CN115739008A - Process and preparation system for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud - Google Patents
Process and preparation system for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN115739008A CN115739008A CN202211571418.9A CN202211571418A CN115739008A CN 115739008 A CN115739008 A CN 115739008A CN 202211571418 A CN202211571418 A CN 202211571418A CN 115739008 A CN115739008 A CN 115739008A
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- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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Abstract
A process and a preparation system for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud belong to the technical field of preparing adsorbent by activating red mud. The specific surface area of the red mud is only 50 to 80 m even after the red mud is soaked and activated in an acid solution 2 In g, pore size distribution>The range of 100 μm cannot meet the requirements of the adsorbent. The invention is characterized in that fluidized red mud dry materials are activated by atomized acid liquor and screened to obtain fine materials, namely VOCs adsorbent; wherein the particle size of the atomized acid liquid is 2 to 50nm. The red mud-based VOCs adsorbent powder produced by the method has good physical adsorption effect on VOCs, large specific surface area and total pore volume, and appropriate pore structure scale, can effectively digest red mud and greatly improve the red mud-based VOCs adsorbentAnd (4) a production mode.
Description
Technical Field
A process and a preparation system for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud belong to the technical field of preparing adsorbent by activating red mud.
Background
At the present stage, the disposal of the red mud is mainly damming and stockpiling, the comprehensive utilization rate is very low, a large amount of land is occupied, the pollution of earth surface and underground water, the alkalization of soil and the like can be caused, and the environment is seriously damaged. Therefore, the development of a large-scale digestion and resource utilization technology of the red mud is urgent. The common comprehensive utilization mode of the red mud is as follows: the discharged red mud is subjected to appropriate post-treatment (such as acid washing, water washing, dealkalization and the like) to realize the upgrading of the red mud, and environmental functional materials or mechanical structural materials with higher application values, such as adsorbents, catalysts, building materials and the like, are obtained. The development of the red mud-based adsorbent is widely concerned due to the natural pore structure in the red mud, and the adsorbent material applied to purifying macromolecular pollutants and heavy metals in water bodies can be obtained through simple pickling activation post-treatment. Besides water body pollution, industrial flue gas treatment (such as cement industry, coal-fired power plants, chemical plants and the like) also has wide application prospect and huge market demand.
Common pollutants (NO) in flue gas x 、SO 2 Etc.) is an important development direction, and compared with the conventional pollutants with mature control methods, the development of high-performance adsorbents for VOCs is a hot spot of research. However, the red mud-based adsorbent has been reported in the field of removal of gas pollutants.
The analysis reason shows that the specific surface area of the red mud is only 50 to 80 m even after the red mud is soaked and activated in an acid solution 2 In g, pore size distribution>100. A range of μm. Early stage researchIt is shown that, taking the adsorption of benzene-based VOCs as an example, the effective pore size of the adsorbent should be in the range of 1-100 nm. Obviously, the pore size obtained after the acid leaching and activation of the red mud is far larger than the effective pore size, and the alkaline components in the VOCs and most of VOCs molecules (such as benzene, dichloromethane and the like) are difficult to perform absorption reaction, so that the application of the red mud-based adsorbent obtained by the traditional activation method in the field of VOCs adsorption and removal is limited due to the two factors. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop a fine activation method of red mud, which creates nano-submicron pores inside the red mud solid to enhance the adsorption performance of the red mud solid on the gas pollutants VOCs.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a process and a preparation system for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud with high specific surface area and proper pore size.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud is characterized by comprising the following steps: activating fluidized red mud dry materials by atomized acid liquor, and screening to obtain fine materials, namely VOCs (volatile organic compounds) adsorbent;
wherein the grain diameter of the atomized acid liquid is 2 to 50nm.
According to the invention, the VOCs adsorbent is prepared by specifically atomizing the acid liquor and activating the red mud, the atomized acid liquor can effectively etch micropores and mesopores which are just combined with physical adsorption of VOCs on the surface of the red mud dry material, and the total pore volume reaches 0.2-0.8 cm 3 The specific surface area is 300 to 800 m 2 And/g, the dimension of the pore structure is less than 50nm, the mesopores are 2 to 50nm, and the VOCs adsorbent with large specific surface area and high effective pore canal content can be obtained.
Preferably, the particle size of the atomized acid liquid is 20 to 30nm.
The fog particles with the preferred particle size have the best activation effect on the red mud, the largest specific surface area and the most suitable pore size.
Preferably, the acid liquid is atomized by ultrasonic waves, the oscillation frequency of the ultrasonic atomization is 1.7 MHz-2.4 MHz, and the power of the ultrasonic generator is 30-50kW.
The optimized ultrasonic wave condition can ensure that the atomized particle size of the acid liquor is in the required particle size range, and has the best activation effect on the red mud.
Preferably, the concentration of the substance in the acid solution is 0.05 to 0.1mol/L.
Preferably, the acid solution is a nitric acid solution.
The nitric acid is matched with the above technological conditions, and has the best activation effect.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the acid liquor supply amount to the red mud dry material is 9 to 11:1.
further preferably, the weight ratio of the acid liquor supply amount to the red mud dry material is 10:1.
the optimal acid liquor condition ensures that the red mud is fully activated by the acid liquor, avoids excessive etching of the acid liquor and ensures the effective pore canal content in the VOCs adsorbent.
Preferably, the activation is that atomized acid liquor is coated on the surface of the red mud dry material.
More preferably, the activation is carried out at 70 to 250 ℃ for 2 to 5min.
Preferably, the fluidization adopts gas phase fluidization, and the air blowing speed is 4-10m/s.
A system for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud is characterized in that: comprises a drying device, an ultrasonic atomizer, a fluidized bed, a cyclone separator and a sieving machine; the drying device is communicated with the ultrasonic atomizer, a fine particle discharge port of the fluidized bed is connected to the cyclone separator, and a coarse particle outlet of the fluidized bed is connected to the sieving machine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the VOCs adsorbent is prepared by specifically atomizing the acid liquor and activating the red mud, the atomized acid liquor can effectively etch micropores and mesopores which are just combined with physical adsorption of VOCs on the surface of the red mud dry material, and the total pore volume reaches 0.2-0.8 cm 3 The specific surface area is 300 to 800 m 2 And/g, the dimension of the pore structure is less than 50nm, the mesopores are 2 to 50nm, and the VOCs adsorbent with large specific surface area and high effective pore canal content can be obtained. VOC (volatile organic compounds) adsorbent powder prepared from red mud-based VOCs by adopting methodThe method has the advantages of good physical adsorption effect, large specific surface area, large total pore volume and proper pore structure and scale, and can effectively digest the red mud and greatly improve the production mode of the red mud-based VOCs adsorbent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for preparing a VOCs adsorbent from red mud.
Wherein, 1, a rotary kiln; 2. a screw feeder; 3. a fluidized bed; 4. a cyclone separator; 5. a tail gas processor; 6. a bag-type dust collector; 7. an exhaust fan; 8. screening machine; 9. a wind distribution plate; 10. a nozzle; 11. a liquid delivery pipeline; 12. an ultrasonic atomizer; 13. a heater; 14. an air supply fan.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, in which example 1 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The following examples, which are not specifically illustrated, all employ a system for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud.
Referring to figure 1: the system for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud comprises a rotary kiln 1, a spiral feeder 2, a fluidized bed 3, a cyclone separator 4, a tail gas processor 5, a bag-type dust remover 6, an exhaust fan 7, a screening machine 8, an air distribution plate 9, a nozzle 10, a liquid feeding pipeline 11, an ultrasonic atomizer 12, a heater 13 and an air supply fan 14.
The rotary kiln 1 is connected into the fluidized bed 3 through the spiral feeder 2, a fine grain discharge port on the upper part of the fluidized bed 3 is connected with the cyclone separator 4, a fine grain discharge port of the cyclone separator 4 is connected with the tail gas processor 5 and then communicated with the bag-type dust collector 6, and the bag-type dust collector 6 is connected with the exhaust fan 7. The lower fine particle outlet of the fluidized bed 3 is connected to a sifter 8.
The bottom of the fluidized bed 3 is provided with an air distribution plate 9, and an air supply fan 14 supplies air to the air distribution plate 9 after heating air through a heater 13, so that gas phase in the fluidized bed 3 is fluidized.
The ultrasonic atomizer 12 atomizes the acid liquor, and then the atomized acid liquor is sent to the nozzle 10 in the fluidized bed 3 through the liquid sending pipeline 11 to be sprayed out, so as to activate the acid liquor for the red mud dry materials in the fluidized bed 3.
The red mud is dried by a rotary kiln 1 and then enters a fluidized bed 3 in a dry material mode, the activated red mud enters a cyclone separator 4 from a fine particle discharge port at the upper part of the fluidized bed 3, the fine particle materials with the required particle size are separated to obtain a finished product, the coarse particle materials sent out from a coarse particle discharge port at the lower part of the fluidized bed 3 enter a sieving machine 8 for sieving, and the fine powder is sieved and collected to obtain the finished product. And recycling the coarse grains obtained by the cyclone separator 4 and the sieving machine 8.
Example 1
A process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud comprises the following steps:
1) Drying the red mud in a rotary kiln 1, feeding the dried red mud into a fluidized bed, and fluidizing the red mud by air with the temperature of 200 ℃ and the air speed of 7 m/s; the temperature of the fluidized bed 3 is controlled to be 100 ℃, and fluidized red mud dry materials are obtained.
2) 0.08mol/L nitric acid is atomized to the particle size of 20 to 30nm by an ultrasonic atomizer 12, sprayed out in a fluidized bed 3 through a nozzle 10, coated on the surface of red mud, and used for activating the red mud; the oscillation frequency of the ultrasonic atomizer 12 is 2MHz, and the power is 40kW; the weight ratio of the acid liquor supply amount to the red mud dry material is 10:1.
3) After activation for 5min, a fine particle discharge port at the upper part of the fluidized bed 3 is subjected to separation treatment to obtain a fine particle VOCs adsorbent finished product; and (4) screening and separating a coarse grain discharge port at the lower part of the fluidized bed 3 to obtain a finished product of the fine grain VOCs adsorbent, and recycling the rest coarse grains.
Example 2
On the basis of example 1, the temperature of fluidizing gas in step 1) is 100 ℃, the air speed is 10m/s, the temperature of the fluidizing gas is controlled to be 80 ℃, the concentration of nitric acid in step 2) is set to be 0.05mol/L, and the weight ratio of the acid liquid supply amount to the red mud dry material is 11:1, other conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 3
On the basis of example 1, the temperature of fluidizing gas in step 1) is 300 ℃, the wind speed is 4m/s, the temperature of the fluidized bed is controlled to be 250 ℃, the concentration of nitric acid in step 2) is set to be 0.1mol/L, and the weight ratio of the acid liquor supply amount to the red mud dry material is 9:1, other conditions were the same as in example 1.
Example 4
A process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud is based on example 1, and comprises the steps of 2) setting the oscillation frequency of an ultrasonic atomizer 12 to be 2.4MHz, setting the power to be 50kW, setting the particle size of atomized particles of acid liquor to be 2-10nm, and setting other conditions to be the same as example 1.
Example 5
A process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud is based on example 1, and comprises the step 2) of setting the oscillation frequency of an ultrasonic atomizer 12 to be 1.7MHz, setting the power to be 30kW, setting the particle size of acid liquor mist particles to be 40-50nm, and setting other conditions to be the same as those in example 1.
Example 6
A process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud is based on example 1, nitric acid in step 2) is replaced by hydrochloric acid, and other conditions are the same as those in example 1.
Comparative example 1
On the basis of example 1, the red mud dry material obtained in step 1) is subjected to normal-temperature impregnation and activation by using 0.05mol/L nitric acid solution, the reaction time is 2min, excessive impregnation is performed, and after the reaction is finished, washing, drying and screening are performed to obtain a finished product of the VOCs adsorbent.
Comparative example 2
A process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud is based on example 1, and comprises the steps of 1) adopting 0.05mol/L nitric acid solution in acid liquor in step 2), setting the oscillation frequency of an ultrasonic atomizer 12 to be 1.5MHz, setting the power to be 20kW, setting the particle size of mist particles of the acid liquor to be 60-70nm, and keeping the other conditions the same as example 1.
Comparative example 3
A process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud is based on comparative example 2, wherein 0.2mol/L nitric acid solution is adopted in acid liquid in step 2), and other conditions are the same as those in comparative example 2.
Comparative example 4
A process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud is based on example 1, and comprises the steps of 1), using 0.05mol/L nitric acid solution as acid liquid in step 2), setting oscillation frequency of an ultrasonic atomizer 12 to be 2.7MHz, setting power to be 55kW, setting particle size of mist particles of the acid liquid to be 1-1.5 nm, and keeping other conditions the same as example 1.
Performance testing
VOCs adsorbent finished product obtained from the above examples and comparative examplesWarp of N 2 Physical adsorption analysis was performed for performance testing.
The results of the performance testing are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 results of performance testing
According to the performance test results, the VOCs adsorbent prepared from the red mud has the advantages of larger specific surface area, large pore volume, proper pore structure and stronger adsorption effect, and the adsorption capacity can meet the requirements of the VOCs adsorbent in example 1.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud is characterized by comprising the following steps: activating fluidized red mud dry materials by atomized acid liquor, and screening to obtain fine materials, namely VOCs (volatile organic compounds) adsorbent;
wherein the particle size of the atomized acid liquid is 2 to 50nm.
2. The process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle size of the atomized acid liquid is 20 to 30nm.
3. The process for preparing a VOCs adsorbent from red mud according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the acid liquid is atomized by ultrasonic waves, the oscillation frequency of the ultrasonic atomization is 1.7 MHz-2.4 MHz, and the power of an ultrasonic generator is 30-50kW.
4. The process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: the concentration of the acid liquor substance is 0.05-0.1mol/L.
5. The process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: the acid solution is nitric acid solution.
6. The process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weight ratio of the acid liquor supply amount to the red mud dry material is (9) - (11): 1.
7. the process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: the activation is that atomized acid liquor is coated on the surface of the red mud dry material.
8. The process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud according to claim 7, wherein: the activation is carried out for 2 to 5min at the temperature of 70 to 250 ℃.
9. The process for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fluidization adopts gas phase fluidization, and the air supply speed is 4 to 10m/s.
10. A system for preparing VOCs adsorbent from red mud is characterized in that: comprises a drying device, an ultrasonic atomizer (12), a fluidized bed (3), a cyclone separator (4) and a sieving machine (8); the drying device is communicated with the fluidized bed (3) through the ultrasonic atomizer (12), a fine particle discharge port of the fluidized bed (3) is connected to the cyclone separator (4), and a coarse particle outlet of the fluidized bed (3) is connected to the sieving machine (8).
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| CN115739008B (en) | 2024-06-04 |
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