CN115715153A - 多重质构的基于谷物或豆类的烘焙零食 - Google Patents
多重质构的基于谷物或豆类的烘焙零食 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115715153A CN115715153A CN202180043661.0A CN202180043661A CN115715153A CN 115715153 A CN115715153 A CN 115715153A CN 202180043661 A CN202180043661 A CN 202180043661A CN 115715153 A CN115715153 A CN 115715153A
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种多重质构的基于谷物或基于豆类的烘焙零食,该多重质构的基于谷物或基于豆类的烘焙零食包括经蒸煮的谷物或豆类连同该谷物的松脆形式和豆类,以形成具有含气部分和松脆部分的多重质构的轻质烘焙零食,从而为消费者提供独特的食用体验。还提供了制备该零食的方法。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及多重质构的零食,并且更具体地涉及包括谷物或豆类的蒸煮形式和同种谷物或豆类的松脆形式两者的多重质构的烘焙零食。
背景技术
经烘焙的松脆多重质构零食诸如薄片和薄脆饼干正变得越来越受到当今注重健康的消费者的欢迎。有时,零食包含基于谷物的材料诸如大米。通常,此类零食由面粉(例如米粉)和基于面粉的面团制成。与当前市场上的产品不同,本发明利用温度和经蒸煮的谷物的水分来粘合同种谷物的松脆形式,以提供轻质的多重质构焙烤零食。
发明内容
本文所述的多重质构的基于谷物和/或基于豆类的烘焙零食是基于利用一种类型的谷物或豆类,这种类型的谷物或豆类以多种不同的方式加工(例如,蒸煮形式和松脆形式),并与其他成分组合以产生轻质、健康且多重质构(即,具有含气部分和更松脆部分)的多重质构烘焙零食,以便为消费者带来独特的食用体验,同时对消费者来说也不会太难咀嚼。
根据一些实施方案,一种制备多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食的方法包括:(1)将包含经蒸煮的谷物、谷物的松脆形式、预糊化淀粉、糖浆、水、油和调味品的成分组合,并将这些成分混合以形成团聚的混合物,其中至少50重量%的团聚的混合物由经蒸煮的谷物、谷物的松脆形式和调味品组成;(2)将团聚的混合物压片以形成用于烘焙的一个或更多个片材;(3)将所述一个或更多个片材烘焙至约2%至约4%的水分含量以形成烘焙产品;以及(4)将烘焙产品破碎以形成多块多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食。
在一些实施方案中,多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食包括经蒸煮的谷物、谷物的松脆形式、预糊化淀粉、糖浆、水、油和调味品,其中至少50重量%的多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食由经蒸煮的谷物、谷物的松脆形式和调味品形成。
在一些实施方案中,用于制备多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食的团聚的混合物包括经蒸煮的谷物、谷物的松脆形式、预糊化淀粉、糖浆、水、油和调味品,其中至少50重量%的团聚的混合物由经蒸煮的谷物、谷物的松脆形式和调味品形成。
附图说明
图1是根据一些实施方案的示例性多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食的顶部平面图;
图2是根据一些实施方案的另一个示例性多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食的顶部平面图;
图3是根据一些实施方案的又一个示例性多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食的顶部平面图;并且
图4是根据一些实施方案的又一个示例性多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食的顶部平面图。
具体实施方式
本文所述的多重质构的基于谷物或基于豆类的烘焙零食通常可被称为“谷物皮”,并且通常包括经蒸煮的谷物或豆类以及谷物的松脆形式或豆类,以产生具有独特食用体验的多重质构的轻质烘焙零食。还描述了制备此类基于谷物或基于豆类的多重质构烘焙零食的方法。
在一些实施方案中,制备多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食的方法包括将谷物或豆类的蒸煮形式和谷物或豆类的松脆形式与各种成分组合以形成团聚的混合物。在各种具体实施中,不同的谷物和豆类可以两种不同的形式使用,以产生在本文中称为皮的多重质构的烘焙零食。适合作为团聚混合物的成分的谷物或豆类的一些示例包括但不限于:大米(精米、糙米、红米、黑米等)、野生稻、藜麦、高粱、苋属植物、小米、小麦(包括古老的小麦品种如斯佩耳特小麦(spelt)、呼罗珊小麦(Khorasan)、二粒小麦、单粒小麦、法罗小麦(faro))、黑麦、大麦、燕麦、玉米、黑小麦、豆类(苜蓿、三叶草、菜豆、豌豆、鹰嘴豆、小扁豆、羽扇豆、牧豆、角豆、大豆、花生等)等以及它们的组合。
在一些实施方案中,团聚的混合物包括谷物或豆类的蒸煮形式(例如,经蒸煮的大米、经蒸煮的藜麦、经蒸煮的高粱等)和谷物或豆类的松脆形式(例如,大米脆片、藜麦脆片、高粱脆片等)。在一个方面,生产多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食的方法包括将经蒸煮的谷物和同种谷物的松脆形式与其他成分(包括预糊化淀粉、糖浆、水、油和调味品)组合。
适用作本文所述的多重质构烘焙零食的成分的糖浆包括但不限于:菊苣根纤维糖浆(菊粉或低聚果糖)、木薯糖浆、葡萄糖糖浆、转化糖浆、谷物糖浆(例如大麦麦芽糖浆、糙米糖浆、玉米糖浆、高粱糖浆等)、蜂蜜、糖蜜、树汁糖浆(例如槭树糖浆)、苹果醋糖浆、蔬菜糖浆、水果糖浆、龙舌兰糖浆等或它们的组合。不希望受理论的限制,菊苣根纤维糖浆(菊粉或低聚果糖)的使用使得最终的烘焙零食产品(即皮)具有低糖、低脂和低卡路里值,同时为本文所述的多重质构烘焙零食提供很棒的味道和质构属性。
适合用作本文所述的多重质构烘焙零食的成分的预糊化淀粉包括但不限于:基于谷物的淀粉(例如玉米淀粉、小麦淀粉、大米淀粉等)、树薯或木薯淀粉、马铃薯淀粉等或它们的组合。通常,预糊化淀粉保留原始基体材料的大部分功能特性和粘度,并且预糊化有利于天然稳定化淀粉形成冷水糊剂。换句话讲,预糊化淀粉在不需要加热的情况下产生粘度,使得预糊化淀粉不需要被预蒸煮。
适用作本文所述的多重质构烘焙零食的成分的油/脂肪包括但不限于:低芥酸菜籽油、红花油、葵花油、芝麻油、橄榄油、鳄梨油、椰子油、大豆油、棕榈油、米糠油、小麦胚芽油、葡萄籽油、大麻油、棉籽油、坚果油(花生油、杏仁油、核桃油、澳洲坚果油等),或脂肪如可可脂、乳制品黄油。乳化剂诸如卵磷脂、甘油单酯和甘油二酯可与油/脂肪一起加入。此外,多种调味品可用作本文所述的多重质构烘焙皮零食的成分,使得本文所述的皮零食可具有多种风味和复合性。
可用作多重质构烘焙皮零食的成分的合适调味品的示例包括但不限于:盐、胡椒、香草/香料(例如莳萝、芫荽叶、欧芹、百里香、牛至、迷迭香、罗勒、月桂叶、鼠尾草、龙嵩叶、牛至属植物、薄荷、咖喱、辣椒粉、小豆蔻、肉桂、丁香、小茴香、肉豆蔻、藏红花、漆树木料、八角茴香、姜黄、香草、芫荽等)、蔬菜/水果/乳制品/鲜味风味剂(例如番茄、大蒜、洋葱、芹菜、胡椒、辣椒、姜、韭葱、胡芦巴、柠檬草、甜菜根、甘薯、酵母提取物、酱油、乳粉、干酪粉等)、籽(葵花籽、芝麻籽、亚麻籽、火麻仁、野鼠尾草籽、南瓜籽、罂粟籽、茴芹籽、茴香籽、莨蒿籽等)、坚果(花生、杏仁、核桃、腰果、开心果、澳洲坚果、松子、巴西坚果、榛子、美洲山核桃、椰子等)或酸(乳酸、醋粉、苹果酸、柠檬酸、醋酸、苹果醋等)等或它们的组合。
如上所述,在一些实施方案中,在将成分(例如,经蒸煮的谷物、同种谷物的松脆形式、预糊化淀粉、糖浆、水、油和调味品)组合后,将成分混合以形成团聚的混合物。成分可在室温下混合,并且不需要任何高于或低于典型室温的温度条件。在一些实施方案中,将各成分混合在一起,直到所得团聚的混合物充分水合,但具有相对低的水分含量(例如,15重量%至30重量%或15重量%至25重量%)以防止谷物内含物(例如,大米脆片)变得湿软和烂糊,这将是不期望的。
在不受理论的限制,本发明人出乎意料地发现一种可通过将经蒸煮的谷物或豆类(例如经蒸煮的大米)与液体(例如糖浆、水、油)和预糊化淀粉组合而产生的低脂低糖粘结剂。具体地,虽然通常认为低含量的油和糖浆不具有强粘结特性,但本发明人出乎意料地发现,将液体诸如糖浆、水和/或油与刚刚蒸煮的热谷物(例如大米)和预糊化淀粉(例如玉米淀粉、木薯淀粉等)组合通过形成连续的糊化基质来增强团聚的混合物的粘结能力,并且该粘结剂形成允许有效掺入异常高含量(例如,高于50%)的基于谷物或基于豆类的低密度内含物(例如大米脆片、鹰嘴豆脆片等)和其他内含物(例如调味品、香草、蔬菜、水果、籽粒、坚果等)的有效介质。为此,在一些实施方案中,经蒸煮的谷物、谷物的松脆形式和调味品一起构成团聚的料团的至少50重量%,并且在一些方面,构成团聚的混合物的约55重量%至56重量%。
在一些实施方案中,适用于产生本文所述的多重质构烘焙零食/皮的示例性团聚的混合物可包含约17重量%至22重量%的蒸煮谷物、约15重量%至19重量%的糖浆、约1重量%至5重量%的水、约3重量%至7重量%的油、约17重量%至22重量%的预糊化淀粉、约26重量%至32重量%的谷物的松脆形式和约6重量%至12重量%的调味品。在一个方面,适用于产生本文所述的多重质构烘焙零食/皮的示例性浆料包含19.5重量%的经蒸煮的糙米、21重量%的红米脆片、7重量%的烘烤糙米脆片、17重量%的糖浆、19.5重量%的预糊化淀粉、5重量%的油、3重量%的水和8重量%的调味品。另一示例性混合物可包含诸如以下的成分:经蒸煮的藜麦29.77%、三色(红、黑、白)藜麦脆片14.88%、预糊化玉米淀粉14.33%、预糊化木薯淀粉3.31%、糙米粉4.41%、香料1.65%、酪乳粉和干酪粉9.37%、木薯糖浆60DE 5.51%、低聚果糖糖浆5.4%、水5.51%、卵磷脂0.35%和低芥酸菜籽油5.51%。
不希望受理论的限制,通过将经蒸煮的谷物(例如经蒸煮的大米)与液体(例如糖浆、水、油)和预糊化淀粉组合来形成低脂低糖粘结剂的能力使得本文所述的烘焙零食(即“皮”)能够具有多重质构(即具有含气部分和更松脆部分)以便为消费者带来独特的食用体验,同时对于消费者来说也不会太难咀嚼。在一些方面,本文所述的多重质构的烘焙零食包括具有不同密度和质构的内含物(例如,经蒸煮的大米和大米脆片)的组合,这些内含物彼此互补,从而为消费者带来独特且令人愉悦的多重质构的视觉体验。
例如,在一些方面,可具体地选择本文所述的多重质构的烘焙零食的成分以形成有视觉吸引力的颜色组合。在一个示例性实施方案中,基于谷物的成分是:(1)经蒸煮的糙米(其通常具有灰白色)、(2)红米脆片(其具有红色)和(3)糙米脆片(其通常具有浅褐色)。在一些实施方案中,不仅可通过使用不同颜色的不同谷物/豆类成分,而且可通过添加具有与基于谷物/豆类的成分的颜色互补的不同颜色的附加内含物(例如调味品、蔬菜、水果等)来增强所得多重质构的烘焙零食的整体视觉吸引力。
在一些示例性实施方案中,示例性多重质构的烘焙零食的成分包括密度为约1100g/L至1200g/L的经蒸煮的谷物(例如,经蒸煮的糙米)和谷物的两种不同松脆形式,即密度为约250g/L至350g/L的烘烤糙米脆片和密度为约700g/L至800g/L的红米脆片。虽然本文中将经蒸煮的大米和大米脆片描述为示例性多重质构的烘焙零食中的一些多重质构的烘焙零食的示例性基于谷物的内含物,但是应当理解,可使用各种其他基于谷物或基于豆类的内含物来改变内含物的含量和类型并产生具有多种质构组合的多重质构的烘焙零食。除了脆片之外,可用作多重质构的烘焙零食的成分的一些基于谷物/豆类的形式包括但不限于:挤出的、发芽的、爆开的、爆筒的、预蒸煮的和烘烤的脆片等。
在将各成分混合以形成在质构(例如,连续基质)和可接受的水分含量(例如,等于或低于约20重量%,使得团聚的混合物和/或松脆内含物不太烂糊)方面具有可接受的特征的团聚的混合物之后,产生多重质构的烘焙零食的示例性方法包括将团聚的混合物压片以准备用于烘焙。在一些实施方案中,将团聚的混合物(其可具有面团的稠度)压片以产生期望厚度的一个或更多个片材。
在一个实施方案中,可通过使浆料在两个旋转辊之间通过来实现压片,这两个旋转辊以被设计成实现所得片材的期望厚度(例如,约2mm至约3mm)的距离彼此间隔开。辊可设定在室温下,或者可根据需要相对于室温冷却或加热。在一个方面,辊可具有彼此不同的温度。在一些方面,压片步骤可在不使用辊的情况下进行,并且可涉及旋转沉积工艺。
在一些方面,使用常规的棒方法将团聚的混合物压片,以避免破坏低密度内含物(例如大米脆)并保持其完整性。在一个实施方案中,在团聚的混合物的压片期间利用平滑辊以防止内含物诸如大米脆片被压碎。
在成分混合物形成为合适厚度的一个或更多个片材之后,制作多重质构的零食的方法的下一步骤是在烘箱中烘焙可放置在烘焙盘上的片材以形成烘焙产品。在一些实施方案中,将片材在常规烘箱中在约115℃至160℃的温度下烘焙约18分钟至22分钟,直至形成具有约2%至5%水分含量的松脆烘焙产品。应当理解,在一些实施方案中,使用不同的方法(例如,高温对流干燥、真空干燥、微波加热等)热处理团聚的成分混合物。
在一些实施方案中,在烘焙步骤完成后,将烘焙产品(其仍为连续的一个或多个片材的形式)冷却至室温(例如,约68℉),或冷却至低于室温的温度。在烘焙产品冷却后,然后通过将连续烘焙片材破碎成多块多重质构的烘焙零食,将烘焙产品转变成最终产品(即,多重质构的烘焙零食或皮)。该零食块的最终形状可以是唯一的,并且零食块可具有不同的形状、尺寸和内含物位置变化,并且可破碎成各种尺寸的不规则块。图1至图4中示出了不同形状和尺寸的一些示例性多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食。在一些具体实施中,破碎辊用于将片材破碎成块,同时在不压碎或损坏内含物(例如,大米脆片)的设置下被构造。又如,可将烘焙产品切成棒形。由于多重质构的烘焙零食中内含物的数量和位置的变化(参见例如图1至图4),所得多重质构的基于谷物的零食在其表面上可能有差别,这可能在消费者品尝的每一口多重质构的烘焙零食中给予消费者不同的质构体验,这可让零食更受消费者欢迎。
在一些实施方案中,各块多重质构的烘焙零食整体上通常是三角形的,并且尺寸被设计为具有约2mm至约3mm的厚度和不同尺寸的长度和宽度。在一些方面,代表上述方法的最终产品的各块多重质构的烘焙零食具有小于约650g/L,例如在约500g/L和600g/L之间的密度,从而导致最终产品对消费者来说不会太难咀嚼。
如本文所述,通过将经蒸煮的谷物(例如经蒸煮的大米)而不是谷物面粉与这种谷物的松脆形式以及与液体(例如糖浆、水、油)和预糊化淀粉组合来使用低脂低糖粘结剂,使得本文所述的烘焙零食(即“皮”)为多重质构的,从而为消费者带来独特且令人愉悦的食用体验,同时对于消费者来说也不会太难咀嚼。
本领域的技术人员将认识到,还可在不脱离本发明范围的前提下,对以上描述的实施方案作出许多其他修改、变更和组合,并且此类修改、变更和组合将被视为落入本发明的构思的范围内。
Claims (22)
1.一种制备多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食的方法,所述方法包括:
将包含经蒸煮的谷物、所述谷物的酥脆形式、预糊化淀粉、糖浆、水、油和调味品的成分组合,并将所述成分混合以形成团聚的混合物,其中所述经蒸煮的谷物、所述谷物的所述酥脆形式和所述调味品占所述团聚的混合物的至少50重量%;
将所述团聚的混合物压片以形成用于烘焙的至少一个片材;
将所述至少一个片材烘焙至约2%至约5%的水分含量以形成烘焙产品;以及
将所述烘焙产品破碎以形成多块所述多重质构的基于谷物的零食。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述谷物选自由下列组成的组:大米、藜麦、高粱、苋属植物、小米、小麦、斯佩耳特小麦、呼罗珊小麦、二粒小麦、单粒小麦、法罗小麦、黑麦、大麦、燕麦、玉米、黑小麦、豆类等以及它们的组合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述谷物的所述酥脆形式包括大米脆片。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述糖浆包括一种或更多种菊苣根纤维糖浆。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述团聚的混合物具有约15重量%至约30重量%的水分含量。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述团聚的混合物包括约17重量%至22重量%的所述经蒸煮的谷物、约15重量%至19重量%的所述糖浆、约1重量%至5重量%的所述水、约3重量%至7重量%的所述油、约17重量%至22重量%的所述预糊化淀粉、约26重量%至32重量%的所述谷物的所述酥脆形式和约6重量%至12重量%的所述调味品。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述至少一个片材具有约2mm至约3mm的厚度。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述多重质构的基于谷物的零食具有小于650g/L的整体密度。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述经蒸煮的谷物具有约1100g/L至1200g/L的密度,并且其中所述谷物的所述酥脆形式具有约300g/L至750g/L的密度。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述烘焙步骤包含将所述至少一个片材在约115℃至约160℃的温度下烘焙约18分钟至约22分钟。
11.一种多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食,所述多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食包括经蒸煮的谷物、所述谷物的酥脆形式、预糊化淀粉、糖浆、水、油和调味品,其中所述经蒸煮的谷物、所述谷物的所述酥脆形式和所述调味品占所述多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食的至少50重量%。
12.根据权利要求11所述的多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食,其中所述谷物选自由下列组成的组:大米、藜麦、高粱、苋属植物、小米、小麦、斯佩耳特小麦、呼罗珊小麦、二粒小麦、单粒小麦、法罗小麦、黑麦、大麦、燕麦、玉米、黑小麦、豆类等以及它们的组合。
13.根据权利要求12所述的多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食,其中所述谷物的所述酥脆形式包括大米脆片。
14.根据权利要求11所述的多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食,其中所述糖浆包括一种或更多种菊苣根纤维糖浆。
15.根据权利要求11所述的多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食,其中所述多重质构的基于谷物的零食具有约2mm至约3mm的整体厚度和小于650g/L的整体密度。
16.根据权利要求11所述的多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食,其中所述经蒸煮的谷物具有约1100g/L至1200g/L的密度,并且其中所述谷物的所述酥脆形式具有约300g/L至750g/L的密度。
17.一种用于制备多重质构的基于谷物的烘焙零食的团聚的混合物,所述团聚的混合物包括经蒸煮的谷物、所述谷物的酥脆形式、预糊化淀粉、糖浆、水、油和调味品,其中所述经蒸煮的谷物、所述谷物的所述酥脆形式和所述调味品占所述团聚的混合物的至少50重量%。
18.根据权利要求17所述的团聚的混合物,其中所述谷物选自由下列组成的组:大米、藜麦、高粱、苋属植物、小米、小麦、斯佩耳特小麦、呼罗珊小麦、二粒小麦、单粒小麦、法罗小麦、黑麦、大麦、燕麦、玉米、黑小麦、豆类等以及它们的组合。
19.根据权利要求17所述的团聚的混合物,其中所述谷物的所述酥脆形式包括大米脆片。
20.根据权利要求17所述的团聚的混合物,其中所述糖浆包括一种或更多种菊苣根纤维糖浆。
21.根据权利要求17所述的团聚的混合物,其中浆料具有约15重量%至约30重量%的水分含量。
22.根据权利要求17所述的团聚的混合物,其中所述团聚的混合物包括约17重量%至22重量%的所述经蒸煮的谷物、约15重量%至19重量%的所述糖浆、约1重量%至5重量%的所述水、约3重量%至7重量%的所述油、约17重量%至22重量%的所述预糊化淀粉、约26重量%至32重量%的所述谷物的所述酥脆形式和约6重量%至10重量%的所述调味品。
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