CN115718006A - Testing device and method for simulating on-way pressure loss of horizontal drilling grouting - Google Patents
Testing device and method for simulating on-way pressure loss of horizontal drilling grouting Download PDFInfo
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- CN115718006A CN115718006A CN202211503258.4A CN202211503258A CN115718006A CN 115718006 A CN115718006 A CN 115718006A CN 202211503258 A CN202211503258 A CN 202211503258A CN 115718006 A CN115718006 A CN 115718006A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device and a testing method for simulating horizontal drilling grouting on-way pressure loss, which are sequentially connected with a grouting system, a horizontal drilling grouting simulation system and a tail end pressure control system, wherein the horizontal drilling grouting simulation system is connected with a reducing simulation system in parallel, branches are connected with a short circuit simulation system in series, the horizontal drilling grouting simulation system is used for simulating on-way pressure loss under a normal grouting working condition, the short circuit simulation system is used for simulating on-way pressure loss under a grouting short circuit working condition, and the reducing simulation system is used for simulating on-way pressure loss under a hole collapse reducing working condition. The adjustable fracture simulator simulates the fractures in the injected rock mass, the fracture opening can be calculated through the flow distribution, the pressure, the slurry proportion and the dynamic viscosity coefficient, and the pressure distribution condition in the hole after the grouting short circuit under different fracture openings is simulated by adjusting the size of the gate valve on the flow distribution pipe. The pipe diameters are quickly switched through a parallel pipeline system, and the on-way pressure loss and the local pressure loss under the condition of hole collapse and shrinkage are simulated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water blockage of water grouting for mine prevention and control, and particularly relates to a test device and a method for simulating on-way pressure loss of horizontal drilling grouting.
Background
Along with the increase of the coal mining depth, the high-pressure-bearing underground water of a coal seam floor threatens the mine safety, and the high-pressure grouting transformation of the high-pressure-bearing aquifer of the floor by utilizing the ground directional grouting drilling is the most effective method for preventing and treating the water damage of the floor at present, wherein the grouting pressure is an important technical index, the pressure of the slurry in the hole is smaller than the sum of the pressure of the orifice and the pressure of the liquid column due to the existence of resistance such as viscous force, friction force and the like along the course pressure loss, and the factors influencing the pressure loss of the slurry mainly comprise the viscosity (specific gravity) of the slurry, the pressure stage, the grouting flow, the drilling length, the fracture opening and the like; in addition, the crack opening degree in the stratum is larger under high grouting pressure, and even the crack is communicated with other cracks or roadways and goafs, so that the phenomenon of grouting short circuit is generated, and the pressure in the hole is redistributed. Because the drill hole is long (1500-2000 m) and the grouting pressure is high (more than 20 MPa), the conventional pressure sensing monitoring instrument cannot be put into the deep drill hole and cannot bear the high pressure, and the on-way pressure loss can not be monitored in the grouting drill hole. The development of a test device capable of simulating the on-way pressure loss of long-distance horizontal drilling high-pressure grouting is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a testing device and a method for simulating the on-way pressure loss of horizontal drilling grouting.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a test device for simulating horizontal drilling grouting on-way pressure loss is provided with: the grouting system, the horizontal drilling grouting simulation system and the tail end pressure control system are connected in sequence, the reducing simulation system 3 is arranged on the horizontal drilling grouting simulation system in parallel, the branches are connected in series to form a short circuit simulation system, the horizontal drilling grouting simulation system is used for simulating the on-way pressure loss under the normal grouting working condition, the short circuit simulation system simulates the on-way pressure loss under the grouting short circuit working condition, and the reducing simulation system simulates the on-way pressure loss under the hole collapse reducing working condition.
Optionally, the grouting system is provided with a grouting pool, a slurry suction pipe and a grouting pump, and the grouting pump is provided with a first pressure gauge.
Optionally, the horizontal drilling grouting simulation system is provided with a slurry conveying pipe, the slurry conveying pipe is connected with the grouting pump, a second pressure gauge, a third pressure gauge and a first flow gauge are sequentially arranged on the slurry conveying pipe at intervals, the slurry conveying pipe behind the first flow gauge is provided with a branch pipe, the branch pipe is connected with the necking simulation system, and a second ball valve is arranged on the branch pipe; then, a first ball valve and a first tee joint are further arranged on the slurry conveying pipe, two ends of the first tee joint are connected with the slurry conveying pipe, and the third end of the first tee joint is connected with a short circuit simulation system; the slurry conveying pipe behind the first tee joint is provided with another branch pipe which is also connected with the necking simulation system to form a loop; and a fourth pressure gauge and a second flow gauge are also arranged on the slurry conveying pipe behind the necking simulation system.
Optionally, the slurry conveying pipe is a 16MPa steel wire braided rubber pipe, the length of each rubber pipe is 10 or 20m, and the rubber pipes are connected through a straight-through quick connector.
Optionally, the reducing simulation system is provided with a first necking simulation pipeline and a second necking simulation pipeline which are connected in parallel; the first necking simulation pipeline is realized by connecting a second tee joint and a third tee joint which are arranged with a first necking pipe, and the first necking pipe is provided with a third ball valve; the second necking down simulation pipeline is realized by connecting a second necking down pipe through a first right-angle reducer union and a second right-angle reducer union, and a fourth ball valve is arranged on the second necking down pipe.
Optionally, the short-circuit simulation system includes a third flow meter, a fifth pressure meter, a fifth ball valve and an adjustable fracture simulator, which are arranged on the slurry pipe and used for controlling the split flow.
Optionally, the adjustable crack simulator set up and hold the chamber, set up the spacing groove on holding the lateral wall in chamber, the limiting plate is established to the card on the spacing groove, connects the rotation regulation pole through the ball joint on the limiting plate, the rotation regulation pole passes through helicitic texture with the roof that holds the chamber and is connected.
Optionally, the short-circuit simulation system simulates different crack opening degrees by adjusting the height of the limiting plate in the limiting groove, and the crack opening degree can be calculated according to the following formula:
q＝Q/B；
in the formula: b, fracture opening, m; mu cement slurry dynamic viscosity coefficient, N.s/m 2 (ii) a q single wide flow, m 2 S; volume weight of gamma cement slurry, N/m 3 (ii) a J hydraulic slope drop; q split flow, m 2 S; and B, adjusting the width of a bin in the crack simulator.
A test method for simulating horizontal drilling grouting on-way pressure loss is completed by adopting any test device for simulating horizontal drilling grouting on-way pressure loss;
the method comprises the following steps: on-way pressure loss under simulation of normal grouting working condition
Opening the first ball valve and the gate valve, and closing the second ball valve and the fifth ball valve;
performing a test according to the test design parameters, adjusting the tail end pressure through a gate valve, and observing the reading of a fifth pressure gauge as the tail end pressure; the flow is adjusted by a grouting pump, and the specific gravity of the slurry is adjusted by a slurry making pool;
step two: simulation of on-way pressure loss under grouting short-circuit working condition
Opening the first ball valve and the fifth ball valve, opening the gate valve and closing the second ball valve;
performing a test according to parameters of the test design, adjusting the flow rate through an adjustable fracture simulator, and observing through a third flow meter;
step four: on-way pressure loss under simulated hole collapse and hole shrinkage working condition
Relationship of inner diameters of pipelines: the slurry conveying pipe is larger than the first reducing pipe and the second reducing pipe; and closing the first ball valve and the fifth ball valve, opening the second ball valve and the third ball valve or the fourth ball valve, and opening the gate valve.
Optionally, the method further comprises a test scheme design, wherein five factors including flow, slurry specific gravity, terminal pressure, pipeline diameter and split flow are selected, each factor is set to be three levels, and the test design is as follows:
TABLE 1
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the design is novel, the operation is convenient, the test system adopts a modular assembly mode, and the positions of all components can be flexibly adjusted; the simulation effect is closer to the actual situation by adopting the high-pressure resistant part; the simulation of grouting pressure loss under multiple main control factors such as slurry proportion, grouting flow, drilling length, fracture opening, grouting short circuit position and reducing degree can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simulation test apparatus for on-the-way pressure loss of horizontal grouting drilling according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side cross-sectional view of the adjustable fracture simulator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view of the adjustable fracture simulator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the on-way pressure loss of cement slurry at 250, 160 and 90L/min flow rates with no tip pressure under normal grouting conditions;
FIG. 5 is a graph of on-way pressure loss at different end pressures at a flow rate of 250L/min under normal grouting conditions;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the on-way pressure loss of each specific gravity cement slurry under the normal grouting condition, wherein the flow rate of the specific gravity cement slurry is 250L/min at the tail end under the 1 MPa;
FIG. 7 is a graph of on-way pressure loss at different shunt rates under the "short circuit" condition of grouting;
in the figure: 1-a grouting system, 11-a pulping pool, 12-a slurry suction pipe, 13-a grouting pump and 14-a first pressure gauge;
2-horizontal drilling grouting simulation system, 21 slurry conveying pipe, 22-second pressure gauge, 23-third pressure gauge, 24-first flow gauge, 25-first ball valve, 26-first tee joint, 27-fourth pressure gauge, 28-second flow gauge and 29-second ball valve;
3-reducing simulation system, 31-first reducing simulation pipeline, 311-second tee joint, 312-third ball valve, 313-first reducing pipe and 314-third tee joint; 32-a second necking simulation pipeline, 321-a first right-angle reducer union, 322-a fourth ball valve, 323-a second necking pipe and 324-a second right-angle reducer union;
4-a short circuit simulation system, 41-a third flow meter, 42-a fifth pressure meter, 43-a fifth ball valve, 44-an adjustable crack simulator, 441-a containing cavity, 4411-a limiting groove, 442-a limiting plate, 443-a rotary adjusting rod and 444-a spherical connector;
5-a terminal pressure control system; 51-sixth pressure gauge, 52-gate valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings to assist those skilled in the art in more complete, accurate and thorough understanding of the inventive concepts and technical solutions of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to solve the problems of on-way pressure attenuation in the ground directional grouting drilling process, grouting short circuit, and pressure distribution in holes after hole collapse and hole shrinkage. The testing system comprises main components such as a pulping tank, a slurry pump, a slurry conveying pipe, a reducer pipe, a pressure gauge, a flow meter, a gate valve, a ball valve, an adjustable crack simulator and the like. Preparing cement slurry with a designed specific gravity in a slurry preparation pool, pressurizing and injecting the cement slurry into a slurry conveying pipe through a slurry pump, and simulating the pressure distribution condition in holes at different slurry injection pressure stages by controlling the tail end pressure of the slurry conveying pipe through a gate valve at the tail end of the device; the pressure distribution condition in the holes of each grouting pressure stage under different slurry proportions is simulated by adjusting the proportion. The adjustable fracture simulator can simulate the fracture in the injected rock mass, the fracture opening can be calculated through the flow distribution, the pressure, the slurry proportion and the dynamic viscosity coefficient, and the pressure distribution condition in the hole after the grouting short circuit under different fracture openings can be simulated by adjusting the size of the gate valve on the flow distribution pipe. The pipe diameters are quickly switched through the parallel pipeline systems, and the on-way pressure loss and the local pressure loss under the hole collapse and shrinkage condition are simulated.
The grouting short circuit means that in the horizontal drilling and grouting process, along with the increase of the pressure in a hole, the originally closed fracture in the stratum is split and opened, the fracture which is not exposed but is close to the drilled hole is punctured and communicated, and slurry enters the new fracture channels midway to generate the phenomenon of grouting short circuit. Grouting short circuit can cause grouting pressure in the drill hole to redistribute, grouting pressure after the short circuit point can be greatly reduced, insufficient grouting is caused, and the treatment effect is poor.
The invention relates to a test device for simulating horizontal drilling grouting on-way pressure loss, which is connected with a device in a mode of figure 1 and comprises four systems: the grouting simulation system comprises a grouting system 1, a horizontal drilling grouting simulation system 2 and a tail end pressure control system 5 which are sequentially connected, wherein a reducing simulation system 3 is arranged on the horizontal drilling grouting simulation system 2 in parallel, a short circuit simulation system 4 is arranged in series in a branch, the horizontal drilling grouting simulation system 2 is used for simulating the on-way pressure loss under the normal grouting working condition, the short circuit simulation system 4 simulates the on-way pressure loss under the grouting short circuit working condition, and the reducing simulation system 3 simulates the on-way pressure loss under the hole collapse reducing working condition; the simulation effect is closer to the actual situation by adopting the high-pressure resistant part; the simulation of grouting pressure loss under multiple main control factors such as slurry proportion, grouting flow, drilling length, fracture opening, grouting short circuit position and reducing degree can be realized.
The grouting system 1 is provided with a grouting pool 11, a slurry suction pipe 12 and a grouting pump 13 (three gears), and the grouting pump 13 is provided with a first pressure gauge 14.
The horizontal drilling grouting simulation system 2 is provided with a slurry conveying pipe 21, the slurry conveying pipe 21 is connected with a grouting pump 13, a second pressure gauge 22, a third pressure gauge 23 and a first flow gauge 24 are sequentially arranged on the slurry conveying pipe 21 at intervals, a branch pipe is arranged on the slurry conveying pipe 21 behind the first flow gauge 24, the branch pipe is connected with the necking simulation system 3, and a second ball valve 29 is arranged on the branch pipe; then, a first ball valve 25 and a first tee 26 are further arranged on the slurry conveying pipe 21, two ends of the first tee 26 are connected with the slurry conveying pipe 21, and the third end is connected with the short circuit simulation system 4; another branch pipe is arranged on the pulp conveying pipe 21 behind the first tee joint 26 and is also connected with the necking simulation system 3 to form a loop; a fourth pressure gauge 27 and a second flow gauge 28 are also arranged on the pulp conveying pipe 21 behind the necking simulation system 3; the slurry conveying pipe 21 is a 16MPa steel wire woven rubber pipe, the length of each rubber pipe is 10 or 20m, and the rubber pipes are connected through a straight-through quick connector.
The necking simulation system 3 is provided with a first necking simulation pipeline 31 and a second necking simulation pipeline 32 which are connected in parallel; the first necking simulation pipeline 31 is connected with a first necking pipe 313 through a second tee 311 and a third tee 314, and a third ball valve 312 is arranged on the first necking pipe 313; the second necking simulation pipeline 32 is connected with a second necking pipe 323 through a first right-angle reducer 321 and a second right-angle reducer 324, and a fourth ball valve 322 is arranged on the second necking pipe 323.
With reference to fig. 2 and 3, the short-circuit simulation system 4 includes a third flow meter 41, a fifth pressure meter 42, a fifth ball valve 43 and an adjustable fracture simulator 44, which are arranged on the slurry pipe 21 and control the split flow. Adjustable crack simulator 44 sets up and holds chamber 441, the spacing groove that sets up the uniform height on the lateral wall that holds chamber 441, the limiting plate is established to the card on the spacing groove, connect rotatory regulation pole through the ball joint head on the limiting plate, rotatory regulation pole passes through the helicitic texture with the roof that holds chamber 441 and is connected, rotation through rotatory regulation pole realizes vertical displacement change like this, the ball joint head guarantees the rotation on the one hand and adjusts being connected of pole and limiting plate, on the other hand can not restrict the rotation of rotatory regulation pole, the limiting plate removes at the uniform height within range along the spacing groove under the drive of rotatory regulation pole like this, thereby the volume that holds chamber 441 is held in the change, and then simulate different crack width, control is by the thick liquid flow that defeated thick liquid pipe 21 left.
The end pressure control system 5 comprises a gate valve 52 which is arranged at the tail end of the slurry conveying pipe 21 and controls the end pressure and a sixth pressure gauge 51.
In the invention, the measuring range of the pressure gauge is 0-20 MPa and the pressure gauge is uniformly arranged on the pulp conveying pipe 21 at certain intervals if no special description is provided.
In the invention, unless otherwise specified, the flow meter is an electromagnetic flow meter with the measuring range of 3.12-46 m 3 The flow rate of cement slurry in each pipeline is measured;
the short circuit simulation system 4 simulates different crack openness by adjusting the height of the limiting plate in the limiting groove, and the crack openness can be calculated according to the following formula:
q＝Q/B；
J＝P/L；
in the formula: b, fracture opening, m; mu cement slurry dynamic viscosity coefficient, N.s/m 2 (ii) a q single wide flow, m 2 S; volume weight of gamma cement slurry, N/m 3 (ii) a J hydraulic slope drop; q split flow (reading of third flow meter 41), m 2 S; b, adjusting the width m of an inner bin of the crack simulator; p reading of the fifth pressure gauge 42, MPa; l the length of the bin in the crack simulator, m, can be adjusted.
The test method for simulating the on-way pressure loss of the horizontal grouting drill hole adopts the test device to simulate the process, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: design of test protocol
For cement slurries, the main influencing factors of the on-way pressure loss are the flow rate, the specific gravity of the slurry and the end pressure, and the influencing factors of the local pressure loss are the flow rate and the slurryLiquid specific gravity and pipe diameter. Therefore, in order to simulate the on-way pressure loss under three working conditions of normal grouting, short circuit of grouting and hole collapse shrinkage, the flow rate (250L/min, 160L/min and 90L/min), the specific gravity of the grout (1.2, 1.4 and 1.5), the end pressure (0 MPa, 1MPa and 2 MPa), the pipeline diameter (50 mm, 40mm and 32 mm) and the flow split rate (0 m) 3 /h、4m 3 /h、8m 3 H) five factors, each set at three levels, the experimental design is as follows:
TABLE 1
Step two: on-the-way pressure loss under simulation of normal grouting working condition
The first ball valve 24 and the gate valve 52 are opened, and the second ball valve 29 and the fifth ball valve 43 are closed.
And (5) carrying out the test according to the parameters of the serial numbers 1-9 in the test design table in the step one. The end pressure is regulated by means of a gate valve 52 and the reading of a fifth pressure gauge 51 is observed as end pressure. The flow rate is adjusted by the grouting pump 13. The specific gravity of the slurry is adjusted by the slurrying tank 11. For example, the specific operation of test No. 1 is as follows:
(1) Starting the pulping tank 11, and adjusting the specific gravity of the pulp to 1.2;
(2) After the slurry is prepared, opening a grouting pump 13 to set the flow rate to be 250L/min, and starting slurry conveying;
(3) The gate valve 52 is fully opened, and the pressure at the tail end is 0MPa;
(4) And recording data after the readings of the pressure meters and the flow meters are stable. Recording the pressure of a pressure gauge at different distances on the pipeline, drawing various series of curves by taking the distance as an abscissa and the pressure as an ordinate and taking the flow, the specific gravity of the slurry and the pressure at the tail end as variables respectively, and obtaining simulation results of on-way pressure loss under different influence factors.
The test methods for the remaining numbers 2 to 8 were the same as above.
Step three: simulation of on-way pressure loss under grouting short-circuit working condition
The first ball valve 25 and the fifth ball valve 43 are opened, the gate valve 52 is opened, and the second ball valve 29 is closed.
And (5) carrying out the test according to the parameters of the serial numbers 10-13 in the test design table in the step one. The split flow is adjusted by the adjustable fracture simulator 44 and observed by the third flow meter 41. For example, the test method No. 10 is as follows:
(1) Preparing cement paste with the specific gravity of 1.4;
(2) Adjusting the grouting flow to 250L/min;
(3) The gate valve 52 is opened, and the tail end pressure is 0MPa;
(4) The rotating rotary adjustment rod 443 adjusts the adjustable fracture simulator 44 such that the third flow meter 41 reads 4m 3 /h；
(5) And recording data after the readings of the pressure gauge and the flow meter are stable. Recording the pressure and the shunt flow of a pressure gauge at different distances on the pipeline, drawing various curves by taking the distance as an abscissa and the pressure as an ordinate and respectively taking the shunt flow, the specific gravity of the slurry and the terminal pressure as variables, and obtaining a simulation result of the on-way pressure loss under the grouting short-circuit working condition.
The test methods for Nos. 11 to 13 were the same as those described above.
Step four: on-way pressure loss under simulated hole collapse and hole shrinkage working condition
Relationship of inner diameters of pipelines: a pulp conveying pipe 21 (50 mm) > a first reducer 313 (40 mm) > a second reducer 323 (32 mm);
the first ball valve 25 and the fifth ball valve 43 are closed, the second ball valve 29 and the third ball valve 312 (or the fourth ball valve 323, adjusted according to the inner diameter of the pipeline required by the design) are opened, and the gate valve 52 is opened. For example, the test method of serial No. 14 is:
(1) Preparing cement slurry with the specific gravity of 1.4;
(2) Opening the third ball valve 312 and closing the fourth ball valve 323;
(3) Adjusting the grouting flow to 250L/min, and starting to convey the slurry;
(4) The gate valve 52 is opened, and the pressure at the tail end is 0MPa;
(5) And recording data after the readings of each pressure gauge and each flow meter are stable. Recording the pressure and the flow distribution of a pressure gauge at different distances on the pipeline, and drawing various curves by taking the distance as an abscissa and the pressure as an ordinate and taking the slurry specific gravity, the tail end pressure and the pipeline diameter as variables respectively to obtain a simulation result of the on-way pressure loss under the working condition of hole collapse and hole shrinkage.
The test methods for Nos. 15 to 17 were the same as those described above.
Step five: collate analytical test data
And (5) drawing an on-way pressure attenuation curve under various working conditions through test data. The method specifically comprises the step of drawing an on-way pressure loss curve by using a controlled variable method and taking the distance as an abscissa and the pressure as an ordinate. For example: the on-way pressure loss curve is plotted with flow as an independent variable, and the tail end pressure can be selected at a certain fixed level, the specific gravity of the slurry is ignored, and three curves are plotted in the same graph. The results of some of the tests are shown in FIGS. 4-7:
1) The on-way pressure loss curve of the end non-pressure cement slurry under the normal grouting working condition at the flow rates of 250L/min, 160L/min and 90L/min is shown in figure 4, the pressure loss is larger when the flow rate is larger, and the loss rate is also larger.
2) The graph of the on-way pressure loss curve under different terminal pressures at the flow rate of 250L/min under the normal grouting working condition is shown in fig. 5, and it can be known that under the constant grouting flow rate, the higher the terminal pressure is, the higher the grouting pressure is, the greater the pressure loss forward-way is than the backward-way, the pressure loss rate is reduced along with the hole depth, and the similar law is presented under different terminal pressures.
3) The pressure loss curve of each specific gravity cement paste along the way under the condition of the tail end 1MPa flow rate of 250L/min under the normal grouting working condition is shown in figure 6, and the pressure loss is slightly increased when the specific gravity is larger.
4) The on-way pressure loss curve under different shunt quantities under the grouting short-circuit working condition is shown in fig. 7, the higher the shunt quantity is, the lower the integral pressure in the pipeline is, and the length of the tail end non-pressure section is increased along with the increase of the shunt quantity.
The comparison of the importance degree of each factor under the same working condition is determined by the extreme difference of pressure loss. That is, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the pressure loss at different levels of a factor is calculated according to the curve drawn above, and the larger the difference is, the larger the influence degree of the factor is, the more important the factor is.
According to results obtained by the test device and the method, analysis shows that the pressure loss is larger when the on-way pressure loss of the ground directional hole grouting is larger in flow, the loss is larger in the front-way and smaller in the rear-way, the loss rate is gradually reduced along with the hole depth, and different terminal pressures show similar rules. When the grouting short circuit occurs midway, the on-way pressure is integrally reduced, the early attenuation is carried out to zero pressure, and the length of the non-pressure section in the hole is increased along with the flow distribution. The depth of the drilling hole is controlled according to the final grouting pressure, the hole is not too long, and the abnormal structure and the roadway bottom plate are subjected to pressure testing to ensure that the short circuit phenomenon of grouting does not occur during grouting. The hole collapse and shrinkage will generate local huge pressure difference, so that the grouting pressure of the drill hole behind the shrinkage section is reduced sharply, and the grouting improvement treatment effect is influenced, so that the drill hole can ensure enough bedding rate, and the drill hole can be ensured to drill in hard limestone to avoid the hole collapse and shrinkage.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed, and that various insubstantial modifications of the inventive concepts and solutions, or their direct application to other applications without such modifications, are intended to be covered by the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a test device of simulation horizontal drilling slip casting along journey pressure loss which characterized in that sets up:
grouting system (1) that connects gradually, horizontal drilling slip casting analog system (2) and terminal pressure control system (5), parallelly connected undergauge analog system (3) that sets up on horizontal drilling slip casting analog system (2), the branch is established ties and is set up short circuit analog system (4), horizontal drilling slip casting analog system (2) are used for simulating the loss of pressure along the journey under the normal slip casting operating mode, the loss of pressure along the journey under the slip casting short circuit operating mode is simulated in short circuit analog system (4), undergauge loss of pressure under the hole undergauge operating mode that collapses is simulated in undergauge analog system (3).
2. The test device for simulating the in-situ pressure loss of horizontal drilling grouting according to claim 1, wherein the grouting system (1) is provided with a grouting pool (11), a slurry suction pipe (12) and a grouting pump (13), and the grouting pump (13) is provided with a first pressure gauge (14).
3. The testing device for simulating the on-way pressure loss of horizontal drilling grouting according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a grouting pipe (21) is arranged in the horizontal drilling grouting simulation system (2), the grouting pipe (21) is connected with a grouting pump (13), a second pressure gauge (22), a third pressure gauge (23) and a first flow gauge (24) are sequentially arranged on the grouting pipe (21) at intervals, a branch pipe is arranged on the grouting pipe (21) behind the first flow gauge (24), the branch pipe is connected with the necking simulation system (3), and a second ball valve (29) is arranged on the branch pipe; then, a first ball valve (25) and a first tee joint (26) are further arranged on the slurry conveying pipe (21), two ends of the first tee joint (26) are connected with the slurry conveying pipe (21), and the third end of the first tee joint is connected with a short-circuit simulation system (4); another branch pipe is arranged on the pulp conveying pipe (21) behind the first tee joint (26) and is also connected with the necking simulation system (3) to form a loop; a fourth pressure gauge (27) and a second flow gauge (28) are also arranged on the pulp conveying pipe (21) behind the necking simulation system (3).
4. The testing device for simulating the on-way pressure loss of horizontal drilling grouting according to claim 3, wherein the grout conveying pipe (21) is a 16MPa steel wire woven rubber pipe, the length of each rubber pipe is 10 or 20m, and the rubber pipes are connected through a through quick connector.
5. The test device for simulating the on-way pressure loss of horizontal drilling grouting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reducing simulation system (3) is provided with a first reducing simulation pipeline (31) and a second reducing simulation pipeline (32) which are connected in parallel; the first necking simulation pipeline (31) is connected with a first necking pipe (313) through a second tee joint (311) and a third tee joint (314), and a third ball valve (312) is arranged on the first necking pipe (313); the second necking simulation pipeline (32) passes through a first right-angle reducer union (321) and a second right-angle reducer union (324)
The connection of the second necking pipe (323) is realized, and a fourth ball valve (322) is arranged on the second necking pipe (323).
6. The test device for simulating the pressure loss along the way of horizontal borehole grouting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the short circuit simulation system (4) comprises a third flow meter (41) for controlling the flow rate, a fifth pressure meter (42), a fifth ball valve (43) and an adjustable fracture simulator (44) which are arranged on the slurry conveying pipe (21).
7. The testing device for simulating the in-situ pressure loss of horizontal drilling grouting according to claim 6, wherein the adjustable fracture simulator (44) is provided with a containing cavity (441), a limiting groove (4411) is formed in the side wall of the containing cavity (441), a limiting plate (442) is clamped on the limiting groove (4411), a rotary adjusting rod (443) is connected to the limiting plate (442) through a spherical connector (444), and the rotary adjusting rod (443) is in threaded connection with the top plate of the containing cavity (441).
8. The testing apparatus for simulating in-situ pressure loss in horizontal borehole grouting according to claim 6, wherein the short circuit simulation system (4) simulates different crack opening degrees by adjusting the height of the limiting plate (442) in the limiting groove (4411), and the crack opening degrees can be calculated according to the following formula:
q＝Q/B；
in the formula: b, fracture opening, m; mu cement slurry dynamic viscosity coefficient, N.s/m 2 (ii) a q single wide flow, m 2 S; volume weight of gamma cement slurry, N/m 3 (ii) a J hydraulic slope drop; q split flow, m 2 S; and B, adjusting the width of a bin in the crack simulator.
9. A test method for simulating horizontal borehole grouting on-way pressure loss, which is characterized in that the test method is completed by using the test device for simulating horizontal borehole grouting on-way pressure loss according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
the method comprises the following steps: on-way pressure loss under simulation of normal grouting working condition
Opening the first ball valve (24) and the gate valve (52), and closing the second ball valve (29) and the fifth ball valve (43);
performing a test according to the test design parameters, adjusting the tail end pressure through a gate valve (52), and observing the reading of a fifth pressure gauge (51) to obtain the tail end pressure; the flow is adjusted by a grouting pump (13), and the specific gravity of the slurry is adjusted by a slurry making pool (11);
step two: on-the-way pressure loss under simulated grouting short-circuit working condition
Opening the first ball valve (25) and the fifth ball valve (43), opening the gate valve (52), and closing the second ball valve (29);
performing a test according to parameters of the test design, adjusting the flow split through an adjustable fracture simulator (44), and observing through a third flow meter (41);
step four: on-way pressure loss under simulated hole collapse and hole shrinkage working condition
Relationship of inner diameters of pipelines: a pulp conveying pipe (21) > a first reducing pipe (313) > a second reducing pipe (323); and closing the first ball valve (25) and the fifth ball valve (43), opening the second ball valve (29) and the third ball valve (312) or the fourth ball valve (323), and opening the gate valve (52).
10. The test method for simulating in-situ pressure loss of horizontal borehole grouting according to claim 9, characterized by further comprising a test scheme design, wherein five factors of flow rate, specific gravity of slurry, end pressure, pipeline diameter and split flow rate are selected, each factor is provided with three levels, and the test scheme is as follows:
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