and belongs to the technical field of solid-phase additive manufacturing.
Background
Additive manufacturing technology, also known as 3D printing, is a "bottom-up" process that is implemented by layer-by-layer accumulation of materials. The additive manufacturing process is integrated with a material processing and forming technology, a computer model building technology and the like, and complex construction integrated forming is realized through a program and a numerical control system.
The friction stir welding technology is a solid phase connection technology, and is characterized in that heat generated by friction between a welding tool rotating at a high speed and a workpiece is utilized to enable a material to be welded to be locally melted, when the welding tool moves forwards along a welding interface, the plasticized material flows from the front part to the rear part of the welding tool under the action of rotating friction force of the welding tool, and a compact solid phase welding seam is formed under the extrusion of the welding tool. The method has the advantages of low welding temperature, large plastic deformation, fine structural grains of a welding area, high mechanical property and the like, and is suitable for high-performance connection of light alloy such as aluminum alloy and the like. Meanwhile, compared with the traditional fusion welding technology, the friction stir welding technology has the advantages that defects such as air holes and cracks are avoided, and deformation and residual stress after welding are small. Friction stir welding, however, also has certain limitations: weld thinning, flash, keyhole, hole, etc. As more plastic material is extruded from the two sides of the shaft shoulder under the excessive welding pressure, flash defects are formed on the surface of the welding seam after cooling. The formation of flash defects in turn results in a thinned weld. When the stirring pin is used for lifting out a workpiece after welding, a key hole is formed at the end part of the welding seam, and the welding seam is difficult to repair. Finally, hole defects are formed mainly because insufficient material flow is caused due to insufficient frictional heat input to reach a plasticized state during welding, and thus, a phenomenon that a weld zone is not completely closed is caused. The susceptibility of the joint to cavitation is due to insufficient pin friction, and we often find such defects in the middle lower portion of the advancing side of the joint and near the weld surface. While the holes located near the surface of the weld, which coincide with the welding direction, are also referred to as tunnel-type defects when they extend longer in the length direction of the weld.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of reduced yield of welded workpieces caused by the defects of weld thinning, flash, key holes and the like in the friction stir welding process, and further provides a floating friction stir welding device and a method for realizing self-repairing by solid-phase material addition.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the welding device comprises a main shaft, a shaft sleeve, a relative position adjusting mechanism, a sleeve and an additive stirring head; the shaft sleeve is arranged on the upper surface of the relative position adjusting mechanism, the sleeve is arranged on the lower surface of the relative position adjusting mechanism, the upper part of the material adding stirring head is inserted into the lower end of the sleeve from bottom to top, the lower part of the main shaft is inserted into the upper end of the shaft sleeve from top to bottom, and the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly connected with the upper end of the material adding stirring head.
Further, the relative position adjusting mechanism comprises an upper saddle, a right supporting arm assembly, a connecting rod, a transmission screw rod, a left supporting arm assembly and a lower saddle; the upper saddle and the lower saddle are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the right end of the upper saddle is connected with the right end of the lower saddle through a right supporting arm assembly, the left end of the upper saddle is connected with the left end of the lower saddle through a left supporting arm assembly, the left end of the connecting rod is connected with the left supporting arm assembly, the right end of the transmission screw rod is connected with the right supporting arm assembly, the right end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the left end of the transmission screw rod, the lower surface of the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the upper saddle, and the upper surface of the sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lower saddle.
Further, the relative position adjusting mechanism further comprises a thrust bearing, and the left end of the transmission screw rod is rotationally connected with the right end of the connecting rod through the thrust bearing.
Further, the right support arm assembly comprises a right upper support arm, a right lower support arm and a lead screw nut; the upper end of the right upper supporting arm is rotationally connected with the right end of the upper saddle, the lower end of the right upper supporting arm is rotationally connected with the screw nut, the upper end of the right lower supporting arm is rotationally connected with the screw nut, the lower end of the right lower supporting arm is rotationally connected with the right end of the lower saddle, and the right end of the transmission screw is inserted in the screw nut.
Further, the left support arm assembly comprises a left upper support arm, a left lower support arm and a connecting piece; the upper end of the left upper supporting arm is rotationally connected with the left end of the upper saddle, the lower end of the left upper supporting arm is rotationally connected with the connecting piece, the upper end of the left lower supporting arm is rotationally connected with the connecting piece, and the lower end of the left lower supporting arm is rotationally connected with the left end of the lower saddle.
Further, the sleeve comprises a first positioning platform and a shaft shoulder; the upper end of the shaft shoulder is fixedly connected with the middle part of the lower surface of the first positioning platform into a whole, a material storage cavity penetrating through the upper end face and the lower end face of the shaft shoulder is arranged in the shaft shoulder, a through hole is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the first positioning platform, the through hole is communicated with the material storage cavity, two positioning holes are symmetrically wiped on the upper surface of the first positioning platform, a wire inlet is formed in the outer side wall of the upper end of the shaft shoulder, the wire inlet is communicated with the material storage cavity, and the upper surface of the first positioning platform is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lower saddle.
Further, the material adding stirring head comprises a clamping surface, a second positioning platform, a wire breaking blade, a variable-spacing thread section and a three-milling-plane stirring pin; the clamping surface, the second positioning platform, the wire breaking blade, the variable-pitch thread section and the three-milling-plane stirring needle are sequentially connected into a whole from top to bottom, and the clamping surface is fixedly connected with the lower end of the main shaft.
Further, the three-milling-plane stirring pin is of a three-milling-plane conical pin structure.
The welding method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, feeding a silk-like material-increasing raw material into a sleeve through a silk inlet;
cutting off the material adding raw material by a wire cutting blade, and then stirring, rubbing and conveying the material adding raw material by a variable-pitch screw thread to realize continuous downward movement accumulation;
thirdly, the three-milling plane stirring pin is pricked into a butt joint workpiece at high speed, so that a closed space is formed between the welding line and the shaft shoulder;
step four, under the continuous rotation of the material adding stirring head, the granular material adding raw material is gradually converted into a thermoplastic state under high temperature and high pressure in a sealed sleeve;
step five, performing additive forming on a gap between a thermoplastic additive raw material shaft shoulder and a welding line while an additive stirring head advances along the welding line, so as to repair the inherent defect of thinning friction stir welding and improve the gap tolerance of a butt joint;
step six, when welding is finished, in the process that the main shaft drives the material adding stirring head to move upwards, a relative position adjusting mechanism between the shaft sleeve and the sleeve starts to operate, the motor drives the transmission screw rod to rotate, and further drives the right supporting arm assembly and the left supporting arm assembly to open, and finally, the relative movement of the sleeve and the material adding stirring head is realized, namely, the shaft shoulder and the workpiece keep relatively static;
and seventhly, stopping running the relative position adjusting mechanism when the lower plane of the three-milling-plane stirring pin reaches the horizontal position of the shaft shoulder, and moving upwards along with the main shaft together, and ending the self-repairing welding process.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the method can realize continuous wire feeding, realize continuous additive welding without stopping the machine, and can continuously work for a long time to obtain the welding workpiece with thickened and widened welding seams, and simultaneously, the method can repair holes and cracks easily generated in the traditional friction stir welding, thereby ensuring the yield, greatly improving the production efficiency and having good economic applicability;
2. according to the method, through filler wire type material-increasing welding, the reduction of a welding line caused by flash due to excessive shaft shoulder pressure and the repair of a residual keyhole caused by extraction of a stirring needle in the stirring friction welding process are realized, the geometric mutation of a welding line structure is reduced, and the stress concentration is reduced, so that the mechanical property and the fatigue strength of the welding line are comprehensively improved;
3. the method can improve the gap tolerance of the butt joint, reduce the requirement of surface treatment before welding, overcome the inherent limitation of the existing friction stir welding technology, widen the application range of the friction stir welding technology and improve the production efficiency;
4. the invention has wide application range and can be applied to butt joint, lap joint and the like of various metals and alloys; meanwhile, the design of a plurality of wire feeding channels on the wire feeding device can realize synchronous continuous wire feeding from homogeneous wire materials to heterogeneous wire materials, and can design a solid-phase additive manufacturing forming piece with integrated structure and component functions;
5. the invention adopts the thread cutting blade to match with the variable-spacing thread structure, can realize the process of crushing, extruding and conveying the welding wire from the solid phase to the thermoplastic state, and does not form liquid phase.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the left and right support arm assemblies;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the left and right support arm assemblies;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the connecting structure of the connecting rod and the drive screw;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the sleeve;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an additive stirring head.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, the floating friction stir welding device for realizing self-repairing of solid phase additive according to the present embodiment includes a main shaft 1, a shaft sleeve 2, a relative position adjusting mechanism, a sleeve 8 and an additive stirring head 9; the shaft sleeve 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the relative position adjusting mechanism, the sleeve 8 is arranged on the lower surface of the relative position adjusting mechanism, the upper part of the material adding stirring head 9 is inserted into the lower end of the sleeve 8 from bottom to top, the lower part of the main shaft 1 is inserted into the upper end of the shaft sleeve 2 from top to bottom, and the lower end of the main shaft 1 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the material adding stirring head 9.
The relative position adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the relative position of the shaft sleeve and the sleeve, and the adjusting process is as follows: the motor drives the transmission screw rod 6 to rotate, the screw nut 403 moves leftwards under the transmission of the transmission screw rod 6, the upper right supporting arm 401 and the lower right supporting arm 402 are opened, meanwhile, the connecting piece 703 is pulled to move rightwards under the action of the connecting rod 5, the upper left supporting arm 701 and the lower left supporting arm 702 are simultaneously opened, the relative movement of the upper saddle 3 and the lower saddle 11 is realized, the relative movement of the shaft sleeve 2 and the sleeve 8 is further realized, and finally, the relative rest of the shaft shoulder and the workpiece is ensured.
The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1 to 4, the relative position adjusting mechanism of the floating friction stir welding device for realizing self-repairing by using solid phase additive according to the present embodiment includes an upper saddle 3, a right support arm assembly 4, a connecting rod 5, a transmission screw 6, a left support arm assembly 7 and a lower saddle 11; the upper saddle 3 and the lower saddle 11 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the right end of the upper saddle 3 is connected with the right end of the lower saddle 11 through a right supporting arm assembly 4, the left end of the upper saddle 3 is connected with the left end of the lower saddle 11 through a left supporting arm assembly 7, the left end of a connecting rod 5 is connected with the left supporting arm assembly 7, the right end of a transmission screw 6 is connected with the right supporting arm assembly 4, the right end of the connecting rod 5 is rotationally connected with the left end of the transmission screw 6, the lower surface of a shaft sleeve 2 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the upper saddle 3, and the upper surface of a sleeve 8 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lower saddle 11. The initial position of the transmission screw rod 6 corresponds to the initial position of height adjustment, the length is 10-50 mm, the teeth of the transmission screw rod 6 are in a zigzag shape and are not limited to a trapezoid shape, a triangle shape and a rectangle shape, meanwhile, the transmission screw rod 6 is not limited to a right-handed thread, and the up-and-down movement of the adjusting mechanism can be controlled according to the rotation direction of a motor shaft. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the first embodiment.
And a third specific embodiment: referring to fig. 1 to 4, the relative position adjusting mechanism of the floating friction stir welding device for realizing self-repairing by using solid phase additive according to the present embodiment further includes a thrust bearing 10, and the left end of the driving screw 6 is rotatably connected with the right end of the connecting rod 5 through the thrust bearing 10. The starting position of the drive screw 6 corresponds to the starting and ending position of the height adjustment to avoid the damage of the mechanism caused by overadjustment, wherein the length of the square hole 502 of the connecting rod 5 corresponds to the starting and ending position of the main shaft 1 during the height adjustment.
In this embodiment, the right end of the connecting rod 5 is provided with a square hole 502, the left end of the driving screw 6 is inserted into the square hole 502 from right to left, the left end of the driving screw 6 is fixedly connected with an end cover 602, the thrust bearing 10 is sleeved at the left end of the driving screw 6, and the thrust bearing 10 is located between the end cover 602 and the inner wall of the square hole 502.
Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the second embodiment.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: referring to fig. 1 to 4, a right support arm assembly 4 of a floating friction stir welding device for performing self-repairing with solid phase additive according to the present embodiment includes an upper right support arm 401, a lower right support arm 402, and a screw nut 403; the upper end of the upper right support arm 401 is rotationally connected with the right end of the upper saddle 3, the lower end of the upper right support arm 401 is rotationally connected with the screw nut 403, the upper end of the lower right support arm 402 is rotationally connected with the screw nut 403, the lower end 402 of the lower right support arm 402 is rotationally connected with the right end of the lower saddle 11, and the right end of the transmission screw 6 is inserted in the screw nut 403.
The screw thread 601 on the driving screw 6 is in screw fit with the screw nut 403, so that the driving screw 6 drives the screw nut 40. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the second embodiment.
Fifth embodiment: referring to fig. 1 to 4, a left support arm assembly 7 of a floating friction stir welding device for performing self-repairing with solid phase additive according to the present embodiment includes an upper left support arm 701, a lower left support arm 702, and a connecting member 703; the upper end of the upper left support arm 701 is rotatably connected to the left end of the upper saddle 3, the lower end of the upper left support arm 701 is rotatably connected to the connecting member 703, the upper end of the lower left support arm 702 is rotatably connected to the connecting member 703, and the lower end of the lower left support arm 702 is rotatably connected to the left end of the lower saddle 11.
In this embodiment, the left end of the connecting rod 5 is provided with a limiting end cap 501, and the limiting end cap 501 is located at the outer side of the connecting piece 703 to prevent the connecting rod 5 from slipping out of the connecting piece 703. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the second embodiment.
Specific embodiment six: referring to fig. 1, 5 and 6 for describing the present embodiment, a sleeve 8 of a floating friction stir welding device for implementing self-repairing by solid phase additive according to the present embodiment includes a first positioning platform 801 and a shaft shoulder 805; the upper end of the shaft shoulder 805 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the lower surface of the first positioning platform 801 into a whole, a material storage cavity 803 penetrating through the upper end face and the lower end face of the shaft shoulder 805 is arranged in the shaft shoulder 805, a through hole is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the first positioning platform 801 and communicated with the material storage cavity 803, the upper surface of the first positioning platform 801 is symmetrically provided with two positioning holes 802, the outer side wall of the upper end of the shaft shoulder 805 is provided with a wire inlet 804, the wire inlet 804 is communicated with the material storage cavity 803, and the upper surface of the first positioning platform 801 is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lower saddle 11. The number of the wire inlets 804 is at least one, and by adopting a plurality of wire inlets 804, high-efficiency additive welding can be realized, and simultaneous additive welding of different materials can be realized. The first positioning platform 801 is matched with the shaft shoulder 805 as a reference plane to realize the sealing of the broken wire space, thereby avoiding the overflow of broken welding wires. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the first or second embodiment.
Seventh embodiment: referring to fig. 1 and 7, an additive stirring head 9 of a floating friction stir welding device for realizing self-repairing of solid phase additive according to the present embodiment includes a clamping surface 901, a second positioning platform 902, a wire breaking blade 903, a variable pitch thread section 904 and a three-milling-plane stirring pin 905; the clamping surface 901, the second positioning platform 902, the wire breaking blade 903, the variable-pitch thread section 904 and the three-milling-plane stirring pin 905 are sequentially connected into a whole from top to bottom, and the clamping surface 901 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the main shaft 1. The direction of travel of the variable pitch threads 904 is downward to achieve accumulation and thermoplasticization of the additive material, with clockwise rotating right-handed threads. The upper end of the clamping surface 901 is provided with a positioning plane which is processed and manufactured according to the clamping requirement of the stirring friction welder handle.
The three-milling plane stirring pin 905 is pricked into a workpiece to be welded in a high-speed rotating state, and the shaft shoulder is contacted with the surface of the workpiece, wherein the rotating speed is 500 rpm-5000 rpm; feeding the filiform material into an additive stirring head 9 at a feeding speed 1-5 times of the advancing speed of the material; the wire-shaped material is firstly broken by a wire-breaking blade 903 after entering the sleeve 8, then is subjected to friction stir and transmission by a variable-pitch thread 904, achieves a thermoplastic state in the storage cavity 803, simultaneously withdraws a shaft shoulder by 0.3-3 mm through a relative position adjusting mechanism, and then the material-adding stirring head 9 starts to weld; in the welding process, the advancing speed of the material adding stirring head 9 is 10 mm/min-100 mm/min, and thermoplastic material adding materials are uniformly molded on the surface of a welding line under the pressure action of a shaft shoulder.
Other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the first or second embodiment.
Eighth embodiment: referring to fig. 1 and 7, a description is given of a three-milling-plane stirring pin 905 of a floating friction stir welding device for realizing self-repairing of solid phase additive according to the present embodiment, which is a three-milling-plane conical pin structure. By adopting the design, the plastic flow of the material can be effectively promoted, and the weld joint is formed well without defects. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those of the seventh embodiment.
Detailed description nine: referring to fig. 1 to 7, a floating friction stir welding method for realizing self-repairing by solid phase additive according to the present embodiment is realized by the following steps:
step one, feeding a silk-like additive raw material into the sleeve 8 through a silk inlet 804;
step two, cutting off the additive raw material by a wire cutting blade 903, and then stirring, rubbing and conveying the additive raw material by a variable-pitch thread 904 to realize continuous downward movement accumulation;
step three, a three-milling plane stirring pin 905 is rotated at a high speed and is pricked into a butt joint workpiece, so that a closed space is formed between a welding line and a shaft shoulder;
step four, under the continuous rotation of the additive stirring head 9, the granular additive raw materials are gradually converted into a thermoplastic state under high temperature and high pressure in the airtight sleeve 8;
step five, while the material adding stirring head 9 advances along the welding seam, the gap between the thermoplastic material adding shaft shoulder and the welding seam is formed in an additive mode, so that the inherent defect of thinning friction stir welding is repaired, and the gap tolerance of the butt joint is improved;
step six, when welding is finished, in the process that the main shaft 1 drives the additive stirring head 9 to move upwards, a relative position adjusting mechanism between the shaft sleeve 2 and the sleeve 8 starts to operate, the motor drives the transmission screw rod 6 to rotate, and further drives the right supporting arm assembly 4 and the left supporting arm assembly 7 to open, so that the relative movement between the sleeve 8 and the additive stirring head 9 is finally realized, namely, the shaft shoulder and the workpiece keep relatively static;
and step seven, when the lower plane of the three-milling-plane stirring pin 905 reaches the horizontal position of the shaft shoulder, the relative position adjusting mechanism stops running and moves upwards together with the main shaft 1, and the self-repairing welding process is finished.
The material of the wire-shaped additive material in the embodiment includes, but is not limited to, low-melting-point light alloy such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and the like.
In the embodiment, the root plane of the three-milling-plane stirring pin 905 is coplanar with the bottom of the shaft shoulder, so that the control on the thinning of the welding line can be realized in the welding process, and meanwhile, the thickening and widening of the welding line can be further realized by adjusting the position of the shaft shoulder.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other embodiments, such as those described above, of making various modifications and equivalents will fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A solid phase material-adding realizes self-repairing floating friction stir welding device which is characterized in that: the floating friction stir welding device for realizing self-repairing of solid-phase material addition comprises a main shaft (1), a shaft sleeve (2), a relative position adjusting mechanism, a sleeve (8) and an material addition stirring head (9); the shaft sleeve (2) is arranged on the upper surface of the relative position adjusting mechanism, the sleeve (8) is arranged on the lower surface of the relative position adjusting mechanism, the upper part of the material adding stirring head (9) is inserted into the lower end of the sleeve (8) from bottom to top, the lower part of the main shaft (1) is inserted into the upper end of the shaft sleeve (2) from top to bottom, and the lower end of the main shaft (1) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the material adding stirring head (9); the relative position adjusting mechanism comprises an upper saddle (3), a right supporting arm assembly (4), a connecting rod (5), a transmission screw (6), a left supporting arm assembly (7) and a lower saddle (11); the upper saddle (3) and the lower saddle (11) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the right end of the upper saddle (3) is connected with the right end of the lower saddle (11) through a right supporting arm assembly (4), the left end of the upper saddle (3) is connected with the left end of the lower saddle (11) through a left supporting arm assembly (7), the left end of the connecting rod (5) is connected with the left supporting arm assembly (7), the right end of the transmission screw (6) is connected with the right supporting arm assembly (4), the right end of the connecting rod (5) is rotationally connected with the left end of the transmission screw (6), the lower surface of the shaft sleeve (2) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the upper saddle (3), and the upper surface of the sleeve (8) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lower saddle (11).
2. The floating friction stir welding device for achieving self-repairing by solid phase additive according to claim 1, wherein the floating friction stir welding device is characterized in that: the relative position adjusting mechanism further comprises a thrust bearing (10), and the left end of the transmission screw rod (6) is rotationally connected with the right end of the connecting rod (5) through the thrust bearing (10).
3. The floating friction stir welding device for achieving self-repairing by solid phase additive according to claim 1, wherein the floating friction stir welding device is characterized in that: the right support arm assembly (4) comprises a right upper support arm (401), a right lower support arm (402) and a screw nut (403); the upper end of the right upper supporting arm (401) is rotationally connected with the right end of the upper saddle (3), the lower end of the right upper supporting arm (401) is rotationally connected with the screw nut (403), the upper end of the right lower supporting arm (402) is rotationally connected with the screw nut (403), the lower end of the right lower supporting arm (402) is rotationally connected with the right end of the lower saddle (11), and the right end of the transmission screw (6) is inserted in the screw nut (403).
4. The floating friction stir welding device for achieving self-repairing by solid phase additive according to claim 1, wherein the floating friction stir welding device is characterized in that: the left support arm assembly (7) comprises a left upper support arm (701), a left lower support arm (702) and a connecting piece (703); the upper end of the left upper supporting arm (701) is rotationally connected with the left end of the upper saddle (3), the lower end of the left upper supporting arm (701) is rotationally connected with the connecting piece (703), the upper end of the left lower supporting arm (702) is rotationally connected with the connecting piece (703), and the lower end of the left lower supporting arm (702) is rotationally connected with the left end of the lower saddle (11).
5. The floating friction stir welding device for achieving self-repairing by solid phase additive according to claim 1, wherein the floating friction stir welding device is characterized in that: the sleeve (8) comprises a first positioning platform (801) and a shaft shoulder (805); the upper end of shaft shoulder (805) and the middle part fixed connection of first location platform (801) lower surface become integrative, are equipped with in shaft shoulder (805) and run through storage chamber (803) of shaft shoulder (805) up end and lower terminal surface, and open at the middle part of first location platform (801) upper surface has the through-hole, the through-hole communicates with storage chamber (803), and open the upper surface symmetry of first location platform (801) has two locating holes (802), and the lateral wall of shaft shoulder (805) upper end is equipped with into silk mouth (804), and advances silk mouth (804) and storage chamber (803) intercommunication, the upper surface of first location platform (801) and the lower fixed surface of saddle (11) down are connected.
6. The floating friction stir welding device for achieving self-repairing by solid phase additive according to claim 1, wherein the floating friction stir welding device is characterized in that: the material adding stirring head (9) comprises a clamping surface (901), a second positioning platform (902), a wire breaking blade (903), a variable-pitch thread section (904) and a three-milling-plane stirring pin (905); the clamping surface (901), the second positioning platform (902), the wire breaking blade (903), the variable-pitch thread section (904) and the three-milling-plane stirring needle (905) are sequentially connected into a whole from top to bottom, and the clamping surface (901) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the main shaft (1).
7. The solid phase additive self-repairing floating friction stir welding device according to claim 6, wherein: the three-milling-plane stirring pin (905) is a three-milling-plane conical pin structure.
8. A floating friction stir welding method for realizing self-repairing by solid phase material addition is characterized in that: a floating friction stir welding device for realizing self-repairing of solid-phase material addition comprises a main shaft (1), a shaft sleeve (2), a relative position adjusting mechanism, a sleeve (8) and an material addition stirring head (9); the shaft sleeve (2) is arranged on the upper surface of the relative position adjusting mechanism, the sleeve (8) is arranged on the lower surface of the relative position adjusting mechanism, the upper part of the material adding stirring head (9) is inserted into the lower end of the sleeve (8) from bottom to top, the lower part of the main shaft (1) is inserted into the upper end of the shaft sleeve (2) from top to bottom, and the lower end of the main shaft (1) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the material adding stirring head (9); the relative position adjusting mechanism comprises an upper saddle (3), a right supporting arm assembly (4), a connecting rod (5), a transmission screw (6), a left supporting arm assembly (7) and a lower saddle (11); the upper saddle (3) and the lower saddle (11) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the right end of the upper saddle (3) is connected with the right end of the lower saddle (11) through a right supporting arm assembly (4), the left end of the upper saddle (3) is connected with the left end of the lower saddle (11) through a left supporting arm assembly (7), the left end of the connecting rod (5) is connected with the left supporting arm assembly (7), the right end of the transmission screw (6) is connected with the right supporting arm assembly (4), the right end of the connecting rod (5) is rotationally connected with the left end of the transmission screw (6), the lower surface of the shaft sleeve (2) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the upper saddle (3), and the upper surface of the sleeve (8) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lower saddle (11);
the relative position adjusting mechanism further comprises a thrust bearing (10), and the left end of the transmission screw rod (6) is rotationally connected with the right end of the connecting rod (5) through the thrust bearing (10);
the right support arm assembly (4) comprises a right upper support arm (401), a right lower support arm (402) and a screw nut (403); the upper end of the right upper supporting arm (401) is rotationally connected with the right end of the upper saddle (3), the lower end of the right upper supporting arm (401) is rotationally connected with the screw nut (403), the upper end of the right lower supporting arm (402) is rotationally connected with the screw nut (403), the lower end of the right lower supporting arm (402) is rotationally connected with the right end of the lower saddle (11), and the right end of the transmission screw (6) is inserted in the screw nut (403);
the left support arm assembly (7) comprises a left upper support arm (701), a left lower support arm (702) and a connecting piece (703); the upper end of the left upper supporting arm (701) is rotationally connected with the left end of the upper saddle (3), the lower end of the left upper supporting arm (701) is rotationally connected with the connecting piece (703), the upper end of the left lower supporting arm (702) is rotationally connected with the connecting piece (703), and the lower end of the left lower supporting arm (702) is rotationally connected with the left end of the lower saddle (11);
the sleeve (8) comprises a first positioning platform (801) and a shaft shoulder (805); the upper end of the shaft shoulder (805) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the lower surface of the first positioning platform (801) into a whole, a material storage cavity (803) penetrating through the upper end face and the lower end face of the shaft shoulder (805) is arranged in the shaft shoulder (805), a through hole is formed in the middle part of the upper surface of the first positioning platform (801), the through hole is communicated with the material storage cavity (803), two positioning holes (802) are symmetrically formed in the upper surface of the first positioning platform (801), a wire inlet (804) is formed in the outer side wall of the upper end of the shaft shoulder (805), the wire inlet (804) is communicated with the material storage cavity (803), and the upper surface of the first positioning platform (801) is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the lower saddle (11);
the material adding stirring head (9) comprises a clamping surface (901), a second positioning platform (902), a wire breaking blade (903), a variable-pitch thread section (904) and a three-milling-plane stirring pin (905); the clamping surface (901), the second positioning platform (902), the wire breaking blade (903), the variable-pitch thread section (904) and the three-milling-plane stirring pin (905) are sequentially connected into a whole from top to bottom, and the clamping surface (901) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the main shaft (1);
the three-milling-plane stirring pin (905) is of a three-milling-plane conical pin structure;
the floating friction stir welding method for realizing self-repairing by solid phase material addition is realized by the following steps:
step one, feeding a silk-like additive raw material into a sleeve (8) through a silk inlet (804);
step two, cutting off the material adding raw materials by a wire cutting blade (903), and then stirring, rubbing and conveying the material adding raw materials by a variable-pitch thread section (904) to realize continuous downward movement accumulation;
thirdly, a three-milling plane stirring pin (905) is rotated at a high speed and is pricked into a butt joint workpiece, so that a closed space is formed between a welding line and a shaft shoulder;
step four, under the continuous rotation of the material adding stirring head (9), the granular material adding raw materials are gradually transformed into a thermoplastic state under high temperature and high pressure in the airtight sleeve (8);
step five, performing additive forming on a gap between a thermoplastic additive raw material shaft shoulder and a welding line while an additive stirring head (9) advances along the welding line, so as to repair the inherent defect of thinning friction stir welding and improve the gap tolerance of a butt joint;
step six, when welding is finished, in the process that the main shaft (1) drives the additive stirring head (9) to move upwards, a relative position adjusting mechanism between the shaft sleeve (2) and the sleeve (8) starts to operate, the motor drives the transmission screw rod (6) to rotate, and then drives the right supporting arm assembly (4) and the left supporting arm assembly (7) to open, so that the relative movement of the sleeve (8) and the additive stirring head (9) is finally realized, namely, the shaft shoulder and the workpiece keep relatively static;
and seventhly, stopping the operation of the relative position adjusting mechanism when the lower plane of the three-milling plane stirring pin (905) reaches the horizontal position of the shaft shoulder, and moving upwards together with the main shaft (1) to finish the self-repairing welding process.
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| CN202211407519.2A CN115740726B (en) | 2022-11-10 | 2022-11-10 | Floating friction stir welding device and method for realizing self-repairing by solid-phase material addition |
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| CN202211407519.2A CN115740726B (en) | 2022-11-10 | 2022-11-10 | Floating friction stir welding device and method for realizing self-repairing by solid-phase material addition |
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| EP2881210B1 (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2020-04-08 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Welding tool used for double-acting type friction stir welding or double-acting type friction stir spot welding, and welding device using same |
| CN109048044B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏科技大学 | Stirring head for eliminating keyhole of friction stir welding |
| CN109604809A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-12 | 湖南坤鼎数控科技有限公司 | A kind of automatic pumpback stirring-head |
| CN211028537U (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-07-17 | 安徽理工大学 | Friction stir welding stirring head with size-adjustable conical shaft shoulder |
| CN213646302U (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-07-09 | 昆山哈工万洲焊接研究院有限公司 | Welding tool capable of simultaneously realizing lap joint and friction stir tunnel forming |
| CN112958902A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-15 | 山东大学 | Wire-filling static shaft shoulder friction stir welding and material increase manufacturing device and method |
| CN215034447U (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-12-07 | 上海恩耀机电有限公司 | Friction stir welding stirring head |
| CN114799480A (en) * | 2022-04-23 | 2022-07-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Synchronous uninterrupted wire feeding all-solid-phase friction stir additive manufacturing method and device |
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