CN115714245A

CN115714245A - Filter, antenna, base station and manufacturing method of filter

Info

Publication number: CN115714245A
Application number: CN202110969093.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓良勇; 蔡丹涛
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-23
Filing date: 2021-08-23
Publication date: 2023-02-24
Also published as: WO2023024814A1

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a filter, an antenna, a base station and a manufacturing method of the filter, which are used for avoiding independent assembly of a plurality of resonators so as to reduce matching precision among the resonators. In this application, include first inner conductor through the filter, the outer conductor, first insulating medium layer, second insulating medium layer and resonator conductor, inlay in first insulating medium layer through first inner conductor, lay on the surface of first insulating medium layer through the resonator conductor, and first insulating medium layer inlays in second insulating medium layer, the outer conductor lays on the surface of second insulating medium layer, prior art compares, when having realized the miniaturization of filter, need not a plurality of syntonizers and assemble alone, the cooperation precision between the syntonizer has been reduced.

Description

Filter, antenna, base station and manufacturing method of filter

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a filter, an antenna, a base station, and a method for manufacturing the filter.

Background

The filter type commonly used in the wireless base station mainly comprises a metal coaxial cavity filter. However, with the higher integration level of wireless equipment, the requirements on miniaturization and light weight of the filter are higher, and the three-dimensional occupied space of the outline of the metal coaxial cavity filter is larger.

For this reason, in-line filters as shown in fig. 1 are also currently on the market. The in-line filter is a tubular metal housing with a single internal cavity extending along a longitudinal axis, and a plurality of resonators (250-1, 250-2, 250-3) spaced along the longitudinal axis within the single internal cavity, each resonator having a rod (252), the rods of first and second ones of the resonators being rotated to have different angular orientations. The inline filter can realize miniaturization and weight reduction of the filter.

However, such a structural member requires a plurality of parts to be assembled and combined, the processing technology is complex, the coupling angle between the resonators needs to be controlled, and the requirement on consistency is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a filter, an antenna, a base station and a manufacturing method of the filter, which are used for avoiding independent assembly of a plurality of resonators so as to reduce matching precision among the resonators.

The first aspect of the present application provides a filter, first inner conductor, an outer conductor, a first insulating medium layer, second insulating medium layer and resonator conductor, inlay in first insulating medium layer through first inner conductor, lay on the surface of first insulating medium layer through the resonator conductor, and first insulating medium layer inlays in second insulating medium layer, outer conductor lays on the surface of second insulating medium layer, prior art compares, when having realized the miniaturization of filter, need not a plurality of syntonizers and assemble alone, the cooperation precision between the syntonizer has been reduced.

In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor is strip-shaped and may be conveniently arranged on the surface of the first dielectric layer.

In some possible implementations, the length of the resonator conductor is 1/2 of the target wavelength, and the target wavelength to be filtered can be controlled by controlling the length of the resonator conductor.

In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor is arranged on the surface of the first insulating medium layer in a spiral manner, so that the length of the resonator conductor is not limited to the circumference of the cross section of the first insulating medium.

In some feasible implementation manners, the resonator conductor is a metal layer on the surface of the second insulating medium layer, and a slot is arranged in the metal layer, wherein the slot is in a strip shape, and a layout method is provided.

In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor is a flexible film metal layer, and the resonator conductor is conveniently arranged.

In some feasible realization modes, the resonator conductor is a metal conductor coating, and the feasibility in process is high.

In some possible implementations, a second inner conductor and a third insulating dielectric layer, the second inner conductor being embedded in the third insulating dielectric layer; the radius of the third insulating medium layer is smaller than that of the first inner conductor, and the third insulating medium layer is embedded in the first inner conductor, so that a high-pass filter can be realized.

A second aspect of the present application provides an antenna comprising a filter as described in the various implementations of the first aspect described above.

A third aspect of the application provides a base station comprising an antenna as described above in relation to the second aspect.

A fourth aspect of the present application provides a method of manufacturing a filter, including:

embedding the first inner conductor in the first insulating medium layer;

arranging a resonator conductor on the surface of the first insulating medium layer;

embedding the first insulating medium layer provided with the resonator conductor into the second insulating medium layer;

and arranging the outer conductor on the surface of the second insulating medium layer.

In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor is strip-shaped.

In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor has a length of 1/2 of the target wavelength.

In some possible implementations, the routing of the resonator conductor on the surface of the first dielectric layer includes: and arranging the resonator conductor on the surface of the first insulating medium layer in a spiral mode.

In some possible implementation manners, the resonator conductor is a metal layer on the surface of the second insulating medium layer, and a slot is disposed in the metal layer, where the slot is a strip.

In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor is a flexible film metal layer.

In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor is a metal conductor plating.

In some possible implementations, a second inner conductor and a third insulating dielectric layer; embedding the second inner conductor in a third insulating medium layer; and embedding the third insulating medium layer in the first inner conductor, wherein the radius of the third insulating medium layer is smaller than that of the first inner conductor.

According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:

in this application, include first inner conductor through the filter, the outer conductor, first insulating medium layer, second insulating medium layer and resonator conductor, inlay in first insulating medium layer through first inner conductor, lay on the surface of first insulating medium layer through the resonator conductor, and first insulating medium layer inlays in second insulating medium layer, the outer conductor lays on the surface of second insulating medium layer, prior art compares, when having realized the miniaturization of filter, need not a plurality of syntonizers and assemble alone, the cooperation precision between the syntonizer has been reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an in-line filter;

FIG. 2-1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna feed system in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2-2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3-1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3-2 is a schematic diagram of a resonator conductor in the embodiment of the present application in the form of a strip;

3-3 are another schematic diagrams of the resonator conductor in the embodiment of the present application in the form of a strip;

3-4 are schematic diagrams of the resonator conductors in the embodiments of the present application having a C-shape;

FIGS. 3-5 are additional schematic diagrams of the resonator conductors in the embodiments of the present application having a C-shape;

fig. 3-6 are schematic diagrams of embodiments of high-pass filters in which the resonator conductors are strip-shaped in the embodiments of the present application;

FIGS. 3-7 are schematic diagrams of embodiments of high pass filters in which the resonator conductors of the embodiments of the present application are C-shaped;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a filter in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the foregoing drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and are merely descriptive of the various embodiments of the application and how objects of the same nature can be distinguished. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application may be applied to filters in communication systems for various data processing, for example, filters in systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and Long Term Evolution (LTE) system fifth generation (5 radial generation,5 g) mobile communication systems, new wireless (NR) systems, and Massive multiple-input multiple-output (Massive MIMO) systems.

The term "system" may be used interchangeably with "network". CDMA systems may implement wireless technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), CDMA2000, and the like. UTRA may include Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) technology and other CDMA variant technologies. CDMA2000 may cover the Interim Standard (IS) 2000 (IS-2000), IS-95 and IS-856 standards. TDMA systems may implement wireless technologies such as global system for mobile communications (GSM). The OFDMA system may implement wireless technologies such as evolved universal radio terrestrial access (E-UTRA), ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, flash OFDMA, and the like. UTRA and E-UTRA are UMTS as well as UMTS evolved versions. Various versions of 3GPP in Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-based evolution are new versions of UMTS using E-UTRA.

In addition, the communication system can also be applied to future-oriented communication technologies, and all the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are applied. The system architecture and the service scenario described in the embodiment of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, and do not form a limitation on the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, and as a person of ordinary skill in the art knows that along with the evolution of the network architecture and the appearance of a new service scenario, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to similar technical problems.

The filter of the embodiment of the present application may be applied to an antenna feed system of a wireless base station, as shown in fig. 2-1, the antenna feed system 200 includes: an antenna 210, a pole 220, an antenna adjusting bracket 230, a grounding device 240, a joint sealing member 250 (including an insulating sealing tape, a polyvinyl chloride insulating tape, etc.), and the like.

For example, as shown in fig. 2-2, which is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of the antenna 210, the antenna 210 may be located in a radome, and the antenna 210 may specifically include: at least one independent array 211 and antenna stubs 212.

Wherein the independent array 211 comprises the radiation units 211-1 and the metal reflection plate 211-2, wherein the radiation units 211-1 are usually disposed above the metal reflection plate 211-2, and the frequencies of the different radiation units 211-1 may be the same or different. The individual arrays 211 receive or transmit radio frequency signals through respective feed networks, which are typically formed by controlled impedance transmission lines, which may also include phase shifters 213, combiners 214, filters 215, and a transmission or calibration network 216, among other modules for extended performance. The feed network may be used to achieve different radiation beam pointing via a drive or calibration network 216, or to obtain calibration signals required by the system.

Among them, the radiation unit 211-1 is a unit constituting a basic structure of an antenna array, and is used for radiating or receiving radio waves. The metal reflection plate 211-2 is used to improve the receiving sensitivity of the antenna signal, reflect and focus the antenna signal on a receiving point, greatly enhance the receiving/transmitting capability of the antenna 210, and also play a role in blocking and shielding interference of other electric waves from the back (reverse direction) to the received signal. The feeding network is used for feeding signals to the radiation unit 211-1 according to a certain amplitude and phase or sending received wireless signals to the signal processing unit of the wireless base station according to a certain amplitude and phase. The radome is a structural member for protecting the antenna feeder system 200 from the external environment, has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics in electrical performance, and can withstand the action of the external severe environment in mechanical performance.

The receiving and transmitting system of the wireless base station mainly comprises a high-frequency filter, an oscillator, a power amplifier, a modem and a power supply. The filter is a basic radio frequency unit, and can filter signals of certain specific frequencies to obtain a target signal. Since a filter is formed by energy coupling of individual resonators, miniaturization of the resonators is an important approach for miniaturization of the filter.

The filter type commonly used in the wireless base station mainly comprises a metal coaxial cavity filter. However, as the integration level of wireless equipment is higher and higher, the requirements on miniaturization and light weight of the filter are higher and higher, and the outline of the metal coaxial cavity filter occupies a larger space in a three-dimensional manner.

For this reason, in-line filters as shown in fig. 1 are also currently on the market. The in-line filter is a tubular metal housing with a single inner cavity extending along a longitudinal axis, and a plurality of resonators (250-1, 250-2, 250-3) spaced along the longitudinal axis within the single inner cavity, each resonator having a rod (252), the rods of first and second ones of the resonators being rotated to have different angular orientations. The inline filter can realize miniaturization and lightweight of the filter.

However, such a structural member requires a plurality of parts to be assembled and combined, the processing process is complicated, the coupling angle between resonators needs to be controlled, and the requirement for consistency is high.

To this end, referring to fig. 3-1, the present application provides a cross section of a filter 300, which includes a first inner conductor 310, an outer conductor 320, a first insulating dielectric layer 330, a second insulating dielectric layer 340, and a resonator conductor 350, wherein the first inner conductor 310 is embedded in the first insulating dielectric layer 330, the resonator conductor 350 is disposed on the surface of the first insulating dielectric layer 330, the first insulating dielectric layer 330 is embedded in the second insulating dielectric layer 340, and the outer conductor 320 is disposed on the surface of the second insulating dielectric layer 340.

It should be noted that the first inner conductor 310, the outer conductor 320, the first insulating medium layer 330 and the second insulating medium layer 340 constitute a coaxial transmission line. The coaxial transmission line is a broadband microwave transmission line in which a traveling system is formed by two coaxial cylindrical conductors, and air or a high-frequency medium is filled between an inner conductor and an outer conductor. In the embodiment of the present application, the first inner conductor 310 is embedded in the first insulating dielectric layer 330, the first insulating dielectric layer 330 is embedded in the second insulating dielectric layer 340, and the outer conductor 320 is disposed on the surface of the second insulating dielectric layer 340. In the embodiment of the present application, by disposing the resonator conductor 350 on the surface of the first insulating medium layer 330, compared with the prior art, the miniaturization of the filter is achieved without separately assembling a plurality of resonators, and the matching accuracy between the resonators is reduced.

Hereinafter, each of the above components will be described in detail.

1. A first inner conductor 310.

In some possible implementations, the material of the first inner conductor 310 may be a conductive metal, such as copper or silver, or other conductive metals, or other conductive substances, which is not limited herein. In some possible implementations, the first inner conductor 310 may be an inner conductor of a coaxial transmission line, and has a long strip shape with a circular cross section. In the present embodiment, the first inner conductor 310 may be used to transmit electrical signals.

2. A first insulating dielectric layer 330.

In some possible implementations, the material of the first insulating medium layer 330 may be an insulating medium. A substance that is not good at conducting current is called an insulating medium, and its resistivity is extremely high. The insulating medium may be various, solid such as plastic, rubber, glass, ceramic, etc., liquid such as various natural mineral oils, silicone oil, trichlorobiphenyl, etc., gas such as air, carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, etc., and is not limited herein.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first insulating dielectric layer 330 wraps the first inner conductor 310, and the first inner conductor 310 is embedded in the first insulating dielectric layer 330. The cross section of the first inner conductor 310 is a hollow circle. The first insulating medium layer 330 is used for wrapping the first inner conductor 310, so that the first inner conductor 310 is prevented from being leaked, and signal distortion is avoided.

It should be noted that the insulating medium may be "broken down" and converted into a conductor under certain external conditions, such as heating and applying high voltage. The insulating medium is not an absolutely non-conductive object until it is not broken down. If a voltage is applied across the insulating medium, a weak current will appear in the material. To this end, in some possible implementations, the insulating medium of the respective resistivity may be selected as desired.

3. The resonator conductor 350.

And (3) a layout method 1.

In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor 350 is strip-shaped. For example, as shown in fig. 3-2, when the resonator conductors 350 are tiled, they may be rectangular, elongated, or other strips, which is not limited herein. As shown in fig. 3-3, the resonator conductors 350 in the form of strips may be arranged on the surface of the first dielectric layer 330 in a spiral manner, so as to implement the function of a band-stop filter.

In some possible implementations, the material of the resonator conductor 350 may be a conductive metal, such as copper or silver, or other conductive metal, or other conductive substance, which is not limited herein.

In some possible implementations, a flexible film metal layer may be attached to the surface of the first insulating medium layer 330. For another example, a metal conductor plating layer is electroplated on the surface of the first insulating dielectric layer 330 by electroplating. In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor 350 may also be disposed on the surface of the first insulating dielectric layer 330 by other means, which are not limited herein.

It should be noted that the length of the resonator conductor 350 is related to the target wavelength to be filtered, and in some possible implementations, the length of the resonator conductor 350 is 1/2 of the target wavelength. For example, the target wavelength is 0.01 mm, then the length of the resonator conductor 350 is 0.005 mm.

And (3) a layout method 2.

In some possible implementations, as shown in fig. 3-4, the resonator conductor 350 is a metal layer on the surface of the second insulating medium layer 340, and a slot is provided in the metal layer, the slot being in the shape of a bar. For example, when the resonator conductors 350 are tiled, the slots may be rectangular, elongated, or other strips, which is not limited herein. In some possible implementations, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the slots may be disposed on the surface of the first insulating medium layer 330 in a C shape, which is not limited herein.

In some possible implementations, a flexible film metal layer may be attached to the surface of the first insulating medium layer 330, so as to implement the function of the band-stop filter. For another example, a metal conductor plating layer is electroplated on the surface of the first insulating dielectric layer 330 by electroplating. In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor 350 may also be arranged on the surface of the first insulating dielectric layer 330 in other ways, which are not limited herein.

It should be noted that the length of the slot of the resonator conductor 350 is related to the target wavelength to be filtered, and in some possible implementations, the length of the resonator conductor 350 is 1/2 of the target wavelength. For example, the target wavelength is 0.01 mm, and the length of the resonator conductor 350 is 0.005 mm.

4. A second insulating dielectric layer 340.

In some possible implementations, the material of the second insulating medium layer 340 may be an insulating medium. A substance that is not good at conducting current is called an insulating medium, and its resistivity is extremely high. The insulating medium may be various, solid such as plastic, rubber, glass, ceramic, etc., liquid such as various natural mineral oils, silicone oil, trichlorobiphenyl, etc., gas such as air, carbon dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, etc., and is not limited herein. In some possible implementations, the insulating medium of the respective resistivity may be selected as desired.

In the embodiment of the present application, the second insulating medium layer 340 wraps the first inner conductor 310 disposed with the resonator conductor 350, that is, the second insulating medium layer 340 wraps the first inner conductor 310 disposed with the resonator conductor 350, so as to avoid signal distortion caused by leakage of the first inner conductor 310.

5. An outer conductor 320.

In some possible implementations, the material of the outer conductor 320 may be a conductive metal, such as copper or silver, or other conductive metals, or other conductive substances, which is not limited herein. In some possible implementations, the outer conductor 320 may be an outer conductor in a coaxial transmission line, and has a long shape with a circular cross section. In the embodiment of the present application, the outer conductor 320 is disposed on the surface of the second insulating medium layer 340 for shielding signals and avoiding signal leakage.

In the filter 300 of the above-described embodiment, the insulating layers of the inner and outer conductors are plated or laminated with a plurality of metal resonator structures at a time, so that additional filter components are omitted, and the resonators are not required to be assembled separately, thereby reducing the matching precision between the resonators, and the resonators can be embedded in the coaxial transmission line independently.

6. A second inner conductor 360 and a third insulating dielectric layer 370.

In some possible implementations, as shown in fig. 3-6 or fig. 3-7, the filter 300 may further include a second inner conductor 360 and a third insulating medium layer 370, wherein the second inner conductor 360 is embedded in the third insulating medium layer 370, a radius of the third insulating medium layer 370 is smaller than a radius of the first inner conductor 310, and the third insulating medium layer 370 is embedded in the first inner conductor 310, so as to implement a function of a high-pass filter.

In the filter 300 of the above-described embodiment, the insulating layers of the inner and outer conductors are plated or laminated with a plurality of metal resonator structures at a time, so that additional filter components outside the filter are reduced, and the plurality of resonators are not required to be assembled separately, so that the matching precision between the resonators is reduced, and the filter can be independently embedded in and coaxial with the transmission line.

The application also provides an antenna comprising a filter as described above.

The application also provides a base station comprising the antenna.

Referring to fig. 4, the present application further provides a method for manufacturing a filter, including:

401. and embedding the first inner conductor in the first insulating medium layer.

402. The resonator conductor is arranged on the surface of the first dielectric layer.

In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor is strip-shaped.

In some possible implementations, the length of the resonator conductor is 1/2 of the target wavelength.

In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor is laid out on the surface of the first dielectric layer in a spiral manner.

In some possible implementations, the resonator conductor is a metal layer on a surface of the second insulating dielectric layer, and the metal layer is provided with a slot, and the slot is in a strip shape.

403. And embedding the first insulating medium layer into the second insulating medium layer.

404. And arranging the outer conductor on the surface of the second insulating medium layer.

In some possible implementations, the second inner conductor and the third insulating dielectric layer are embedded in the third insulating dielectric layer, and the third insulating dielectric layer is embedded in the first inner conductor, and a radius of the third insulating dielectric layer is smaller than a radius of the first inner conductor.

It should be noted that for simplicity of description, the above-mentioned embodiments of the method are described as a series of acts, but those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the described order of acts, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to the present application. Further, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described in this specification are preferred embodiments and that acts or modules referred to are not necessarily required for this application.

It should be noted that, because the contents of information interaction, execution process, and the like between the modules/units of the apparatus are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present application, the technical effect brought by the contents is the same as the method embodiment of the present application, and specific contents may refer to the description in the foregoing method embodiment of the present application, and are not described herein again.

Claims

1. A filter, comprising:

the resonator comprises a first inner conductor, an outer conductor, a first insulating medium layer, a second insulating medium layer and a resonator conductor;

the first inner conductor is embedded in the first insulating medium layer, and the resonator conductor is arranged on the surface of the first insulating medium layer;

the first insulating medium layer provided with the resonator conductor is embedded in the second insulating medium layer, and the outer conductor is arranged on the surface of the second insulating medium layer.

2. The filter of claim 1, wherein the resonator conductors are strip-shaped.

3. The filter of claim 2, wherein the resonator conductors have a length of 1/2 of a target wavelength.

4. A filter according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the resonator conductor arranged on the surface of the first dielectric layer comprises:

the resonator conductor is arranged on the surface of the first insulating medium layer in a spiral mode.

5. The filter of claim 1, wherein the resonator conductor is a metal layer on a surface of the second insulating medium layer, and a slot is disposed in the metal layer, wherein the slot is a bar.

6. A filter according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that the resonator conductors are flexible foil metal layers.

7. A filter according to any of claims 1-5, characterised in that the resonator conductors are metal conductor plated.

8. The filter of any one of claims 1-7, further comprising:

the second inner conductor is embedded in the third insulating medium layer;

the radius of the third insulating medium layer is smaller than that of the first inner conductor, and the third insulating medium layer is embedded in the first inner conductor.

9. An antenna comprising a filter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A base station comprising an antenna according to claim 9.

11. A method of manufacturing a filter, comprising:

embedding the first inner conductor in the first insulating medium layer;

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the resonator conductor is strip-shaped.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the resonator conductor has a length of 1/2 of a target wavelength.

14. The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein the disposing the resonator conductor on the surface of the first dielectric layer comprises:

and arranging the resonator conductor on the surface of the first insulating medium layer in a spiral mode.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein the resonator conductor is a metal layer on a surface of the second dielectric layer, and wherein a slot is formed in the metal layer, wherein the slot is a stripe.

16. A method according to any of claims 11-15, characterized in that the resonator conductor is a flexible foil metal layer.

17. The method of any of claims 11-15, wherein the resonator conductor is a metal conductor plating.

18. The method according to any one of claims 11-17, further comprising:

a second inner conductor and a third insulating dielectric layer;

embedding the second inner conductor in a third insulating medium layer;

and embedding the third insulating medium layer in the first inner conductor, wherein the radius of the third insulating medium layer is smaller than that of the first inner conductor.