CN115714257A - LTCC-based miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized antenna and application - Google Patents
LTCC-based miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized antenna and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN115714257A CN115714257A CN202211423319.6A CN202211423319A CN115714257A CN 115714257 A CN115714257 A CN 115714257A CN 202211423319 A CN202211423319 A CN 202211423319A CN 115714257 A CN115714257 A CN 115714257A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small-sized low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on LTCC (low temperature co-fired ceramic). A mode of feeding a radiation patch by adopting a feed structure of a grounded coplanar waveguide-to-substrate integrated waveguide is adopted, the feed structure is favorable for planarization of the whole structure and compact structure, a metalized through hole for adjusting and matching is loaded in the substrate integrated waveguide, the impedance matching of the structure is favorable, four square corner-cut radiation patches are loaded to be placed around an L-shaped radiation patch to make up the performance of the circularly polarized antenna, particularly the deterioration of the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna, caused by low profile, and the parasitic patch effectively expands the axial ratio bandwidth, ensures that the structure of the antenna is more compact and smaller in size, maintains the low profile characteristic, expands the circularly polarized bandwidth, and realizes the coverage of a 5G millimeter wave n257 (26.5-29.5 GHz) frequency band.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of antennas of wireless communication technology, in particular to a small low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on LTCC and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the frequency spectrum resources available for public wireless communication in the low frequency band are relatively few, and it is difficult to support the development of high-speed wireless applications, and the microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands have been increasingly utilized by systems. The circularly polarized antenna has strong anti-jamming capability, and therefore, the circularly polarized antenna is applied to various mobile communication systems, such as fifth-generation mobile communication, satellite communication and other systems.
Xu, w.hong et al, in "Low-Cost Millimeter-Wave circular Polarized Planar Integrated magnetic-Electric Dipole and Its Arrays With Low-Profile Feeding Structures," in IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol.19, no.8, pp.1400-1404, aug.2020, doi.
An important index of the circularly polarized antenna, which is different from the linearly polarized antenna, is the axial ratio characteristic within the operating bandwidth, and the axial ratio is an important parameter for measuring the circularly polarized characteristic of the circularly polarized antenna. The traditional single-point feed circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna has extremely narrow bandwidth, and the bandwidth deterioration is caused by the reduction of the section, so that the expansion of the circularly polarized bandwidth of the microstrip patch antenna becomes a hotspot, and the bandwidth broadening technology is always a research hotspot. Common technical means for expanding bandwidth mainly include: (1) Slot loading techniques, such as "A Wireless band circular Polarized Microtrip sheet Antenna for 5-6-GHz Wireless LAN Applications" by Yang G et al, vol.45, no.4.2005.Pp.279-285, and "Wireless band circular Polarized Antenna with L-Shaped Slot" by Yang S et al, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation (vol.15, pp.1073-1076,2016, doi. (2) Stacked patch technologies, such as the Stacked Microstrip patch used in "Stacked Arrangement of Rectangular Microstrip Patches for circular Polarized Broadband Performance" published by IEEE Antennas and Wireless Performance Letters (vol.9, pp.910-913,2010, doi. (3) Coplanar Parasitic resonance techniques, such as Wu J et al, which broaden the bandwidth of microstrip Antennas by adding Parasitic patches on a single-layer substrate in "Broadband Polarized Patch Antenna with Parasitic Strips" published by IEEE Antennas and Wireless amplification Letters (vol.14, pp.559-562,2015, doi. (4) Thickening the substrate and lowering the dielectric constant and using special feeding techniques. The surface wave enhancement can be caused by the increase of the thickness of the substrate, the equivalent inductance exists in the feed probe, and the gain of the simple increase of the thickness of the substrate on the bandwidth expansion is not large.
Therefore, on the premise that the antenna needs to maintain the low-profile characteristic, a suitable way for expanding the bandwidth of the circularly polarized antenna needs to be selected, and in addition, in order to meet the requirement of circuit miniaturization in a wireless communication system, communication of various signals can be completed in a limited volume, and the realization of the characteristics of antenna miniaturization, low profile and the like is a problem which needs to be solved urgently in the design process of the antenna nowadays.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small-sized low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on LTCC (low temperature co-fired ceramic) and application thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology, expanding the bandwidth of the circularly polarized antenna on the premise of maintaining the low-profile characteristic, realizing the communication of various signals in a limited volume, and realizing the characteristics of miniaturization, low profile and the like of the antenna.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a small-sized low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on LTCC and a specific technical scheme of application, wherein the small-sized low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on LTCC comprises the following steps:
a small-sized low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on LTCC comprises a medium substrate layer I and a medium substrate layer II, wherein the medium substrate layer I and the medium substrate layer II are arranged in a stacked mode, L-shaped radiation patches are symmetrically placed in the middle of the upper surface of an upper medium substrate layer I, square corner cut radiation patches are respectively arranged at four corners of each L-shaped radiation patch, a metal layer II is arranged on the lower surface of a lower medium substrate layer II, an input port is formed in the metal layer II, and the metal layer I is arranged between the medium substrate layer I and the medium substrate layer II;
the substrate integrated waveguide structure is characterized in that a metalized through hole penetrating through the metal layer I is formed in the medium substrate layer II, the metal layer I and the metal layer II form a substrate integrated waveguide structure, a substrate integrated cavity is formed on the inner side surrounded by the metalized through hole, a rectangular gap is formed in the metal layer I, signal through holes are symmetrically formed in two sides of the rectangular gap, and the signal through holes penetrate through the medium substrate layer I and are connected with the L-shaped patch.
Further, two L type radiation patches and four square corner cut radiation patches thickness are 0.008mm, two sizes that four square corner cut radiation patches placed along the diagonal are the same, and two adjacent sizes are different.
Further, metal matching holes are formed in the substrate integration cavity.
Further, gaps are symmetrically formed in the metal layer II, a metal strip is arranged between the two gaps, the two gaps and the metal strip form an input port, the width of each gap is 0.28mm, and the width of each metal strip is 0.3mm.
Furthermore, the dielectric substrate layer I and the dielectric substrate layer II have relative dielectric constants of 5.9 and loss tangents of 0.002, and are respectively laminated by a plurality of layers of LTCC casting films.
Further, medium base plate I is laminated through 6 layers of LTCC curtain coating diaphragm and is made, medium base plate II is laminated through 2 layers of LTCC curtain coating diaphragm and is made, and every layer of LTCC curtain coating diaphragm thickness is 0.1mm.
Furthermore, the thicknesses of the metal layer I and the metal layer II are both 0.008mm.
The application of the LTCC-based miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized antenna is applied to a 5G millimeter wave n257 (26.5-29.5 GHz) frequency band.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a small-sized low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on LTCC, which adopts a mode that a feed structure of a grounded coplanar waveguide-to-substrate integrated waveguide feeds a radiation patch, the feed structure is beneficial to the planarization of the whole structure and has a compact structure, metal matching holes disturbing field distribution are arranged in the substrate integrated waveguide, and four square corner-cut radiation patches are loaded to be used as parasitic patches to be placed around an L-shaped radiation patch, so that the performance of the circularly polarized antenna, particularly the deterioration of the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna, brought by a low profile is compensated, the parasitic patches effectively expand the axial ratio bandwidth, simultaneously, the structure of the antenna is more compact, the size of the antenna is smaller, the characteristic of the low profile is maintained, the circularly polarized bandwidth is expanded, and the coverage of a 5G millimeter wave n257 (26.5-29.5 GHz) frequency band is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a radiation patch on a dielectric substrate I according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of metal layer I of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of metal layer II of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is the | S of the present invention 11 A schematic diagram of the l parameter and the circular polarization gain simulation result;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the axial ratio parameter simulation results of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the antenna comprises a medium substrate layer I, a medium substrate layer II, a medium substrate layer 21, a metalized through hole, a 3.L-shaped radiation patch, a square corner-cut radiation patch 4, a metal layer I5, a metal layer I51, a rectangular gap 52, a signal through hole 53, a metal matching hole 53, a metal layer II 6, a gap 61, a first gap 611, a second gap 612 and a metal strip 62.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on LTCC is designed, which includes a medium substrate layer i 1 and a medium substrate layer ii 2, the medium substrate layer i 1 and the medium substrate layer ii 2 are stacked, an L-shaped radiation patch 3 is symmetrically placed in the middle of the upper surface of the upper medium substrate layer i 1, a square corner cut radiation patch 4 is respectively disposed at four corners of the L-shaped radiation patch 3, a metal layer ii 6 is disposed on the lower surface of the lower medium substrate layer ii 2, an input port is disposed on the metal layer ii 6, and a metal layer i 5 is disposed between the medium substrate layer i 1 and the medium substrate layer ii 2;
be provided with the metallization through-hole 21 that runs through metal level I5 on medium base plate layer II 2, medium base plate layer II 2 constitutes substrate integrated waveguide structure with metal level I5, metal level II 6, and wherein the inboard that metallization through-hole 21 surrounded forms the substrate integrated cavity, has seted up rectangular gap 51 on the metal level I5, and rectangular gap 51 bilateral symmetry is provided with signal through-hole 52, signal through-hole 52 runs through in medium base plate layer I1 and links to each other with L type paster 3.
When the antenna is used specifically, a microwave connector is adopted to feed the input end grounding coplanar waveguide, the impedance of the grounding coplanar waveguide serving as an input end is 50 ohms, then the grounding coplanar waveguide is converted into a substrate integrated waveguide structure, the substrate integrated waveguide structure comprises a metal layer I5, a medium substrate layer II 2 and a metal layer II 6, a metalized through hole 21 penetrating through the metal layer I5 is formed in the medium substrate layer II 2, a rectangular gap I51 is formed in the metal layer I5 in the substrate integrated waveguide structure, then energy is transmitted to an L-shaped radiation patch 3 through two signal through holes 53 arranged on two sides of the rectangular gap 51 and penetrating through the medium substrate layer I1, four square corner cut radiation patches 4 are loaded to be arranged around the L-shaped radiation patch 3, the deterioration of the circular polarization antenna performance, particularly the axial ratio bandwidth, caused by a low section is compensated, the parasitic patch effectively expands the axial ratio bandwidth, the structure of the antenna is more compact, the size is smaller, the low section characteristic is maintained, and the circular polarization bandwidth is expanded.
In the above embodiment, 1 example is listed to realize the above technical solution:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the antenna structure of the small-sized low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on LTCC provided in this embodiment is manufactured by using LTCC technology, and includes a dielectric substrate layer i 1 and a dielectric substrate layer ii 2, the dielectric substrate layer i 1 and the dielectric substrate layer ii 2 are stacked, the dielectric substrate layer i 1 has a transverse dimension of 6.25mm and a longitudinal dimension of 7.25mm, the dielectric substrate layer ii 2 has a dimension the same as that of the dielectric substrate layer i 1, the dielectric materials of the dielectric substrate layer i 1 and the dielectric substrate layer ii 2 are made of Ferro A6m provided by Ferro corporation, the relative dielectric constants of the dielectric substrate layer i 1 and the dielectric substrate layer ii 2 are 5.9, the loss tangent is 0.002, the dielectric substrate layer i 1 is made of 6 layers of LTCC casting films, the dielectric substrate layer ii 2 is made of 2 layers of LTCC casting films, and the thickness of each layer of LTCC casting film is 0.1mm, the middle of the upper surface of an upper medium substrate layer I1 is printed with silver paste to form an L-shaped radiation patch 3 with the transverse length of 1.6mm and the longitudinal length of 1.53mm, the four corners of the L-shaped radiation patch 3 are respectively provided with a square corner cut radiation patch 4, the four square corner cut radiation patches 4 are used as parasitic patches and are uniformly arranged around the L-shaped radiation patch 3 by silver paste printing, the axial ratio bandwidth of the circularly polarized antenna is effectively expanded, one of the two square corner cut radiation patches 4 arranged along the diagonal is a square with the side length of 1.61mm, the corner cut on the one square corner cut radiation patch is a square with the side length of 0.2mm, the other square corner cut radiation patch 4 arranged along the diagonal is a square with the side length of 1.72mm, the corner cut on the other square corner cut radiation patch is a square with the side length of 0.2mm, the lower surface of a lower medium substrate layer II 2 is printed with a metal layer II 6 by silver paste, two symmetrical gaps 61 are arranged on the metal layer II 6, and a metal strip 62 is arranged between the two gaps 61, the two slits 61 and the metal strip 62 form an input port, the width of the metal strip 62 is 0.3mm, the slit 61 is L-shaped, and the slot is formed by integrally forming a first slit 611 and a second slit 612, wherein the length of the first slit 611 is 1.78mm, the width of the first slit is 0.28mm, the length of the second slit 612 is 0.76mm, the width of the second slit is 0.45mm, a metal layer I5 is arranged between the medium substrate layer I1 and the medium substrate layer II 2, and the thicknesses of the metal layer I5 and the metal layer II 6 are both 0.008mm;
be provided with the metallization through-hole 21 that runs through metal level I5 on medium base plate layer II 2, medium base plate layer II 2 and metal level I5, metal level II 6 constitutes substrate integrated waveguide structure, wherein the inboard that metallization through-hole 21 surrounds forms the substrate integrated cavity, a metal matching hole 53 that is used for disturbing field distribution has been seted up in the substrate integrated cavity, rectangular gap 51 has been seted up on the metal level I5 in the substrate integrated cavity, rectangular gap 51 is long for 1.8mm, wide for 0.16mm, and rectangular gap 51 bilateral symmetry is provided with signal through-hole 52, signal through-hole 52 runs through and links to each other with L type paster 3 respectively in medium base plate layer I1.
The LTCC-based miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized antenna is applied to a 5G millimeter wave n257 (26.5-29.5 GHz) frequency band.
As can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on LTCC provided by this embodiment can realize 5G millimeter wave n257 (26.5-29.5 GHz) frequency band coverage within a profile thickness of 0.824mm, and an axial ratio in the frequency band is less than 3dB, so that the physical size of the antenna is reduced while the performance of the antenna is improved, and the antenna has a more compact structure, a smaller size, and a lower profile.
It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments and that various changes in form and details may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The small-sized low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on the LTCC comprises a medium substrate layer I (1) and a medium substrate layer II (2), and is characterized in that the medium substrate layer I (1) and the medium substrate layer II (2) are arranged in a stacked mode, an L-shaped radiation patch (3) is symmetrically placed in the middle of the upper surface of the upper medium substrate layer I (1), four corners of the L-shaped radiation patch (3) are respectively provided with a square corner-cut radiation patch (4), the lower surface of the lower medium substrate layer II (2) is provided with a metal layer II (6), an input port is formed in the metal layer II (6), and a metal layer I (5) is arranged between the medium substrate layer I (1) and the medium substrate layer II (2);
be provided with metallized through hole (21) that runs through metal level I (5) on medium base plate layer II (2), medium base plate layer II (2) constitutes substrate integrated waveguide structure with metal level I (5), metal level II (6), and wherein the inboard that metallized through hole (21) surround forms substrate integrated cavity, rectangular gap (51) have been seted up on metal level I (5), and rectangular gap (51) bilateral symmetry is provided with signal through-hole (52), signal through-hole (52) run through in medium base plate layer I (1) with L type paster (3) link to each other.
2. An LTCC-based miniaturized low profile circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the two L-shaped radiation patches (3) and the four square corner cut radiation patches (4) are all 0.008mm thick, and two of the four square corner cut radiation patches (4) placed along the diagonal have the same size, and the two adjacent ones have different sizes.
3. The LTCC-based miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the substrate integration cavity is provided with a metal matching hole (53).
4. The LTCC-based miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized antenna is characterized in that the metal layer II (6) is symmetrically provided with slots (61), a metal strip (62) is arranged between the two slots (61), the two slots (61) and the metal strip (62) form an input port, the width of each slot (61) is 0.28mm, and the width of each metal strip (62) is 0.3mm.
5. The LTCC-based miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate layer I (1) and the dielectric substrate layer II (2) have relative dielectric constant of 5.9 and loss tangent of 0.002, and are respectively formed by laminating several layers of LTCC cast films.
6. The miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized LTCC-based antenna as claimed in claim 5, wherein said dielectric substrate I (1) is formed by laminating 6 LTCC cast films, said dielectric substrate II (2) is formed by laminating 2 LTCC cast films, and each LTCC cast film has a thickness of 0.1mm.
7. The LTCC-based miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of each of the metal layer I (5) and the metal layer II (6) is 0.008mm.
8. Use of a miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized antenna based on LTCC according to any of claims 1-7, wherein said circularly polarized antenna is used in the 5G mm wave n257 (26.5-29.5 GHz) band.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117712680A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-03-15 | 电子科技大学 | Super-surface circularly polarized conformal antenna based on characteristic mode theory |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117712680A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-03-15 | 电子科技大学 | Super-surface circularly polarized conformal antenna based on characteristic mode theory |
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