CN115731514A - Digital twinning system for distributed measurement and control of greenhouse environment - Google Patents
Digital twinning system for distributed measurement and control of greenhouse environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a digital twin system for greenhouse environment distributed measurement and control, which consists of a physical entity, a server and a virtual twin body, wherein the physical entity consists of a plurality of crop production monitoring modules, and the crop production monitoring modules comprise an environment sensor, environment regulation and control equipment and the like, so that the three-dimensional monitoring and control of the greenhouse crop space environment are realized; the virtual twin body is a digital twin panel and consists of interfaces such as a crop growth form picture, a crop photosynthetic rate and the like; the server comprises a database, a business logic module and a knowledge base, and realizes real-time mapping and data driving of full-element digital resources between the physical entity and the virtual twin body. The invention fully utilizes the data monitored by the physical entity end, completes mapping in the virtual twin through data storage, analysis and transmission of the server, and realizes the control of the physical entity environment regulation and control equipment according to the mapping result and feedback, thereby scientifically and effectively realizing the yield increase and income increase of facility crops by utilizing a digital twin method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of digital agriculture and intelligent agriculture, and realizes scientific production increase and income increase of greenhouse planting based on application of a digital twin technology in facility cultivation.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, and the traditional farming production mode can not meet the requirement of modern civilized development for a long time, so that a plurality of novel facility agriculture are generated. Greenhouse facilities can be used in special environments such as plateaus, mountains, deserts and the like, and can also be used for crop production in seasonal climates contrary to the conventional crop climate, so that the greenhouse facilities are widely applied without being limited by time and space. However, in the actual greenhouse facility crop production, the light supplement of crops, the regulation and control of the environmental temperature and the environmental humidity and the like are lack of scientific method guidance, the environment is still regulated and controlled by experience, the regulation and control of the environment are not distributed, and the physiological growth of crops is lack of being taken as a regulation and control basis, so that the phenomenon of uneven growth of crops can occur, and even the adverse environment condition of disordered growth factors of crops can occur.
The application of the digital twin technology in the agricultural field lacks a standard system and a system flow, the main idea of the digital twin is taken as a starting point, a virtual model needs to be created for a physical entity to simulate and reflect the state and the behavior of the physical entity, the growth change of crops is slow, the requirements on the fidelity, the precision and the quality of the virtual model are high, the virtual model established in the digital twin technology cannot completely guarantee the reality and the credibility based on the limitation of the current levels in all aspects, and the difficulty of the application and the popularization of the digital twin technology in the agriculture is increased.
The digital agriculture has high requirement on the accuracy of monitoring data, and the digital acquisition equipment for the environmental parameters of facility crops is expensive; the digital twin technology shows good development momentum in China, but the popularization degree is low, and a visual data interaction mode which can be intuitively understood and is simple to use by most of workers engaged in crop cultivation is lacked at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a digital twin system for greenhouse environment distributed measurement and control, so that data monitored by a physical entity end can be fully utilized, mapping is completed in a virtual twin through data storage, analysis and transmission of a server, and feedback is generated according to a mapping result to realize control over physical entity environment regulation and control equipment, so that yield and income of facility crops can be increased scientifically and effectively by utilizing a digital twin method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a digital twinning system for greenhouse environment distributed measurement and control, which is characterized by comprising the following components: the system comprises a physical entity, a server and a virtual twin body, wherein the physical entity is arranged in a greenhouse environment, the greenhouse environment is divided into different layers from top to bottom, and each layer is divided into different areas;
the physical entity consists of a plurality of crop production monitoring modules, and takes a crop photosynthetic rate value and a crop growth picture as the mapping of crop growth forms; the crop production monitoring module is disposed in each zone of each layer and includes: the system comprises an MCU module, an environment sensor, environment regulation and control equipment, a wireless communication module, a rechargeable battery, a touch screen and a camera;
the MCU module is respectively connected with the environment sensor, the wireless communication module, the environment regulation and control equipment and the touch screen and is powered by the rechargeable battery;
the MCU module transmits environment data acquired by the environment sensor at regular time to the server through the wireless communication module, and meanwhile, the MCU module receives a control instruction of the server through the wireless communication module so as to control the working state of the environment regulation and control equipment;
the wireless communication module is used for data information interaction between the crop production monitoring module and the server;
the touch screen is used for displaying real-time measured environment data and the working state of the environment regulation and control equipment, and meanwhile, the touch screen acquires a touch instruction and sends the touch instruction to the MCU module so as to control the environment regulation and control equipment in real time;
the camera regularly takes a picture of the growth form of the crops in the area of the layer in real time, and sends the obtained growth form picture of the crops to a server for storage;
the monitoring data of the physical entity is formed by environment data, working states of equipment and crop growth form pictures which are collected in each area at regular time;
the server is a core part and consists of a database, a business logic module and a knowledge base, and is used for finishing data storage, information processing and system operation;
the knowledge base is used for storing a crop physiology-environment model and a crop growth form model which are trained off line, wherein the crop growth form model is used for acquiring growth form information of crops, and the crop photosynthesis rate-environment parameter model is used for acquiring photosynthesis rate values of the crops according to the difference of the crops and the growth period;
the business logic module stores the monitoring data of the physical entity in the database in a classified manner according to different areas, and stores the crop photosynthetic rate value, the crop growth form information and the control instruction of the server to the environment regulation and control equipment in the database in a classified manner, wherein the crop photosynthetic rate value, the crop growth form information and the control instruction are obtained after the monitoring data of the physical entity are substituted into a knowledge base;
the business logic module carries out intelligent decision making according to the currently calculated photosynthetic rate value to obtain an environmental parameter target value of the optimal growth environment of the crops in the corresponding region in the physical entity, so that a control instruction of the target value is sent to the MCU module in the crop production monitoring module of the corresponding region, the MCU module controls the working state of the environmental regulation and control equipment in the corresponding region, and the environmental data in the corresponding region reaches the environmental parameter target value;
the virtual twin body is a digital twin panel and consists of six interactive interfaces, namely an equipment state interface, an environment state interface, an equipment regulation interface, a crop growth picture interface, a crop photosynthetic rate interface and a crop growth form interface;
the environment state interface, the equipment state interface and the crop photosynthetic rate interface are used for visually displaying and acquiring environment data, equipment states and crop photosynthetic rate values stored in a database of the server in real time in a graphical mode respectively;
the crop growth picture interface is used for displaying crop growth pictures shot by the camera in each area in the database in real time, or combining the crop growth form pictures shot in each area in one layer according to the area division of the greenhouse environment, or combining the crop growth form pictures of all the layers to obtain a crop growth form panoramic image for display;
the crop growth form interface is used for displaying crop growth pictures shot by the camera in each area in the database in real time and displaying crop growth form information obtained after the crop growth form model processing;
the crop growth state information comprises extracted shape profile pictures, plant height, canopy diameter, leaf area, stem thickness, fruit number and size of the crop;
and each interactive key and the graph thereof are arranged on the equipment regulation and control interface, the interactive key for environmental equipment regulation and control corresponding to the corresponding graph is selected to send a panel control instruction to the server, so that a service logic module in the server analyzes the panel control instruction, the analyzed panel control instruction is obtained and stored in a database, and meanwhile, the panel control instruction is sent to a crop production monitoring module in the corresponding area for controlling the environmental equipment regulation and control.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the greenhouse environment is divided into different layers from top to bottom, each layer is divided into different areas, and the crop production monitoring module is arranged in each area for measurement and control, so that the distributed data monitoring and equipment regulation and control requirements of a large-space and three-dimensional greenhouse are met, and the reliability of the monitored data and the full-coverage environment regulation and control are ensured.
2. The photosynthesis is the basic driving force of crops, and the photosynthesis rate is the core physiological parameter of the crops, so the photosynthesis rate is selected as the physiological parameter representative of the crops, the photosynthesis rate-environmental parameter models of different types of crops and the same variety of crops in different growth periods which are trained offline in a knowledge base are utilized to obtain the photosynthesis rate predicted value of the crops, and the environmental parameters in a temperature control room are scientifically adjusted according to the predicted value; because the morphological model is difficult to construct, the crop growth picture recorded by the camera in real time and the crop growth morphological information obtained according to the crop growth picture reflect the growth morphology of the crop, so that the multiplication is simplified, and the mapping of the virtual twin to the physical entity is realized.
3. The simple system design of the invention ensures that the combination of the digital twin method and facility crops has more popularization; the system has an intelligent automatic decision function, realizes the control of the environment regulation and control equipment, simultaneously, a crop producer can intuitively and simply know the environment parameters of the crop production monitoring module through a digital twin panel graphical data visualization form, and manually realizes the control of the physical entity environment regulation and control equipment by utilizing an equipment regulation and control interface of the digital twin panel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the structure of a digital twin system for distributed measurement and control of a greenhouse environment according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a distributed deployment of crop production monitoring modules at a physical entity of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a virtual twin digital twin panel according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In this embodiment, a digital twin system for distributed measurement and control of a greenhouse environment is a digital twin system that can perform distributed and spatial three-dimensional real-time data acquisition and device regulation and control on a greenhouse environment, crops and a planting process thereof, and construct full-factor digital resource real-time mapping and data driving according to acquired data. As shown in fig. 1, the method specifically includes: the system comprises a physical entity, a server and a virtual twin body, wherein the physical entity is arranged in a greenhouse environment, and in order to meet the requirements of large-space and three-dimensional greenhouse distributed data monitoring and equipment regulation, the greenhouse environment is divided into different layers from top to bottom, and each layer is divided into different areas;
the physical entity consists of a plurality of crop production monitoring modules, and takes a crop photosynthetic rate value and a crop growth picture as the mapping of crop growth form; a crop production monitoring module is disposed in each zone of each layer and includes: the system comprises an MCU module, an environment sensor, environment regulation and control equipment, a wireless communication module, a rechargeable battery, a touch screen and a camera;
the MCU module is respectively connected with the environment sensor, the wireless communication module, the environment regulation and control equipment and the touch screen and is powered by a rechargeable battery;
the MCU module transmits environment data acquired by the environment sensor at regular time to the server through the wireless communication module, and meanwhile, the MCU module receives a control instruction of the server through the wireless communication module so as to control the working state of the environment regulation and control equipment;
the wireless communication module is used for data information interaction between the crop production monitoring module and the server;
the touch screen is used for displaying real-time measured environment data and the working state of the environment regulating and controlling equipment, and meanwhile, the touch screen acquires a touch instruction and sends the touch instruction to the MCU module so as to control the environment regulating and controlling equipment in real time;
the camera regularly takes a picture of the crops in the area of the layer in real time, and sends the obtained crop growth picture to a server for storage;
taking fig. 2 as an example, the greenhouse is divided into A, B two layers, each layer is divided into a plurality of regions, namely, the layer a is divided into n regions from Group-a-1 to Group-a-n, and the layer B is divided into n regions from Group-B-1 to Group-B-n to realize distributed monitoring, and meanwhile, the arrangement of sensors and environment regulation and control equipment is completed in each region, so that the environmental parameter acquisition and environment regulation and control in each region are realized, and the reliability of data and the environment regulation and control of full coverage are ensured; sensors used such as temperature and humidity sensors, light intensity sensors, carbon dioxide concentration sensors, and the like; a camera is placed in each area, preferably a network camera is used for recording growth form pictures of crops in real time, and the pictures can be transmitted to a server for storage;
for example, the MCU module selects to use the NodeMCU, and as the NodeMCU is an open-source Internet of things platform and comprises firmware capable of running on an ESP8266Wi-FiSoC chip and hardware based on an ESP-12 module, the data transmission of environment parameters, equipment states and the like acquired in each area is realized and transmitted to a server through the NodeMCU hardware and a wireless communication module thereof; the real-time display of environment data in a physical entity and the real-time control of environment regulation and control equipment are realized by using a 7-inch capacitive touch screen; providing power to the production monitoring module by a rechargeable battery;
the crop canopy height, environmental data, the working state of equipment and crop growth pictures which are regularly acquired in each area form monitoring data of a physical entity;
the server is a core part and consists of a database, a business logic module and a knowledge base, and is used for finishing data storage, information processing and system operation;
the knowledge base in the server is used for storing offline-trained crops of different types, crop photosynthetic rate-environmental parameter models of the same type in different growth periods and crop growth form models, obtaining crop growth form information such as a crop form profile picture, a plant height, a canopy diameter, a leaf area, a stem thickness, fruit number and size and the like by preprocessing a crop growth picture recorded in real time, dividing an image, extracting a profile and calculating parameters according to the crop growth form models, and selecting corresponding crop photosynthetic rate-environmental parameter models according to the crops and the different growth periods to obtain the photosynthetic rate value of the crops;
the service logic module classifies and stores the monitoring data of the physical entity in the database according to different areas, and classifies and stores the crop photosynthetic rate value, the crop growth form information and the control instruction of the server to the environment regulation and control equipment in the database, which are obtained by substituting the monitoring data of the physical entity into the knowledge base;
the business logic module carries out intelligent decision making according to the currently calculated photosynthetic rate value to obtain an environmental parameter target value of the optimal growth environment of the crops in the corresponding region in the physical entity, so that a control instruction of the target value is sent to the MCU module in the crop production monitoring module of the corresponding region, the MCU module controls the working state of the environmental regulation and control equipment in the corresponding region, and the environmental data in the corresponding region reaches the environmental parameter target value;
js Web framework, node is used as the framework of server, which can make writing the server with high expansibility easy and safe, and reduce the complexity of development.
The database in the server adopts a relational database MySQL, and classifies and stores data monitored by the physical entity end according to different areas of the physical entity, crop photosynthetic rate values obtained after the data monitored by the physical entity end is substituted into the knowledge base, and control instruction information sent by the server to the environment regulation and control equipment on the physical entity end;
the virtual twin body is a digital twin panel and consists of six interactive interfaces, namely an equipment state interface, an environment state interface, an equipment regulation interface, a crop growth picture interface, a crop photosynthetic rate interface and a crop growth form interface;
the system comprises an environment state interface, an equipment state interface and a crop photosynthetic rate interface, wherein the environment state interface, the equipment state interface and the crop photosynthetic rate interface are used for visually displaying and acquiring environment data, equipment states and crop photosynthetic rate values stored in a database of a server in a graphical mode in real time respectively;
the crop growth picture interface is used for displaying crop growth pictures shot by the camera in each area in the database in real time, or combining the crop growth pictures shot in each area in one layer according to the area division of the greenhouse environment, or combining the crop growth pictures of all the layers to obtain a crop growth panoramic image for displaying;
the crop growth form information interface is used for displaying a crop form outline picture obtained after the crop growth form model is processed, and displaying crop growth form information such as the plant height, the canopy diameter, the leaf area, the stem thickness, the fruit number, the fruit size and the like of a crop on the picture in a text form;
each interactive key and the graph thereof are arranged on the equipment regulation and control interface, the interactive key for the environmental equipment regulation and control corresponding to the graph is selected to send a panel control instruction to the server, so that a service logic module in the server analyzes the panel control instruction, the analyzed panel control instruction is obtained and stored in a database, and meanwhile, the panel control instruction is sent to a crop production monitoring module in the corresponding area to be used for controlling the environmental equipment regulation and control.
As shown in fig. 3, for example, the digital twin panel selects to construct an interactive interface based on the Unity3D platform, and correspondingly displays a crop growth picture, an environmental state, a crop photosynthetic rate, and an equipment state, respectively, and visualizes data in the interactive interface in a graphical form, so as to complete the presentation of real-time data, for example, in the equipment state interface, the corresponding environmental regulation and control equipment is represented by different graphs, and the effect of representing the working state of the regulation and control equipment is achieved by changing the representation form of the graphs; the method comprises the steps that data visualization is achieved in a histogram mode on an environment parameter interface, and the histogram is dynamically updated according to real-time data interaction with a database; displaying a crop growth picture photographed and recorded by a camera at the physical entity end in real time on a crop growth picture interface; displaying the extracted growth form information such as the crop form outline picture and the like on a crop growth form interface; on the photosynthetic rate interface of the crops, the form of a line graph can be selected, and the change and the trend of the photosynthetic rate value of the crops can be simply and visually represented; in addition, real-time control over the crop production monitoring environment equipment can be realized by utilizing the equipment regulation and control interface of the digital twin interface for interaction; and then, deriving and generating a WebGL format through a Unity3D platform, and carrying out secondary development by utilizing Vue, wherein Vue.
A crop producer knows the growth information of the crop at the physical entity end in the virtual twin through observing an environment state interface, a crop growth picture interface, a crop growth form interface and a crop photosynthetic rate interface of the digital twin panel, so that the environment regulation and control device of the crop production monitoring module is manually controlled through a device regulation and control interface; the control of the environment regulation and control equipment of the environment of the crop production monitoring module can also be realized through the intelligent decision of the service logic module of the server, the service logic module of the server makes a decision according to the crop photosynthetic rate predicted value output by the knowledge base, then the server and the crop production regulation and control module carry out data interaction, the corresponding environment regulation and control equipment works to control the environment parameters of the greenhouse to a target value, for example, if the crop needs to increase the illumination time and the illumination intensity, the turn-on of the light supplement lamp and the illumination intensity are regulated and controlled; if the air humidity of the environment where the crops are located is low, the opening of the humidifier is regulated and controlled to increase the air humidity in the greenhouse.
Therefore, real-time data interaction between the virtual twin body and the physical entity end is achieved through the server, simulation and mapping of the virtual twin body to the physical entity are achieved, intelligent decision regulation and control and accurate regulation and control of the environment regulation and control equipment are achieved, and then the effects of scientific production increase and income increase can be achieved.
Claims (1)
1. A digital twinning system for distributed measurement and control of greenhouse environment, comprising: the system comprises a physical entity, a server and a virtual twin body, wherein the physical entity is arranged in a greenhouse environment, the greenhouse environment is divided into different layers from top to bottom, and each layer is divided into different areas;
the physical entity consists of a plurality of crop production monitoring modules, and takes a crop photosynthetic rate value and a crop growth picture as the mapping of crop growth forms; the crop production monitoring module is disposed in each zone of each layer and includes: the system comprises an MCU module, an environment sensor, environment regulation and control equipment, a wireless communication module, a rechargeable battery, a touch screen and a camera;
the MCU module is respectively connected with the environment sensor, the wireless communication module, the environment regulation and control equipment and the touch screen and is powered by the rechargeable battery;
the MCU module transmits environment data acquired by the environment sensor at regular time to the server through the wireless communication module, and meanwhile, the MCU module receives a control instruction of the server through the wireless communication module so as to control the working state of the environment regulation and control equipment;
the wireless communication module is used for data information interaction between the crop production monitoring module and the server;
the touch screen is used for displaying real-time measured environment data and the working state of the environment regulation and control equipment, and meanwhile, the touch screen acquires a touch instruction and sends the touch instruction to the MCU module so as to control the environment regulation and control equipment in real time;
the camera regularly takes a picture of the growth form of the crops in the area of the layer in real time, and sends the obtained growth form picture of the crops to a server for storage;
the monitoring data of the physical entity is formed by environment data, working states of equipment and crop growth form pictures which are collected in each area at regular time;
the server is a core part and consists of a database, a business logic module and a knowledge base, and is used for finishing data storage, information processing and system operation;
the knowledge base is used for storing a crop physiology-environment model and a crop growth form model which are trained off line, wherein the crop growth form model is used for acquiring growth form information of crops, and the crop photosynthesis rate-environment parameter model is used for acquiring photosynthesis rate values of the crops according to the difference of the crops and the growth period;
the business logic module stores the monitoring data of the physical entity in the database in a classified manner according to different areas, and stores the crop photosynthetic rate value, the crop growth form information and the control instruction of the server to the environment regulation and control equipment in the database in a classified manner, wherein the crop photosynthetic rate value, the crop growth form information and the control instruction are obtained after the monitoring data of the physical entity are substituted into a knowledge base;
the business logic module carries out intelligent decision according to the currently calculated photosynthetic rate value to obtain an environmental parameter target value of the optimal growing environment of the crops in the corresponding region in the physical entity, so that a control instruction of the target value is sent to the MCU module in the crop production monitoring module in the corresponding region, the MCU module controls the working state of the environmental regulation and control equipment in the corresponding region, and the environmental data in the corresponding region reaches the environmental parameter target value;
the virtual twin body is a digital twin panel and consists of six interactive interfaces, namely an equipment state interface, an environment state interface, an equipment regulation interface, a crop growth picture interface, a crop photosynthetic rate interface and a crop growth form interface;
the environment state interface, the equipment state interface and the crop photosynthetic rate interface are used for visually displaying and acquiring environment data, equipment states and crop photosynthetic rate values stored in a database of the server in real time in a graphical mode respectively;
the crop growth picture interface is used for displaying crop growth pictures shot by the camera in each area in the database in real time, or combining the crop growth form pictures shot in each area in one layer according to the area division of the greenhouse environment, or combining the crop growth form pictures of all the layers to obtain a crop growth form panoramic image for display;
the crop growth form interface is used for displaying crop growth pictures shot by the camera in each area in the database in real time and displaying crop growth form information obtained after the crop growth form model processing;
the crop growth state information comprises extracted shape profile pictures, plant height, canopy diameter, leaf area, stem thickness, fruit number and size of the crop;
and each interactive key and the graph thereof are arranged on the equipment regulation and control interface, the interactive key for environmental equipment regulation and control corresponding to the corresponding graph is selected to send a panel control instruction to the server, so that a service logic module in the server analyzes the panel control instruction, the analyzed panel control instruction is obtained and stored in a database, and meanwhile, the panel control instruction is sent to a crop production monitoring module in the corresponding area for controlling the environmental equipment regulation and control.
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| CN116909166A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-10-20 | 北京信通云峰科技有限公司 | Digital twin virtual simulation processing method and system |
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| CN116909166A (en) * | 2023-05-15 | 2023-10-20 | 北京信通云峰科技有限公司 | Digital twin virtual simulation processing method and system |
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