CN115738921A - Tube array type maleic anhydride reactor system with uniformly cooled reactor inlet and outlet multi-cavity - Google Patents

Tube array type maleic anhydride reactor system with uniformly cooled reactor inlet and outlet multi-cavity Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115738921A
CN115738921A CN202211506123.3A CN202211506123A CN115738921A CN 115738921 A CN115738921 A CN 115738921A CN 202211506123 A CN202211506123 A CN 202211506123A CN 115738921 A CN115738921 A CN 115738921A
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China
Prior art keywords
molten salt
fused salt
reactor
maleic anhydride
salt
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CN202211506123.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邓硕
郝利军
黄际兵
季敏东
李由
臧平伟
彭俊
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211506123.3A priority Critical patent/CN115738921A/en
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical containers, and particularly relates to a tube array type maleic anhydride reactor system with uniformly cooled reactor inlet and outlet multi-cavity chambers. The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a reactor import and export multicavity room even refrigerated shell and tube maleic anhydride reactor system, including oxidation reactor and a plurality of fused salt unit, the fused salt unit includes upper portion fused salt circuit, lower part fused salt circuit, fused salt pump and fused salt cooler, a plurality of upper portion fused salt circuit set up in oxidation reactor's upper end, a plurality of lower part fused salt circuit set up in oxidation reactor's lower extreme, a plurality of upper portion fused salt circuit and a plurality of lower part fused salt circuit all follow oxidation reactor's axial distribution, a plurality of upper portion fused salt circuit and a plurality of lower part fused salt circuit all communicate with oxidation reactor's shell side, fused salt pump and fused salt cooler all pass through the tube coupling between upper portion fused salt circuit and lower part fused salt circuit. The invention provides a tube array type maleic anhydride reactor system with a plurality of cavities for uniformly cooling an inlet and an outlet of the reactor.

Description

Tube array type maleic anhydride reactor system with uniformly cooled reactor inlet and outlet multi-cavity
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical containers, and particularly relates to a tube array type maleic anhydride reactor system with uniformly cooled reactor inlet and outlet multi-cavity chambers.
Background
Maleic anhydride is also known as maleic anhydride, anhydromalic anhydride, and chemical maleic anhydride. Maleic anhydride is an important organic chemical raw material, is mainly used for producing unsaturated polyester and alkyd resin, and is also applied to the fields of pesticides, coatings, printing ink, lubricating oil additives, tartaric acid, succinic acid and anhydride, modified rosin, papermaking chemicals, textile finishing agents, surfactants and the like. At present, the technological route of the method for preparing maleic anhydride by using the n-butane method is dominant on the global scale. The maleic anhydride produced by oxidizing n-butane is a strong exothermic reaction, the existing maleic anhydride production device in China is limited by the removal of reaction heat release, the production capacity of a single reactor is low, and the development direction is to improve the yield of the single reactor in the face of the continuously-increased maleic anhydride demand.
In a chemical industry chain device, a strong exothermic reaction often occurs in a reaction tube of a heat exchange type fixed bed tube reactor, reaction heat is taken away in time through a cooling medium in a shell pass, a catalyst and the reaction tube are protected, meanwhile, the temperature of the reaction is effectively adjusted by controlling the temperature of the cooling medium, so that a product is selected, and a tube type fixed bed reactor is usually selected as an oxidation reactor for preparing maleic anhydride by using a normal butane method. The tubular fixed bed reactor is composed of a plurality of reaction tubes connected in parallel, and the tubes are filled with solid catalyst particles and are usually fixed. When the reactor is operated, the reaction in the tube releases heat violently, the working temperature of the catalyst is strictly limited, and if the temperature and the flow speed of the cooling medium on the shell side have larger deviation in the axial direction and the radial direction, the temperature of the bed layer in the central area of the reaction tube can be influenced, so that the selectivity of a product is influenced or the catalyst is damaged. Therefore, how to ensure uniform flow of the shell-side cooling medium is critical to ensure the working capacity and yield of the reactor.
The molten salt has the characteristics of large specific heat and stable state at high temperature, at present, the maleic anhydride reaction device mostly adopts the molten salt as a cooling medium on the shell side of the reactor, the viscosity of the molten salt is similar to that of water at the working temperature of the reactor, the specific gravity is about 1.8, the molten salt is sent into an annular flow channel at the lower part of the reactor through a single or two vertical axial-flow pumps, the molten salt uniformly enters the reactor from the circumferential direction, and after heat exchange, the molten salt flows into an upper annular flow channel through an opening of an upper barrel of the reactor and then enters the molten salt pump for next circulation. The mode ensures the uniformity of the molten salt in radial distribution.
However, a certain distance exists between part of open pores on the reactor cylinder and the top or the bottom of the reactor cylinder, and when molten salt enters from the open pores, the space of the section cannot be completely filled, so that a flowing heat exchange dead zone is easy to appear on the axial height of an inlet and an outlet of the reactor. The occurrence of a flowing heat exchange dead zone can lead to the increase of the temperature of a local catalyst bed layer, and the catalyst is easy to lose effectiveness.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with uniformly cooled inlet and outlet multi-cavity chambers.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a reactor is imported and exported multicavity room even refrigerated shell and tube maleic anhydride reactor system, including oxidation reactor and a plurality of fused salt unit, the fused salt unit includes upper portion fused salt ring road, lower part fused salt ring road, fused salt pump and fused salt cooler, a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring roads set up in oxidation reactor's upper end, a plurality of lower part fused salt ring roads set up in oxidation reactor's lower extreme, a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring roads and a plurality of lower part fused salt ring roads all along oxidation reactor's axial distribution, a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring roads and a plurality of lower part fused salt ring roads all communicate with oxidation reactor's shell side, fused salt pump and fused salt cooler all pass through the tube coupling between upper portion fused salt ring road and lower part fused salt ring road.
The invention divides the conventional fused salt inlet loop and the fused salt outlet loop into a plurality of upper fused salt loops and a plurality of lower fused salt loops, so that the fused salt enters the shell pass of the oxidation reactor from each lower fused salt loop and is sent out from the upper fused salt loops. Under the condition that the total height of the upper molten salt loops and the total height of the lower molten salt loops are not changed, the height of the single-layer upper molten salt loops or the lower molten salt loops is reduced, molten salt can more uniformly enter and exit the oxidation reactor in the axial direction, flowing heat exchange dead zones are effectively reduced, and uniform removal of reaction heat is facilitated, so that catalyst failure caused by increased temperature of a catalyst bed is avoided.
In addition, the number of the molten salt units can be flexibly increased or reduced according to the capacity demand by arranging a plurality of groups of independent molten salt units.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the arrangement sequence of the upper molten salt loop in the upper molten salt loops is the same as that of the lower molten salt loops in the lower molten salt loops along the same direction. The arrangement ensures that the flowing distances of the single-stranded molten salt in the height direction of the molten salt reactor are the same, the single-stranded molten salt reactor has the same resistance loss, and the uniformity of the molten salt entering and exiting the oxidation reactor from various places is further improved.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, a plurality of circumferentially arranged openings are formed in the barrel of the oxidation reactor corresponding to a plurality of upper molten salt ring ways and a plurality of lower molten salt ring way areas.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the arrangement forms of the openings on the cylinder body of the oxidation reactor corresponding to the upper molten salt circular channels and the lower molten salt circular channels are consistent, namely the arrangement forms of the openings corresponding to each molten salt circular channel are the same. And the upper molten salt loop and the lower molten salt loop are axially layered, and the working conditions of each layer of molten salt loop are the same, so that the uniformity of molten salt entering and exiting the reactor along the circumferential direction is ensured by arranging the corresponding openings of each layer of molten salt loop uniformly.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the number of the molten salt units is at least two groups.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the molten salt unit further comprises a molten salt electric heater, and the molten salt electric heater is connected between the upper molten salt loop and the lower molten salt loop through a pipeline. In the initial stage of the reaction, the temperature of the molten salt just introduced cannot meet the working requirement of the catalyst. At the moment, the molten salt electric heater heats the molten salt, and the molten salt is guaranteed to reach the temperature required by the activity of the catalyst.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention separates a plurality of upper molten salt loops and a plurality of lower molten salt loops from a conventional molten salt inlet loop and a conventional molten salt outlet loop, so that molten salt enters the shell pass of the oxidation reactor from each lower molten salt loop and is sent out from the upper molten salt loops. Under the condition that the total height of the upper molten salt loops and the total height of the lower molten salt loops are not changed, the height of the single-layer upper molten salt loops or the lower molten salt loops is reduced, molten salt can more uniformly enter and exit the oxidation reactor in the axial direction, flowing heat exchange dead zones are effectively reduced, and uniform removal of reaction heat is facilitated, so that catalyst failure caused by increased temperature of a catalyst bed is avoided.
2. According to the invention, by arranging a plurality of groups of independent molten salt units, the number of the molten salt units can be flexibly increased or decreased according to the capacity demand.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an upper molten salt circuit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower molten salt circuit.
In the figure: 1-an oxidation reactor; 2-molten salt pump; 3-a molten salt electric heater; 4-a molten salt cooler; 5-lower molten salt loop; 6-upper molten salt loop.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the reactor inlet and outlet multi-chamber uniform cooling tube type maleic anhydride reactor system of the present embodiment includes an oxidation reactor 1 and a plurality of molten salt units, the number of the molten salt units in the present embodiment is three, each molten salt unit includes an upper molten salt loop 6, a lower molten salt loop 5, a molten salt pump 2 and a molten salt cooler 4, a plurality of upper molten salt loops 6 are disposed at the upper end of the oxidation reactor 1, a plurality of lower molten salt loops 5 are disposed at the lower end of the oxidation reactor 1, the plurality of upper molten salt loops 6 and the plurality of lower molten salt loops 5 are all distributed along the axial direction of the oxidation reactor 1, the plurality of upper molten salt loops 6 and the plurality of lower molten salt loops 5 are all communicated with the shell side of the oxidation reactor 1, and the molten salt pump 2 and the molten salt cooler 4 are all connected between the upper molten salt loops 6 and the lower molten salt loops 5 through pipelines.
The invention separates a plurality of upper molten salt loops 6 and a plurality of lower molten salt loops 5 from a conventional molten salt inlet loop and a conventional molten salt outlet loop, so that molten salt enters the shell side of the oxidation reactor 1 from each lower molten salt loop 5 and then is sent out from the upper molten salt loops 6. Under the condition that the total height of the upper molten salt loops 6 and the total height of the lower molten salt loops 5 are not changed, the height of the single-layer upper molten salt loops 6 or the lower molten salt loops 5 is reduced, molten salt can more uniformly enter and exit the oxidation reactor 1 in the axial direction, flowing heat exchange dead zones are effectively reduced, uniform removal of reaction heat is facilitated, and therefore catalyst failure caused by increased temperature of a catalyst bed is avoided.
In addition, the number of the molten salt units can be flexibly increased or reduced according to the capacity demand by arranging a plurality of groups of independent molten salt units.
Further, in the same direction, the order of arrangement of the upper molten salt rings 6 in the plurality of upper molten salt rings 6 of each molten salt unit is the same as the order of arrangement of the lower molten salt rings 5 in the plurality of lower molten salt rings 5. The arrangement ensures that the flowing distances of the single-stranded molten salt in the height direction of the molten salt reactor are the same, the single-stranded molten salt reactor has the same resistance loss, and the uniformity of the molten salt entering and exiting the oxidation reactor 1 from each place is further improved.
The barrel of the oxidation reactor 1 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged open pores corresponding to the regions of the upper molten salt ring channels 6 and the lower molten salt ring channels 5. The arrangement forms of the openings on the cylinder body of the oxidation reactor 1 corresponding to the upper molten salt circular channels 6 and the lower molten salt circular channels 5 are consistent, namely the arrangement forms of the openings corresponding to each molten salt circular channel are the same. The upper molten salt ring road 6 and the lower molten salt ring road 6 are layered along the axial direction, the working condition of each molten salt ring road is the same, and the uniformity of molten salt entering and exiting the reactor along the circumferential direction is ensured by arranging the corresponding openings of each molten salt ring road uniformly.
Further, the molten salt unit further comprises a molten salt electric heater 3, and the molten salt electric heater 3 is connected between the upper molten salt loop 6 and the lower molten salt loop 5 through a pipeline. In the initial stage of the reaction, the temperature of the molten salt just introduced cannot meet the working requirement of the catalyst. At this time, the molten salt is heated by the molten salt electric heater 3, and the molten salt is guaranteed to reach the temperature required by the activity of the catalyst.
The working process is as follows:
and (4) starting the molten salt electric heater 3 and closing the molten salt cooler 4. Because the molten salt electric heater 3, the molten salt pump 2 and the oxidation reactor 1 are respectively communicated with the upper molten salt loop 6 and the lower molten salt loop 5, when the molten salt pump 2 is started, molten salt enters the lower molten salt loop 5 and then is divided into two paths, one path enters the molten salt electric heater 3, and the other path enters the shell side of the oxidation reactor 1 along the circumferential opening of the barrel of the oxidation reactor 1. The molten salt sent out from the shell side of the oxidation reactor 1 and the molten salt sent out from the molten salt electric heater 3 are merged at the upper molten salt loop 6 and then flow back to the molten salt pump 2.
After the molten salt is heated for a period of time, the temperature of the molten salt reaches the required temperature of the activity of the catalyst, at the moment, the molten salt electric heater 3 is closed, the molten salt cooler 4 is opened, a channel for maleic anhydride to enter the tube array of the oxidation reactor 1 is opened, and the equipment enters a normal working state. Because the fused salt cooler 4, the fused salt pump 2 and the oxidation reactor 1 are respectively communicated with the upper fused salt loop 6 and the lower fused salt loop 5, the fused salt is divided into two paths after entering the lower fused salt loop 5, one path enters the fused salt cooler 4, and the other path enters the shell pass of the oxidation reactor 1 along the circumferential opening of the barrel of the oxidation reactor 1. The molten salt fully absorbs the reaction heat in the molten salt reactor and is sent out from the shell side of the oxidation reactor 1 to the upper molten salt loop 6. The molten salt fed from the molten salt cooler 4 and the molten salt fed from the oxidation reactor 1 are joined together in the upper molten salt loop 6, and then flow back to the molten salt pump 2. By controlling the ratio of the molten salt entering the molten salt cooler 4 and the molten salt entering the oxidation reactor 1, the molten salt can be maintained at a suitable temperature.
The multiple groups of molten salt units operate independently, and the arrangement sequence of the upper molten salt loop 6 of each molten salt unit in the upper molten salt loops 6 is the same as that of the lower molten salt loops 5 in the lower molten salt loops 5. The arrangement ensures that the flowing distances of the single-stranded molten salt in the height direction of the molten salt reactor are the same, the single-stranded molten salt reactor has the same resistance loss, and the uniformity of the molten salt entering and exiting the oxidation reactor 1 from each place is further improved.
The maleic anhydride reaction device is suitable for a reaction system with the production capacity of 5 ten thousand tons per year and above of a single maleic anhydride, the molten salt loop of the reactor is axially divided into a plurality of independent chambers, each independent chamber, a single molten salt pump 2 and a single molten salt cooler 4 form an independent cooling unit, and the mutual influence among all matched equipment of the device is avoided. The fused salt ring is axially divided into a plurality of chambers, so that the uniformity of a fused salt medium entering and exiting the reactor in the height direction is ensured, the circumferential flow equalizing design of the outer wall of the reactor barrel is facilitated, and the uniform flow and heat dissipation of the fused salt in the reactor are facilitated. The reactor has good adaptability to a single reaction device with high reaction capacity, can further increase the number of the supporting equipment of the reactor, reduce the requirement of the single supporting equipment and enhance the reliability of the device according to the requirement of the device, is simpler in arrangement, can divide an independent arrangement area according to the function of the supporting equipment and is connected with the reactor by using a pipeline, and is beneficial to the large-scale device.
The invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a shell and tube maleic anhydride reactor system of reactor import and export even cooling of multicavity room which characterized in that: including oxidation reactor (1) and a plurality of fused salt unit, the fused salt unit includes upper portion fused salt ring way (6), lower part fused salt ring way (5), fused salt pump (2) and fused salt cooler (4), a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring ways (6) set up in the upper end of oxidation reactor (1), a plurality of lower part fused salt ring ways (5) set up in the lower extreme of oxidation reactor (1), a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring ways (6) and a plurality of lower part fused salt ring ways (5) all along the axial distribution of oxidation reactor (1), a plurality of upper portion fused salt ring ways (6) and a plurality of lower part fused salt ring ways (5) all communicate with the shell side of oxidation reactor (1), fused salt pump (2) and fused salt cooler (4) all pass through the tube coupling between upper portion fused salt ring way (6) and lower part fused salt ring way (5).
2. The tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with uniformly cooled reactor inlet and outlet multi-chambers according to claim 1, wherein: along the same direction, the arrangement sequence of the upper molten salt loop (6) of each molten salt unit in the plurality of upper molten salt loops (6) is the same as the arrangement sequence of the lower molten salt loop (5) in the plurality of lower molten salt loops (5).
3. The tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with uniform cooling of the inlet and outlet multi-cavity of the reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the barrel of the oxidation reactor (1) is provided with a plurality of circumferentially arranged openings corresponding to the areas of the upper molten salt ring ways (6) and the lower molten salt ring ways (5).
4. The tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with uniform cooling of the inlet and outlet multi-cavity of the reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the arrangement forms of the openings on the cylinder bodies of the oxidation reactor (1) corresponding to the upper molten salt circular channels (6) and the lower molten salt circular channels (5) are consistent.
5. The tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with uniform cooling of the inlet and outlet multi-cavity of the reactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of molten salt units is at least two groups.
6. The tubular maleic anhydride reactor system with uniform cooling of multiple inlet and outlet chambers of the reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the molten salt unit further comprises a molten salt electric heater (3), and the molten salt electric heater (3) is connected between the upper molten salt loop (6) and the lower molten salt loop (5) through a pipeline.
CN202211506123.3A 2022-11-29 2022-11-29 Tube array type maleic anhydride reactor system with uniformly cooled reactor inlet and outlet multi-cavity Pending CN115738921A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116415449A (en) * 2023-06-12 2023-07-11 天津渤化工程有限公司 Maleic anhydride reactor design method, maleic anhydride reactor design system and information data processing terminal
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