CN115736318A - Cigar coat and cigar sleeve and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cigar coat and cigar sleeve and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115736318A CN115736318A CN202211412575.5A CN202211412575A CN115736318A CN 115736318 A CN115736318 A CN 115736318A CN 202211412575 A CN202211412575 A CN 202211412575A CN 115736318 A CN115736318 A CN 115736318A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cigars, in particular to a cigar coat and a cigar sleeve and a preparation method thereof. The method utilizes the bio-enzyme to catalyze lignin to crosslink and prepare the eggplant coat and the eggplant sleeve, and can prepare the eggplant coat and the eggplant sleeve with different colors by hot pressing at 80 ℃. The prepared cigar coat and cigar sleeve are green, environment-friendly and nontoxic, have strong physical properties and have a moisture-proof function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cigars, in particular to a cigar coat and a cigar sleeve and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cigars are in Chinese ship, and have a history of over 120 years. In recent years, with the change of the consumption level and mode of people and the increasing maturity of the domestic cigar market, the cigar consumption is gradually extended to the public from a few high-end cigar groups and is more and more concerned by people. However, early disclosures on the research on cigar technology are rare, and the research on cigar raw material production and processing technology has not been increased until recently. In the hand-made cigar products, the yield of the cigar sleeve made of the tobacco leaf raw materials accounts for more than 66% in the year of year, fluctuates between 80% and 85% in 2006-2011, decreases to 66.1% in 2012, and gradually increases in the following years, and reaches the highest value of 95.7% in 2020. The yield of the eggplant cover made of non-tobacco leaf raw materials accounts for less than 34% in the year per year, and is only 4.3% by 2020. It can be seen that the current hand-made cigar products use the tobacco leaf material as the main material and the cigar sleeve. The raw materials of the domestic cigars are started later, and the overall quality is low.
In the hand-made cigar products, the yield of the cigar sleeve as the tobacco leaf raw material accounts for more than 66% in the year per year, fluctuates between 80% and 85% in 2006-2011, decreases to 66.1% in 2012, and gradually increases in the following years until the maximum value reaches 95.7% in 2020. The yield of the eggplant cover made of non-tobacco leaf raw materials accounts for less than 34% in the year per year, and is only 4.3% by 2020. As can be seen, the current hand-made cigar products are mainly made of the cigar sleeve made of tobacco leaf raw materials. The raw materials of the domestic cigars are relatively late to start, and the overall quality is relatively low. The eggplant clothing tobacco leaves have strict requirements on planting, and most of the eggplant clothing tobacco leaves of cigars in the world adopt a shade planting method, namely, the tobacco leaves are covered in the planting process and are not sunned. In addition, the production process of utilizing the cigar tobacco leaves as the cigar coat and the cigar sleeve of the cigar is complex, the utilization rate is low, and the cost is higher.
The cigars themselves have different shape colors, while the outermost tobacco leaves of the cigars, namely the eggplant coats, have richer color tones, and are generally distinguished by seven categories, wherein the names of the eggplant coats are named in the planting mode, the harvest mode or the country of origin, and the colors can be distinguished according to the shade: cyan brown, light brown, medium brown, dark reddish brown, dark brown, coffee-like dark brown and near black.
Chinese patent with application number CN 113892671A discloses a method for preparing eggplant coat and eggplant sheath based on dry-process sheet technology, which has the technical scheme main points: (1) cutting tobacco stems into segments; (2) mechanically disc-grinding the tobacco stem sections into coarse tobacco stem fibers; (3) airflow forming is adopted to prepare a tobacco substrate; (4) Stirring and mixing the binder and the tobacco powder to obtain a sticky filling mixture; (5) Diffusing the adhesive filling mixture into the tobacco substrate through first venturi atomization to obtain a first tobacco substrate semi-finished product; (6) Dispersing glycerin into the first tobacco substrate semi-finished product to obtain a second tobacco substrate semi-finished product; and (7) carrying out mechanical hot pressing to obtain the eggplant coat or eggplant sleeve. The method can retain the original natural fragrant components of the tobacco raw materials. The obtained product has uniform color and thickness, and the wet strength of the product can be improved through the formation of the interpenetrating network structure of the binder. However, currently, eggplant clothes and eggplant sheaths prepared based on dry-process flakes are relatively single in color and seriously discolored when encountering water.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an eggplant coat and an eggplant sleeve and a preparation method thereof. The eggplant coat and the eggplant sleeve are prepared by using the bio-enzyme to catalyze the lignin for crosslinking, so that the eggplant coat and the eggplant sleeve are green, environment-friendly and nontoxic; the eggplant-shaped sheath with different colors can be prepared by hot pressing at 80 ℃, and the prepared eggplant-shaped sheath has excellent physical properties and moisture-proof function.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a tobacco sheet coating liquid which is a buffer solution containing lignosulfonate and laccase.
In some embodiments of the invention, the tobacco sheet coating solution is an acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer solution having a pH of 4.8 containing 0.6% to 1.2% (v/v) lignosulfonate, 1.5% to 2.5% (v/v) laccase. In some embodiments, the coating solution for tobacco sheet is a pH4.8 acetate/sodium acetate buffer containing 1% (v/v) lignosulfonate, 2% (v/v) laccase.
The laccase enzyme of the present invention is not particularly limited in its origin and is commercially available in the ordinary art.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the cigar coat and cigar sleeve, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and spraying the tobacco sheet coating liquid and 0-3 wt% of pigment on the tobacco sheet, and rolling to obtain the cigar wrapper.
In the invention, the spraying amount of the tobacco sheet coating liquid is the mass percentage of the tobacco sheet coating liquid in the tobacco sheets. In some embodiments, the spraying amount is 4wt% to 6wt%, that is, the spraying amount of the tobacco sheet coating liquid is 4wt% to 6wt% of the mass percentage of the tobacco sheet. In some embodiments, the spray level is 5wt%.
In the invention, the tobacco sheet is a dry-method tobacco sheet, and the preparation process of the dry-method tobacco sheet has no special requirements and can be prepared according to the conventional method in the field.
The lignosulfonate has good aqueous medium dispersing performance, is beneficial to realizing liquid phase high-pressure atomization, is uniformly distributed among dry-process sheet fibers, and is combined with the fibers; functional groups such as methoxy, hydroxyl, carbonyl and the like on the lignosulfonate endow the lignosulfonate with certain catalytic crosslinking performance, and can be crosslinked with fibers on the dry-process sheet through hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds.
In the invention, the temperature of the rolling treatment is 30-80 ℃, and the pressure is 9-11 MPa. In some embodiments, the temperature of the rolling treatment may be 30 ℃, 50 ℃ or 80 ℃ and the pressure may be 9MPa, 10MPa or 11MPa.
According to the invention, the pigment is caramel pigment which is a natural colorant with a very wide application range in food, and the cigar coat and the cigar sleeve can be brownish black and not crisp under the condition of 80 ℃ by spraying a proper amount of caramel pigment and the coating liquid in the dry tobacco sheet; and can also impart flavor to cigar coats and jacket candies or chocolate. The color of the prepared cigar coat eggplant sleeve comprises green brown, light brown, medium brown, dark red, dark brown, coffee color and black brown;
the preparation method of the green brown eggplant-coated eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying the tobacco sheet coating liquid as defined in claim 1 or 2 onto a tobacco sheet at a spray amount of 5wt%, and subjecting to a roll press treatment to obtain a cigar coat and a cigar jacket; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 30 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the light brown eggplant coat and the eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying the tobacco sheet coating liquid as defined in claim 1 or 2 onto a tobacco sheet at a spray amount of 5wt%, and subjecting to a roll press treatment to obtain a cigar coat and a cigar jacket; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the medium brown eggplant-coated eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying caramel pigment and the tobacco sheet coating solution of claim 1 or 2 on the tobacco sheet at a spraying amount of 0.5wt% and 5wt%, respectively, and rolling to obtain cigar coat and cigar sleeve; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the dark red brown eggplant-coated eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying the caramel pigment and the tobacco sheet coating liquid of claim 1 or 2 on the tobacco sheet at a spraying amount of 1wt% and 5wt%, respectively, and rolling to obtain cigar coat and cigar sleeve; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the dark brown eggplant-coated eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying the caramel pigment and the tobacco sheet coating solution of claim 1 or 2 on the tobacco sheet in a spraying amount of 1.5wt% and 5wt%, respectively, and performing rolling treatment to obtain cigar coat and cigar sleeve; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the coffee-dark brown eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying the caramel pigment and the tobacco sheet coating solution of claim 1 or 2 on the tobacco sheet in a spraying amount of 2wt% and 5wt%, respectively, and performing rolling treatment to obtain cigar coat and cigar sleeve; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the dark brown eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying the caramel pigment and the tobacco sheet coating liquid of claim 1 or 2 on the tobacco sheet at a spraying amount of 3wt% and 5wt%, respectively, and rolling to obtain cigar coat and cigar sleeve; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa.
The cigar coat and the cigar sleeve prepared by the method have rich colors and varieties, and can provide more cigar finished products; and the physical strength and flexibility are better, the waterproof performance is better, the color is not easy to fade when meeting water, and the moisture resistance is good.
The invention also provides the cigar coat and cigar sleeve prepared by the preparation method. The structure of the cigar coat and eggplant sleeve is a sandwich structure consisting of lignosulfonate/dry tobacco sheet/lignosulfonate. The invention simulates the lignification process of plants, and adopts a lignosulphonate-laccase system to catalyze the free radical polymerization reaction of residual lignin in dry-method sheet fibers on hydroxycinnamic acid and lignosulphonate, so that covalent bonds such as benzyl ether bond, ester bond and the like are generated between separated fibers again, firm chemical bond crosslinking is formed between the fibers, and a layer of lignin is covered on the surface of the fibers, thereby realizing the repair of intercellular layers of the fibers. The problem of formaldehyde pollution caused by the manufacturing and using processes of the traditional reinforcing agent is fundamentally eliminated, and the cigar coat and the cigar sleeve which are truly green, environment-friendly and nontoxic are manufactured. The prepared novel cigar coat and cigar sleeve form a sandwich-like structure model by utilizing a lotus leaf bionic technology, the interior of the lignosulfonate is associated with hydroxyl, aldehyde, carboxyl and other reaction groups on the dry-process tobacco sheet and covers two sides of the dry-process tobacco sheet to form a lignosulfonate-dry-process tobacco sheet-lignosulfonate three-sandwich-type structure (namely a sandwich structure), and the cigar coat and the cigar sleeve are endowed with the characteristics of softness and high strength.
The tobacco sheet based on the dry method has the characteristics of looseness, porosity, high bulk and strong loading capacity, and the lignosulfonate laccase system and the caramel pigment are sprayed into the tobacco sheet based on the dry method by using the high-pressure spray gun, so that the cigar wrapper and the cigar sleeve can reach the near-black standard under the temperature condition of being lower than 80 ℃, and the conditions of brittleness and frangibility under the high-temperature condition are avoided. In addition, after the lignosulfonate-laccase system is sprayed on the dry-process tobacco sheets, lignosulfonate reacts with free radicals of residual lignin in dry-process sheet fibers to hydroxycinnamic acid under the catalytic action of laccase, so that covalent bonds such as benzyl ether bonds and the like are newly generated between the separated fibers, and the separated fibers are subjected to compression roller treatment to form a sandwich model structure, and meanwhile, special physical structures are given to the surfaces of the sheets. The lignin covers two sides of the dry-process tobacco sheet to form a lignosulfonate-dry-process tobacco sheet-lignosulfonate three-sandwich structure, so that the cigar coat and the cigar sleeve have the characteristics of softness and high strength. Not only greatly improves the contact angle between the surfaces of the cigar coat and the cigar sleeve, but also is not easy to decolor after being sucked; and the addition of the lignosulfonate enables the cigar coat and the cigar sleeve to be softer, and improves the production efficiency in the process of rolling cigars.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the fading of eggplant before and after the addition of the coating liquid of the present invention, 1-a is the fading of caramel-colored eggplant, 1-b is the fading of black eggplant, wherein the upper figure shows the addition of the coating liquid of the present invention, and the lower figure shows the absence of the addition of the coating liquid of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the change in mass of the eggplant sheath at 30 ℃ under 90% constant temperature and humidity.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a cigar coat and a cigar sleeve and a preparation method thereof. Those skilled in the art can modify the process parameters appropriately to achieve the desired results with reference to the disclosure herein. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The test materials adopted by the invention are all common commercial products and can be purchased in the market.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
example 1 preparation of coating solution
(1) And (3) preparing the tobacco sheet by a dry method.
(2) Preparation of coating solution (i.e. lignosulfonate laccase system):
(1) preparing an acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer solution with the pH value of 4.8;
(2) adding lignosulfonate (volume fraction 1: 100), and after complete dissolution of lignosulfonate, adding laccase (volume fraction 50: 1) to the system, wherein the final concentration of lignosulfonate is 1vol% and the final concentration of laccase is 2vol%.
(3) Preparing the eggplant coat and eggplant sleeve:
preparation of a green brown eggplant-coated eggplant sleeve: uniformly spraying a 5wt% lignosulfonate laccase system by using a high-pressure spray gun, wherein the rolling condition is that a press roll is set to be 30 ℃ and 10MPa;
the preparation of the light brown eggplant jacket comprises the steps of uniformly spraying a 5wt% lignosulfonate laccase system by using a high-pressure spray gun, wherein the rolling condition is that a press roll is set at 80 ℃ and 10MPa;
preparation of medium brown eggplant coat and eggplant sleeve: uniformly spraying 0.5wt% of caramel pigment and 5wt% of lignosulfonate laccase system by using a high-pressure spray gun in sequence under the rolling condition that a press roll is set at 80 ℃ and 10MPa;
preparing a dark red brown eggplant-coat-eggplant sleeve, namely uniformly spraying 1wt% of caramel pigment and 5wt% of lignosulfonate laccase system by using a high-pressure spray gun in sequence under the rolling condition that a press roll is set at 80 ℃ and 10MPa;
preparing the dark brown eggplant coat and eggplant sleeve: uniformly spraying 1.5wt% of caramel pigment and 5wt% of lignosulfonate laccase system by using a high-pressure spray gun, wherein the rolling condition is that a press roll is set at 80 ℃ and 10MPa;
preparation of a coffee-like dark brown eggplant sleeve: uniformly spraying 2wt% of caramel pigment and 5wt% of lignosulfonate laccase system by using a high-pressure spray gun, wherein the rolling condition is that a press roll is set at 80 ℃ and 10MPa;
preparing the black brown eggplant coat and eggplant sleeve: uniformly spraying 3wt% of caramel pigment and 5wt% of lignosulfonate laccase system by using a high-pressure spray gun, wherein the rolling condition is that a press roll is set at 80 ℃ and 10MPa.
Test example 1
1. Experiment of moisture-proof function
The change of the quality of the sample is tracked and recorded under the conditions of constant temperature and constant humidity of 30 ℃ and 90% of humidity by taking the cigar sleeve prepared by the prior art and the cigar sleeve prepared by the embodiment 1 of the invention.
The preparation method in the prior art comprises the following steps:
(1) Cutting the tobacco stems into segments; (2) mechanically disc-grinding the tobacco stem sections into coarse tobacco stem fibers; (3) airflow forming is adopted to prepare a tobacco substrate; (4) Stirring and mixing the binder and the tobacco powder to obtain a sticky filling mixture; (5) Diffusing the adhesive filling mixture into the tobacco substrate through first venturi atomization to obtain a first tobacco substrate semi-finished product; (6) Dispersing glycerol into the first tobacco substrate semi-finished product to obtain a second tobacco substrate semi-finished product; (7) And (3) carrying out mechanical hot pressing, wherein the pressure of the mechanical hot pressing is 10MPa, the temperature is 80 ℃, and the time is 5min, so as to obtain the eggplant or eggplant sleeve.
TABLE 1 change in the quality of eggplant sheath at 30 ℃ under 90% constant temperature and humidity conditions
2. Physical property experiments:
2.1 determination of tensile Strength and elongation
The tensile strength and elongation were determined according to the method of the national standard GB/T12914-2018.
1. The method comprises the steps of cutting a sample strip with the width of (15 +/-0.1 mm and the length enough to be clamped between two clamping heads from a non-damaged sample, avoiding the sample strip from contacting the part of the sample positioned between the two clamping heads by naked hands, avoiding watermarks, creases and folds in a test area, straightening two long edges of the sample, ensuring that the parallelism error is not more than +/-0.1 mm in the whole clamping length, trimming sample cuts orderly without damage, and cutting enough sample strips once to ensure that 10 effective measurement results exist.
2. The test specimen is placed in the grip area of the tensile tester, taking care not to apply hand contact to the test area between the two grip lines of the test specimen. The sample was set up without any appreciable slack and without significant strain. Ensuring that the specimen is parallel to the direction of the applied tension.
3. The test was started until the specimen broke. The maximum tensile force applied is recorded and the elongation at break (%) is read directly from the instrument.
2.2 measurement of Wet Strength
The sample processed under the standard temperature and humidity conditions is cut into test pieces of 15mm multiplied by 220mm, and the test pieces are put into a tray filled with water at the temperature of 20 ℃ to be soaked for 1 hour. After a predetermined time, the sample was taken out from the tray, and the liquid on the surface of the sample was gently aspirated by a filter paper.
The tensile strength was measured by quickly placing the test specimen on a tensile strength tester in the same manner as the 2.1 tensile strength test.
2.3 determination of burst strength
The samples treated under the standard temperature and humidity conditions were cut into more than 10 pieces of samples of 70X 70 mm. The sample was placed on the elastic glue film. Pressing the 'test' key, the instrument automatically completes one working cycle. The display reading (unit: kPa) is taken.
TABLE 2 eggplant sheath physical Property Table
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A tobacco sheet coating liquid is characterized by being a buffer liquid containing lignosulfonate and laccase.
2. The coating solution for tobacco sheets according to claim 1, which is an acetic acid/sodium acetate buffer solution of pH4.8 containing 0.6 to 1.2% (v/v) of lignosulfonate and 1.5 to 2.5% (v/v) of laccase.
3. A preparation method of a cigar coat and cigar sleeve is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the coating liquid for a tobacco sheet according to claim 1 or 2 is sprayed on a tobacco sheet and subjected to a rolling treatment to obtain a cigar wrapper.
4. The production method according to claim 3, wherein the tobacco sheet coating liquid is contained in an amount of 4 to 6% by mass based on the tobacco sheet.
5. The method of manufacturing according to claim 3, wherein the tobacco sheet is a dry-process tobacco sheet.
6. The production method according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the roll pressing treatment is 30 to 80 ℃ and the pressure is 10MPa.
7. The method of making as claimed in claim 3, wherein the colors of the cigar jacket include a blue brown, a light brown, a medium brown, a dark red, a dark brown, a coffee color and a black brown.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein the method of preparing the green brown eggplant-shaped eggplant sleeve comprises: spraying the tobacco sheet coating liquid as defined in claim 1 or 2 onto a tobacco sheet at a spray amount of 5wt%, and subjecting to a roll press treatment to obtain a cigar coat and a cigar jacket; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 30 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the light brown eggplant coat and the eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying the tobacco sheet coating liquid as defined in claim 1 or 2 onto a tobacco sheet in a spray amount of 5wt%, and subjecting to a roll press treatment to obtain a cigar coat and a cigar sleeve; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the medium brown eggplant-coated eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying caramel pigment and the tobacco sheet coating solution of claim 1 or 2 on the tobacco sheet at a spraying amount of 0.5wt% and 5wt%, respectively, and rolling to obtain cigar coat and cigar sleeve; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the dark red brown eggplant-coated eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying the caramel pigment and the tobacco sheet coating solution of claim 1 or 2 on the tobacco sheet in a spraying amount of 1wt% and 5wt%, respectively, and performing rolling treatment to obtain cigar coat and cigar sleeve; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the dark brown eggplant-coated eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying the caramel pigment and the tobacco sheet coating solution of claim 1 or 2 on the tobacco sheet in a spraying amount of 1.5wt% and 5wt%, respectively, and performing rolling treatment to obtain cigar coat and cigar sleeve; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the coffee-dark brown eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying the caramel pigment and the tobacco sheet coating liquid of claim 1 or 2 on the tobacco sheet at a spraying amount of 2wt% and 5wt%, respectively, and rolling to obtain cigar coat and cigar sleeve; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa;
the preparation method of the dark brown eggplant sleeve comprises the following steps: spraying the caramel pigment and the tobacco sheet coating liquid of claim 1 or 2 on the tobacco sheet at a spraying amount of 3wt% and 5wt%, respectively, and rolling to obtain cigar coat and cigar sleeve; the temperature of the rolling treatment is 80 ℃, and the pressure is 10MPa.
9. A cigar-coated sheath obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 3 to 8.
10. The cigar jacket according to claim 9, wherein the structure is a sandwich structure of lignosulfonate/dry tobacco sheet/lignosulfonate.
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