CN115738117B - Safety device for pole climbing operation - Google Patents
Safety device for pole climbing operation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115738117B CN115738117B CN202211545865.7A CN202211545865A CN115738117B CN 115738117 B CN115738117 B CN 115738117B CN 202211545865 A CN202211545865 A CN 202211545865A CN 115738117 B CN115738117 B CN 115738117B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- valve
- cylinder body
- safety device
- pole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Abstract
The invention discloses a pole climbing operation safety device which comprises a pole surrounding ring, a connecting rope and a protective belt, wherein the pole surrounding ring is provided with a rope ring, one end of the connecting rope is connected with the protective belt, the other end of the connecting rope sequentially penetrates through the two rope rings and then is detachably connected with the protective belt, a first cylinder body is fixed on the inner side of the pole surrounding ring, the first cylinder body is divided into a first sealing cavity and a second sealing cavity by a first piston, the first piston rod is connected with the first piston, a roller wheel, a second piston and the second cylinder body are arranged at one end of the first piston rod outside the first cylinder body, the roller wheel is rotationally connected with the first piston rod, the second piston is arranged in the second cylinder body, a transmission shaft is rotationally connected at the eccentric position of the roller wheel, the other end of the transmission shaft is hinged with the second piston, the second cylinder body is provided with a one-way liquid inlet valve and a one-way liquid outlet valve, and the one-way liquid inlet valve are respectively communicated with the first sealing cavity and the second sealing cavity by a three-way valve. The invention provides a pole climbing operation safety device which can be stably fixed on an electric pole to prevent workers from sliding down.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pole climbing, in particular to a pole climbing operation safety device.
Background
The telegraph pole is mainly used for supporting a transmission line and is an important tool for transmitting electric power to thousands of households. When a power transmission line or a power transmission line support frame on a telegraph pole fails, a worker is required to climb to the top along the telegraph pole for maintenance operation. When a worker climbs a telegraph pole by using pedals, the pedals fall after climbing to the high position of the telegraph pole due to improper or illegal operation, and under the condition that only one pedal is left, the worker is required to hold the telegraph pole tightly when moving the pedals downwards, but the diameter of the telegraph pole is small and smooth, and the potential threat of slipping to the worker once the pedals are moved is extremely large. The operation safety device in the prior art is only a simple safety rope encircling the electric pole, can not be stably fixed on the electric pole, and can not pull the worker when the worker slides downwards.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides the safety device for pole climbing operation, which can be stably fixed on an electric pole to prevent workers from sliding down.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a pole climbing operation safety device, includes encloses the pole ring, connects rope and protection area, enclose the pole ring and include two metal semi-rings, the one end of metal semi-rings articulates each other, and the other end is equipped with the rope loop, connect rope one end with the protection area is connected, and the other end passes two in proper order behind the rope loop with the protection area can dismantle and be connected, the other end of metal semi-rings passes through buckle interconnect, the metal semi-rings inboard is fixed with first cylinder body, be equipped with first piston and first piston rod in the first cylinder body, first piston will first cylinder body separates into first seal chamber and second seal chamber, first piston rod with first piston connection, and follow first seal chamber wears out outside the first cylinder body, first piston rod is in the one end outside the first cylinder body is equipped with gyro wheel, second piston and second cylinder body, the gyro wheel with first piston rod rotates to be connected, the second piston is located in the second cylinder body, the eccentric position rotation of gyro wheel is connected with the transmission shaft, the other end with second piston rod and second piston rod are equipped with one-way valve and one-way valve, second fluid inlet valve and second fluid outlet valve pass through the one-way valve.
Further, the three-way valve is provided with a pipeline, and the three-way valve is communicated with the first sealing cavity and the second sealing cavity through the pipeline.
Further, the knobs of the two three-way valves are connected with each other through a connecting rod, and a deflector rod is arranged on the connecting rod.
Further, the three-way valve comprises a valve body, a valve core and a knob, wherein a cavity is arranged in the valve body, the valve core is rotationally connected in the cavity, two first through holes are communicated with the upper part of the cavity, a second through hole is communicated with the lower part of the cavity, the valve core is tightly attached to the upper part of the cavity, a third through hole is arranged on the valve core, and the valve core is connected with the knob; when the valve core rotates, the third through holes are staggered with the two first through holes or aligned with one of the first through holes.
Further, the connecting rope is provided with a hook, the protecting belt is provided with a metal ring, and the hook is connected with the metal ring.
Further, the roller is provided with an anti-slip structure.
Further, the anti-slip structure is anti-slip teeth.
Further, scales are arranged on the side face of the roller along the circumferential direction.
Further, the first piston rod penetrates through the first cylinder body, and the cross sectional areas of the first sealing cavity and the second sealing cavity are the same.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the direction of driving the first piston rod to move by rolling of the roller is regulated through the three-way valve, so that the operation friction force in the switching transmission direction is small, and the operation is easier. Under the condition that the rotation angles of the rollers are the same, the connection point of the rollers and the transmission shaft is closer to the connection line between the center of the rollers and the center of the piston rod, so that when the rollers rotate to clamp the electric pole, the connection point of the rollers and the transmission shaft is ensured to be at a position close to the connection line, the rollers clamp the electric pole more effectively until the rollers cannot rotate, and the connection point of the rollers and the transmission shaft is gradually far away from the connection line position when the rollers continue to roll after clamping, the rollers rotate more and more laboriously, the rotation of the rollers is blocked, and the surrounding rod ring is fixed on the electric pole. According to the invention, under the condition that the pedals slide down due to improper operation of workers, a stable and reliable fixing effect can be provided by utilizing the safety device, so that the workers can safely return to the ground from the high position of the electric pole under the condition that only one pedal is left.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a safety device for pole climbing operation according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a first piston rod and a second piston rod of embodiment 1 of the present invention are driven to each other;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the roller structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-way valve according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a first piston rod and a second piston rod of embodiment 2 of the present invention are driven to each other;
in the figure, a surrounding rod ring 1, a connecting rope 2, a protective belt 3, a metal semi-ring 4, a rope ring 5, a buckle 6, a first cylinder body 7, a first piston 8, a first piston rod 9, a first sealing cavity 10, a second sealing cavity 11, a roller 12, a second piston 13, a second cylinder body 14, a transmission shaft 15, a one-way liquid inlet valve 16, a one-way liquid outlet valve 17, a three-way valve 18, a pipeline 19, a knob 20, a connecting rod 21, a deflector rod 22, a valve body 23, a valve core 24, a cavity 25, a first through hole 26, a second through hole 27, a third through hole 28, a hook 29, a metal ring 30, an anti-skid tooth 31 and a scale 32.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical content of the present invention, specific examples are provided below and the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, a pole climbing operation safety device comprises a pole surrounding ring 1, a connecting rope 2 and a protective belt 3, wherein the pole surrounding ring 1 comprises two metal semi-rings 4, one ends of the metal semi-rings 4 are mutually hinged, the other ends of the metal semi-rings are provided with rope rings 5, one ends of the connecting rope 2 are connected with the protective belt 3, the other ends sequentially penetrate through the two rope rings 5 and then are detachably connected with the protective belt 3, the other ends of the metal semi-rings 4 are mutually connected through buckles 6, a first cylinder 7 is fixed on the inner side of the metal semi-rings 4, a first piston 8 and a first piston rod 9 are arranged in the first cylinder 7, the first piston 8 is divided into a first sealing cavity 10 and a second sealing cavity 11 by the first piston 8, the first piston rod 9 is connected with the first piston 8, the first cylinder 10 penetrates out of the first cylinder 7, one end of the first piston rod 9, which is provided with a roller 12, a second piston 13 and a second roller 14, the second piston 9 is connected with the first piston rod 9 through a rotary valve, the second piston rod 13 is connected with the second piston rod 14 through the first piston rod 13 and the second piston rod 14, the first piston rod is provided with a one-way valve 16, the second piston rod is connected with the second piston 15 through the first piston rod 13 and the second piston 15, the second piston rod is provided with the first piston 15, and the second piston 15 is respectively, and the first piston 15 is connected with the first piston 15 through the first piston 15, and the second piston 15 through the one-way valve, and the first piston valve is provided with the first piston 15, and the second piston 13, and the second piston 3.
Before the pole climbing operation, the staff wears the protective belt 3 on the body. Two metal semi-rings 4 are arranged on the back of the electric pole, and the connecting rope 2 passes through the two rope rings 5 and is connected to the protective belt 3 again. The two metal semi-rings 4 are connected by the buckle 6, the connecting rope 2 and the two annular rings form a closed ring, and the electric pole passes through the closed ring. Under the condition of tensioning the connecting rope 2, the connecting rope 2 pulls the two metal semi-rings 4 to be close to each other, so that the fitting degree of the metal semi-rings 4 and the electric pole is improved, and the friction force between the surrounding rod ring 1 and the electric pole is improved. The connecting rope 2 is detachably connected with the protective belt 3, so that the connecting rope 2 and the protective belt 3 are convenient to detach. The inner side of the metal semi-ring 4 is fixedly provided with a first cylinder 7, hydraulic oil is filled in the first cylinder 7, a first piston 8 is arranged in the first cylinder 7, the first piston 8 is rotationally connected with a first piston rod 9, the other end of the first piston rod 9 is rotationally connected with the eccentric position of a roller 12, when hydraulic oil enters into a second cavity 25, hydraulic oil in the first cavity 25 is discharged, the first piston 8 moves in the direction of the first cavity 25, the first piston rod 9 is pushed to extend outwards, and the roller 12 moves in the direction close to an electric pole; when hydraulic oil is fed into the first cavity 25, hydraulic oil in the second cavity 25 is discharged, the first piston 8 moves towards the second cavity 25, the first piston rod 9 is pulled to retract inwards, and the roller 12 moves away from the electric pole. The roller 12 is rotatably connected with the first piston rod 9, two ends of the transmission shaft 15 are respectively rotatably connected with the rod of the second piston 13 and the eccentric position of the roller 12, and when the roller 12 moves after being attached to an electric pole, the roller 12 rotates and drives the second piston 13 to move in the second cylinder 14 through the transmission shaft 15. When the second piston 13 moves, hydraulic oil is pumped in from the one-way liquid inlet valve 16 and discharged from the one-way liquid outlet valve 17, and the one-way liquid inlet valve 16 and the one-way liquid outlet valve are communicated with the first sealing cavity 10 and the second sealing cavity 11 through the three-way valve 18, so that the communication position of the three-way valve 18 can be adjusted; when the three-way valve 18 communicates the one-way liquid inlet valve 16 with the first cavity 25 and the one-way liquid outlet valve 17 communicates with the second cavity 25, the roller 12 rotates to drive the first piston rod 9 to extend outwards, and the roller 12 is clamped with the electric pole to form self-locking along with rolling; when the three-way valve 18 communicates the one-way liquid inlet valve 16 with the second cavity 25 and the one-way liquid outlet valve 17 communicates with the first cavity 25, the roller 12 rotates to drive the first piston rod 9 to retract inwards, and the roller 12 moves away from the electric pole along with rolling, so that the electric pole is loosened.
According to the invention, the direction of driving the first piston rod 9 to move by rolling of the roller 12 is regulated through the three-way valve 18, so that the operation friction force in the switching transmission direction is small, and the operation is easier. Under the condition that the rotation angles of the rollers 12 are the same, the connection point of the rollers 12 and the transmission shaft 15 is closer to the connection line between the center of the rollers 12 and the center of the piston rod, so that when the rollers 12 are rotated to clamp an electric pole, the connection point of the rollers 12 and the transmission shaft 15 is ensured to be close to the connection line position, the rollers 12 are more labor-saving to clamp the electric pole until the rollers 12 cannot rotate, and the connection point of the rollers 12 and the transmission shaft 15 is gradually far away from the connection line position when the rollers 12 continue to roll after clamping, so that the rollers 12 are more labor-saving to prevent the rollers 12 from rotating, and the surrounding rod ring 1 is fixed on the electric pole. According to the invention, under the condition that the pedals slide down due to improper operation of workers, a stable and reliable fixing effect can be provided by utilizing the safety device, so that the workers can safely return to the ground from the high position of the electric pole under the condition that only one pedal is left.
Specifically, the three-way valve 18 is provided with a pipe 19, and the three-way valve 18 is communicated with the first sealing cavity 10 and the second sealing cavity 11 through the pipe 19. One interface of the three-way valve 18 is communicated with the one-way liquid inlet valve 16 or the one-way liquid outlet valve 17, and the other two interfaces are respectively communicated with the first sealing cavity 10 and the second sealing cavity 11 through hoses.
Specifically, the knobs 20 of the two three-way valves 18 are connected with each other through a connecting rod 21, and a deflector rod 22 is arranged on the connecting rod 21. When the deflector 22 is rotated, the rotation angles of the two three-way valves 18 can be adjusted simultaneously, the positions of the two three-way valves 18 can be adjusted synchronously, and the operation is convenient.
Specifically, the three-way valve 18 includes a valve body 23, a valve core 24 and a knob 20, a cavity 25 is disposed in the valve body 23, the valve core 24 is rotatably connected in the cavity 25, two first through holes 26 are communicated above the cavity 25, a second through hole 27 is communicated below the cavity 25, the valve core 24 is tightly attached to the upper side of the cavity 25, a third through hole 28 is disposed in the valve core 24, and the valve core 24 is connected with the knob 20; when the valve core 24 rotates, the third through hole 28 is staggered from the two first through holes 26 or aligned with one of the first through holes 26. The valve core 24 is positioned in the cavity 25 of the valve body 23, a third through hole 28 is arranged on the valve core 24, the valve core 24 is positioned on the knob 20 and connected, and the position of the third through hole 28 of the valve core 24 is adjusted by rotating the knob 20. Two first through holes 26 of the cavity 25 are communicated with the pipeline 19, a second through hole 27 is communicated with the one-way liquid inlet valve 16 or the one-way liquid outlet valve 17, and when a third through hole 28 of the valve core 24 is aligned with the first through hole 26, the second through hole 27 is communicated with the first through hole 26; when the third through hole 28 of the valve spool 24 is offset from the first through hole 26, the second through hole 27 is not communicated with the first through hole 26. The communicating position of the one-way liquid inlet valve 16 and the one-way liquid outlet valve 17 is adjusted by rotating the valve core 24, so that the liquid valve clamps or releases the electric pole when the roller 12 rotates.
Specifically, the connecting rope 2 is provided with a hook 29, the protecting belt 3 is provided with a metal ring 30, and the hook 29 is connected with the metal ring 30. The connecting rope 2 is connected to the metal ring 30 by the hooks 29, so that the connection is reliable and firm, and the connection is easy to detach.
Specifically, the roller 12 is provided with an anti-slip structure. Improving the anti-slip performance of the roller 12.
Specifically, the anti-slip structure is an anti-slip tooth 31. The anti-slip teeth 31 can be tightly bitten on the electric pole, and a strong friction force can be provided under the condition that the surface of the electric pole is long in moss.
Specifically, the side surface of the roller 12 is provided with graduations 32 along the circumferential direction. The position of the connection point of the roller 12 and the transmission shaft 15, which is close to the connection line, is judged through the scale 32, so that whether the roller 12 is at a labor-saving angle is judged.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the first piston rod 9 penetrates the first cylinder 7, so that the cross-sectional areas of the first sealing chamber 10 and the second sealing chamber 11 are the same, and the volume in the first cylinder 7 remains unchanged when the first piston 8 reciprocates, so as to facilitate pushing the first piston rod 9 to move.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a pole climbing operation safety device, its characterized in that, including enclosing the pole ring, connecting rope and protection band, enclose the pole ring and include two metal semi-rings, the other end is equipped with the rope loop, connecting rope one end with the protection band is connected, and the other end passes two in proper order behind the rope loop with the protection band is dismantled and is connected, the other end of metal semi-rings passes through buckle interconnect, the metal semi-ring inboard is fixed with first cylinder body, be equipped with first piston and first piston rod in the first cylinder body, first piston will first cylinder body separates into first seal chamber and second seal chamber, first piston rod with first piston connection, and follow first seal chamber wears out outside the first cylinder body, first piston rod is in the one end outside the first cylinder body is equipped with gyro wheel, second piston and second cylinder body, the gyro wheel with first piston rod rotates to be connected, the second piston is located in the second cylinder body, the eccentric position rotation of gyro wheel is connected with the transmission shaft, the other end with second piston and second fluid inlet valve and one-way valve are equipped with the one-way valve, the one-way valve is connected with the second fluid inlet valve and the one-way valve.
2. A pole climbing operation safety device according to claim 1, wherein the three-way valve is provided with a pipe, and the three-way valve communicates with the first seal chamber and the second seal chamber through the pipe.
3. The pole climbing operation safety device according to claim 1, wherein the knobs of the two three-way valves are connected with each other by a connecting rod, and a deflector rod is arranged on the connecting rod.
4. The pole climbing operation safety device according to claim 3, wherein the three-way valve comprises a valve body, a valve core and a knob, a cavity is arranged in the valve body, the valve core is rotationally connected in the cavity, two first through holes are communicated above the cavity, a second through hole is communicated below the cavity, the valve core is tightly attached to the upper part of the cavity, a third through hole is arranged on the valve core, and the valve core is connected with the knob; when the valve core rotates, the third through holes are staggered with the two first through holes or aligned with one of the first through holes.
5. The pole climbing operation safety device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting rope is provided with a hook, the guard band is provided with a metal ring, and the hook is connected with the metal ring.
6. A pole climbing operation safety device according to claim 1, wherein the roller is provided with an anti-slip structure.
7. A pole climbing operation safety device according to claim 6, wherein the anti-slip structure is an anti-slip tooth.
8. The pole climbing operation safety device according to claim 1, wherein the side surface of the roller is provided with graduations along a circumferential direction.
9. The pole climbing operation safety device according to claim 1, wherein the first piston rod penetrates the first cylinder, and the cross-sectional areas of the first seal chamber and the second seal chamber are the same.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211545865.7A CN115738117B (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | Safety device for pole climbing operation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211545865.7A CN115738117B (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | Safety device for pole climbing operation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115738117A CN115738117A (en) | 2023-03-07 |
| CN115738117B true CN115738117B (en) | 2023-09-29 |
Family
ID=85343086
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211545865.7A Active CN115738117B (en) | 2022-12-05 | 2022-12-05 | Safety device for pole climbing operation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115738117B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014110867A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-19 | Fukushima Sekkei:Kk | Fall prevention tool |
| CN105816976A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-08-03 | 国网冀北电力有限公司秦皇岛供电公司 | Safety device for operation of telegraph pole |
| CN212700142U (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2021-03-16 | 新发建设有限公司 | Anti-falling device used during climbing of electric power cement pole |
| CN112761378A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-07 | 吉林师范大学博达学院 | Traditional village building protection device |
| CN215309808U (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-12-28 | 甘仁发 | Transformer overhauls safety belt linkage |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010031208B4 (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2022-01-13 | Andrea Böttcher | Device and method for securing ascent |
-
2022
- 2022-12-05 CN CN202211545865.7A patent/CN115738117B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014110867A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-19 | Fukushima Sekkei:Kk | Fall prevention tool |
| CN105816976A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-08-03 | 国网冀北电力有限公司秦皇岛供电公司 | Safety device for operation of telegraph pole |
| CN212700142U (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2021-03-16 | 新发建设有限公司 | Anti-falling device used during climbing of electric power cement pole |
| CN215309808U (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-12-28 | 甘仁发 | Transformer overhauls safety belt linkage |
| CN112761378A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-07 | 吉林师范大学博达学院 | Traditional village building protection device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115738117A (en) | 2023-03-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP1608838B1 (en) | Climbing aid for ladders | |
| US4743175A (en) | Reel assembly for dewatering apparatus | |
| CN115738117B (en) | Safety device for pole climbing operation | |
| CN107060342B (en) | A kind of secure localization adjustment device for concreting vehicle hose | |
| CN103015368B (en) | The device of shutoff dike breach | |
| US4074447A (en) | Stump cutting and precision digging apparatus | |
| CN210238548U (en) | Installation device of well pipe for deep foundation pit | |
| US2582416A (en) | Power drive means for irrigation pipe | |
| CN208885545U (en) | A kind of submersible axial flow pump | |
| CN212956639U (en) | Water supply and drainage well cover convenient to open | |
| US3233868A (en) | Hydraulically operated well pipe extracting apparatus | |
| CN211798632U (en) | Instrument capable of being used for climbing trees, steel pipes and telegraph poles | |
| CN112624009B (en) | Be applied to high altitude hanging flower basket's building engineering safety protection structure | |
| CN108100865A (en) | A kind of road surface tamping apparatus hoisting mechanism | |
| CN211399278U (en) | Automatic oiling station of winch wire rope | |
| CN208883218U (en) | Pipeline twisting organization for cement-soil mixing pile machine | |
| CN215055561U (en) | Safety arrangement is used in communication tower construction | |
| CN209629884U (en) | A kind of hydrostate for water toothpick | |
| CN208454362U (en) | The wheeled supporting leg of sliding formwork is cut with scissors manually mentions device | |
| FI101353B (en) | Method and apparatus for tightening the chain of a cutting saw | |
| RU111875U1 (en) | INSTALLATION FOR DRILLING, TESTING AND REPAIR OF OIL AND GAS WELLS | |
| CN215433498U (en) | Quick tightening device for water stop sleeve | |
| CN219777183U (en) | Water quality monitoring sampling bucket that sealed effect is good | |
| CN215653512U (en) | Portable safety belt hanging point device for constructional engineering | |
| CN203758406U (en) | Oil pumping device jig frequency adjustment detecting apparatus |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |