CN206174944U - System for gap water conservancy diversion subsides analogue means and simulation hydraulic fracturing - Google Patents
System for gap water conservancy diversion subsides analogue means and simulation hydraulic fracturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN206174944U CN206174944U CN201621022231.3U CN201621022231U CN206174944U CN 206174944 U CN206174944 U CN 206174944U CN 201621022231 U CN201621022231 U CN 201621022231U CN 206174944 U CN206174944 U CN 206174944U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a system for gap water conservancy diversion subsides analogue means and simulation hydraulic fracturing, the device include man -made fracture (9), the man -made fracture includes: the first section that has the gap for the simulation proppant is migration and sedimentation process in the crack underground, but and has a second section in switching gap for the rock stratum cleft process of simulation load fluid in with secret crack. This disclosed gap water conservancy diversion subsides analogue means and can adjust artifical fissured size, carries out the hydraulic fracturing simulation to the secret crack of a certain size to the load fluid that awaits measuring, can collect the data such as sedimentation rate, migration orbit and sand barrier form of proppant among the simulation process to preferred construction parameter such as optimum proppant kind, sand ratio and load fluid discharge capacity.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to petroleum works field, in particular it relates to a kind of gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means and simulation waterpower
The system of pressure break.
Background technology
Hydraulic fracturing plays highly important effect as the important storey increase design measure of oil and gas development.Due in water
Force during splitting, the Transport Law of proppant influences laying form of the proppant in crack, so as to determine fracturing reform
Final effect.Therefore, the Transport Law to proppant in crack conducts a research great necessity.
At present, migration and laying rule of the proppant in Domestic Oil And Gas Fields scene FRACTURING DESIGN simulation load fluid in crack
During rule, often by rule of thumb or theoretical calculation.The experimental provision of foreign study proppant rule has concentric drums device and board device,
But its experimental provision does not have and determines lab simulation parameter according to principle of similarity, and plant bulk is smaller, can only be to support
The sedimentation of agent is simply studied, it is impossible to is studied the accumulation of whaleback and is laid rule, cannot also simulate load fluid by crack rock stratum
The process rived.Additionally, existing analogue means the leak-off and well for not considering the rough of crack wall, fracturing fluid in crack
Cylinder perforation diameter and density, therefore have larger discrepancy with actual conditions.
Utility model content
The purpose of the disclosure is to provide a kind of gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means, and the device can more accurately be simulated and take sand
The migration and infall process of proppant in liquid in subterranean fracture, can also simulate load fluid leak-off in the earth formation and by ground
The process that the rock stratum in lower crack is rived, the existing analogue means of solution differs larger technology with actual hydraulic fracturing process and asks
Topic.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a kind of system for simulating hydraulic fracturing.The system can be simulated more accurately
The migration and infall process of proppant in load fluid in subterranean fracture, can also simulate load fluid by the rock stratum of subterranean fracture
The process rived.
To achieve these goals, the disclosure provides a kind of gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means, and the device includes manually splitting
Seam, the man-made fracture includes：
Has apertured first paragraph, for simulating migration of the proppant in load fluid in subterranean fracture and settling
Journey；And
With the second segment that can be opened and closed gap, for simulating the process that load fluid rives the rock stratum in subterranean fracture.
Alternatively, the man-made fracture includes the first side plate and the second side plate that vertically set, first side
Plate and the second side plate parallel interval set to form the gap of the first paragraph；
Second side plate includes fixed plate and along perpendicular to plate face direction moveable plate, the portable plate and institute
State and be provided with elastic component between fixed plate, the elastic component causes to form described between the portable plate and first side plate
Two sections described is opened and closed gap；
The circumference in the be opened and closed gap of the gap of the first paragraph and the second segment is sealed；The two of the circumferential seal
Fluid intake and fluid issuing are respectively arranged with individual side.
Alternatively, the elastic component is compression spring, and described compression spring one end is supported in the fixed plate, the other end
Support on the portable plate.
Alternatively, the man-made fracture also includes what is be vertically arranged along two sides of first side plate and the second side plate
First duct and the second duct, first duct and the second duct are respectively equipped with level side towards the side inside the gap
To perforation；The fluid intake of the man-made fracture is arranged at the top in first duct, and the fluid of the man-made fracture goes out
Mouth is arranged at the top in second duct.
Alternatively, first side plate is transparent panel, and the system also includes high-speed camera equipment, for by described transparent
The first side plate shoot migration and the infall process of proppant in the man-made fracture.
Alternatively, first side plate is formed as rough surface positioned at least a portion inner surface of the first paragraph.
Alternatively, first side plate is formed as smooth surface positioned at least a portion inner surface of the first paragraph.
Alternatively, second side plate also includes imitative rock beam, and the imitative rock beam is removable installed in second side plate
Inner surface, the filter loss of the imitative rock beam can adjust.
Alternatively, by the filter loss for changing the species of imitative rock beam to adjust the imitative rock beam, the imitative rock beam be selected from
At least one in shale plate, sand rock plate, tight stratum plate and ultralow close rock stratum plate.
The disclosure also provides a kind of system for simulating hydraulic fracturing, and the system includes：
Conveying device, for conveying load fluid；And
Above-mentioned gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means, for simulating migration of the proppant in load fluid in subterranean fracture
The rock stratum in subterranean fracture is rived process with infall process and load fluid；
Wherein, the fluid intake of the gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means is connected with the fluid issuing of the conveying device.
Alternatively, the system also includes device for storing liquid, and the outlet of the device for storing liquid connects with the entrance of the conveying device
It is logical.
Alternatively, the device for storing liquid includes agitator.
Alternatively, the system also includes return line, the fluid issuing of the man-made fracture by the return line with
The entrance connection of the device for storing liquid.
Alternatively, it is respectively equipped with pressure gauge on the entrance pipe and export pipeline of the gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means.
Alternatively, the system also includes frictional resistance measurement apparatus, entrance and the conveying device of the frictional resistance measurement apparatus
Outlet.
Alternatively, the frictional resistance measurement apparatus include one or the multiple frictional resistance pipes being arranged in parallel, and the frictional resistance pipe is set
There is pressure difference transmitter, the number of the multiple frictional resistance pipe is 2-5.
Alternatively, the system also includes device for storing liquid, the outlet of the frictional resistance measurement apparatus and entering for the device for storing liquid
Mouth connection.
Having apertured first paragraph by above-mentioned technical proposal, in the gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means of the disclosure can use
In migration and infall process of the simulation proppant in subterranean fracture, can be used for simulation with the second segment that can be opened and closed gap and take
The process that sand liquid under pressure rives the rock stratum in subterranean fracture.The gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means of the disclosure can be with
The size of man-made fracture is adjusted, the subterranean fracture that can be directed to a certain size carries out hydraulic fracturing simulation, mould to load fluid to be measured
The data such as sinking speed, migration path and the sand barrier form of proppant can be collected during plan, so as to it is preferred that go out optimum
The construction parameters such as proppant species, sand ratio and load fluid discharge capacity.
Other feature and advantage of the disclosure will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is, for providing further understanding of the disclosure, and to constitute the part of specification, with following tool
Body implementation method is used to explain the disclosure together, but does not constitute limitation of this disclosure.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of top view of the gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means of the specific embodiment according to the disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of the gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means of the specific embodiment according to the disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of the system of the simulation hydraulic fracturing of the specific embodiment according to the disclosure.
Description of reference numerals
The device for storing liquid of 1 agitator 2
The atmospheric valve of 3 liquid level gauge 4
The injection pump of 5 liquid feed valve 6
The flowmeter of 7 pressure gauge 8
9 man-made fractures
The fixed plate of 901 first side plate 902
The duct of 903 first duct 904 second
The elastic component of 905 portable plate 906
The 907 imitative fluid intakes of rock beam 908
909 fluid issuings
The pressure difference transmitter of 10 frictional resistance pipe 11
The return line of 12 sediment ejection opening 13
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific embodiment of this disclosure.It should be appreciated that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is merely to illustrate and explains the disclosure, is not limited to the disclosure.
In the disclosure, in the case where opposite explanation is not made, the noun of locality for using such as " upper and lower, left and right " is typically referred to
Up, down, left and right of the gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means of the disclosure under normal operating condition, specifically may be referred to Fig. 2 and
The page of Fig. 3." inside and outside " refers to inner and outer for the profile of device.
The disclosure provides a kind of gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means, and the device includes man-made fracture 9, the man-made fracture 9
Including：
Has apertured first paragraph, for simulating migration of the proppant in load fluid in subterranean fracture and settling
Journey；And
With the second segment that can be opened and closed gap, for simulating the process that load fluid rives the rock stratum in subterranean fracture.
Have apertured first paragraph in the gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means of the disclosure and can be used for simulation proppant on ground
Migration and infall process in lower crack, simulation load fluid is can be used under pressure with the second segment that can be opened and closed gap
The process that rock stratum in subterranean fracture is rived.The gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means of the disclosure can adjust the chi of man-made fracture
Very little, the subterranean fracture that can be directed to a certain size carries out hydraulic fracturing simulation to load fluid to be measured, can be collected in simulation process
The data such as the sinking speed of proppant, migration path and sand barrier form so that it is preferred that go out optimum proppant species, sand ratio and
The construction parameters such as load fluid discharge capacity.
Wherein, the implication of hydraulic fracturing is well known to those skilled in the art, and refers to oilbearing stratum using supercharging equipment
Injection fracturing fluid, when the speed for injecting fracturing fluid exceedes the absorbability of oil reservoir, then forms pressure very high on oil reservoir, when
When this pressure exceedes the fracture pressure of reservoir rock, oil reservoir will be pressed off and be produced crack.At this moment, on and on to oil reservoir
Squeezing fracturing fluid, crack will continue to oil reservoir interior expansion.In order to keep the crack for pressing off to be in open configuration, then to oil
Layer clamp-ons the load fluid with proppant, and load fluid enters after crack, makes crack continue to extend forward, and support has been pressed off
Crack make its keep softened state.Proppant is also well known to those skilled in the art, and matches somebody with somebody with certain particle size and level
Natural sand or artificial high strength ceramics particle, proppant is brought into and is supported in the crack of fracturing stratum by fracturing fluid, so that effectively
Oil gas is imported Oil/gas Well by ground, can increase substantially oil and gas production and extension oil well life-span.
As shown in figure 1, in a kind of specific embodiment of the disclosure, man-made fracture 9 can include vertically putting down
The first side plate 901 and the second side plate that row is set, the first side plate 901 and the second side plate can be set described to be formed with parallel interval
The gap of first paragraph；Second side plate can include fixed plate 902 and along perpendicular to plate face direction moveable plate 905, living
Dynamic that elastic component 906 can be provided between plate 905 and fixed plate 902, elastic component 906 can cause the side of portable plate 905 and first
The be opened and closed gap of second segment is formed between plate 901；The circumference in the gap of first paragraph and the be opened and closed gap of second segment is sealed；
Fluid intake 908 and fluid issuing 909 are respectively arranged with two sides of circumferential seal, it is preferable that the first side plate 901 and
The distance between two side plates can be adjusted, and to form various sizes of man-made fracture 9, be easy to simulation load fluid various sizes of
Fracturing process in subterranean fracture, wherein, the distance between the first side plate 901 and the second side plate are preferably 6-20mm.
In a kind of preferred specific embodiment of the disclosure, can using sealed frame to the gap of above-mentioned first paragraph and
The gap of second segment is sealed, in order to more accurately simulate hydraulic fracturing process of the fracturing fluid in subterranean fracture, it is preferable that
The specified bearing strength of sealed frame can be more than 2MPa.In order to prevent the pressure in simulation process in man-made fracture 9 from exceeding
Specified bearing strength, it is preferable that man-made fracture 9 is also provided with protection device and switch valve, when artificial in simulation process
During hypertonia in crack 9, can open protection device and switch valve, load fluid be discharged into pressure release, it is to avoid to device
Damage.
For the ease of the proppant of the load fluid in man-made fracture 9 and/or deposition is discharged, it is preferable that man-made fracture 9
Bottom can be provided with sediment ejection opening 12, and sediment ejection opening 12 could be arranged to 1-5, to accelerate sand discharge speed.
Preferably, above-mentioned elastic component 906 can be compression spring, and compression spring one end is supported in the fixed plate 902,
The other end is supported on the portable plate 905.Compression spring retains towards the pressure of the first side plate 901 to portable plate 905, makes work
Dynamic plate 905 is close on the first side plate 901, forms the gap of the second segment of closure state；Under the pressure of load fluid, the gap
Can be softened, form the gap of the second segment under open mode.
Further, rived required pressure, above-mentioned pressure by load fluid to more accurately simulate in subterranean fracture rock stratum
Contracting spring can be multiple, and be uniformly arranged between portable plate 905 and fixed plate 902, so that portable plate 905 and fixed plate
The pressure of the pressure rock stratum close in subterranean fracture between 902, it is preferable that the number of compression spring can be for so that portable plate
Pressure between 905 and fixed plate 902 is more than 1.8MPa, and the pressure is preferably smaller than the specified pressure-bearing of above-mentioned crack circumferential seal
Intensity.
When entering crack from different numbers, the perforation of aperture sum to simulate load fluid, the migration state of proppant is excellent
Selection of land, man-made fracture 9 can also include the first duct being vertically arranged along two sides of the first side plate 901 and the second side plate
903 and second duct 904, the first duct 903 and the second duct 904 can be respectively equipped with level side towards the side inside gap
To perforation；Gap is flowed into by perforation for the ease of load fluid, the fluid intake 908 of man-made fracture can be arranged at the first hole
The top in road 903, the fluid issuing 909 of man-made fracture can be arranged at the top in the second duct 904, and load fluid is from fluid intake
908 enter the first duct 903, and enter the first side plate 901 and the second side plate in the horizontal direction through the perforation in the first duct 903
Between first paragraph gap, the gap of the second segment of closure state struts cocurrent by load fluid in the presence of discharge pressure
Through the gap, the second duct 904 is flowed into from the horizontal perforation in the second duct 904, most gone out through the fluid of the bottom of the second duct 904 afterwards
The artificial gaps of the discharge of mouth 909.Preferably, the number of the perforation in the first duct 903 and the second duct 904, aperture and wait parameter equal
Can adjust, for simulating under different perforating parameters, the migration of proppant and infall process.
For the ease of observing and recording simulation process, the first side plate 901 is preferably transparent panel, for example, the first side plate 901 can
Think poly (methyl methacrylate) plate or armorplate glass, it is preferable that the system can also include high-speed camera equipment, for by transparent
First side plate 901 shoots migration and the infall process of proppant in man-made fracture, so as to the agent that is supported is heavy in fracturing fluid
The sand barrier form of reduction of speed degree, settling amount and formation.
In order to more accurately simulate the degree of roughness of subterranean fracture side wall, it is preferable that the first side plate 901 is located at first paragraph
At least a portion inner surface can be formed as rough surface, for example, in a kind of specific embodiment of the disclosure, can be
The portion inner surface that side plate 901 is located at first paragraph is bonded irregular particle so that the roughness of the rough surface after bonding
Fracture surface roughness with the full-hole core of practice of construction layer is identical.Wherein preferred adhering glass fragment, in order to pass through
Migration and the infall process of proppant are observed and recorded to side plate 901.
In another specific embodiment, directly indentation can be formed on the first side plate 901 so that it is thick that etching is obtained
The roughness on rough surface is suitable with the degree of roughness of the above-mentioned plane of disruption.
In order to simulate ideally mobility status of the load fluid in subterranean fracture, it is preferable that the first side plate 901 is located at
At least a portion inner surface of first paragraph can be formed as smooth surface.
In actual hydraulic fracturing process, its palisades of different types of layer crack to the filter loss of load fluid not yet
Together, in order to further be simulated exactly, above-mentioned second side plate can also include imitative rock beam 907, and imitating rock beam 907 can be with removable
It is arranged at the inner surface of the second side plate with unloading, it is preferable that the filter loss of the imitative rock beam can adjust.
In a kind of specific embodiment of the disclosure, imitative rock beam can be adjusted by changing the species of imitative rock beam 907
Filter loss, imitate rock beam 907 can be selected from least in shale plate, sand rock plate, tight stratum plate and ultralow close rock stratum plate
Kind.Above-mentioned different types of imitative rock beam 907 has different filter losses, can be according to the rock stratum species of subterranean fracture to be simulated
The imitative rock beam of filter loss corresponding with filter loss selection, to improve the accuracy of hydraulic fracturing simulation.It is preferably provided with the imitative rock beam of polylith
907, to cover the inner surface of the second side plate as much as possible.Imitative rock beam 907 can be simulated including shale, sandstone, fine and close rock
The strata condition such as layer and super tight stratum, and filter loss is suitable with actual formation filter loss.
In another specific embodiment of the disclosure, can by imitative rock beam 907 set leak-off hole it is imitative to adjust
The filter loss of rock beam, specifically, can be by the filter loss that adjusts the size and number in leak-off hole to adjust imitative rock beam.
The disclosure also provides a kind of system for simulating hydraulic fracturing, and the system includes：
Conveying device, for conveying load fluid；And
Above-mentioned gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means, for simulating migration of the proppant in load fluid in subterranean fracture
And infall process；Wherein, the fluid intake of the gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means connects with the fluid issuing of the conveying device
It is logical.
Preferably, conveying device can include injection pump 6, and in order to lift transfer efficiency, injection pump 6 is preferably screw pump,
Maximum infusion discharge capacity can be 10m3/h, and discharge capacity can carry out real-time dynamic control by frequency-variable controller.The outlet of injection pump 6 is led to
The entrance that pipeline connection gap water conservancy diversion settles analogue means is crossed, is preferably pacified on the pipeline of the entrance of gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means
Dress flow digital display controller, carries out flow monitoring.
Preferably, the pipeline connected between each device uses the corrosion-resistant tubing of major diameter, prevents pipeline by pressure break corrosion,
Preferably circled round using big radian at the turning and deflecting of pipeline and designed, showed with occurring sand plug at the turning and deflecting that avoid pipeline
As, it is ensured that the normal conveying of load fluid.
For the ease of preparing fracturing fluid and load fluid to be measured, the system can also include device for storing liquid 2, device for storing liquid 2
Outlet can be connected with the entrance of conveying device.
Preferably, device for storing liquid 2 can also include agitator 1, to improve the preparation of fracturing fluid in device for storing liquid 2 and take sand
The mulling efficiency of liquid.It is highly preferred that the bottom of device for storing liquid 2 can be provided with atmospheric valve 4, convenient emptying and cleaning.
For the ease of reclaiming the load fluid discharged from man-made fracture 9, the system of the disclosure can also include return line
13, the fluid issuing 909 of man-made fracture can be connected by the return line 13 with the entrance of device for storing liquid 2.By return duct
Road 13 can also be circulated load fluid and repeatedly enter man-made fracture 9, defeated in the subterranean fracture of flow long for simulating load fluid
The migration of proppant and infall process when sending.
Preferably, pressure gauge 7 can be respectively provided with the entrance and exit pipeline of gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means, be used for
Real-time monitoring device gateway pressure at two ends, it is possible to the frictional resistance of load fluid to be measured is obtained using the pressure difference value of gateway, with
Further evaluate the performance of load fluid and proppant.
In order to measure the frictional resistance of fracturing fluid, the system can also include frictional resistance measurement apparatus, the entrance of frictional resistance measurement apparatus
Can be with the outlet of conveying device.
Wherein, frictional resistance measurement apparatus can include one or the multiple frictional resistance pipes 10 being arranged in parallel, and frictional resistance pipe 10 can set
Pressure difference transmitter 11 is equipped with, in order to expand the range ability of frictional resistance measurement apparatus, the number of above-mentioned multiple frictional resistance pipes 10 is preferably
2-5.The range and specification of frictional resistance pipe can change in very large range, it is preferable that multiple frictional resistance pipes can be different amounts
Journey, to be applicable the measurement of the fracturing fluid of different frictional resistance scopes.
In a kind of preferred specific embodiment of the disclosure, frictional resistance measurement apparatus can include three frictional resistance pipes of parallel connection
10, each frictional resistance pipe 10 is provided with pressure difference transmitter 11, and three internal diameters of frictional resistance pipe 10 are different, nominal diameter be respectively 6mm,
12mm, 25mm, the range of pressure difference transmitter 11 are respectively 50kPa, 200kPa, 500kPa.During test, can be according to actual needs
The pressure difference transmitter 11 of range needed for selection and corresponding frictional resistance pipe 10, to improve the accuracy of friction test data.
Can be with above-mentioned frictional resistance measurement apparatus and the connecting line of gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means and conveying device outlet
It is respectively provided with the opening and closing of Valve controlling pipeline so that frictional resistance measurement apparatus and gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means can be independently
It is simulated and tests.
In a kind of preferred specific embodiment of the disclosure, the system also includes device for storing liquid 2 and frictional resistance measurement apparatus,
The outlet of frictional resistance measurement apparatus can be connected with the entrance of device for storing liquid 2.
The method for being simulated hydraulic fracturing using the system of the simulation hydraulic fracturing of the disclosure may include steps of：
(1) load fluid to be measured is made to enter in the horizontal direction by perforation in the gap of man-made fracture 9, the man-made fracture 9
Including the apertured first paragraph of tool and with the second segment that can be opened and closed gap；
The load fluid flows through the first paragraph of the man-made fracture 9, migration of the simulation proppant in subterranean fracture and heavy
Drop process；The load fluid struts the second segment of the man-made fracture 9 of closure under pressure, simulates load fluid by subterranean fracture
In the process rived of rock stratum；
(2) transparent lateral plate for passing through the man-made fracture using high-speed camera equipment shoots proppant in the man-made fracture
Migration and infall process, obtain the sinking speed and migration path of the proppant
(3) stop entering the load fluid to the man-made fracture, after recording the sand barrier form of the man-made fracture bottom,
The load fluid is set to be discharged from the man-made fracture；
(4) sinking speed according to the proppant, migration path and sand barrier form judge load fluid to be measured and support
Whether agent can be used for hydraulic fracturing construction.
It is described judge proppant whether can be used for hydraulic fracturing construction method be well known to those skilled in the art, example
Such as, sinking speed is slow, settling amount is small and the less proppant of frictional resistance is commonly available to hydraulic fracturing construction.Can also be by using
In the load fluid of different proppant concentrations and row's fluence of load fluid is simulated, selection is best suitable for the underground of the actual size and splits
The data such as the operational discharge capacity of content and load fluid of proppant species, the proppant of seam in load fluid.
In order to whether further accurate evaluation proppant to be measured can be used for hydraulic fracturing construction, the method also includes：Survey
Amount does not contain the frictional resistance P of the fracturing fluid of proppantf；
The frictional resistance P of sinking speed, migration path, sand barrier form and fracturing fluid according to proppantfTo judge to be measured to take sand
Whether liquid and proppant can be used for hydraulic fracturing construction.
In order to simulate the flowing of load fluid and the migration of proppant and infall process in flow subterranean fracture long, the disclosure
Method may include steps of：
A () preparing fracturing fluid, adds proppant to be measured to obtain load fluid to be measured in fracturing fluid；
B () makes load fluid to be measured enter man-made fracture simulation process, and make the load fluid discharged from man-made fracture
Enter in man-made fracture together with the load fluid to be measured in (a), repeat simulation process.
A kind of preferred specific embodiment of the method for simulating hydraulic fracturing of the disclosure is as follows：
The fracturing fluid for not containing proppant is prepared according to subterranean fracture to be simulated, fracturing fluid is entered frictional resistance measurement apparatus
Measure the frictional resistance P of fracturing fluidf；
To adding proppant mulling to obtain load fluid to be measured in fracturing fluid, manually split according to subterranean fracture adjustment to be simulated
The size and filter loss of seam, make load fluid enter the first paragraph gap of man-made fracture by the perforation of horizontal direction, and sand is taken in simulation
The migration and infall process of proppant in liquid in subterranean fracture, under pressure, load fluid is by the second of closure state
The gap of section is strutted, simulation load fluid process that the rock stratum of subterranean fracture is rived, and load fluid is passed through after flowing through the gap of second segment
Perforation flows out from the fluid issuing 909 of man-made fracture；Make from man-made fracture outflow load fluid be back to load fluid to be measured and its
Man-made fracture is entered back into after mixing, repeating the above steps makes load fluid circulate repeatedly so that load fluid is in man-made fracture
Main-process stream it is suitable with the length of subterranean fracture to be simulated；
The transparent lateral plate for passing through man-made fracture using high-speed camera equipment shoots the migration of proppant in artificial gap and sinks
Drop process, the sinking speed and migration path of the agent that is supported；
Stop entering load fluid to man-made fracture, after recording the sand barrier form that artificial Slit bottom is formed, make load fluid from
Discharged in man-made fracture；
The frictional resistance P of sinking speed, migration path, sand barrier form and proppant according to proppantpTo judge to be measured to take sand
Whether liquid and proppant can be used for hydraulic fracturing construction, and the determination methods are well known to those skilled in the art, for example,
Under selected fracturing fluid composition, load fluid is made into using different types of proppant and is simulated test, choose proppant sedimentation
Speed is small, frictional resistance is small, and migration path and the good proppant of the sand barrier form of formation are used as preferred proppant；Or, selected
Under the proppant of species, load fluid is made into using different fracturing fluid compositions and is simulated test, choose proppant sinking speed
Small, frictional resistance is small, and migration path and the good fracturing fluid of the sand barrier form of formation are constituted as preferred fracturing fluid；According to judged result
Adjust the construction parameters such as species, consumption, the discharge capacity of load fluid of proppant and repeat above-mentioned steps, it may be preferred to go out and be adapted to treat
Simulate the construction parameters such as species, consumption, the discharge capacity of load fluid of proppant of subterranean fracture.
The disclosure is explained further and illustrated by the following examples, but therefore the disclosure is not subject to any limit
System.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is used to illustrate the gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means of the disclosure and the system of simulation hydraulic fracturing, such as schemes
Shown in 1 and Fig. 2, the entire length of man-made fracture 9 is 4m, height 0.6m, and width is manually adjustable, and adjusting range is：6-20mm.Manually
Crack 9 includes the first side plate 901 and the second side plate that parallel interval is set, and the first side plate 901 is by two block length 2m, 0.6m high, thickness
The poly (methyl methacrylate) plate sealing of 20mm is spliced to form, and the glass plate wall near inlet is pasted with irregular glass fragment, its
Surface roughness is identical with the fracture surface roughness of the full-hole core for treating simulation fracture.Second side plate includes a length of 4m 0.6m high
Fixed plate 902, fixed plate 902 near the side of fluid intake 908 preceding 3m paste six block specifications for 445*565*9mm imitative rock
Plate 907 (is purchased from Beijing Huichuang Technology Group Co., Ltd, filter loss is suitable with tight stratum), the side of imitative rock beam 907 and first
The gap of the first paragraph of man-made fracture 9 is formed between plate 901.Second side plate also includes that specification is the portable plate of 1000*600*9mm
905, the imitative rock beam 907 that 2 block specifications are 405*485*9mm, the outer surface of portable plate 905 are pasted on the inner surface of portable plate 905
30 identical compression springs are provided between fixed plate 902, the imitative rock beam 907 of the inner side of portable plate 905 is close to first
It is 1.8MPa that the pressure between the side plate 901 of rock beam 907 and first is imitated on side plate 901, between the imitative side plate 901 of rock beam 907 and first
Form the gap of the second segment of man-made fracture 9.The surrounding of the first side plate 901 and the second side plate is sealed using sealed frame,
The specified bearing capacity of the man-made fracture 9 of sealing is 2MPa.Sealed frame be respectively provided on two sides with fluid intake 908 and fluid goes out
Mouth 909, the bottom of man-made fracture 9 is provided with 4 sediment ejection openings 12.
First duct 903 and the second duct 904 that are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side vertical direction of man-made fracture 9, the first hole
Side of the duct 904 of road 903 and second inside crack is respectively formed with perforation, and the quantity of perforation is 12, and aperture is
15mm。
In the present embodiment simulation hydraulic fracturing system as shown in figure 3, the system include device for storing liquid 2, conveying device,
Above-mentioned gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means and frictional resistance measurement apparatus.Device for storing liquid 2 includes the fluid reservoir with agitator 1,
Discharge capacity is 300L, and conveying device includes that (screw pump, maximum infusion discharge capacity is 10m to injection pump 63/ h), outlet and the note of fluid reservoir
Enter the entrance connection of pump 6, the outlet of injection pump 6 is connected with the fluid intake 908 of gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means, gap water conservancy diversion
The fluid issuing 909 for settling analogue means is connected by return line 13 with the entrance of fluid reservoir, gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation simulation dress
Pressure gauge 7 is respectively provided with the fluid intake 908 put and the pipeline of fluid issuing 909, flowmeter is additionally provided with the entrance pipe
8。
Frictional resistance measurement apparatus are in parallel with above-mentioned gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means, and its entrance is through valve and injection pump 6
Outlet, its outlet is connected through valve with return line 13；Frictional resistance measurement apparatus include three frictional resistance pipes 10 of parallel connection, each
Frictional resistance pipe 10 is provided with two pressure taps, and is connected in parallel to pressure measurement pipeline in two pressure taps, and pressure measurement pipeline is provided with pressure difference
Transmitter 11 and control valve.Three calibers of frictional resistance pipe 10 are different, and nominal diameter is respectively 6mm, 12mm, 25mm, and pressure difference becomes
Send range respectively 50kPa, 200kPa, 500kPa of device 11.
In the present embodiment, proppant is the FSS fracturing propping agents of Beijing Rechsand Rishing Oil Exploitation Technology Co., Ltd., pressure
It is guar gum to split liquid composition, and the weight content of proppant is 0-40% in load fluid.
The method being simulated using the system of the simulation hydraulic fracturing of the present embodiment can include：
Fracturing fluid is configured in fluid reservoir, makes fracturing fluid into range for the frictional resistance pipe 10 of 200kPa measures rubbing for fracturing fluid
Resistance Pf, fluid reservoir is back to from the fracturing fluid of the outflow of frictional resistance pipe 10；
Load fluid to be measured, the first side plate 901 of man-made fracture 9 and the second side are obtained to proppant mulling is added in fracturing fluid
The spacing of plate is set to 6mm, and the imitative rock beam 907 of the second side plate chooses the imitative rock beam 907 in tight stratum, load fluid is passed through level side
To perforation enter the first paragraph gap of man-made fracture 9, under pressure, load fluid is by the gap of the second segment of closure state
Strut, load fluid flows out through perforation after flowing through the gap of second segment from the fluid issuing 909 of man-made fracture 9；Make outflow takes sand
Liquid be back to load fluid to be measured it is mixed after enter back into man-made fracture 9, repeat the above steps until sand barrier form no longer change
Afterwards, stop entering load fluid to man-made fracture 9, after the sand barrier form that record man-made fracture 9 bottom is formed, make load fluid from artificial
Discharged in crack 9；
The fortune of proppant in artificial gap is shot by transparent first side plate 901 of man-made fracture 9 using high-speed camera
Move and infall process, the sinking speed and migration path of the agent that is supported；
The frictional resistance P of sinking speed, migration path, sand barrier form and proppant according to proppantpTo judge to be measured to take sand
Whether liquid and proppant can be used for hydraulic fracturing construction；The species of proppant, consumption, load fluid are adjusted according to judged result
The construction parameters such as discharge capacity repeat above-mentioned steps, it may be preferred to go out the species of the proppant for being adapted to subterranean fracture to be simulated, use
The construction parameters such as amount, the discharge capacity of load fluid.
Describe the preferred embodiment of the disclosure in detail above in association with accompanying drawing, but, the disclosure is not limited to above-mentioned reality
The detail in mode is applied, in the range of the technology design of the disclosure, various letters can be carried out with technical scheme of this disclosure
Monotropic type, these simple variants belong to the protection domain of the disclosure.
It is further to note that each particular technique feature described in above-mentioned specific embodiment, in not lance
In the case of shield, can be combined by any suitable means.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the disclosure to it is various can
The combination of energy is no longer separately illustrated.
Additionally, can also be combined between a variety of implementation methods of the disclosure, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
Disclosed thought, it should equally be considered as disclosure disclosure of that.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of gap water conservancy diversion settles analogue means, it is characterised in that the device includes man-made fracture (9), the man-made fracture
(9) include：
Has apertured first paragraph, for simulating migration and infall process of the proppant in load fluid in subterranean fracture；With
And
With the second segment that can be opened and closed gap, for simulating the process that load fluid rives the rock stratum in subterranean fracture.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the man-made fracture (9) is including what is vertically set
First side plate (901) and the second side plate, first side plate (901) and the second side plate parallel interval set to form described first
The gap of section；
Second side plate includes fixed plate (902) and along perpendicular to plate face direction moveable plate (905), the activity
Elastic component (906) is provided between plate (905) and the fixed plate (902), the elastic component (906) causes the portable plate
(905) form the described of the second segment between first side plate (901) and be opened and closed gap；
The circumference in the be opened and closed gap of the gap of the first paragraph and the second segment is sealed；Two sides of the circumferential seal
Fluid intake (908) and fluid issuing (909) are respectively arranged with face.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the elastic component (906) is compression spring, the compression bullet
Spring one end is supported in the fixed plate (902), and the other end is supported on the portable plate (905).
4. the device according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the man-made fracture (9) also includes along first side
The first duct (903) and the second duct (904) that two sides of plate (901) and the second side plate are vertically arranged, first hole
Road (903) and the second duct (904) are respectively equipped with the perforation of horizontal direction towards the side inside the gap；It is described manually to split
The fluid intake (908) for stitching (9) is arranged at the top of first duct (903), the fluid issuing of the man-made fracture (9)
(909) it is arranged at the top of second duct (904).
5. device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that first side plate (901) is transparent panel, and the device is also wrapped
High-speed camera equipment is included, the fortune for shooting proppant in the man-made fracture (9) by transparent first side plate (901)
Move and infall process.
6. the device according to claim 2 or 5, it is characterised in that first side plate (901) is positioned at the first paragraph
At least a portion inner surface is formed as rough surface.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that first side plate (901) positioned at the first paragraph extremely
Few a part of inner surface is formed as smooth surface.
8. device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that second side plate also includes imitative rock beam (907), described imitative
Rock beam (907) is removable installed in the inner surface of second side plate, and the filter loss of the imitative rock beam (907) can adjust.
9. device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that adjusted by changing the species of imitative rock beam (907) described
The filter loss of imitative rock beam (907), the imitative rock beam (907) is selected from shale plate, sand rock plate, tight stratum plate and ultralow close rock stratum
At least one in plate.
10. it is a kind of simulate hydraulic fracturing system, it is characterised in that the system includes：
Conveying device, for conveying load fluid；And
Gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means in claim 1-9 described in any one, for simulating the proppant in load fluid
The process that the rock stratum in subterranean fracture is rived in migration and infall process and load fluid in subterranean fracture；
Wherein, the fluid intake (908) of the gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation analogue means is connected with the fluid issuing of the conveying device.
11. systems according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the system also includes device for storing liquid (2), the liquid storage dress
The outlet for putting (2) is connected with the entrance of the conveying device.
12. systems according to claim 11, it is characterised in that the device for storing liquid (2) includes agitator (1).
13. systems according to claim 11, it is characterised in that the system also includes return line (13), described artificial
The fluid issuing (909) in crack (9) is connected by the return line (13) with the entrance of the device for storing liquid (2).
14. systems according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the gap water conservancy diversion settles the entrance pipe of analogue means
With pressure gauge is respectively equipped with export pipeline.
15. systems according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the system also includes frictional resistance measurement apparatus, the frictional resistance
The outlet of the entrance of measurement apparatus and the conveying device.
16. systems according to claim 15, it is characterised in that the frictional resistance measurement apparatus include one or are arranged in parallel
Multiple frictional resistance pipes (10), the frictional resistance pipe (10) is provided with pressure difference transmitter (11), the number of the multiple frictional resistance pipe (10)
It is 2-5.
17. system according to claim 15 or 16, it is characterised in that the system also includes device for storing liquid (2), described to rub
The outlet for hindering measurement apparatus is connected with the entrance of the device for storing liquid (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621022231.3U CN206174944U (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | System for gap water conservancy diversion subsides analogue means and simulation hydraulic fracturing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621022231.3U CN206174944U (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | System for gap water conservancy diversion subsides analogue means and simulation hydraulic fracturing |
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| CN201621022231.3U Expired - Fee Related CN206174944U (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | System for gap water conservancy diversion subsides analogue means and simulation hydraulic fracturing |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106437668A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 内蒙古仁创沙漠资源利用研究院有限公司 | Gap flow diversion and sedimentation simulating device and system and method for simulating hydrofracture |
| CN108104788A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | For determining that gas well fracturing returns the logistics organizations apparatus and method on row's opportunity and proppant fracturing fluid regurgitant volume |
| CN108680339A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of the visualization crack device and its working method of simulation fracture closure and leak-off |
| CN110608037A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-24 | 西南石油大学 | Method for determining hydraulic fracturing support fracture conductivity of tight sandstone reservoir through experiment |
| CN113033049A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-25 | 西南石油大学 | Proppant conveying numerical simulation method in rough crack under stratum scale |
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2016
- 2016-08-31 CN CN201621022231.3U patent/CN206174944U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106437668A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 内蒙古仁创沙漠资源利用研究院有限公司 | Gap flow diversion and sedimentation simulating device and system and method for simulating hydrofracture |
| CN106437668B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-11-01 | 内蒙古仁创沙漠资源利用研究院有限公司 | A kind of system and method for gap water conservancy diversion sedimentation simulator and simulation hydraulic fracturing |
| CN108104788A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | For determining that gas well fracturing returns the logistics organizations apparatus and method on row's opportunity and proppant fracturing fluid regurgitant volume |
| CN108680339A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of the visualization crack device and its working method of simulation fracture closure and leak-off |
| CN110608037A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-24 | 西南石油大学 | Method for determining hydraulic fracturing support fracture conductivity of tight sandstone reservoir through experiment |
| CN110608037B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-05-05 | 西南石油大学 | Method for determining hydraulic fracturing support fracture conductivity of tight sandstone reservoir through experiment |
| CN113033049A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-06-25 | 西南石油大学 | Proppant conveying numerical simulation method in rough crack under stratum scale |
| CN113033049B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-03-08 | 西南石油大学 | Proppant conveying numerical simulation method in rough crack under stratum scale |
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